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1.
The established calculation of ruminal extent of degradation using the polyester bag method overestimates extent. The wash fraction, at least in part, is subject to losses from the rumen due to passage. Four formulae are proposed to minimize this risk of overestimation. Four options are considered: 1) passage losses for particulate matter escaping from the bag at zero time are according to the particulate fractional passage rate, 2) the liquid rate, and 3) the average of the two, and additionally 4) there is no instantly degradable fraction. The established and proposed formulae were examined using polyester bag data for six forages: grass silage, fresh ryegrass, fresh white clover, alfalfa hay, mixed grasses hay, and hay from a permanent mountain meadow. The established formula gave appreciably higher estimates of extent of degradation in all cases. Overestimation was at least 6.9, 4.9, 2.9, 2.1, 2.4, and 4.5%, respectively, for the six forages.  相似文献   

2.
Five steam-flaked sorghum grain (SFSG) samples with bulk densities of 476, 412, 347, 309 and 283 g/liter made by adjusting tension between mill rollers and three reconstituted sorghum grain (RSG) samples with reconstitution times of 10, 20 and 30 d and a control sample were analyzed for gas production kinetics (rumen liquor fermentation) and enzymatic glucose release (amyloglucosidase). Protein degradation was estimated from 6-h gas production and residual ammonia in the liquid. Gas production followed first-order kinetics (r2 greater than .98; P less than .01) and was used to describe rate and extent of digestion kinetics. Rate of gas production increased as processing degree increased. The magnitude of increase in gas production, however, was much less for RSG than for SFSG. Linear relationships were observed between enzymatic glucose release and the gas production rate constant k as well as gas production at 4,6 and 8 h (r2 greater than .98; P less than .01). Protein degradation decreased with processing degree of SFSG but increased with reconstitution time. A technique based on 6-h gas production and residual ammonia in the liquid is proposed to estimate both ruminal starch availability and ruminal protein degradability for processed sorghum grain.  相似文献   

3.
An automatic in vitro gas production technique was evaluated for predicting in vivo fiber (NDF) digestibility and effective first-order digestion rate of potentially digestible NDF (pdNDF) of 15 grass silages. Observed in vivo NDF digestibility of the silages harvested at different stages of maturity during 3 yr was determined by the total fecal collection in sheep fed at the maintenance level of intake. Isolated grass silage NDF was incubated for 72 h in the presence of rumen fluid and buffer to determine the pdNDF digestion kinetics based on cumulative gas production profiles. The digestion kinetic parameters were estimated by a 2-pool Gompertz function. The estimated parameter values were then used in a 2-compartment mechanistic rumen model to predict the in vivo digestibility of pdNDF. A total compartmental mean residence time of 50 h was used in the model, and a further assumption of the distribution of the residence time between the rumen nonescapable and escapable pools in a ratio of 0.4:0.6 was made. To make a distinction between potentially digestible and indigestible NDF, the potential extent of NDF digestion was determined by a 12-d ruminal in situ incubation. The model-predicted in vivo NDF digestibility accurately and precisely (root mean square error = 0.013 units, R(2) = 0.99). Effective first-order digestion rate was estimated from the predicted pdNDF digestibility, and the values were compared with those calculated from the in vivo pdNDF digestibility using the same passage kinetic parameters. The predicted effective first-order digestion rate was strongly correlated with digestion rate estimates derived from in vivo data (root mean square error = 0.006/h, R(2) = 0.86). It can be concluded that a simple first-order digestion rate can be estimated from a complicated gas production kinetic model including 6 parameters. This rate constant can be used in continuous steady-state dynamic mechanistic rumen models predicting the nutrient supply to the host animal.  相似文献   

4.
Wheat and potato are rich in starch but their starches differ in their rate of ruminal degradation. Kinetics of in sacco disappearance and profiles of ruminal fermentation were studied for these two concentrates in total mixed rations based on grass silage or corn silage. Wheat starch was more rapidly (34%/h) degraded by rumen microorganisms than potato starch (5%/h). The differences in starch degradation in sacco were found again in the VFA concentrations, mainly in grass silage-based diets. Overall ruminal pH, total VFA concentration, and proportions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate are more variable for wheat during the kinetic (amplitude and quickness) than for potato in grass silage-based diets. In these diets, risks of acidosis were more elevated with wheat than with potato but the VFA concentrations were also higher. These differences of fermentation profile were so reduced in corn silage-based diets that, in this case, wheat can be substituted by potato without any effect on digestion and no risk of acidosis.  相似文献   

5.
Methods for the chemical analysis of toxic plant substances in the rumen of ruminants are of importance for the diagnosis of intoxications with poisonous plants. The present work establishes a method to estimate monoterpene components of the essential oil of thuja (Thuja orientalis, Cupressaceae) in these types of samples. Alpha-thujone, which is regarded as the toxic principle, is present at a concentration of 50-60% in the essential oil. The rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) was used to simulate natural digestion. Chopped twigs of thuja were subjected to rumen content in a closed container with an overflow device. The flow of saliva was simulated by the continuous addition of a buffer solution. Samples for analysis were taken from the overflow at 24 and 48 h. A further sample was taken from the remaining liquid fraction of the rumen content in the container at 48 h. The essential oils were extracted with hexane and concentrated. A quantitative determination was done by capillary gas chromatography. Together in the three fractions analysed this resulted in total mean recoveries of 6.8% for alpha-thujone, 5.3% for beta-thujone, 18.9% for fenchone and 27.8% for camphor. The observation that the thujones were recovered to a lesser extent than other oil components is evidence of their fast decomposition in the rumen medium. Under these circumstances the calculated detection limit is 100-200 g thuja twigs in cows with rumen volumes of 60-100 litres. The main essential oil degradation products found in the rumen fluid of all three fractions in the Rusitec system were discovered to be iso-3-thujanol, neo-3-thujanol, carvomenthol and carvomenthone.  相似文献   

6.
Prediction of the supply of glycogenic precursors to dairy cows and the site of degradation of wheat, maize and potato starch (PS) were determined in an in vivo experiment and the results were compared with data obtained from experiments involving in situ nylon bag and in vitro gas production techniques. In a Latin square design experiment four lactating dairy cows fitted with a rumen cannula and T-piece cannulae in the duodenum and terminal ileum, received either a low-starch control diet or diets in which sugar beet pulp in the concentrate mixture had been replaced by wheat, maize or PS. Starch from the different sources was almost completely degraded in the total gastrointestinal tract. For all starches, the rumen was the main site of degradation in vivo. No digestion of PS in the small intestine was observed. In situ results suggested that 14% of wheat starch (WS), 47% of maize starch and 34% of PS escaped rumen fermentation. According to the gas production technique WS ferments quickest and potato slowest. PS had a low degradability during the first 8 (gas production) to 11 (in situ) h. However, according to both in vitro and in vivo measurements rumen degradability of PS was high. The results suggest that in situ and in vitro techniques should be performed in animals that have adapted to starch source to provide a more accurate simulation of the in vivo situation.  相似文献   

7.
This study evaluated the effects of Quebracho tannin extract (QTE) on in vitro ruminal fermentation, chemical composition of rumen microbes, ruminal degradation and intestinal digestibility of crude protein (iCPd). Three treatments were tested, the control (basal diet without QTE), the basal diet with 15 g QTE/kg dry matter (DM) and the basal diet with 30 g QTE/kg DM. The basal diet contained (g/kg DM): 339 grass silage, 317 maize silage and 344 concentrate. In vitro gas production kinetic was determined using the Hohenheim gas test (Experiment 1). The Ankom RF technique, a batch system with automatic gas pressure recordings, was used to determine in vitro production of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) and ammonia–nitrogen concentration (NH3‐N), as well as nitrogen and purine bases content in liquid‐associated microbes (LAM) and in a residue of undegraded feed and solid‐associated microbes (Feed+SAM) (Experiment 2). Ruminal degradation and iCPd were determined using the nylon bag technique and the mobile nylon bag technique, respectively (Experiment 3). Gas production (Experiment 1), total SCFA and NH3‐N (Experiment 2) decreased with increasing QTE levels. Microbial mass and composition of LAM were not affected by QTE, but total mass of Feed+SAM linearly increased, likely due to decreased substrate degradation with increasing QTE levels. The total amount of N in microbial mass and undegraded feed after the in vitro incubation increased with increasing QTE levels, suggesting a potential greater N flow from the rumen to the duodenum. In contrast to in vivo studies with the same QTE, no effects were detected on ruminal effective degradability and iCPd, when using the nylon bag techniques. Based on the in vitro procedures, QTE increased the supply of N post‐rumen; however, some evidence of a decreased fibre degradation were also observed. Therefore, the benefit of adding QTE to diets of cattle is still questionable.  相似文献   

8.
Recently obtained information on applications of the unique degradation ratio system (DRS) as an alternative method for feed evaluation and diet formulation is reviewed, in relation to optimum rumen fermentation and nutrient utilization and availability. The DRS ratio values show the balance between potentially microbial protein synthesis from rumen degradable crude protein and that potentially from the energy extracted during anaerobic fermentation in the rumen. In modeling feed evaluation and diet formulation, the degradation ratios can be used in assisting to detect effects of feed processing and optimize the composition of ruminant diets. Unfortunately, few researchers provide such crucial ratio data when they studied rumen degradation characteristics of a feed or diet mainly due to lack of knowledge of the DRS system. The emphasis of this article is on: (i) systematic introduction of the DRS system; and (ii) prediction the optimal rumen fermentation using the DRS system. The information described in this article may give better insight into the principal, computation and applications of the DRS system for feed and diet evaluation. A focus of the article is on evaluation of the DRS system as an alternative new approach to establishment of a feed evaluation system that more accurately accounts for feed digestive processes in the ruminant on a quantitative basis.  相似文献   

9.
Different nonlinear models were evaluated as candidates to describe ruminal degradation kinetics of forages from data obtained by the incubation of the feeds in the rumen using polyester bags. Nine models were used: segmented model with three straight lines (Mod0); simple Mitscherlich or exponential (Mod1); inverse polynomial (Mod2); compartmental model with two exponential terms (Mod3); generalized Mitscherlich (Mod4); generalized Michaelis-Menten (Mod5); logistic (Mod6); Gompertz (Mod7); and generalized Von Bertalanffy (Mod8). All these models can be represented in the general form D = W + S0 x phi(t), where D is in situ disappearance at incubation time t, W and S0 are positive scalars, and phi is a positive monotonically increasing function unique to each of the models studied. Based on first principles, a general formula for calculating the extent of degradation of feeds in the rumen has been derived that is applicable to all the models. The disappearance curves of different feed components (DM, N, and NDF) of 87 Mediterranean forages (i.e., a total of 261 curves) were fitted to all the models. A comparative study was carried out based on the mathematical, statistical, and biological characteristics of the models. Flexible models that can accommodate both diminishing returns and sigmoidal behavior were more appropriate in describing the curves. A discrete-lag parameter was introduced into Mod0, Mod1, and Mod2 to describe the initial stage of the disappearance curve, and this parameter considerably improved the fit of experimental data. Based on statistical criteria, models Mod1, Mod4, Mod5, and Mod8 were better than the others for most statistical tests and disappearance curves, but differences among these four models were not consistent. The estimates of degradation parameters to quantify the rate (half-life, fractional degradation rate), and extent (undegradable fraction, effective degradability) of ruminal degradation of feeds were also used as a means to discriminate between models, although in most cases all of the models gave similar values of the degradation parameters. In particular, when the extent of degradation was calculated for each forage and feed component, differences between the estimates obtained with the different models were of little nutritional significance for the animal.  相似文献   

10.
Experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of the adaptation of rumen micro-organisms on the degradation of native potato starch (PS) in the rumen. Cows were fed with rations used for gas production (GP) analysis (dry cows, 1.6% starch) and for the nylon bag (NB) technique (lactating cows, 23% starch, mainly maize starch) and a ration containing 19% native PS (lactating cows). Fermentation characteristics of 13 samples were investigated with the GP technique using rumen fluid from cows fed each of the three rations. The same samples were investigated with the NB technique in the cows obtaining the NB ration and the PS ration. The results showed that the rate of GP was influenced by the source of the rumen fluid. The fermentation rate of PS was considerably enhanced by using rumen fluid adapted to the fermentation of native PS instead of using the other rumen fluids. Incubating in cows fed the PS ration, the rate of PS degradation determined with the NB technique, was higher compared with cows fed other rations. Using the PS ration the observed lag period for PS was shorter. The results show a clear influence of ration on the degradation characteristics of starch, determined with both the GP technique and the NB technique. However, these changes in behaviour did not explain observed differences in amounts of rumen escape PS measured in vivo in animal experiments and in situ, using the NB technique.  相似文献   

11.
The effect of a daily dose of 30 mg Monensin on rumen fermentation pattern and degradation of the crude protein fraction of soybean meal was investigated with sheep. Degradation parameters for soybean meal were measured by the nylon bag technique. Monensin increased propionic acid percentages in the rumen, with a concomitant decrease in acetic- and butyric acid proportions, thus confirming earlier work. Ammonia N concentration in the rumen was also lowered, indicating an inhibitory effect on rumen protein breakdown. However, no effect on degradation rate, degradability and effective degradability (only with one sheep) could be observed. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed. Amino acid analysis on the residues in incubated bags revealed slight changes in amino acid composition, but these changes were considered to be nutritionally unimportant.  相似文献   

12.
试验选同一玉米品种、地块,分别制作全株玉米青贮、玉米黄贮、玉米秸秆,利用尼龙袋试验研究其对肉牛瘤胃降解规律,为其在生产中有效利用提供依据。结果显示:全株玉米青贮干物质(DM)瘤胃快速降解部分a、慢速降解部分b、有效降解率(ERD)显著高于玉米秸秆(P<0.05);全株玉米青贮和玉米黄贮粗蛋白(CP)瘤胃快速降解部分a和ERD极显著高于玉米秸秆(P<0.01),慢速降解部分b极显著低于玉米秸秆(P<0.01);全株玉米青贮和玉米黄贮中性洗涤纤维(NDF)瘤胃快速降解部分a和ERD极显著高于玉米秸秆(P<0.01),慢速降解部分b无显著差异(P>0.05);全株玉米青贮酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)瘤胃快速降解部分a、ERD和玉米黄贮相比差异不显著(P>0.05),慢速降解部分b极显著高于玉米黄贮(P<0.01);各个时间点DM、CP降解率以全株玉米青贮最高,玉米秸秆最低;全株玉米青贮、玉米黄贮和玉米秸秆的NDF、ADF降解率随时间不同呈现不同差异。  相似文献   

13.
This work aimed to parameterize the ruminal degradation of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) from low-quality tropical forage using Michaelis–Menten kinetics. The intake, rumen outflow (L), fractional degradation rate (kd), discrete lag (LAG) and effective degradability (ED) of NDF, and the microbial flow of nitrogenous compounds into the small intestine (Nmic) were assessed in two 5 ×  5 Latin square experiments by using five Holstein × Zebu heifers cannulated in the rumen. The experiments were carried out sequentially and the treatments were formed by increasing the level of supplementation with nitrogenous compounds. A low-quality signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) hay was used as roughage. The nitrogen supplement was a mixture of urea, ammonium sulfate and albumin, at the ratios of 4.5:0.5:1.0, respectively. The crude protein contents in the diets ranged from 51.9 to 136.3 g/kg of dry matter. The rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN) concentration was used as an independent variable. The NDF intake, L and Nmic showed a quadratic pattern (P < 0.05) as a function of RAN concentration, and the critical points (maximum responses) were observed with 15.17, 16.28, and 14.52 mg of RAN/dL of rumen fluid, respectively. On the other hand, ED and LAG presented a linear-response-plateau (P < 0.05) according to the RAN concentration, with break points close to 8 mg/dL for ED (maximum estimate) and LAG (minimum estimate). The RAN concentrations to optimize NDF degradation and intake were defined as 8 and 15 mg/dL, respectively. This difference between estimates appears to be due to a better adequacy of the metabolizable protein:metabolizable energy ratio in the animal metabolism, which increases the animal intake even after the rumen NDF degradation has been optimized. This observation was supported by Nmic pattern. An adapted Michaelis–Menten model was applied to the data, where RAN was the independent variable and kd the dependent variable. The relationship between these variables was found to be significant by using the Hanes–Woolf plot (P < 0.01). Based on this model, the rate of NDF degradation as a function of RAN concentration indicates that fibre degradation in the rumen could be considered a second order process. In this context, the RAN concentration of 8 mg/dL was assumed as the limit where zero order (below limit) and first order (above limit) reactions become predominant for NDF degradation in the rumen.  相似文献   

14.
The relationship between dry matter (DM) degradation and crude protein (CP) degradation in the dairy cow's rumen was determined with a view to defining the protein value of feeds for ruminants. The nylon bag technique was applied for these studies. For all the feeds investigate (green fodder and preserves from cocks-foot, ryegrass, alfalfa/grass and meadow grass, as well as alfalfa, extracted soybean meal) a significantly positive relationship was found to exist between the levels of DM and CP degradation (r = 0.73 to 1.0). The regression coefficient b1 (CP degradation as regressor) was found to average 0.87. The positive relationship between DM degradation and CP degradation implies that microbial protein amount and unfermented feed protein at the duodenum are negatively correlated. Model calculations show that, on account of the compensation between microbial protein and feed protein at the duodenum, in feeds with a CP concentration below 200 g/kg DM, the extent of ruminal protein degradation does not exert a marked influence on duodenal protein passage. The partial calculation of the duodenal protein supply on the basis of undegraded feed protein and microbial protein, as practiced in the new models of protein evaluation, leads to systematic errors unless the relationship between DM degradation and CP degradation is considered.  相似文献   

15.
The aflatoxin B1 degrading abilities of two different ruminants were compared in this study. One set of experiments evaluated the aflatoxin B1 degradation ability of different rumen fluid donors (steers vs. goats) as well as the rumen fluid filtration method (cheese cloth filtered vs. 0.45 µm Millipore) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Additional studies examined aflatoxin B1 degradation by collecting rumen fluid at different times (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h) after feeding. Cannulated Holstein steers (740 ± 10 kg bw) and Korean native goats (26 ± 3 kg bw) were fed a 60% timothy and 40% commercial diet with free access to water. Rumen fluid from Korean native goats demonstrated higher (p < 0.01) aflatoxin B1 degradability than Holstein steers. However, filtration method had no significant influence on degradability. In addition, aflatoxin degradation did not depend upon rumen fluid collection time after feeding, as no significant differences were observed. Finally, a comparison of two types of diet high in roughage found aflatoxin degradability in goats was higher with timothy hay opposed to rice straw, although individual variation existed. Thus, our findings showed the aflatoxin degradability is comparatively higher in goats compared to steers.  相似文献   

16.
Barleys, a major source of feed, are all coarsely dry‐rolled before feeding beef and dairy cattle in North America. The shapes of coarsely dry‐rolled barley particles are not round but very irregular. The model for geometric mean is not suitable for determining irregular barley particle size. In a previous study, we tested four different published models to determine the mean and median particle sizes of coarsely dry‐rolled barley with irregular particle size shapes and found that the Pond’s model with 0 mm = 100% was the best model to compute mean and median particle sizes of the coarsely dry‐rolled barley samples expressed as per cent cumulative weight oversize. However, we still did not know which parameter, median or mean particle size, was the best indicator to predict rumen nutrient degradation and availability. This information is badly needed. The objective of this study was to study the relationship between the mean and median irregular particle sizes and nutrient availability of various barley varieties which were coarsely dry‐rolled. The results revealed a stronger correlation between the median irregular particle size (not mean particle size) and the rate (Kd) and extent (ED) of rumen degradation of dry matter (Kd: R = ?0.78, p = 0.065; EDDM: R = ?0.89, p = 0.016), starch (Kd: R = ?0.96, p = 0.003; EDST: R = ?0.95, p = 0.003) and crude protein (Kd: R = ?0.59, p = 0.215; EDCP: R = ?0.89, p = 0.019). In conclusion, it is the median but not mean particle size that has stronger correlation with rumen degradation kinetics. The 79.9%, 78.3% and 91.0% of variation of effective degradability of dry matter, crude protein and starch, respectively, could be explained by the median irregular particle size.  相似文献   

17.
采用体外瘤胃发酵试验结合动态产气实时记录技术,分析了添加植酸酶对瘤胃微生物降解和利用糠麸饲料的功效。试验采集3头健康泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃液,以稻糠、玉米麸和麦麸为底物,测定对照组和加酶组(5 U/g植酸酶)发酵72 h的累积产气量、发酵动力学参数和和瘤胃发酵特性指标。结果表明,添加5 U/g植酸酶并不能显著影响稻糠、玉米麸和麦麸的体外干物质消化率、培养液中氨态氮浓度以及发酵的产气量(72 h累积产气量和理论最大产气量)(P>0.050 0),但却能显著降低发酵的产气速率及达到最大产气量1/2时的产气速率(P<0.050 0),显著提高培养液总挥发性脂肪酸浓度(P<0.050 0),总挥发性脂肪酸浓度增幅由高至低依次为麦麸(4.2%)、稻糠(3.3%)和玉米麸(1.7%),除可显著提高异丁酸含量(P<0.050 0)外,对乙酸、丙酸、丁酸等主要挥发性脂肪酸的含量的影响不显著(P>0.050 0)。总之,稻糠、玉米麸和麦麸间体外瘤胃发酵特性存在差异,添加植酸酶可在一定程度上促进瘤胃微生物发酵释放出更多的挥发性脂肪酸,提高瘤胃微生物对饲料中能量物质的发酵利用效率。  相似文献   

18.
[方法]选用装有瘤胃瘘管和小肠瘘管的肉牛作为试验动物,尼龙袋法测定肉牛常见饲料干物质(DM)和粗蛋白(CP)的瘤胃降解特性和小肠消化率。[结果]结果表明,DM瘤胃有效降解率由高到低为玉米粉、麦麸、苜蓿干草、豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米青贮、醋糟、白酒糟;CP瘤胃有效降解率由高到低为苜蓿干草、麦麸、豆粕、醋糟、玉米粉、玉米青贮、菜籽粕、白酒糟;DM小肠消化率由高到低为豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米粉、白酒糟、醋糟、麦麸、苜蓿干草、玉米青贮;CP小肠消化率由高到低为豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米粉、苜蓿干草、麦麸、白酒糟、玉米青贮、醋糟。[结论]试验表明,不同饲料瘤胃降解特性不同,为小肠提供过瘤胃可消化蛋白的能力不同,且饲料的DM小肠消化率小于CP小肠消化率。  相似文献   

19.
瘤胃纤维分解菌多纤维素酶体及其类似物的研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
反刍动物瘤胃微生物能够有效地降解粗饲料,瘤胃细菌特别是纤维分解菌在此过程发挥了特别重要的作用。近年来的研究表明,只有与饲料颗粒相黏附的细菌才直接负责纤维物质的降解,可见黏附是瘤胃细菌降解纤维物质的关键步骤。多纤维素酶体是某些厌氧细菌和真菌产生的、能使微生物细胞与纤维物质发生黏附并高效降解纤维物质的多酶复合体。本文综述了多纤维素酶体的分子结构、瘤胃中主要纤维分解菌的多纤维素酶体及其类似物等方面的研究进展。  相似文献   

20.
饲用油菜的营养成分分析及其在山羊瘤胃降解特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本研究旨在通过化学分析和瘤胃瘘管山羊动物模型研究饲用油菜的营养成分、瘤胃降解特性,为饲用油菜饲喂反刍动物提供营养参数。试验测定华油杂62油菜盛花期及结荚初期植株营养成分含量,并用3只装有永久瘤胃瘘管的波尔山羊测定饲用油菜的瘤胃降解率。结果表明:1)盛花期饲用油菜的粗蛋白质和总氨基酸含量分别达到17.30%、11.48%,显著高于结荚初期(P<0.05);两个生长期饲用油菜的粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。盛花期植株中硫甙含量为10.17 μmol·g-1、单宁含量为0.94%,均高于结荚初期。2)盛花期、结荚初期饲用油菜中干物质、粗蛋白质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率随消化时间的延长均逐渐升高;盛花期饲用油菜粗蛋白质的瘤胃降解率在72 h时达到84.70%;干物质的瘤胃降解率在0~24 h快速升高,48 h后稳定在67%左右;中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率上升速度较慢,72 h时分别为48.22%和45.78%。结荚初期饲用油菜中干物质和有机物的瘤胃降解率在0~72 h均低于同时间点的盛花期。3)盛花期、结荚初期饲用油菜植株中各营养成分之间快速降解部分差异显著(P<0.05),粗蛋白质快速降解部分均为最高,分别达到64.06%和68.81%;粗蛋白质有效降解率显著高于其他营养成分(P<0.05),分别达到76.50%和75.13%。结论盛花期和结荚初期饲用油菜的主要营养成分含量和瘤胃降解率均较高,盛花期饲用油菜更易被山羊瘤胃消化。  相似文献   

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