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《经济林研究》2021,39(1)
【目的】明确球毛壳菌、嗜松青霉菌、裂褶菌、枝状枝孢霉和福廷瓶头霉5种贵州蓝莓土著菌根菌对蓝莓果实品质产量的影响。【方法】以3年生蓝莓品种‘粉蓝’为材料,通过菌液灌浇方式开展接种试验,对果实成熟时期蓝莓根系的菌根侵染情况、果实形态和产量以及果实主要品质指标进行测定,采用聚类分析和主成分分析方法对变异系数大于10%的果实形态和品质指标进行降维分析,并根据主成分综合得分对各菌株的接种效果进行评价。【结果】接种后,5种菌根菌均与蓝莓根系表现出良好的共生效应,福廷瓶头霉与蓝莓根系的共生效果最好。与对照相比,接种裂褶菌、枝状枝孢霉、福廷瓶头霉3个菌种显著提高了蓝莓的单株果实产量,提升幅度分别为11.17%、27.27%、29.25%;接种裂褶菌、嗜松青霉、福廷瓶头霉处理下蓝莓果实可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量显著增加,有利于提升蓝莓的鲜食口感;接种5种菌根菌后蓝莓果实花青素、总酚和总黄酮含量均得以不同程度提升。其中,接种福廷瓶头霉对果实花青素含量的提升效果最好,提升幅度为45.16%,接种嗜松青霉对蓝莓果实总酚和总黄酮含量的提升效果最好,提升的幅度分别为55.93%和43.33%。对8个果实指标进行降维分析,聚类分析结果显示接种后蓝莓果实可分为2大类。主成分分析结果显示,按照接种后对蓝莓果实品质的提升效果由优到劣排序,5种菌根菌分别为福廷瓶头霉、裂褶菌、嗜松青霉菌、球毛壳菌、枝状枝孢霉。【结论】裂褶菌、嗜松青霉菌、福廷瓶头霉对蓝莓植株产量和果实品质具有良好提升效果,可作为蓝莓的菌根化培育的参考菌种。 相似文献
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《内蒙古林业调查设计》2017,(3):98-100
棉革菌属Tomentella真菌形成的外生菌根是北温带、温带和热带地区森林生态系统中,特别是针叶林和阔叶落叶林中很常见且占主导地位的外生菌根真菌类群。研究表明,Tomentella不仅是外生菌根真菌,在兰科植物及很多灌木的根系内都发现有Tomentella真菌的存在,与这些植物形成菌根结构。文章从该属真菌菌根目前的研究进展进行了简要综述,旨在为中国该属真菌的研究提供依据。 相似文献
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采用蜡磨菌与ＶＡ 菌根真菌分别对蓝桉和尾叶桉进行单接种或混合接种,研究结果表明,两种菌根类型的真菌均能在桉树苗木根系上成功地定殖,分别合成了外生菌根、ＶＡ 菌根和混合菌根,证实了桉树不仅是菌根营养型树种,而且能形成多种菌根类型。ＶＡ 菌根感染率在接种初期较高,但随时间的推移有降低的趋势;而外生菌根菌初期合成菌根的速度较慢,但单位长度根段内菌根根尖数目有明显增加的趋势。与单接种ＶＡ菌根真菌苗木相比,外生菌根真菌抑制了ＶＡ 菌根菌在根系上的进一步侵染,体现在较低的ＶＡ 菌根感染率;而外生菌根菌显示出了较强的竞争能力,并能在接种后９ 周时开始形成子实体。在混合菌根中,外生菌根有逐步替代ＶＡ 菌根的发展趋势,两种类型的菌根真菌间存在一定的竞争性作用关系。基质磷（Ｐ）素水平对菌根的形成也有一定的影响 相似文献
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从南方红豆杉菌根菌中筛选出产紫杉醇和紫杉烷类化合物10-去乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ(10-DAB)的高产菌株,对分离获得的21株菌株进行了液体发酵培养实验,通过TLC、HPLC及LC-MS检测发现,有10株菌株具有产紫杉醇及紫杉烷类化合物的能力,其中4株菌株中产10-DAB分别为260.05、92.88、393.27、70.52μg/L,但未检出产紫杉醇;6株中产紫杉醇分别为434.94、1 242.19、200.65、360.77、317.90、29.82μg/L,但未检出产10-DAB,说明南方红豆杉的各种菌根真菌虽具有合成紫杉醇或紫杉烷类化合物的能力,但各自所合成化合物有差异,不同种类的菌根菌可能分别参与了紫杉醇生物合成的不同环节,即南方红豆杉菌根高含量紫杉醇的生物合成可能是多种菌根菌协同参与作用的结果,且其中的高产菌株具有发酵生产紫杉醇的潜力。 相似文献
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外生菌根菌的培养技术与应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
<正> 1 菌根概念和应用现状菌根是自然界普遍存在的土壤真菌与绿色植物幼嫩的吸收根形成的共生联合体。形成菌根的真菌称为菌根菌。菌根菌生活在植物根的周围,依靠菌根从寄主植物上获取生活所需的碳水化合物和其它促进生长的物质,如葡萄糖、氨基酸、维生素等。植物则通过菌根菌在土 相似文献
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菌根(Mycor-rhiza)就是指土壤真菌与植物营养根形成的互惠共生体系。根据菌根形态学及解剖学特征的不同,菌根主要分为外生菌根、内生菌根和内外生菌根。 菌根可以扩大寄主植物根系的吸收面积;增加对磷素和其它矿物元素的吸收和利用;菌 相似文献
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Tissue culture seedlings of the hybrid Cymbidium were inoculated with six different fungal strains, isolated from the roots of different wild terrestrial orchids. About three months later, the average increment of fresh weight of seedlings inoculated with strains CF1, CF3 and CF12 were respectively 130.26%, 345.65% and 153.34% while that of the control was only 88.40%. The differences between the three treatments and the control were statistically significant （α = 0.05）, highlighting the treatment with strain CF3 （α = 0.01）. In addition, the three strains were obtained by re-isolating. Pelotons, regarded as typical structures of orchid mycorrhiza, were also found in the inoculating roots under a microscope. It seems that the strains of CF1, CF3, and CF12 are associated with the hybrid Cymbidium and supplied the orchid with nutrition. It can be confirmed that the three strains are beneficial for the seedlings of this hybrid. 相似文献
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In order to discover which ectomycorrhizal-(ECM) fungi have better growth-promoting effects on poplars, cuttings from four
poplar species were inoculated with nine species of ECM fungi by three methods. We investigated the status of mycorrhizal
formation and the effects of these fungi on the growth of the poplars. The results show that Xrocomus chrysentero (Xc), Boletus edulis (Be), Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) and Laccaria amethystea (La) formed clear ectomycorrhizal symbiosis with the poplar seedlings. Among these four ECM fungi, Xc had the greatest ability
to develop mycorrhizae with all four poplar species. Be shows a greater ability to form mycorrhizae with Populus deltoides Bartr cv. ‘Lux’ (Poplar I-69). Pt and La had relatively weaker abilities of colonization. The other five ECM fungal species,
i.e., Scleroderma luteus (Sl), Leccinum scabrum (Ls), Boletus speciosus (Bs), Calvatia craniiformis (Cc) and Rhizopogen luteous (Rl) could not easily form mycorrhizae with poplar seedlings grown in sterilized substrates, but could do so in non-sterilized
soil. With the method of drilling and injecting liquid inoculum, a simple operation, the mycorrhizal infection rates were
higher than with the other two methods, applying solid inoculum as fertilizer at the bottom of the pots and dipping roots
in the inoculum slurry. P. simonii Carr. formed mycorrhizae with most of the nine ECM fungi. P. x euramericana (Dode) Guinier cv. ’san Martino’ (Poplar I-72) and P. deltoids Harvard x P. deltoids Lux (Poplar NL-351) had the highest compatibility with Pt. Poplar I-69 shows the highest compatibility with Xc. The study
indicates that the optimal ECM fungi for poplars I-69, I-72 and NL-351 were Be, Xc and Pt, respectively. The optimal fungi
for P. simonii Carr. were Xc and Be. These ECM fungi promoted the growth of the poplar seedlings significantly.
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Translated from Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2007, 31(6): 29–33 [译自: 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)] 相似文献
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The effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae on plant growth, leaf solutes and root absorption area of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) seedlings were studied in potted culture under water stress conditions. Inoculation with G. mosseae increased plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and plant dry weight, when the soil water
content was 20%, 16% and 12%. AM inoculation also promoted the active and total absorption area of root system and absorption
of phosphorus from the rhizosphere, enhanced the content of soluble sugar in leaves and roots, and reduced proline content
in leaves. AM seedings had higher plant water use efficiency and higher drought tolerance than non-AM seedlings. Effects of
G. mosseae inoculation on trifoliate orange seedlings under 20% and 16% soil water content were more significant than under 12% soil
water content. AM infection was severely restrained by 12% soil water content. Thus, effects of AM fungi on plants were probably
positively related to the extent of root colonization by AM fungi. The mechanism of AM fungi in enhancing drought resistance
of host plants ascribed to greater osmotic adjustment and greater absorption area of root system by AM colonization.
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Translated from Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, 2005, 30(5): 583–588 [译自: 植物生理与分子生物学报, 2005, 30(5): 583–588] 相似文献
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利用3个内生菌根菌和10个外生菌根菌接种滨海木麻黄苗,测定小苗的树高、地径、地上干质量、地下干质量、总生物量和保存率.结果表明:接种两种菌根菌后能显著地促进滨海木麻黄苗期的生长;滨海木麻黄对供试的内生菌根菌和外生菌根菌的菌根依赖性都属于中等强度或较弱的依赖性;接种菌根菌后滨海木麻黄苗的保存率比对照显著提高;苏格兰球囊霉90068、地表球囊霉9004、苏格兰球囊霉90036、黄硬皮马勃0207、松茸和彩色豆马勃9705在促进滨海木麻黄苗期生长和提高保存率上都有较好的效果,可在滨海木麻黄苗期接种应用. 相似文献
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利用3个内生菌根菌(AMF)和6个外生菌根菌(ECMF)接种山地木麻黄苗,测定小苗的树高、根长、地径、地上干质量、地下干质量和总生物量,并在干旱胁迫下测定小苗的保存率.结果表明:接种内、外生菌根菌后都能极显著地促进山地木麻黄苗期的生长;山地木麻黄对供试的AMF和ECMF菌根都属于中等强度或较弱的依赖性;山地木麻黄接种菌根菌后对地上部分(苗高、地径和地上干质量)生长的促进作用比地下部分(根长和地下干质量)要大;在供试的9个菌根菌种和菌株中,AMF比ECMF更能提高山地木麻黄的抗旱力;筛选出菌根效应较好的菌根菌有:苏格兰球囊霉90068、苏格兰球囊霉90036、地表球囊霉9004、黄硬皮马勃0207、蜡蘑E439,可在山地木麻黄苗期接种应用. 相似文献
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