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1.
N. Thurling 《Euphytica》1974,23(2):321-331
Summary Substantial variation in yield, its primary components and several vegetative characters which influence yield was observed among a series of families drawn at random from a low erucic acid variety of turnip rape. A sib analysis of family means showed all characters to have relatively high heritabilities, although yield was, together with seed weight and specific leaf weight, in a group having the lowest values.Several characters, including flowering time, leaf area and leaf weight, had appreciably higher heritabilities than yield, however, none appeared to be a suitable alternative criterion for selection as the expected correlated responses to selection for these characters were lower than the direct response to selection for yield. The expected genetic advance in yield from the simultaneous selection for a number of these characters using a selection index technique, was significantly greater than that expected from selection for yield alone. Selection indices based either on yield components or vegetative characters were, at best, only as efficient as selecting directly for yield. Several indices including measurements of both yield components and vegetative characters were, however, expected to facilitate a greater rate of advance in yield than direct selection.The practical value of such indices in improving rapeseed yields in Western Australia was discussed with reference to the additional costs involved in their use and their accuracy in environments where genotype x environment interactions are likely to be high. 相似文献
2.
Correlated Response to Selection for Protein Yield in Oats After Three Cycles of Recurrent Selection
Three oat (Avena saliva L.) populations (i.e., lines of descent), high grain yield (HG), high protein content (HP), and high protein yield per se (HGP), each developed by three cycles of S, recurrent selection, were evaluated for the effect of selection for groat-protein yield upon other agronomic traits. Selections making up the HG line of descent had high protein yield primarily due to high grain yield, and those selected for HP had high protein yield due to both high protein content and high grain yield. Selection in HGP was on the basis of protein yield per se. Selection caused increases in bundle weight, harvest index, vegetative growth rate, and seed number in all lines of descent. Heading date, plant height, and seed weight were unaffected, whereas groat percentage and test weight were decreased in HP and HGP. Heritabilities were high for heading date, plant height, test weight, and seed weight, moderate for harvest index and bundle weight, and low for groat percentage. Genetic variability generally declined from CO to C3 for all traits. Groat-protein yield and amount of protein per groat increased in all lines of descent. In HG, the increase in groat weight was due primarily to increases in the nonprotein fraction, with groat-protein content actually decreasing. In HGP, groat weight increased due to increases in protein and nonprotein fractions, and groat protein content remained constant. In HP, groat weight and amount of nonprotein per groat decreased, thus increasing groat-protein content. Three cycles of recurrent selection resulted in oat lines with groat-protein yields significantly higher than the highest lines from CO. Utilization of index selection may be desirable to obtain populations of greater breeding value. 相似文献
3.
Summary Determinate architecture is of great interest for lupin production in Europe but the extent of genetic and environmental variation in the structure and yield of determinate lupins must be evaluated. Forty-three genotypes of determinate autumn-sown white lupin were studied in four environments in France in 1991/92 and 1992/93. Wide variation was observed for phenological (dates of mainstem and branch flowering, date of end of flowering and date of maturity), morphological (numbers of branch orders, branches and leaves) and seed characters (seed yield, mean seed weight, number of seeds/m2). Both genetic and environmental effects contributed to the observed variation. Heritabilities were high for all characters, and the interaction between genotype and location effects was low. There were significant positive correlations of flowering dates with vegetative plant development including the number of branches, number of leaves and number of branch orders. Seed yield and phenological and archtectural characters were significantly correlated. Distribution of yield on the vegetative orders showed important variations according the genotype, and the variations were related to variation for the architecture. There are possibilities for yield improvement using morphological characters in determinate autumn-sown lupin. 相似文献
4.
Summary Quantitative variability for seed yield and six other characters was analysed in Lotus corniculatus L. cv. Leo. The material consisted of 144 polycross progenies and 100 parents.Wide variability existed for all characters. The characters with the greatest variability were seed yield, forage grading and plant height. The polycross progeny test was employed to study the general combining ability of the parents. Highly significant differences existed for all seven characters under study.Parent-offspring genotypic and phenotypic correlations were high and significant for all characters except genotypic correlations for seed yield and seeds per pod. High h2 values (broad sense) were obtained for seed size and days to flowering. Traits with moderate to high h2 were seed yield (71% in parents, 64% in progenies), plant height, forage grading, and seeds per pod. The character pods per inflorescence had the lowest h2.Positive estimates of % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGak0dh9WrFfpC0xh9vqqj-hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0-OqFf% ea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr% 0-vqpWqaaeaabiGaaiaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaiqabo8agaqcaK% aaavaabeqaceaaaeaacaqGYaaabaGaaeiraaaaaaa!3A89!\[{\text{\hat \sigma }}\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\text{2}} \\ {\text{D}} \\ \end{array} \] were obtained only for seed size. The ratio of dominance variance to additive variance indicated partial dominance for this character. Except for seed yield, in all other cases these estimates had very high sampling errors. In all cases except pods per inflorescence and seeds per pod high positive estimates of % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGak0dh9WrFfpC0xh9vqqj-hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0-OqFf% ea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr% 0-vqpWqaaeaabiGaaiaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaiqbeo8aZzaaja% qbaeqabiqaaaqcaauaaiaaikdaaKaaGeaacaqGbbaaaaaa!3B30!\[\hat \sigma \begin{array}{*{20}c} 2 \\ {\text{A}} \\ \end{array} \] were obtained.The data indicated that it may be possible to simultaneously improve seed yield and maintain forage yield. Seed yield had positive and significant associations with seed size, seeds per pod and pods per inflorescence. The associations of days to flowering with forage grading (negative) and with pods per inflorescence (positive) were also significant. 相似文献
5.
Tariq Mahmood Muhammad H. Rahman Gary R. Stringam Francis Yeh Allen Good 《Euphytica》2005,144(1-2):157-167
A population of 112 F1-derived doubled haploid lines was produced from a reciprocal cross of Brassica juncea. The parents differed for seed quality, seed color and many agronomic traits. A detailed RFLP linkage map of this population,
comprising 316 loci, had been constructed, and was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed yield and yield components,
viz. siliqua length, number of seeds per siliqua, number of siliques per main raceme and 1000-seed weight. Stable and significant
QTLs were identified for all these yield components except seed yield. For yield components, a selection index based on combined
phenotypic and molecular data (QTL effects) could double up the efficiency of selection compared to the expected genetic advance
by phenotypic selection. Selection indices for high seed yield, based on the phenotypic data of yield and yield components,
could only improve the efficiency of selection by 4% of the genetic advance that can be expected from direct phenotypic selection
for yield alone. Inclusion of molecular data together with the phenotypic data of yield components in the selection indices
did not improve the efficiency of selection for higher seed yield. This is probably due to often negative relationships among
the yield components. Most of the QTLs for yield components were compensating each other, probably due to linkage, pleiotropy
or developmentally induced relationships among them. The breeding strategy for B. juncea and challenges to marker assisted selection are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Two generations of recurrent phenotypic selection for seed yield per plant under controlled pollination were carried out to
combine improved seed yield with improved forage grass performance in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Selected and unselected varieties (AberDartand AberElan respectively) and control varieties were grown for seed in pots
in a glasshouse experiment and in two field plot experiments over 5 harvest years. Seed yield components and seed yield were
measured. Significant improvements in seed yield of the selected AberDart over the unselected AberElan were observed both
in individual plants grown in the glasshouse and in field plots. Detailed observations of the individual components of seed
yield showed that the increased seed yield of AberDart can be attributed to a higher proportion of ovules forming seeds (%
seedset), greater seed number per tiller and more reproductive tillers per plant. This improvement in seed yield of AberDart
was also observed when it was grown in field plots with AberElan, experimental selection lines and commercial varieties. AberDart
produced more seeds per tiller than the other commercial varieties and selection lines studied. The implication of this approach
for the breeding of perennial ryegrass varieties that combine good agronomic performance and acceptable seed yields is discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
Heritability of, and genetic correlations among, forage and seed yield traits in Ladino white clover 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sixteen white clover genotypes and their half-sib progenies were grown in pure stand. Each clover progeny was also grown in a mixed stand that also included three grass varieties of different species. Dry matter (DM) yield was measured over 2 years and seed yield at the second year. Competitive ability of clover families was defined as the ratio between mixed stand and pure stand for clover DM yield. Narrow-sense heritability from parent-offspring regression of pure stand data was high to moderate (h20.50) for DM yield, seed yield and most of their components. Persistence as predicted by stolon density showed negative genetic correlations with seed yield (rg= -0.70) and DM yield (r2= -0.60), whereas seed yield and DM yield tended towards a negative correlation (r2=0.45). Sizes of different vegetative or reproductive organs were generally correlated positively. Evidence was provided that the set of parent genotypes represents well the genetic variation available within the Ladino gene pool. The results highlighted the difficulty of combining relatively short-term DM yield, persistence and seed yield into a unique plant type. Differences in competitive ability emerged only in the second year, better ability being related mainly to petiole length among the traits assessed in pure stand. 相似文献
8.
《European Journal of Agronomy》1999,10(2):119-128
Water use by semi-leafless peas (Pisum sativum L.) is usually less than that of conventional peas because of their reduced surface leaf area, suggesting that semi-leafless peas would be less sensitive to drought because drought develops later. This work aimed to study the reproductive response of peas cv. Solara (semi-leafless) and cv. Frilene (conventional) subjected to similar controlled soil drought during the critical period occurring between flowering and initial seed filling. Plants were subjected to drought by watering with a fraction of water used in the evapotranspiration of control plants. Soil, pod and seed water contents, leaf water status parameters, dry matter (DM) partitioning, seed yield, yield components and water use efficiency (WUE) were measured. Although soil water content decreased in a similar way in both cultivars, leaf Ψw and RWC only decreased significantly in Solara. Well-watered Frilene plants produced higher shoot and pod DM, but lower seed DM. Well-watered Solara plants produced lower pod DM and higher seed DM than Frilene. Under drought, Frilene increased partitioning of total plant DM to vegetative organs, particularly roots, and decreased DM allocation to pods and seeds increasing flower abortion. By contrast, droughted Solara interrupted vegetative growth and increased leaf senescence but maintained similar partitioning of total plant DM to pods and seeds as in well-watered conditions. For both cultivars there was a close relationship between the percentage of total DM partitioned into seeds and WUEy (water use efficiency on seed yield basis). Results demonstrate that when plants suffered the same level of drought in the soil, the reproductive response of the two cultivars was linked to differences in their WUE. 相似文献
9.
Eighteen clones involving Erianthus, as one of the parents, were evaluated in a randomised block design under sub-tropical conditions of Karnal (Haryana, India).
Fifteen characters, which contribute towards stalk yield and juice-quality, were studied. The growth of these clones was monitored
during peak winter months of December and January. Significant variability existed among the clones for all the traits studied,
except for pol % in juice at 10-month crop age, indicating potentiality of the clones to select desirable types. Nine clones
showed significant increase in stalk length during winter months over the better standard Co 1148. Whereas 6 clones developed
more number of leaves than Co 1148. Both these characters showed high genetic variability, high heritability and hence, high
expected genetic gain. Path analysis revealed that these traits contributed about 16%, 5% and 4% to the total genetic variability
in juice quality traits (pol % and CCS %), stalk yield and CCS yield, respectively. Growth in winter months has resulted in
an increase in stalk yield and CCS yield. This may help in reducing the yield gap between tropical and sub-tropical regions.
Majority of clones showed resistance to red rot disease (major disease of sugarcane in sub-tropical region). Hence, hybridization
of Erianthus with sugarcane has resulted in introgression of genes for cold tolerance and red rot resistance. As Erianthus is known for its hardiness, resistance, of these clones, to other abiotic and biotic stresses is to be ascertained.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Summary One 3-to 5-year clonal and two recent seedling-derived populations of white yam cultivars were grown and studied for the association of sex, flowering intensity, number of fruits and seed yield with vegetative characters and tuber yield. Yield was lowest in non-flowering plants and increased in the following order: male, monoecious and female plants; with females yielding almost twice as much as the non-flowering plants. The plants produced from small tuber setts, with higher leaf virus infection, low plant leafiness either had low flowering intensity, fewer fruits and seeds or even failed to flower. The sequence and timing of vegetative and reproductive processes in relation to the difference in yield between male and female plants is discussed. There is a strong indication that the intensity of flowering and fruiting is lower in plants from previous vegetative propagation compared to recent seedling-serived clones. 相似文献
11.
Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is the major insect pest of bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., in the Southeastern USA. Somaclonal variation in bermudagrass has produced distinctly divergent susceptibilities
to fall armyworm under controlled conditions. Plant persistence, productivity, forage quality characteristics, and response
to fall armyworm were assessed in field plots at Rosepine, Louisiana from 1995 through 1999. Forage quality characteristics
were assessed each year, and natural infestations of fall armyworms were monitored in 1998 and 1999. Most of the somaclonal
lines were similar to their parent cultivar in forage yield and quality, and none was consistently superior. Differences in
forage quality characteristics among the bermudagrass lines were detected in 1996 and 1997, with little difference among lines
in 1998 and 1999. All lines assessed were infested and sustained damage from natural infestations of fall armyworm larvae.
Thus despite acceptable forage productivity and quality of most lines, expression of fall armyworm resistance under these
field conditions was not detected. This lack of difference under field conditions, despite distinct resistance of some lines
under controlled conditions, may primarily be due to either insufficient production of compounds deterring the insects for
detectable effects under field conditions or loss of expression of the somaclonally acquired traits even with vegetative reproduction.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
不同类型杂交早稻农艺性状的遗传分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用6个杂交稻三系不育系和10个杂交早稻父本品种,通过不完全双列杂交配置了60个杂交早稻组合。分析了在相同栽培环境条件下三系杂交早稻亲本及其所配置的杂交早稻组合的12个农艺性状的遗传规律。结果表明：12个农艺性状的遗传以加性效应为主,各性状的狭义遗传力大小顺序依次为千粒重>株高>穗长>穗实粒数>结实率>穗总粒数>生育期>理论产量>实际产量>有效穗>成穗率>最高苗;除穗长外,其余性状受父本的影响较大;理论产量与结实率、穗实粒数、株高、成穗率及有效穗呈正相关,可通过这几个性状对产量进行间接选择;穗实粒数是杂交早稻选择指数中最重要的选择性状。 相似文献
13.
Information on the genetic variability of seed yield and yield components is limited and no information is available on correlations
among seed yield and yield components and direct and indirect effects of the yield components on seed yield in switchgrass,
Panicum
virgatum L. Accordingly, we conducted replicated experiments at Chickasha and Perkins, OK, in 1998 involving 11 lowland type switchgrass
populations to assess genetic variation for seed yield and yield components, quantify interrelationships among them, and determine
direct and indirect effects of yield components on seed yield through path coefficient analysis to identify traits for indirect
selection of seed yield. Significant (P ≤ 0.01) variation existed among the 11 populations over locations for percent seed set and 100-seed weight. Seed yield/plant
and the seed yield components panicle number/plant, spikelet number/panicle, and seed number/panicle had significant (P ≤ 0.05) population × location interactions, indicating substantial environmental influence on these traits for these populations.
Accordingly, data for these traits were analyzed separately for each location revealing significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among populations at both locations for each of these traits. Phenotypic correlation between seed yield/plant
and seed number/panicle was positive (r = 0.76** at Chickasha and r = 0.72** at Perkins). Path coefficient analyses revealed that seed number/panicle had the highest positive direct effect
on seed yield at both locations. Ample genetic variability was present among the switchgrass populations studied to allow
breeding improvement of seed yield. Selection for increased seed number/panicle would be the most effective means of indirectly
selecting for higher seed yield within this germplasm. Correlation and path coefficient analyses among biomass yield, seed
yield, and harvest index indicated that, at least within the switchgrass germplasm studied, it would be possible to breed
switchgrass cultivars with enhanced biomass yielding ability and sufficient seed production capability for their commercial
propagation. 相似文献
14.
A.H. Marshall T.P.T. Michaelson-Yeates M.T. Abberton A. Williams H.G. Powell 《Euphytica》2002,126(2):195-201
Interspecific hybridisation with Trifolium nigrescens Viv. is a possible strategy to improve the reproductive potential of white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Following the development of a fertile F1 hybrid, three generations of backcrossing have been carried out usingT. repens as the recurrent parent. Vegetative characteristics, stolon growth and seed yield components of the backcross (BC) 2 and
3 generations, as well as the parental species were measured on spaced plants grown in the field. Leaf size and plant spread
of the BC2 and BC3 generations were less than T. repens but there was no difference in plant fresh weight. Numbers of inflorescences per plant and florets per inflorescence of the
backcrosses were greater than T. repens however this was not reflected indifferences in seed yield per plant asT. repens had more seeds per floret and per plant than the backcrosses. Differences in stolon length, the proportion of flowering nodes
and the pattern of axillary bud development were observed between T. repens and the backcrosses. Significant variation among the BC 3 generation for vegetative and reproductive traits was observed.
Individual plants among the BC 3 generation were identified that combine high forage yield, substantial inflorescence production
and good fertility, and these will form the basis of further selection.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
Berseem clover Trifolium alexandrinum L. is an annual forage legume commonly grown in pure stands and in grass mixtures in the Medi-terranean basin. Six populations were naturally cross-pollinated in 1990 and 1991 by a half-sib breeding method. In 1992 and 1993. 54 half-sib maternal plants, six original populations, and six advanced populations were field evaluated for forage (short cycle, harvest made at seven or eight inlernodes: long cycle, harvested at flowering) and seed yield (no forage harvest) in experiments at the Forage Crop Institute at Foggia, Italy (typical Mediterranean location). Genetic variability, narrow-sense herilability, genetic and phenotypic correlations among forage and seed yield component trails were investigated. The genetic variance in dry matter among maternal half-sib populations in short cycle was 51% greater than in long cycle. Narrow-sense heritabilily was 35% higher in short cycle than long cycle for dry matter and 26% higher for seed weight than seed yield. The magnitude of the genetic variance components and genetic correlations suggested that selection among plants of maternal half-sib populations would be more effective for improving dry matter in short than in long cycle harvests. The selection applied in the study was not effective for increasing seed yield per se however, the trait may be increased by selecting indirectly for seed weight. 相似文献
16.
25个饲草高粱恢复系主要农艺性状及其抗旱性的相关分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
为了在饲草高粱抗旱育种研究中,对现有饲草高粱种质进行抗旱性研究,选择产量高和稳产性好的同时,对其他性状的选择提供了科学依据和种质材料。对25份饲草高粱恢复系材料,采用对饲草高粱抗旱种质同时在水、旱地种植,对其进行抗旱性鉴定,并调查、计算比较出9个性状值水旱地之间的差异。结果表明,以生物产量作为最主要的指标,水旱地之间差值最大达到84700.00 kg/hm2,最小为6600.00 kg/hm2,旱地平均减产42259.20 kg/hm2。计算出8个性状值的抗旱系数和抗旱指数,生物产量抗旱系数范围0.4167~0.9603,抗旱指数范围0.2483~1.5084,为选择抗旱品种提供了科学依据。估算出在水、旱地中,生物产量分别和7个性状值之间的遗传相关系数：旱地中,生物产量与生育期、株高、茎粗、分蘖数等4个性状呈正相关,遗传相关系数为0.1576~0.5956,生物产量与穗长、穗宽和千粒重3个性状呈负相关,遗传相关系数为-0.2563~-0.0870;水地中,生物产量与生育期、株高、茎粗、分蘖数等4个性状呈正相关,遗传相关系数为0.1288~0.3984,生物产量与穗长、穗宽和千粒重3个性状呈负相关,遗传相关系数为-0.4485~-0.0098。通过试验研究得出以上数据,体现了在水旱地中生物产量与7个性状的关联性。 相似文献
17.
We determined the effect of N fertilization on dry matter (DM) yield, predicted milk yield, and forage quality of fresh (green chopped) and ensiled forage of two brown midrib (BMR) hybrids, a leafy hybrid, and a conventional silage hybrid. Increasing N rates from 0 to 200 kg ha?1 increased corn grain, stover and whole plant DM yield and milk yield. The forage yield and quality response to N was similar for all hybrids. Nitrogen fertilization increased forage crude protein (CP) concentration but had little effect on other forage quality components. BMR hybrids, F377 and F657, had the lowest grain, stover and whole plant yield but had the highest digestibility and predicted milk yield Mg?1 of forage. Predicted milk yield ha?1 was similar for the BMR, leafy and conventional hybrids. Ensiling reduced starch concentration compared with green chopped forage, but effects on other forage quality variables were less consistent. Hybrid and N fertilization affects were similar for green chopped and ensiled corn forage. 相似文献
18.
Salt Stress Delayed Flowering and Reduced Reproductive Success of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), A Response Associated with Na+ Accumulation in Leaves 
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下载免费PDF全文 R. Pushpavalli J. Quealy T. D. Colmer N. C. Turner K. H. M. Siddique M. V. Rao V. Vadez 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2016,202(2):125-138
Salinity is known to reduce chickpea yields in several regions of the world. Although ion toxicity associated with salinity leads to yield reductions in a number of other crops, its role in reducing yields in chickpea growing in saline soils is unclear. The purpose of this study was to (i) identify the phenological and yield parameters associated with salt stress tolerance and sensitivity in chickpea and (ii) identify any pattern of tissue ion accumulation that could relate to salt tolerance of chickpea exposed to saline soil in an outdoor pot experiment. Fourteen genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were used to study yield parameters, of which eight were selected for ion analysis after being grown in soil treated with 0 and 80 mm NaCl. Salinity delayed flowering and the delay was greater in sensitive than tolerant genotypes under salt stress. Filled pod and seed numbers, but not seed size, were associated with seed yield in saline conditions, suggesting that salinity impaired reproductive success more in sensitive than tolerant lines. Of the various tissues measured for concentrations of Cl?, Na+ and K+, higher seed yields in saline conditions were positively correlated with higher K+ concentration in seeds at the mid‐filling stage (R2 = 0.55), a higher K+/Na+ ratio in the laminae of fully expanded young leaves (R2 = 0.50), a lower Na+ concentration in old green leaves (R2 = 0.50) and a higher Cl? concentration in mature seeds. The delay in flowering was associated with higher concentrations of Na+ in the laminae of fully expanded young leaves (R2 = 0.61) and old green leaves (R2 = 0.51). We conclude that although none of the ions appeared to have any toxic effect, Na+ accumulation in leaves was associated with delayed flowering that in turn could have played a role in the lower reproductive success in the sensitive lines. 相似文献
19.
R. Shabana S. A. Shrief A. F. Ibrahim G. Geisler 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1990,165(2-3):138-143
The inter-relationships between fifteen quantitative characters of spring oilseed rape were computed using four "free erucic acid" cultivars viz. Callypso, Semit 2080, Semu DNK 203/84 and Semu 304 , grown under two different distances between drill rows (16 and 32 cm) and three population densities (30, 60 and 90 plants/m2 ). The experiments were carried out in Kiel, West Germany, in 1986 and 1987 seasons.
Positive and highly significant values were obtained in the two seasons between seed yield per plant and the characters: dry matter (DM) per plant, per main stem and per branches, number of branches, siliqua per plant or per branches and yield per branches. All the characters that showed strong association with yield/plant behaved in a similar way and similar magnitudes with yield/branches. By contrast, yield/main stem showed different magnitudes in the two years with the previous characters and the association was weak or absent in most cases.
Seed index and the quality traits (oil and protein %) did not correlate significantly with the majority of the characters studied. Only the association between DM/main stem and protein content showed highly significant negative values in both seasons.
Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of siliqua per plant had the highest direct effect on seed yield/plant in both years. The source character (DM) affected yield/plant indirectly through number of siliqua per plant and the indirect contribution was high m both years. 相似文献
Positive and highly significant values were obtained in the two seasons between seed yield per plant and the characters: dry matter (DM) per plant, per main stem and per branches, number of branches, siliqua per plant or per branches and yield per branches. All the characters that showed strong association with yield/plant behaved in a similar way and similar magnitudes with yield/branches. By contrast, yield/main stem showed different magnitudes in the two years with the previous characters and the association was weak or absent in most cases.
Seed index and the quality traits (oil and protein %) did not correlate significantly with the majority of the characters studied. Only the association between DM/main stem and protein content showed highly significant negative values in both seasons.
Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of siliqua per plant had the highest direct effect on seed yield/plant in both years. The source character (DM) affected yield/plant indirectly through number of siliqua per plant and the indirect contribution was high m both years. 相似文献
20.
P. Annicchiarico 《Plant Breeding》1997,116(2):192-194
High persistence and seed yield are important targets in white clover breeding but their assessment is expensive. The efficiency of indirect selection for these traits performed on characters recorded during a medium-term dry matter (DM) yield evaluation was verified for large leaved populations in separate experiments for medium-term (three-year) and long-term (fourth and fifth year) DM yield (Trial 1) and seed yield (Trial 2). The best results were provided by stolon density observed at the end of the third cropping year for prediction of long-term yield, and by the product of number of heads times number of florets per head assessed prior to mowing in Trial 1 for prediction of seed yield in Trial 2. Indirect selection was about as efficient as direct selection in these cases. Predictions of persistence from three-year or third year DM yield, and seed yield from single seed yield components in Trial 1 were less accurate. 相似文献