共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
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来进花 《甘肃农业大学学报》2002,37(2):260-264
对在校1～4年级本科生采用“国际防痨和呼吸病联盟烟草与健康委员会”设计的调查表为基础,根据甘肃农业大学的生源实际情况,自行设计自填式问题调查表进行调查,共调查565人,对553份有效答卷进行统计分析。结果表明:大学生总吸烟率为63.8 %,其中每日吸烟者占18.8 %,偶尔吸烟者占45.0 %;烟卷种类有普通型和过滤嘴型,其中以过滤嘴烟卷为主,占74.2 %;每日吸烟10支以上占53.8 %;大学生对控制全社会吸烟的态度较积极。不吸烟的原因,60.6 % 的学生认为是“保护自己的身体健康”;30.4 % 的学生是“为了不使周围人感到讨厌”;34.5 % 的学生不吸烟是为了“省钱”。大学生对吸烟危害认识不清,不吸烟并不是源于自身健康的要求,而是屈从于外界条件,控制大学生吸烟需要全社会与学校的密切配合。 相似文献
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采用单一目标概念内隐联想测验(WIAT),研究不同原因吸烟者的内隐态度,结果发现:社会心理因素吸烟的大学生对吸烟行为的内隐态度是消极的;而药理维度吸烟的大学生对吸烟行为的内隐态度较消极,但未达到显著性水平.两种不同原因吸烟者的内隐态度差异不显著.戒烟干预可以从吸烟者的内隐态度入手,提高吸烟者的自我认知,降低大学生的吸烟率. 相似文献
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调查表明，吸烟者中知道吸烟有害健康的人占95％，愿意戒烟的人有70％。中国有3．5亿烟民，构成了上千亿的戒烟市场。全国乃至全球刮起的戒烟风暴使中国成为世界上最大的戒烟市场。 相似文献
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High school students with 1 to 5 years' smoking experience have excessive cough, sputum production, and shortness of breath. When maximum expiratory flow is plotted against maximum expired volume, the curves of nonsmokers and smokers differ in shape. The smokers have lower flow rates at mid-vital capacity and at lower lung volumes. This probably reflects small airway obstruction in the smokers. 相似文献
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R B Everson E Randerath R M Santella R C Cefalo T A Avitts K Randerath 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4733):54-57
The presence of covalent DNA chemical addition products (adducts) in human term placentas was investigated by recently developed immunologic and 32P-postlabeling assays. DNA from placental specimens of smokers showed a small but not statistically significant increase in adduct levels when tested by antibodies to DNA modified with a benzo[a]pyrene dihydrodiol epoxide (BPDE-I), the ultimate carcinogenic derivative of benzo[a]pyrene. The postlabeling assay detected several modified nucleotides, one of which (adduct 1) strongly related to maternal smoking during pregnancy. This adduct was present in placental tissue from 16 of 17 smokers, but only 3 of 14 nonsmokers. Among smokers, levels of adduct 1 in general were only weakly related to questionnaire and biochemical measures of the intensity of smoking exposures, which suggests modulation by individual susceptibility factors. The adduct seemed to be derived from an aromatic carcinogen, but it may not result from several of the most intensely studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or aromatic amines in tobacco smoke. The data show the association of cigarette smoking with covalent damage to human DNA in vivo. 相似文献
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A number of brain systems have been implicated in addictive behavior, but none have yet been shown to be necessary for maintaining the addiction to cigarette smoking. We found that smokers with brain damage involving the insula, a region implicated in conscious urges, were more likely than smokers with brain damage not involving the insula to undergo a disruption of smoking addiction, characterized by the ability to quit smoking easily, immediately, without relapse, and without persistence of the urge to smoke. This result suggests that the insula is a critical neural substrate in the addiction to smoking. 相似文献
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利用石家庄地区主要农作物1985—2010年历年单产数据,分析讨论了该地区主要农作物单产的变化、突变和周期。结果表明:从年代际变化情况看,大部分主要农作物单产均在1990年代波动最强,在1980年代波动最弱,其中蔬菜单产波动最为剧烈,稻谷波动最弱,大部分主要农作物呈现明显增产趋势,其中蔬菜、小麦和花生单产增产趋势最为明显;从年变化情况看,蔬菜单产波动最为剧烈,棉花波动最弱,大部分主要农作物呈现明显增产趋势,其中蔬菜、小麦和花生单产增产趋势最为明显;主要农作物均呈现增产趋势,增产趋势大多出现在1980年代后期和1990年代初期,玉米、棉花和大豆气候单产出现突变现象;全区主要农作物气候单产均存在准7年的低频振荡周期,其中棉花和稻谷气候单产低频振荡周期振幅最大。 相似文献
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After being deprived of cigarettes for 24 hours, eight young males who were heavy smokers showed significant changes in the electroencephalogram analyzed electronically and by digital computer. Compared to their records before smoking deprivation, there was a significant increase in slow frequencies. Resumed smoking reversed these trends. 相似文献
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通过问卷调查的方式对《现代科学与技术概论》课程的多人分阶段专题式教学模式与传统式教学模式进行了同步调查与比较分析。调查结果表明,专题式教学模式在学生的学习兴趣、学习方法及对教师教学态度的认可度、教学效果的综合评价方面都优于传统式教学模式。其主要优势表现在可以充分发挥教师的教学优势、及时更新前沿知识、开展精髓式教学和辅导;也有利于调动学生的主观能动性和学习兴趣,但专题式教学模式下各教学内容之间的衔接与连贯有待进一步探讨。 相似文献
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通过师资水平、授课方式、专业学习、教材选择等方面,以福建农林大学为例调查了学生对双语教学模式运用效果的整体反馈与评价。调查表明,学生的英语水平和师资力量是影响双语教学模式运用效果的主要因素。最后从教学团队建设,教学方法的革新,教材建设和因材施教方面提出提高双语教学实施效果的建议。 相似文献
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Tobacco and evoked potential 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Significant changes were found in two indices of the averaged visual evoked potentials in nine smokers after 12 and 36 hours of abstinence and after resumption of smoking. There was a decrease of the amplitude envelope accompanying withdrawal and an increase with resumption of smoking. These changes are consistent with the contention that tobacco increases arousal. Amplitude changes were found in a specific component of the evoked potential occurring between 100 and 125 milliseconds after the onset of the flash. The latter changes suggest the possibility that smoking selectively enhances the perceptiont of weak stimuli. 相似文献
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开展实践教学是提高学生实践能力、培养学生创新精神的关键。通过对茶树栽培技术课程教学内容和教学方式进行改革实践,提出了要加强实践教学管理、制定实践教学质量标准等措施,以促进学生实践技能的培养和提高,对高职院校开展实践教学具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献