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旱獭、麝鼠、兔狲、青鼬、石貂毛绒纤维超微结构比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以旱獭、麝鼠、兔狲、青鼬、石貂为试验材料,观察其毛绒纤维的超微结构,利用扫描电镜法比较其鳞片层结构特征.结果显示:旱獭针毛翘角平均值为37.0°,鳞片高度平均值为7.76 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.43μm,旱獭绒毛翘角平均值为25.4°,鳞片高度平均值为14.57 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.68 μm；麝鼠针毛鳞片高度平均值为4.58 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.22 μm,麝鼠绒毛翘角平均值为24.7°,鳞片高度平均值为11.14 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.40 μm；兔狲针毛翘角平均值为31.9°,鳞片高度平均值为10.65 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.52 μm,兔狲绒毛翘角平均值为24.8°,鳞片高度平均值为9.30 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.46 μm；青鼬针毛翘角平均值为37.8°,鳞片高度平均值为4.33 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.24 μm,青鼬绒毛鳞片高度平均值为13.88 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.65 μm；石貂针毛翘角平均值为33.6°,鳞片高度平均值为23.93 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.74 μm,石貂绒毛翘角平均值为25.2°,鳞片高度平均值为29.87 μm,鳞片厚度平均值为0.64 μm.不同种的动物纤维具有独特的形态特征,在超微结构上存在明显的差别. 相似文献
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以6种野生杂皮类动物毛纤维为试验材料,测定其鳞片结构及元素组成,并利用扫描电镜比较其超微结构特征.结果显示:6种动物的鳞片结构均有差异(P＜0.05),其横截面特征各异.6种野生杂皮动物毛纤维的鳞片高度、鳞片厚度、鳞片翘角等指标各异,同一种动物的毛纤维和绒纤维的鳞片层的鳞片高度、鳞片厚度、鳞片翘角等指标也不尽相同；针、绒毛中均含C、O、S、Ca,而C、O的含量比例均差异不大,针毛所含的Ca较多,而S元素较少,绒毛所含的S较多,而Ca元素较少.可依据毛纤维超微结构特征进行6种动物毛皮种类的鉴别. 相似文献
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应用嗜肺性军团菌(Lp)共同抗原建立了微量间接血凝试验(MPHA),并以此方法对马鹿、梅花鹿、紫貂、水貂、貉、獭兔、熊、蓝狐、银狐及雉鸡等10种特种经济动物的830份血清样本进行了Lp抗体水平的检测。结果表明,紫貂和水貂血清的Lp抗体滴度1:32为阻抑试验阳性,而梅花鹿、马鹿、貉等8种特种经济动物血清的Lp抗体滴度1:64为阳性。按此标准,獭兔血清Lp抗体的阳性率为30.0％(9/30),梅花鹿15.3％(19/124),紫貂8.7％(2/23),马鹿8.45％(6/71),貉2.94％(6/204),水貂1.1％(8/273)。熊、蓝狐、银狐及雉鸡等血清样本全部呈阴性反应。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(11)
为了探讨改良型短毛黑水貂(美国短毛黑水貂与原苏联标准貂杂交4代以上)被毛品质,试验于2012年12月份随机选取公貂、母貂各20只,在每只水貂背部、腹部、臀部分别取1 cm2的毛样,利用刻度尺和数显外径千分尺(型号为MSQ525)测量母貂的被毛密度及公貂和母貂针毛、绒毛的长度和细度,并将结果与其他品种水貂进行比较。结果表明:改良型短毛黑水貂母貂被毛密度为(21 543±303)根/cm2,比金州标准貂大;针毛和绒毛的长度、细度及针毛、绒毛长度比分别为:公貂(21.77±0.24)mm、(14.80±0.17)mm、(43.65±0.22)μm、(4.56±0.16)μm、1∶0.61;母貂(18.50±0.24)mm、(13.77±0.15)mm、(42.42±0.26)μm、(4.28±0.05)μm、1∶0.64;公貂针毛长度与母貂相比差异显著(P0.05),针毛细度、绒毛长度和细度间差异不显著(P0.05);绒毛长度与美国短毛黑水貂相比稍短,但与金州标准貂相比较长。说明改良型短毛黑水貂在被毛密度和绒毛长度方面与金州标准貂相比得到提高,但在针毛长度和针、绒毛细度方面与美国短毛黑水貂相比仍有选育提高空间。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(11)
为了对银蓝水貂被毛品质进行研究,试验随机选取公貂、母貂各20只,在每只水貂颈部、背中部、臀部、腹中部分别选取1 cm2的毛样,利用刻度尺和数显外径千分尺(型号为MSQ525)分别测量针毛和绒毛的长度、细度各30根,并进行统计分析。结果表明:针毛和绒毛的长度、细度及针、绒毛长度比分别为公貂(27.7±0.1)mm、(14.8±0.2)mm、(33.9±0.1)μm、(3.8±0.1)μm、1∶0.53,母貂(23.0±0.2)mm、(12.9±0.7)mm、(41.6±0.1)μm、(5.0±0.3)μm、1∶0.56。同一个体体表各部位的针毛和绒毛在长度、细度方面存在差异,公貂针毛和绒毛的长度、细度与母貂相比差异极显著(P0.01)。 相似文献
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Frölich K Czupalla O Haas L Hentschke J Dedek J Fickel J 《Veterinary microbiology》2000,74(4):283-292
Canine distemper virus (CDV) infects a broad range of carnivores. To assess whether wild carnivores may play a role in the epidemiology of CDV in domestic dogs in Germany, the seroprevalence of CDV was determined. In sera from red foxes (30 of 591 (5%)) and stone martens (2 of 10 (20%)) antiviral antibodies were detected using a neutralization assay, whereas sera of raccoons, two mink, one pine marten and one raccoon dog were negative. In foxes, there was a significantly higher prevalence in urban and suburban compared to rural regions. When testing lung and spleen tissue samples (fox, badger, stone marten, polecat, raccoon dog) 13 of 253 (5.1%) foxes, 2 of 13 (15.4%) stone martens and 2 of 6 (33%) badgers were virus positive using RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial sequences of the F gene revealed a distinct relatedness to canine CDV isolates. Together, the data support the concept of transmission of CDV between domestic dogs and wild carnivores. 相似文献
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Kameo Y Nagao Y Nishio Y Shimoda H Nakano H Suzuki K Une Y Sato H Shimojima M Maeda K 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,154(3-4):222-229
In the spring of 2007, seven raccoon dogs and a weasel were captured near the city of Tanabe in Wakayama prefecture, Japan. The causative agent of the animals' death 1-2 days after capture was identified as canine distemper virus (CDV) by virus isolation, immunostaining with an anti-CDV polyclonal antibody, and a commercially available CDV antigen-detection kit. Sequence analysis of hemagglutinin genes indicated the isolated viruses belong to genotype Asia-1 and possess the substitution from tyrosine (Y) to histidine (H) at position 549 that is associated with the spread of CDV to non-canine hosts. A serosurvey for CDV was then conducted among wild animals in the region. The animals assayed consisted of 104 raccoons, 41 wild boars, 19 raccoon dogs, five Sika deer, two badgers, one weasel, one marten, one Siberian weasel and one fox. Virus-neutralization (VN) tests showed that, except for fox and weasel, all of the species assayed had VN antibodies to CDV. Interestingly, 11 of the 41 wild boars (27%) and two of the five Sika deer assayed possessed VN antibodies to CDV. These findings indicate that CDV infection was widespread among wild mammals during this epizootic. 相似文献
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Response of mink, skunk, red fox and raccoon to inoculation with mink virus enteritis, feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus and prevalence of antibody to parvovirus in wild carnivores in Ontario. 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mink virus enteritis, feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus-2 were inoculated separately into groups of raccoon, mink, red fox and striped skunk. Raccoons were highly susceptible to mink virus enteritis and feline panleukopenia, with animals developing clinical illness, and several dying within six to ten days of inoculation with lesions typical of parvovirus infection. Both viruses were shed in high titre in the feces of infected raccoons, and high antibody titres were stimulated. Raccoons inoculated with canine parvovirus-2 showed no signs; shedding of virus was sporadic though moderate titres of antibody developed. Mink inoculated with mink virus enteritis and feline panleukopenia developed signs and lesions of early parvovirus infection. No signs or significant lesions followed canine parvovirus-2 inoculation. Shedding of virus was heavy (mink virus enteritis) or sporadic (feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus-2), though good serological responses were elicited to all three viruses. Red fox showed no signs of infection, shed all three viruses only sporadically, and the serological response was strong only to feline panleukopenia. Skunks developed low antibody titres, but no signs, and did not shed virus. Antibody to parvovirus was found in 79.2% of 144 wild red foxes; 22.3% of 112 wild raccoons; 1.3% of 157 wild skunks and 6/7 coyotes in southern Ontario. The likely significance of these viruses to wild and captive individuals and populations of these carnivores is discussed. 相似文献
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试验旨在克隆北极狐及乌苏里貉抑制素α（inhibin α,INHα）亚基基因并对其进行生物信息学分析。根据GenBank中犬科INHα预测mRNA序列（登录号：XM_545660.5）设计1对引物,用RT-PCR技术从北极狐及乌苏里貉的卵巢组织中扩增出INHα亚基基因,同时将其插入到克隆载体中,进行测序及生物信息学分析。测序结果表明,北极狐及乌苏里貉的INHα亚基基因CDS序列全长为1 107 bp,编码369个氨基酸。北极狐及乌苏里貉的INHα亚基基因与犬的同源性最高,分别为97.9%与97.6%。系统进化树分析表明,北极狐及乌苏里貉与犬亲缘关系较近,同时也说明INHα亚基基因在不同物种及进化过程中具有高度保守性。对INHα亚基蛋白的高级结构预测发现,由于半胱氨酸间形成的二硫键导致其采用"蝴蝶形"或"开放手"构型,其中α-螺旋形成分子的"手腕"结构,β-折叠形成分子的"手指"结构。本研究成功克隆了北极狐及乌苏里貉的INHα亚基基因,同时进行了系统的生物信息学分析,为今后研究抑制素在卵母细胞-颗粒细胞同步发育过程中的生物学功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Distemper vaccination of farmed fur animals in Finland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The most important farmed fur animal species in Finland are the American mink (Mustela vison), blue fox (Alopex lagopus), silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides); all are susceptible to canine distemper. The only distemper vaccines currently available are for mink, although they also have been used for fox and raccoon dogs in emergency situations. The efficacy in eliciting neutralizing antibodies and the safety of three mink-distemper vaccines were studied under field conditions with mink and silver fox. Two of the vaccines were also studied with raccoon dogs and blue fox. All three vaccines elicited a satisfactory antibody response in mink, whereas the response varied in the other species. No side effects were observed in any species tested. One of the vaccines was safe and immunogenic in all four species. 相似文献
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Yongjun Xiao 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(3):186-190
Abstract Seasonal moulting was studied by quantitative histology and external observations in adult male raccoon dogs. Moulting of the underfur hairs is characterized by a heavy loss of old winter hair in spring and an intensive growth of new winter hair in autumn. Only few mature and growing underfur hairs were found in the hair cover in summer. The new intermediate and large guard hairs started to develop in April and May. All the new guard hairs had developed by the end of June. About 7 and 3.5 months were needed for the growth of new winter guard and underfur hairs respectively. At the end of November the winter fur was mature. The bundles with an intermediate guard hair contained more underfur hairs than the bundles with a large guard hair in the mature winter fur. The thickness of dermis and the grade of skin colour peaked in the autumn moult, indicating a close relation to the activity of hair follicles. 相似文献
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J. Nowacka‐Woszuk S. Salamon A. Gorna M. Switonski 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2013,130(2):136-141
Coat colour variation is determined by many genes, one of which is the melanocortin receptor type 1 (MC1R) gene. In this study, we examined the whole coding sequence of this gene in four species belonging to the Canidae family (dog, red fox, arctic fox and Chinese raccoon dog). Although the comparative analysis of the obtained nucleotide sequences revealed a high conservation, which varied between 97.9 and 99.1%, we altogether identified 22 SNPs (10 in dogs, six in farmed red foxes, two in wild red foxes, three in arctic foxes and one in Chinese raccoon dog). Among them, seven appeared to be novel: one silent in the dog, three missense and one silent in the red fox, one in the 3′‐flanking region in the arctic fox and one silent in the Chinese raccoon dog. In dogs and red foxes, the SNPs segregated as 10 and four haplotypes, respectively. Taking into consideration the published reports and results of this study, the highest number of missense polymorphisms was until now found in the dog (9) and red fox (7). 相似文献