共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
发酵床猪舍的环境管理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用有机素材的自然发酵床进行养猪试验,监测补充锯末及停止养猪两种情况下的发酵床温度变化,剖析发酵床的特点。结果显示,补充锯末有利于发酵进行,床温升高了6~11℃;停止养猪53 d后,床温下降了16℃;持续30℃的低温发酵。镇江市某猪舍,PM10浓度为(0.392 4±0.020 4)mg/m3,氨气浓度为(0.892 5±0.085 2)mg/m3。粪便干物质铜含量为(350.0±35.1)mg/kg,3年床的垫料中铜含量为(379.8±2.6)mg/kg,而1年床的上层垫料铜含量为(226.2±12.7)mg/kg,中层为(214.3±12.9)mg/kg。饲料低铜、粪便及其水分调整管理至关重要。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(4)
为了研究木薯叶乙醇提取物(cassava leaf ethanolic extracts, CE)对文昌鸡生产性能及血清抗氧化性能的影响,试验选取5周龄体重相近的文昌鸡432只,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只(公母各半),分为常温对照组[NC组,(25±2)℃]、热应激对照组[HS组,(38±3)℃]、热应激1,2,3组[CE200组、CE400组、CE600组,(38±3)℃]及热应激阳性对照组[VC400组,(38±3)℃],NC组及HS组分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,其余4组试验组分别饲喂添加了200 mg/kg、400 mg/kg、600 mg/kg的CE及400 mg/kg维生素C的基础日粮,试验期为28 d,测定试验鸡的生产性能及抗氧化指标。结果表明:热应激显著降低文昌鸡的生产性能,添加400 mg/kg、600 mg/kg CE及400 mg/kg维生素C可以使热应激下文昌鸡总增重分别较HS组显著上升6.95%、11.39%及13.31%;添加200～600 mg/kg CE试验鸡平均日采食量(ADFI)分别较HS组显著上升4.13%、5.23%、8.82%;但添加CE对料重比无显著影响。添加CE可降低热应激下文昌鸡血清皮质酮及丙二醛(MDA)含量,增加血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活性,提高血清总抗氧化能力。说明热应激会影响文昌鸡的生产性能及抗氧化性能,饲粮中添加200～600 mg/kg CE能够缓解热应激对试验鸡的负面影响,其中以600 mg/kg添加效果最佳。 相似文献
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家蚕雄蛾活性肽增强小鼠抗疲劳能力的试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用制种交配后的家蚕雄蛾制备蛋白活性肽,通过小鼠负重游泳存活时间及血乳酸、血尿素氮、肝糖元等指标的测定,研究家蚕雄蛾活性肽增强小鼠抗疲劳能力的功效。结果表明,家蚕雄蛾活性肽对小鼠体重和基本表现状态无显著影响(P>0.05),但对小鼠具有明显的增强运动耐力和抗疲劳能力,中、高剂量组小鼠负重游泳存活时间分别为(744.0±233.9)s、(816.6±270.4)s,比对照组(482.3±136.6)s显著延长(P<0.01);中、高剂量组小鼠的生化指标中,血尿素氮浓度分别为(8.54±0.42)mmol/L、(9.04±0.81)mmol/L,比游泳对照组的(10.34±0.64)mmol/L显著降低(P<0.05、P<0.01),肝糖元质量比分别为(7.91±0.65)mg/g、(7.82±0.73)mg/g,比游泳对照组的(5.85±0.60)mg/g显著增加(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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氟苯尼考静注及肌注在鸡体内药代动力学研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
健康AA肉鸡 36只 ,随机分成 4组 ,以 15mg/kg和 30mg/kg两种剂量静注、肌注分别给予氟苯尼考。用高压液相色谱法测定血浆中的药物浓度 ,采用 3p97药代动力学程序软件处理药 时数据。静注药 时数据符合二室开放模型 ,主要药代动力学参数 :15mg/kg剂量组Vd(ss) 1 5 7± 0 16L/kg ,T1/2α43 96± 12 2 7min、T1/2 β16 8 18±45 2 4min、CL(s) 0 0 17± 0 0 0 30L/ (kg·min)、AUC886 40± 146 5 3(μg/ml)·min ;30mg/kg剂量组Vd(ss) 1 42±0 2 3L/kg ,T1/2α41 48± 8 6 4min、T1/2 β180 80± 74 97min、CL (s) 0 0 17± 0 0 0 2 9L/ (kg·min)、AUC176 7 15±2 6 8 2 3(μg/ml)·min。肌注药 时数据符合一室开放模型 ,主要药代动力学参数 :15mg/kg剂量组T1/2 (ka) 10 2 5±9 19min、T1/2 (ke) 15 2 41± 73 0 9min、C(max) 3 5 0± 1 13μg/ml、AUC837 88± 16 0 85 (μg/ml)·min、F94 5 3% ;30mg/kg剂量组T1/2 (ka) 11 97± 7 5 9min、T1/2 (ke) 15 2 41± 73 0 9min、C(max) 6 79± 1 38μg/ml、AUC172 5 2 9±35 7 98(μg/ml)·min、F97 6 3%。实验结果表明 :氟苯尼考在鸡体内吸收好 ,分布快 ,消除也快。静注、肌注后曲线下面积AUC与剂量呈比例关系 ,各参数无剂量依赖性。 相似文献
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热应激对荷斯坦奶牛血清酶活力及其行为的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本次试验对处于热应激期的夏季和非应激期的秋季各15头荷斯坦奶牛的血清酶活力及其行为进行了检测和观察。结果表明:夏季热应激期血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活力(卡门氏单位/mL)13.5±1.42,乳酸脱氨酶(LDH)的活力(U/L)10 903.8±476.05,尿素氮的含量(g/L),显著高于秋季的4.3±0.35,10 358.6±611.43,117.4±18.00;夏季碱性磷酸酶(AKP)(金氏单位/100 mL)5.7±0.59,总蛋白的含量(g/L)43.2±4.05,显著低于秋季的7.7±0.75,62.8±4.03;夏季奶牛的卧息时间(min)253.7±29.08,每口饲料咀嚼时间(s)14.9±1.16和每口饲料咀嚼次数(16.9±1.51)次,显著高于秋季的(120.6±11.90)min、(9.9±0.56)s和(11.9±0.59)次。而秋季奶牛的站立时间(min)249.3±21.89,显著高于夏季的站立时间(min)136.2±24.12。 相似文献
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选择 30只腹部手术的山羊随机分成 2组 ,每组 1 5例。行硬膜外穿刺后 ,分别注入 2 %利多卡因 8mg/kg和 0 75 %的布吡卡因 2mg/kg ,观察利多卡因、布吡卡因对山羊的阻滞效果。结果表明 :利多卡因、布吡卡因硬膜外阻滞起效时间分别为 (3 3± 1 5)min、 (1 5 5± 4 5)min ;感觉阻滞上界固定时间为 (1 2 0± 1 5)min、 (2 9 2± 8 6)min ;阻滞平面维持时间为 (72 5± 1 0 4)min、 (1 58 0± 2 5 4)min ;阻滞的最高平面为T 9 0± 1 3、T 8 0± 2 1 (T为胸椎 )。肌肉松弛均良好 相似文献
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为研究冷热应激对神经内分泌系统的影响,试验随机选用30只雌性ICR小鼠,构建慢性冷热应激模型,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清中的皮质酮、肾上腺素及生长激素含量,并测量应激前后小鼠体重。结果显示,与对照组相比,冷热应激组小鼠体重显著降低(P<0.05);冷热应激组小鼠皮质酮与肾上腺素含量极显著升高(P<0.01),冷热应激组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。冷热应激组小鼠血清中生长激素(GH)浓度极显著降低(P<0.01),且冷应激组GH浓度极显著低于热应激组(P<0.01)。结果说明,冷热应激激活机体下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺皮质系统和交感神经—肾上腺髓质系统,致使其分泌更多的皮质酮与肾上腺素来调节并完成对应激的适应,较好地维持内环境的相对稳定,且冷热应激可抑制生长激素的分泌,影响小鼠的生长发育。 相似文献
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《山东畜牧兽医》2015,(7)
研究热应激条件下,卵巢中谷胱甘肽(GSH)、ATP酶、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量的变化,从而评定热应激对雌性动物卵巢的损伤程度。试验将雌鼠分为6个处理组:37℃1h、37℃2h、39℃1h、39℃2h、41℃1h、41℃2h,连续7d进行热应激,测定小鼠卵巢GSH、ATP、LDH的含量。结果表明:热应激后,小鼠卵巢中GSH、ATP酶含量在37℃2h时开始下降,随着温度的升高和时间的延长这两种酶的含量呈减少的趋势。LDH含量在39℃开始升高,且随着应激强度增强而增多。从而说明卵巢开始出现损伤是从37℃(2h)开始,随着热应激温度升高和时间的延长,卵巢的受损伤程度升高。 相似文献
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在连续口服番泻叶复制小鼠脾虚模型的基础上,给予小鼠冷、热刺激,探讨冷热应激对脾虚小鼠的影响。36只雄性小鼠(ICR)随机分为6组(n=6),即空白对照组(Con)、番泻叶组(S)、冷应激组(C)、番泻叶+冷应激组(SC)、冷应激+热应激组(CH)和番泻叶+热应激+冷应激组(SCH)。处理条件：S组、SC组和SCH组自由饮用番泻叶水煎液(60 g/L),Con组、C组和CH组饮用无菌水;C组和SC组每天10:00～17:00冷应激(20±2℃);CH组和SCH组每天10:00～10:30和14:00～14:30热应激(35±2℃),10:30～14:00和14:30～17:00冷应激(20±2℃);Con组和S组室温(25±2℃)饲养;冷、热应激期间禁食禁水,持续6周后,采集血液、脾、肝、肾和肠组织,进行相关检测。相较于Con组,SCH组体温、体重、采食量和脾脏指数均显著降低(P<0.01);腹泻指数显著升高(P<0.01),ALT、AST含量显著升高(P<0.01);血清中IL-6含量显著升高(P<0.01),IgG含量显著降低(P<0.05)。HE染色结... 相似文献
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J.H. Fourie G.J. Redelinghuys D.P.J. Opperman 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2013,30(4):20-24
Abstract Changes in basal cover and botanical composition were recorded at four stocking rates, both under continuous and rotational grazing in the Northern Cape. The experiment was conducted with cattle. Results suggested that heavier stocking rates could be applied under rotational grazing than under continuous grazing without veld deterioration occuring. After four seasons, botanical composition deteriorated only under continuous grazing. Plant basal cover decreased significantly at the heavy stocking rates, both under rotational and continuous grazing. This result illustrates the danger of grazing strategies based on an injudicious increase in stock numbers. Basal cover was found to be a better indicator of trends in veld condition than botanical composition, despite annual fluctuations resulting from rainfall variability. Changes in the botanical composition apparently occur only where veld deterioration is more advanced. 相似文献
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气象条件对天山北坡中山带牧草生长发育及产量形成的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用1987～1990年乌鲁木齐牧业气象试验站天然牧草生育期和产量与气温、降水、日照时数观测资料,分析了气象条件对天然牧草生长及产量的影响,结果表明:不同品种牧草春季返青的温度指标不同,喜凉牧草为-1～-2℃,喜温牧草为4.6℃;黄枯期温度指标为6.3～9.1℃;热量条件可满足牧草生长发育及产量形成的需要;干草重与气象条件的相关性比鲜草重与气象条件的相关性好,不同要素中,降水量的相关性最好,积温居中,日照时数最差;用积温、降水量及日照时数可预测天然草场牧草干草重。 相似文献
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通过对胸膜肺炎放线杆菌在液体培养基中不同培养条件下（静止培养、摇床培养和发酵培养）的比较试验得出静止培养细菌最高浓度为1×109个/ml,所需时间为18 h;摇床培养细菌最高浓度为3.7×109个/ml,所需时间为13 h;发酵罐通氧气（20%）培养细菌最高浓度为4.5×109个/ml,所需时间为4 h;发酵罐不通氧气培养细菌最高浓度为2.0×109个/ml,所需时间为4 h。由此得出胸膜肺炎放线杆菌在液体培养基中随着培养条件的不同其菌液浓度以及完成对数期的时间也不同,发酵（通氧气）培养菌液浓度高于其它培养方式且所需时间最短,这一结果为胸膜肺炎放线杆菌抗原的大批量生产奠定了很好的基础。 相似文献
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Abstract In a grazing trial conducted at the Dohne Agricultural Research Station, natural grassland was grazed continuously for 36 years with cattle. In a second investigation conducted on similar grassland, paddocks were grazed or rested, in all combinations of the four seasons of the year, over a ten year period. Changes in botanical composition and cover of the sward were monitored at regular intervals. The results of these investigations indicate that under a regime of non‐selective grazing the composition of Dohne Sourveld is remarkably stable. After 36 years of continuous grazing the species composition of the sward was largely maintained. Floristically Dohne Sourveld is dominated by a small number of grass species of which Andropogon appendiculatus, Elionurus muticus, Heteropogon contortus, Sporobolus africanus, Themeda triandra and Tristachya leucothrix are the most important. These species react differently to under‐utilization or increasingly severe defoliation, enabling them to be classified into decreaser or increaser categories. Severe defoliation resulted in a marked decrease in basal cover but only small changes in relative species composition. As the intensity of defoliation increases, decrease in grass cover is associated with an increase of forbs, such as Senecio retrorsus. 相似文献
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Angela Gimmel Sabine Öfner Annette Liesegang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(Z2):24-28
In the veterinary profession, the body condition score (BCS) plays an important role in the assessment of patients. It is a subjective, tactile method of evaluating body fat and muscle mass and is used in numerous species. Recognizing obesity (or the contrary, emaciation) is important for veterinarians treating reptiles and could be facilitated by a BCS. An existing form of body condition assessment already used is the body condition index (BCI), where the residuals from a regression of body mass on body length are calculated. Therefore, the goal of this study was to provide practitioners with a BCS system for corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) and to test it against the BCI. A total of 22 corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus), stationed at the “Auffangstation für Reptilien” in Munich (reptile rescue centre, RRC), were subject of this study. Each had the following measurements taken: body weight (BW), snout–tail tip length (STL), snout–vent length (SVL) and circumference in the middle (C). Manual palpation of spine, area between vertebral spinous and transverse process, ribs and neck of each snake was performed by three veterinarians and assigned to specific scores by each examiner. A BCS (mean of examiners’ scores) was given to each snake according to manual palpation. The BCS system was chosen to be out of 5 in 0.5-point steps with 2.5 considered as ideal BCS. In the studied snakes, the BCS ranged from 1.5 to 3.5, with a median of 2.5. The median BW was 309 g (75–967 g), the median STL was 123 cm (79–153 cm), the median SVL was 104 cm (73–133 cm) and the median C was 7.5 cm (4.3–11 cm). BCS and BCI were positively correlated. A BCS includes a manual palpation of the animal and thus gives the examiner additional information to the objectively measured/calculated index. 相似文献
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A. Van Niekerk M.B. Hardy B.D. Mappledoram S.F. Lesch 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2013,30(2):18-21
Abstract The Highland Sourveld of Natal is an important beef producing area. Although it covers only 13% of the total area of the province, it supports 18% of the beef cattle population. The performance of cows and their calves stocked at four stocking rates on Highland Sourveld was studied. Two stocking rates were duplicated to test the benefit of an energy lick against a mineral lick. The effect of stocking rate on the veld was monitored in terms of compositional change. Stocking rate significantly affected cow performance and consequently calf performance. An energy lick supplement, as opposed to a mineral lick supplement, was beneficial at the 1,0 LSU/ha stocking rate, but not at the 1,67 LSU/ha stocking rate. The composition of the veld in the low to moderately stocked treatments changed relatively little, over the recording period, whilst the very high stocking rate treatments showed a rapid delcine in veld composition score. 相似文献
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A. G. Kongsted K. Horsted J. E. Hermansen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):76-83
Abstract The nutritional contributions from free-range foraging, growth, feed conversion and behaviour were investigated in 36 growing pigs foraging on Jerusalem artichokes (JA) and fed concentrates restrictedly (30% of energy recommendations) or ad libitum. Compared to the ad libitum fed pigs, the pigs fed restrictedly had a significant lower daily gain (560 vs. 1224 g pig?1), improved feed conversion ratio (17.6 vs. 42.8 MJ ME concentrate kg?1 live weight gain) and spent more time foraging JA tubers (7.9 vs. 1.1%). It is estimated that pigs fed restrictedly found approximately 60% of their energy requirement from foraging in the range. 相似文献