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《热带农业科技》2020,(1)
以澳洲坚果‘HAES344’和‘HAES788’为试验材料,在果实成熟期喷施不同浓度(1.4 g/L、1.8 g/L和2.2 g/L)的乙烯利溶液,分析乙烯利对落果和落叶的影响。结果表明,‘HAES344’和‘HAES788’喷施乙烯利溶液后的落果率、落叶量均显著高于CK,落叶量随乙烯利浓度的升高而增加,落果率在4-6周随乙烯利浓度的升高而逐渐增加。其中,‘HAES344’在1-3周喷施浓度为1.8 g/L和2.2 g/L的落果率显著高于1.4 g/L;‘HAES788’在1-3周喷施2.2 g/L的落果率显著高于1.8 g/L和1.4 g/L,说明澳洲坚果不同品种对乙烯利的敏感性不同。应用本方法可以节约成本,提高采收效率。 相似文献
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观赏凤梨催花栽培试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文章对4个观赏凤梨常规品种进行不同催花剂、不同乙烯利浓度、不同处理温度的催花试验及基质对植株生长影响的试验。结果表明：乙烯利对凤梨催花效果显著,开花株率最高,花穗高度短;催花处理时的平均温度越高,诱导花芽发育的时间越短;各品种对乙烯利不同浓度的催花表现不同,在500,600,700mg／L浓度范围。彩苞凤梨开花率随乙烯利浓度的升高而降低,大红星凤梨、擎天凤梨和虎尾凤梨的开花率则随乙烯利浓度的升高而增高。基质以树皮80％＋松林下表土20％栽培效果最佳。 相似文献
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以铁兰属3种空气凤梨Tillandsia bergeri,Tillandsia stricta和Tillandsia montana为试验材料,叶面喷施外源乙 烯利、萘乙酸和赤霉素以促进其开花,结果表明:乙烯利对3种供试凤梨催花作用明显,花序长度和小花数均以100mg/L乙烯利处理为最高,但随着乙烯利质量浓度的继续增加,花序长度和小花数水平降低;在本试验条件下,对T.bergeri,T.stricta和T.montana,乙烯利催花最适质量浓度分别为400,200,400 mg/L. 相似文献
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<正> 一、施用时期和浓度对吸收,乙烯积累和落叶的影响园艺上为了得到中间产物乙烯,对乙烯利进行了广泛的应用与研究。在绝大多数研究中,证实了乙烯利的作用和活性同乙烯类似,但不具备乙烯所特有的分子结构。油橄榄上为了促进果实成熟和机械化采收,广泛地应用乙烯利作脱落剂使果枝松动。 相似文献
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以15-20年生普通金花茶（CamelliaSect．ChysanthaChang）为试材,采用单因素试验设计研究不同浓度乙烯利对金花茶植株生长及成花效应的影响。结果表明：当乙烯利喷施浓度为1．25mg／L时,金花茶的茎粗和花蕾长宽具有促进作用,当喷施量2．50mg／L时则产生抑制作用。喷施乙烯利溶液对新稍抽发量具有显著的抑制作用。乙烯利对金花茶成花具有显著促进作用,试验中喷施浓度为2．50mg／L时效果最佳,单株平均花蕾数达120朵;乙烯利对1年生金花茶枝条成花促进作用,1年生枝条〉2年生枝条〉3年生枝条。综上,生产上可以喷施浓度为1．25mg／L乙烯利溶液,如要提高浓度需经过试验。 相似文献
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[目的]为了解不同浓度乙烯利对降香黄檀心材形成和精油成分的影响。[方法]以胸径6～8 cm降香黄檀为研究对象,采用树干注射的方法,研究不同乙烯利浓度(CK、0.1%、0.5%、2.5%)对降香黄檀淀粉和可溶性糖、基本材性、组织化学、精油成分的影响。[结果]表明:不同浓度乙烯利处理边材和变色边材的可溶性糖含量差异明显,变色边材的含糖量均明显低于边材;各处理边材的淀粉含量均显著高于CK, 0.5%处理的变色边材中的淀粉含量最高,且显著高于其他处理。0.5%处理的生材密度最大,为1.036 g·cm~(-3);绝对含水率、相对含水均为2.5%处理的最高;不同浓度乙烯利处理显著提高了变色边材的百分比和变色边材形成率。组织化学结果显示,各处理边材中均含有大量淀粉,变色边材中基本没有;变色边材中观测到大量脂类、酸性脂类和酚醛类物质,而未在边材中出现。变色边材出油率随乙烯利浓度的增加逐渐升高,0.1%、0.5%、2.5%分别比CK增加了52.28%、121.54%、128.54%。在检测到的12种共有心材成分中最主要的为橙花叔醇,各处理的橙花叔醇含量顺序为:CK0.1%2.5%0.5%;甜没药萜醇A含量最高的为2.5%,比CK升高了36.59%;α-金合欢烯和紫檀素均为0.1%处理的含量最高。[结论]综合分析各乙烯利处理对降香黄檀可溶性糖、基本材性、组织化学、精油成分和含量的影响, 2.5%处理更有利于促进降香黄檀心材的形成。 相似文献
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本文阐述了NAA诱导乙烯产生和乙烯利促进插穗生根效果的研究结果。在NAA浓度为10～500ppm范围内处理毛白杨嫩枝插穗,明显促进乙烯释放。在10～100ppmNAA处理中,乙烯释放量随浓度加大而增加,到500ppmNAA则略有下降。NAA处理结束后到乙烯释放之间,有一停滞期,约2～4h。试验证明,将插穗切成小块,增加伤口数量,不能明显引起乙烯释放量增加。乙烯可促进硬枝茎插穗上的潜伏根原基萌发,加速不定根的产生。 相似文献
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银杏叶用园建园材料选择的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对来自浙江、河南、山东、江苏等银杏产地的１３个优良单株３年生银杏嫁接苗的叶产量、黄酮含量、黄酮的组成成份、内酯含量、内酯的组成成份及黄酮、内酯的年变化规律等进行了比较研究。结果表明,不同银杏优良单株间的叶产量、黄酮含量、内酸含量等存在显著差异;黄酮和内酯在叶中的含量以９￣１０月最高,银杏植株各器官中黄酮的含量以叶最高,茎最低;在总黄酮中,槲皮素所占比例最大,其次为山奈酚,最后为异鼠李素;内酯的组成成分中则以银杏内酯Ａ为最大,其次为白果内酯,最后为银杏内酯Ｂ、银枵内酯Ｃ;根据叶产量、黄酮产量、内酯产量等指标,将１３个银杏叶用优良单株分成３类：优－Ｅ４,中等－Ｅ１、Ｅ２、Ｅ５、Ｅ６,差－Ｅ３、Ｅ７、Ｅ８、Ｅ１０、Ｗ２、Ｗ３、Ｗ４、Ｗ５,即优良单株Ｅ４是采叶园最后的建园材料,Ｅ１、Ｅ２、Ｅ５、Ｅ６等次之。 相似文献
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银杏不同家系和无性系叶片黄酮与内酯含量变异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该试验以银杏20个半同胞家系和19个无性系为材料,对其叶片黄酮与内酯含量、光合速率、PAL活性及主枝生长量进行测定,同时对它们的广义遗传力及相互关系进行了研究,结果表明:不同家系和无性系间的银杏叶黄酮和内酯含量有显著的差异.家系叶片黄酮和内酯含量的广义遗传力为0.42和0.53,无性系叶片黄酮和内酯含量的广义遗传力为0.80和0.65,无性系叶片黄酮和内酯含量的广义遗传力显著高于家系.不同家系间和无性系间的银杏叶光合速率、PAL活性、相对生长量有显著差异,也具有较高的遗传力.叶用银杏家系黄酮含量、无性系黄酮含量的大小与叶片光合速率、PAL活性、相对生长量有显著的相关性,相关系数分别达0.76、0.58、0.61和0.69、0.78、0.95. 相似文献
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Biology and chemistry of Ginkgo biloba 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ginkgo biloba has been existing on earth since 200 million years and is considered as a "living fossil". It is among the most sold medicinal plants in the world. A number of secondary metabolites representing terpenoids, polyphenols, allyl phenols, organic acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids and lipids, inorganic salts and amino acids have been isolated from the plant. However, the main bioactive constituents are terpene trilactones and flavonoid glycosides which are considered responsible for the pharmacological activities of its standardized leaf extract. Scattered information is available on the extraction and analysis of these pharmacologically important constituents which have been compiled in the present review. 相似文献
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Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in many physiological processes in plants. Nitric oxide generation and flavonoid accumulation are two early reactions of plants to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation. However, the source of UV-B-triggered NO generation and the role of NO in UV-B-induced flavonoid accumulation are not fully understood. In order to evaluate the origin of UV-B-triggered NO generation, we examined the responses of nitrate reductase (NR) activity and the expression levels of NIA1 and NIA2 genes in leaves of Betula pendula Roth (silver birch) seedlings to UV-B irradiation. The data show that UV-B irradiation stimulates NR activity and induces up-regulation of NIA1 but does not affect NIA2 expression during UV-B-triggered NO generation. Pretreatment of the leaves with NR inhibitors tungstate (TUN) and glutamine (Gln) abolishes not only UV-B-triggered NR activities but also UV-B-induced NO generation. Furthermore, application of TUN and Gln suppresses UV-B-induced flavonoid production in the leaves and the suppression of NR inhibitors on UV-B-induced flavonoid production can be reversed by NO via its donor sodium nitroprusside. Together, the data indicate that NIA1 in the leaves of silver birch seedlings is sensitive to UV-B and the UV-B-induced up-regulation of NIA1 may lead to enhancement of NR activity. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that NR is involved in UV-B-triggered NO generation and NR-mediated NO generation is essential for UV-B-induced flavonoid accumulation in silver birch leaves. 相似文献
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Three-year-old seedlings of Pinus pinea L. were inoculated near the stem base with one of two Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. sensu stricto (s.s.) strains belonging to two populations: the North American P-group (NAm-P) and the European P-group (Eur-P). The NAm-P strain caused smaller H. annosum stem lesions than the Eur-P strain. Three weeks after the stem inoculations with H. annosum, apical shoots were inoculated with Diplodia pinea (Desmaz.) J. Kick. Basal stem infection with H. annosum resulted in D. pinea causing longer necrotic lesions in the shoots, indicating systemic induced susceptibility (SIS) to this shoot blight pathogen. Furthermore, stem induction with the NAm-P strain resulted in higher susceptibility to D. pinea than stem induction with the Eur-P strain. Total terpene accumulation was suppressed by about 50% in the shoots under attack by D. pinea when seedlings were induced with H. annosum. Total terpene concentration in shoots inoculated with D. pinea was negatively correlated with lesion size, both overall and by stem treatment. Stem base inoculation with H. annosum induced whole-plant changes in ter-pe-noid profiles, but these were not associated with the SIS phenotype. We discuss our findings on modulation of systemic response of P. pinea to fungal attack in the context of tripartite ecological interactions. 相似文献
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元宝枫叶含有黄酮、绿原酸等多种生物活性物质。以2年生元宝枫苗为试材,对其进行不同浓度的植物喷施灵肥液处理,测定叶内黄酮、绿原酸和叶绿素的含量,并进行了方差分析和多重比较。结果表明:不同浓度的植物喷施灵对元宝枫叶内生物活性物质含量的影响不同,以1.3 g/L植物喷施灵处理下的黄酮、绿原酸和叶绿素含量都比其他处理下的含量高,叶绿素含量在不同浓度的植物喷施灵处理下差异极显著,而黄酮、绿原酸含量均差异显著。 相似文献
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Ethylene concentrations were determined in gas samples extracted from sealed holes made in the sapwood and heartwood of stems of 70-100-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L). Gas could be collected from the heartwood holes by lowering the pressure by means of a large syringe. However, attempts to extract gas from air spaces in the sapwood with the same technique failed, presumably because of lack of an interconnected system of gas-filled canals. High ethylene concentrations, usually in excess of 1 ppm, accumulated in the sapwood holes within one day after sealing. Ethylene concentrations in the sapwood rose to 3-7 ppm during the growing season, and decreased to 0.1-0.3 ppm during the winter. In response to extreme drought, sapwood ethylene concentration increased to 30 ppm, followed by a rapid decrease after the onset of rain. Ethylene concentrations in gas samples from the heartwood were consistently lower than 1 ppm. The lowest values, about 0.1 ppm, were found during the autumn and early winter, whereas values around 0.5 ppm were typical from February to August. 相似文献
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Nine commercial brands of grapefruit juice were analyzed for their flavonoid content by HPLC to determine if significant brand-to-brand variance in grapefruit juice flavonoid content exists. Flavonoid glycosides narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, didymin, and poncirin have been identified in all the grapefruit juices examined. The aglycone quercetin was detected in only two brands. All the juices were free from methoxylated flavonoid aglycones. There was a significant difference in the amounts of total flavonoids and individual flavonoids in the nine brands. The concentration of total flavonoids ranged between 19.44 and 84.28 mg/100 ml juice. Naringin was found to be the major flavonoid followed by narirutin and hesperidin. Their concentrations ranged from 14.56 to 63.8; 2.25 to 12.20; and 0.24 to 3.12 mg/100 ml juice, respectively. 相似文献
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Cyclocarya paliurus is a valuable medicinal tree species in China. However, limited information is available on its genotype selection and cultivation for improvement of growth and health-promoting phytochemicals. To contribute to improved knowledge of the potential use of the species, 33 families of C. paliurus were assessed with respect to genotype on growth and flavonoid content in the leaves, and the relationship between growth and flavonoid accumulation was examined. Growth and flavonoid content varied significantly among different families, and isoquercitrin was the main component of the individual flavonoids, followed by kaempferol and quercetin. Both total and individual flavonoids showed seasonal variation, with the mean highest contents of quercetin and isoquercitrin in July but the highest kaempferol content in October. Correlation analysis showed that tree height and diameter at breast height of C. paliurus were negatively correlated with the contents of quercetin and kaempferol in the leaves, whereas no significant correlation between tree growth and total flavonoid content was detected. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on the parameters of tree growth and leaf flavonoid contents indicated that 33 families of C. paliurus were classified into four distinct groups. Results from this study are valuable for identifying superior families for a specific site and provide a basis for C. paliurus breeding strategies for flavonoid production. 相似文献