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1.
本试验选取年龄11~12周岁、体重(410±30)kg、胎次4~5胎,处于第3泌乳月的伊犁马30匹,随机分为6组,每组5匹马。采用两因子二次回归正交旋转组合设计,以日粮粗蛋白质和消化能为变量,研究泌乳后期伊犁母马饲喂不同粗蛋白质、消化能水平日粮对马驹生长发育和血液生化指标的影响。试验1~6组消化能和粗蛋白质日饲喂量分别为92 MJ/d、1.20 kg/d,125 MJ/d、1.20 kg/d,92 MJ/d、1.55 kg/d,107 MJ/d、1.35 kg/d,125 MJ/d、1.44 kg/d和115 MJ/d、1.55 kg/d。结果表明,母马饲喂不同营养水平日粮对4、5月龄马驹体重、体高、胸围和管围均无显著影响(P>0.05)。与试验2组(消化能125 MJ/d、粗蛋白质1.20 kg/d)相比,试验4组(消化能107 MJ/d、粗蛋白质1.35 kg/d)马驹4、5月龄时体长发育显著增加(P<0.05)。从血液生化指标来看,各组间马驹总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿素氮、肌酐及谷丙转氨酶水平均无显著差异(P>0.05),母马饲喂试验4组日粮后可明显提高马驹尿酸和谷草转氨酶水平。由此可知,伊犁母马泌乳后期粗蛋白质摄入1.35 kg/d、消化能摄入107 MJ/d时可明显提高马驹体长发育速度,日粮营养通过提高谷草转氨酶活性影响氮代谢。  相似文献   

2.
6 months old Yili foals were used as the experimental animal fed with different levels concentrate supplement to study the effects of fed with different levels concentrate supplement on digestion and metabolism,blood biochemical indexes and body weight gain by total feces and urine collection method,provide evidence for 6 months old Yili foals feeding.According to similar weight,20 weaned 6 months old Yili foals (all males) whose average weight was (145.28±1.69)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups named groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,each group of 5 weaned Yili foals(all males).All Yili foals were fed with alfalfa 4 kg/d,basised on this,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed with 0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0 kg/d concentrate supplement.20 d digestion and metabolism experiment,comprised 16 d adaptation and 4 d collection.The results showed that as the amount of concentrate supplement feeding increased,nutrition intake,amount of nutrient digestion of DM,OM,CP,Ca,DE,ME,retention rate of N,Ca increased.There were no significant effects on the content of TP,GLB,ALB,and BUN in plasma of 6 months old Yili foals(P > 0.05),but the content of TP,GLB in plasma showed an increased trend,the concentration of BUN in plasma showed a decreased trend.The ADG of 6 months old Yili foals was gradually increased as the amount of concentrate supplement feeding increased.Therefore,increasing amount of concentrate supplement feeding of 6 months old Yili foals could increase the nutrient intake,digestion rate and retention rate,also could strengthen the body's immune ability,improved nitrogen deposition and the average daily gain.  相似文献   

3.
本试验以6月龄伊犁马驹为试验动物,饲喂不同水平的精料补充料,通过全收粪、收尿法进行消化代谢试验,探究饲喂不同水平的精料补充料对6月龄伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标及体增重的影响,为6月龄伊犁马驹的科学饲喂提供依据。试验选用平均体重为(145.28±1.69) kg的6月龄断奶伊犁公马驹20匹,随机分为4组,每组5匹,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ组,各组每匹马每天饲喂4 kg苜蓿干草,在此基础上分别饲喂精料补充料0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 kg。进行20 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期16 d,正试期4 d。结果表明,随精料补充料饲喂水平的增加6月龄伊犁马马驹对营养物质的摄入量,干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、钙的消化量,以及消化能、代谢能、氮沉积率、钙沉积率均增加,对6月龄伊犁马马驹血浆中总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白及血液尿素氮含量均无显著影响(P > 0.05),但6月龄伊犁马马驹血液中球蛋白的含量有增加的趋势,血液中尿素氮的含量有降低的趋势;此外试验期内平均日增重随精料补充料饲喂水平的增加呈上升趋势。因此,增加6月龄伊犁马马驹精料补充料的饲喂水平可提高营养物质摄入量、消化率及沉积率,还可增强机体免疫能力、促进氮沉积并提高马驹的平均日增重。  相似文献   

4.
AIM: To measure the nutritive value of pasture in terms of digestible energy (DE) intake (DEI) and dry matter (DM) digestibility, and to determine the apparent absorption of macroelements in lactating Thoroughbred mares grazed on pasture. METHODS: DM intake (DMI) and DEI were determined from daily faecal DM output measured in grazing mares, divided by the DM indigestible fraction (1-digestible DM), measured in a digestibility trial using pasture-fed mares. Eight lactating mares and their foals, that had a mean age of 40 days, were grazed separately on 50x100 m areas of pasture and daily faecal DM outputs were recorded for 8 days. Five mares and their foals were then placed in individual bare 20x20 m corrals containing custom-made feeding stations for 14 days to determine the indigestible DM fraction. DM, gross energy content, crude protein (CP), soluble carbohydrate, acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), lipid, and macroelement composition of the pasture offered and faeces were determined and their digestibility and/or apparent absorption calculated. RESULTS: DM digestibility of the pasture was 0.6 and the DMI and DEI of a grazing 560 kg mare in early lactation nursing a foal growing at 1.34 kg/day was 13.6 (SE 0.8) kg/day and 146.9 (SE 8.4) MJ DE/day, respectively. Apparent absorptions of the macroelements measured were: Ca 0.75, P 0.43, Mg 0.63, Na 0.78, and K 0.72. CONCLUSIONS: Good quality ryegrass-white clover pasture that had a DE content of 10.8 MJ/kg DM, and a macroelement composition (g/kg) of Ca 3.33, P 3.0, Mg 1.67, Na 1.67, and K 24.2, will provide adequate DMI, DEI, and macroelement intake to lactating Thoroughbred mares.  相似文献   

5.
试验采用2因子4水平饱和D-最优回归设计以研究日粮粗蛋白和消化能对伊犁马泌乳后期产奶量、乳成分的影响,通过响应曲面回归分析获得伊犁马泌乳后期适宜粗蛋白和消化能的需要量.选取年龄11～12周岁、体重410 kg±30 kg、胎次4～5胎,处于第3泌乳月的伊犁马30匹,随机分为6个试验组,每组5个重复.单栏定量饲养,分别饲以6种不同DE和CP水平的日粮,试验期60 d.试验结果显示,随着粗蛋白和消化能摄入的增加,日估计产奶量逐渐增加,其中以日粮4组（CP 1 352 g/d,DE 25.5 Mcal/d）最大,为8 156 mL/d.日粮4组的乳脂率、乳蛋白率、锌、锰在各组中最高,分别为0.99％、1.77％、1.12 μg/mL和28.96 ng/mL,而体细胞数和磷最少,分别为10.60×10^3个/mL和0.32 mg/mL.乳糖、总固体物、钙和铜含量在各组间均无显著差异（P＞0.05）.日产奶量与粗蛋白和消化能的回归关系为：日产奶量（mL/d）=-1.052 1×10^5 ＋581.678 3×DE＋116.6012×CP-0.111 0×DE×CP-0.037 2×CP^2-1.958 5×DE^2 （P＜0.05）.研究结果提示：DE和CP日摄入量影响处于泌乳后期伊犁马的产奶量和乳成分,400 kg体重伊犁马泌乳后期DE和CP的适宜需要量分别为108.05MJl/d和1 419.32g/d.  相似文献   

6.
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of production of white veal with Holstein bull calves fed on the liquid milk replacer (containing mainly dairy products) feeding and the dry milk replacer (containing mainly plant diet, etc)feeding.20 healthy male calves with similar birth date and body weight were selected, and randomly divided into two groups (10 calves per group), for a period of 120 d white beef production fattening test.GroupⅠfed with milk replacer (commercial, 22% CP, 16% EE), groupⅡ fed with milk replacer (formulated, 22% CP, 16 MJ/kg DE).The results showed as follows:① 0 to 90 d ADG of group Ⅱ were higher than groupⅠ, 91 to 120 d ADG of group Ⅱ were significantly lower than groupⅠ (P< 0.05), but there were no significant differences in 0 to 120 d ADG and 120 d weight between two groups (P> 0.05).② There were no significant differences in the nutrient apparent digestibility of Holstein bull calves with different milk replacer and feeding methods (P> 0.05).③ Carcass weight, dressing percentage and eye muscle area of groupⅠcalves were significantly higher than those of group Ⅱ (P< 0.05), increased by 11.88%, 11.04% and 8.12%, respectively, but there was no significant difference in carcass meat production rate between two groups (P> 0.05).There was no significant differences in pH, shear force, cooking lose and meat color of longissimus between two groups (P> 0.05), but compared with group Ⅱ, the water lose rate of groupⅠincreased by 20.83% (P< 0.01).The content of EE of groupⅠwas significantly higher than group Ⅱ (P< 0.01), but there were no significant differences in the contents of moisture, CP, Ash, Ca, P and Fe of longissimus between two groups (P> 0.05).④Compared with groupⅠ, the feed cost of group Ⅱ was reduced by 45.38%.In summary, the growth performance and meat quality of two groups calves were similar, feeding cost was reduced significantly.  相似文献   

7.
为研究代乳粉(主要含乳类制品)液态饲喂和代乳料(主要含植物类饲料等)干喂对荷斯坦奶公犊生产犊牛白肉的影响,试验选用20头健康无病、体重和出生日期相近的荷斯坦奶公犊,随机分为2组,每组10头,进行了120 d的生长育肥试验。Ⅰ组饲喂市售的代乳粉(粗蛋白质22%,粗脂肪16%);Ⅱ组饲喂配制的代乳料(粗蛋白质22%,消化能16 MJ/kg)。结果表明:①Ⅱ组犊牛0~90 d平均日增重高于Ⅰ组犊牛,91~120 d平均日增重显著低于Ⅰ组犊牛(P< 0.05),但两组犊牛0~120 d平均日增重和试验末重均无显著差异(P> 0.05)。②不同代乳品及饲喂方式对奶公犊营养物质表观消化率均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。③Ⅰ组犊牛的胴体重、屠宰率和眼肌面积均显著高于Ⅱ组犊牛(P< 0.05),分别比Ⅱ组高11.88%、11.04%和8.12%,但两组间的胴体产肉率无显著差异(P> 0.05);两组犊牛背最长肌的pH、剪切力、蒸煮损失和肉色均无显著差异(P> 0.05),但Ⅰ组犊牛的失水率比Ⅱ组犊牛高20.83%(P< 0.01);Ⅰ组犊牛背最长肌中粗脂肪含量极显著高于Ⅱ组犊牛(P< 0.01),但两组犊牛背最长肌中水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分、钙、磷和铁的含量均无显著差异(P> 0.05)。④Ⅱ组犊牛的饲养成本比Ⅰ组降低45.38%。综上所述,饲喂代乳料的犊牛可获得与饲喂代乳粉犊牛相似的生长性能和肉品质,显著降低饲养成本。  相似文献   

8.
试验旨在探究断奶前马驹和母马粪便菌群多样性,为丰富此阶段马驹肠道菌群多样性提供依据。选取5匹5岁（2胎）、平均体重（453.34±54.23）kg、健康的纯血马母马,以及母马所生的5匹马驹,出生日期相近（±5 d）,平均体重（185.65±9.54）kg,3公2母。母马和马驹在相同环境下饲养,母马日粮组成及营养水平相同,马驹除哺乳外采食的粗饲料和精料补充料相同。马驹6月龄断奶,在断奶前1周用灭菌收粪袋采集母马和马驹的粪便样品。结果显示,母马粪便中菌群α多样性Chao1和ACE指数显著高于马驹（P < 0.05）,分别比马驹高18.94%和15.62%;母马与马驹共有的菌种数为1 399个,母马与马驹特有的菌种数分别为150和68个;在门水平,母马与马驹粪便中排在前十的菌分别是厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、广古菌门、疣微菌门、螺旋体菌门、Unidentified_Bacteria、纤维杆菌门和无壁菌门,母马粪便中厚壁菌门丰度显著高于马驹（P < 0.05）;拟杆菌门母马比马驹高33.93%,差异不显著（P > 0.05）。由此可见,母马粪便菌群多样性显著高于断奶前马驹;母马与断奶前马驹粪便主要菌是厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门,母马粪便中厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门丰度均高于断奶前马驹。  相似文献   

9.
Matua bromegrass hay (Bromus willdenowii Kunth) is a high quality forage, but its value for mares during gestation and lactation is not well known. Intake, rate of passage, performance, and reproduction by gestating and lactating Quarter Horse mares fed the hay was investigated. In this experiment, 12, 2- to 12-yr-old gravid mares (mean BW = 553 kg, SD = 36) were fed Matua hay (CP = 11.5%) or alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.) (CP = 15.4%) for variable days prepartum (mean 59.9 d; SD = 23.5) and for 70 d postpartum. Matua and alfalfa hay were fed as the roughage portion of the diet with a grain supplement. Mares, blocked by age, expected date of foaling, and BW, were assigned randomly within blocks to treatments (six mares per treatment). Forage type did not affect intake, gestation length, birth weight, number of foals, foal weight gain, day of first postpartum ovulation, cycles per conception, or pregnancy rate at 70 d. On d 1, milk from mares fed alfalfa hay contained less (P < 0.03) CP than milk from mares fed Matua hay. Milk CP decreased (P < 0.01) in all mares over time. In a separate experiment, voluntary intake and rate of passage of Matua (CP = 15.5%), alfalfa (CP = 24.9%), and Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) (CP = 4.1%) hays were determined in nine 2-yr-old pregnant mares (mean BW = 447 kg; SD = 21). Diets were 100% forage. Timothy hay did not meet CP requirements for mares. Voluntary intake of alfalfa hay was higher (P < 0.01) than Matua hay. Intake of Timothy hay was lower (P < 0.01) than the mean of alfalfa and Matua hay. Rate of passage offorage was measured by passage of Cr-mordanted fiber. Passage rate and retention time did not differ between Matua and alfalfa hay; however, the retention times of Matua and alfalfa hays were shorter (P < 0.01) than for Timothy hay. Our results indicate that Matua hay is a forage that can be used safely for mares during gestation and early lactation and for their young foals.  相似文献   

10.
６０只５月龄珍珠长毛兔随机配对分好两组进行对比饲养试验和消化代谢试验，结果表明，高水平组（ＰＥ１１．９０ＭＪ／ｋｇ，ＣＰ１８．７２％）与中水平组（ＰＥ１０．５２ＭＪ／ｋｇ，ＣＰ１６．１１％）相比，体增重、剪毛量分别提高２３．７３％和１０．４６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）料毛比降低９．９５％（Ｐ＜０．０１），养分消化率和氮利用率也呈提高趋势（Ｐ＞０．０５）。因此，为获得优异生产成绩，建议饲粮中ＰＥ应达１１．９０ＭＪ／ｋｇ以上，ＣＰ应达１８％以上  相似文献   

11.
Effects of four kinds of diets on nutrient digestion and metabolism and blood biochemical indexes of one-year-old Yili horse were studied in this experiment.16 health horses(all males) with an average body weight of (227.38±16.48)kg and similar age (one-year old) were used in a staging and grouping experiment design.First stage had groupsⅠ and Ⅱ,second stage had groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ.The horses of group Ⅰ were fed with alfalfa 8 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 0 kg/d; The horses of group Ⅱ were fed with alfalfa 7 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅲ were fed with alfalfa 6.3 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1.7 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅳ were fed with alfalfa 5.6 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 2.4 kg/d.Each stage lasted for 21 d (15 d pretrial period and 6 d trial period).The results showed that the digestibility of DM,OM,CP and P were increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,while the digestibility of NDF,ADF and Ca showed downtrend.DE and ME were significantly increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P > 0.05).N retention and retention rate showed an increasing tendency,N retention and retention rate of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were extremely significant higher than those in group Ⅰ (P < 0.01).Ca retention and retention rate decreased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,and Ca retention and retention rate of group Ⅰ were extremely significant higher than those in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P < 0.01).P retention was extremely significant increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P < 0.01).There were no significant difference in the content of TP among all trial groups (P > 0.05),but the content of BUN in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were lower than those in group Ⅰ (P > 0.05).Thus,comprehensive nutrient digestion and metabolism,blood biochemical indicators of four of kinds diets in one-year-old Yili horse,the requirement of crude protein,digestible protein,metabolizable energy,digestible energy were 14.28,9.16 g/(kg·BW) and 1.74,1.41 MJ/(kg·BW),respectively.  相似文献   

12.
4种日粮对1岁伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
试验旨在研究4种日粮对1岁伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标的影响。选用平均体重为(227.38± 16.48)kg的1岁伊犁马16匹,随机分为2组,每组8匹,采用分期分组的试验方法,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组。试验Ⅰ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草8 kg/d、颗粒精料0 kg/d;试验Ⅱ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草7 kg/d、颗粒精料1 kg/d;试验Ⅲ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草6.3 kg/d、颗粒精料1.7 kg/d;试验Ⅳ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草5.6 kg/d、颗粒精料2.4 kg/d。进行21 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期15 d,正试期6 d。结果表明,1岁伊犁马对干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、磷的消化率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加呈增长趋势,而中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙的消化率呈下降趋势;消化能、代谢能随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加呈增长趋势(P > 0.05);氮沉积量、氮沉积率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而增长,其中试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组氮沉积量、氮沉积率极显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P < 0.01);钙沉积量、钙沉积率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而降低,且试验Ⅰ组极显著高于试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P < 0.01);磷沉积量随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而极显著增加(P < 0.01);各组血浆中总蛋白含量差异不显著(P > 0.05),但试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血浆尿素氮含量均低于试验Ⅰ组(P > 0.05)。综合1岁伊犁马对4种日粮的消化代谢情况及血液生化指标,1岁伊犁马粗蛋白质适宜需要量为14.28 g/kg代谢体重,可消化蛋白适宜需要量为9.16 g/kg代谢体重,代谢能适宜需要量为1.74 MJ/kg代谢体重,消化能适宜需要量为1.41 MJ/kg代谢体重。  相似文献   

13.
皖南花猪泌乳力的研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
抽选２～９胎次的皖南花哺乳母猪６头,每头母猪带仔１０～１４头,有效乳头数７对。试验母猪日粮含ＤＥ１１．７２ＭＪ／ｋｇ和ＣＰ１２％,取日粮２．５～３．０千克,按１２与青绿多汁饲料混合打匀投喂。供试母猪自分娩开始,每５天进行一次泌乳量测定,直到产后泌乳５０天。利用线性模型校正不同胎次和带仔数的泌乳量,再采用一元高次方程进行泌乳曲线分析。结果表明,皖南花猪泌乳高峰期在分娩后的第１０～１５天,其间平均泌乳量为５．６６～５．９１ｋｇ／天,分娩后的第３５天泌乳量为３．７ｋｇ／天。不同乳头的泌乳量为第１、２和３号乳头最高,平均每个单乳头泌乳３８０～３８５ｇ／天,向后乳头的泌乳量呈下降趋势,第７号乳头泌乳量为３００．５ｇ／天。不同泌乳阶段表现出明显的节律性,泌乳曲线方程的拟合度均在０．９０以上。  相似文献   

14.
本试验旨在研究饲喂不同钙、磷水平饲粮对泌乳期伊犁马乳成分、乳脂脂肪酸组成及马驹生长发育、血浆生理生化指标的影响,为进一步探讨伊犁马钙、磷营养提供参考。选取年龄、体重和胎次接近的处于第2泌乳月末的伊犁马25匹,根据母马体重和马驹体重随机分为5组,每组5匹。5组马匹饲粮钙、磷水平分别设为45.0、30.0 g/d(Ⅰ组),48.5、32.0 g/d(Ⅱ组),52.0、34.0 g/d(Ⅲ组),55.5、36.0 g/d(Ⅳ组),59.0、38.0 g/d(Ⅴ组)。试验为期90 d,每30 d为1个试验周期。结果显示:饲粮钙、磷水平显著影响每次平均挤奶量及估计日产奶量(P0.05),对乳中乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率和乳总固形物含量无显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅲ组每次平均挤奶量分别比Ⅰ和Ⅳ组提高了20.65%(P0.05)和15.22%(P0.05),而Ⅲ组乳中钙含量比Ⅰ组低21.54%(P0.05)。不同钙、磷水平饲粮对乳脂中肉豆蔻脑酸(C14∶1)、棕榈油酸(C16∶1)、亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)、花生酸(C20∶0)、顺-11-二十碳烯酸(C20∶1)和α-亚麻酸(C18∶3n3)的含量均有显著影响(P0.05);随着饲粮钙、磷水平的增加,乳脂中饱和脂肪酸含量增加而不饱和脂肪酸含量下降。母马饲喂不同钙、磷水平饲粮对马驹体重、体长、体高和管围等生长发育指标以及血浆钙、磷、甲状旁腺素、骨钙素含量均无显著影响(P0.05),而胸围则随着饲粮钙、磷水平的增加有不同程度的下降。Ⅰ组马驹血浆降钙素含量显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P0.05),分别增加34.24%、24.89%和23.64%。由此得出,增加饲粮钙、磷水平可提高伊犁马的产奶量,但使乳中钙含量降低;饲粮钙、磷水平不影响乳成分,但增加乳脂中饱和脂肪酸的含量,减少不饱和脂肪酸的含量;由于乳中钙含量降低,导致马驹血浆降钙素含量下降、胸围发育较慢。  相似文献   

15.
本文旨在探讨饲粮营养［消化能（ＤＥ）＋粗蛋白质（ＣＰ）］水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生化指标及生殖激素的影响。选用平均体重为（４．７３±０．４２）ｋｇ的经产母獭兔 １００只,随机分成 ５组（每组 ２０个重复,每个重复 １只）,分别饲喂 １０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１８％ ＣＰ、１０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１６％ ＣＰ、１０．０ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１７％ ＣＰ、９．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１８％ ＣＰ、９．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１６％ ＣＰ的试验饲粮。试验从母兔配种开始至仔兔 ４５日龄结束。结果表明：饲粮营养水平除显著影响断奶窝重（Ｐ＝０．０３６５）外,对妊娠及泌乳獭兔其他繁殖性能指标无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;饲粮营养水平显著影响妊娠獭兔血清谷草转氨酶活性（Ｐ＝０．０４３９）以及胆固醇（Ｐ＝０．０４７８）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Ｐ＝０．０２５６）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量（Ｐ＝０．０２４８）;妊娠獭兔血清生殖激素未受饲粮营养水平的影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;饲粮营养水平显著影响泌乳獭兔血清总蛋白（Ｐ＝０．０３６９）、尿素氮（Ｐ＝０．０４７３）、胆固醇含量（Ｐ＝０．０２３２）;除血清促黄体生成素外,泌乳獭兔血清其他生殖激素均未受饲粮营养水平的影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。由此得出,饲粮ＣＰ水平在 １６％ ～１８％、ＤＥ水平在 ９．５～１０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇ范围内变动时,饲粮营养水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生殖激素基本无影响,但会影响部分血清生化指标。  相似文献   

16.
【目的】 研究芒柄花素对伊犁马1 000 m速度赛成绩、血气及抗氧化指标的影响，为伊犁马运动训练过程中营养补喂剂的研发提供参考依据。【方法】 试验选择平均体重(411 kg±29 kg)、平均年龄(2.0岁±0.50岁)、1 000 m速度赛成绩(135.24 s±15.75 s)相近并且健康状况良好的12匹伊犁马公马作为研究对象，随机分为对照组与试验组，每组6匹。在相同的饲养管理、饲粮营养水平及运动训练条件下，试验组每匹马每天补喂芒柄花素8 g，进行为期30 d的补喂试验。在试验第30天进行1 000 m速度赛，记录比赛成绩并在赛后即刻通过颈静脉采集血样，使用血气分析仪测定电解质水平、酸碱平衡及血气指标，使用试剂盒测定抗氧化指标。【结果】 补喂芒柄花素能够显著缩短伊犁马1 000 m速度赛比赛用时(P<0.05);对血浆中电解质水平、酸碱平衡及血气相关指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);在血浆抗氧化指标方面，补喂芒柄花素能够显著提高赛后马匹血浆中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和总抗氧化能力，分别比对照组提高了11.12%(P<0.05)、8.45%(P<0.05)和32.70%(P<0.05);而试验组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和丙二醛的含量分别比对照组降低1.56%和11.32%，但无显著差异(P>0.05)。【结论】 在本试验条件下，给伊犁马补喂芒柄花素能够显著提高1 000 m速度赛成绩，并提高其运动抗氧化能力。  相似文献   

17.
试验旨在研究不同营养水平日粮对海南黑山羊肥育羔羊生长性能和器官指数的影响。采用2×3析因设计,将24只3月龄、体重为(10.56±1.28)kg海南黑山羊随机分成6个处理组,每个处理组4只羊(公、母各半),每只羊为1个重复。6个不同营养水平精饲料处理组分别为:试验1组粗蛋白质(CP)水平为15%、消化能(DE)水平为11.72 MJ/kg,试验2组CP 15%、DE 12.55 MJ/kg,试验3组CP 15%、DE 13.39 MJ/kg,试验4组CP 17%、DE 11.72 MJ/kg,试验5组CP 17%、DE 12.55 MJ/kg,试验6组CP 17%、DE 13.39 MJ/kg,试验期90 d。结果表明,精饲料粗蛋白质水平对试验羊平均日增重影响显著(P<0.05),17% CP日粮组试验羊有较高的平均日增重(P<0.05)和较低的料重比(P<0.05);日粮精饲料蛋白质和能量水平对心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胃的脏器指数影响均不显著(P>0.05),随着精饲料消化能水平的增加,肠道的脏器指数逐渐减小(P<0.05)。结果提示,补饲不同营养水平精饲料对3月龄海南黑山羊育肥期羔羊平均日增重和料重比均有显著影响(P<0.05),对黑山羊肠道重量及肠道器官指数影响显著(P<0.05),而对其他内脏器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

18.
The Small-tail Han ewes with 3 years old, (48.7±2.0)kg body weight, carring the multi-lamb gene, were fed with the same diet, mating after one month.18 pregnant ewes were selected and divided into 3 groups(groups 1(control group), 2 and 3).From 90 days of pregnancy, groups 2 and 3 were supplemented with aerosol OT(800 mg/kg) and paraformaldehyde(300 mg/kg), respectively, and the experiments of digestion and metabolism were carried on from 121 to 130 days of pregnancy to study the effect of aerosol OT and paraformaldehyde supplements on the voluntary intake, digestion and metabolism, lambing of late-pregnant ewes.The results showed that when fed with aerosol OT, the voluntary intake of dry matter was increased by 13.0%(P<0.01);The amount of digestion of DM, OM, CP, cellulose and GE was increased by 12.4%(P<0.05), 14.4%(P<0.01), 23.2%(P<0.01), 15.2%(P>0.05) and 27.4%(P<0.01), respectively;The retention of N, Ca and P was increased by 31.1%(P<0.01), 48.5%(P<0.01) and 31.9%(P<0.01), respectively;The serum triglyceride and free fatty acid content tended to decrease;but the apparent digestibility of the dietary nutrients were not significantly affected(P>0.05);The loss of ewe postpartum weight was reduced by 61.9%(P<0.01), a nest of lamb weight was increased by 4.2%(P>0.05).In the condition of feeding paraformaldehyde, the voluntary intake of dry matter was increased by 12.6%(P<0.01);The amount of digestion of DM, OM, CP, cellulose and GE was increased by 15.4%(P<0.01), 16.2%(P<0.01), 22.4%(P<0.01), 14.2%(P>0.05) and 29.0%(P<0.01), respectively;The retention of N, Ca and P was increased by 33.5%(P<0.01), 48.9%(P<0.01) and 36.3%(P<0.01), respectively;But the apparent digestibility of the dietary nutrients were no significantly affected(P>0.05);The serum β-hydroxybutrate and free fatty acid content tended to decrease;The loss of ewe postpartum weight was reduced by 57.1%(P<0.01), a nest of lamb weight was increased by 11.1%(P<0.05).This study showed that by feeding aerosol OT or paraformaldehyde, the intake, digestibility of Ca, P and N could be improved in late-pregnant ewe, the body weight loss, body fat mobilization could be reduced, and the birth weight of litter could be increased.  相似文献   

19.
[目的]研究伊犁马和哈萨克马泌乳母马在不同泌乳月产奶量及乳成分的差异,为开发利用伊犁马和哈萨克马乳用特性提供参考。[方法]随机选择年龄和胎次相近、产驹时间接近、健康的伊犁母马和哈萨克母马各12匹,在日粮营养水平和饲养管理水平相同的条件下,记录2个品种母马在泌乳30、60、90 d的产奶量;采集乳样,测定2个品种母马不同泌乳时间的乳中体细胞数、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率和总固形物含量。[结果]泌乳30 d时,哈萨克马的产奶量高于伊犁马（P>0.05）,乳脂率极显著（P<0.01）高于伊犁马,乳中体细胞数显著（P<0.05）高于伊犁马,其他乳成分指标高于伊犁马（P>0.05）。泌乳60 d时,伊犁马的产奶量和乳糖率极显著（P<0.01）高于哈萨克马,乳脂率和乳蛋白率高于哈萨克马（P>0.05）,乳中体细胞数和总固形物含量低于哈萨克马（P>0.05）。泌乳90 d时,伊犁马的产奶量显著（P<0.05）高于哈萨克马,乳糖率、总固形物含量极显著（P<0.01）高于哈萨克马,乳脂率和乳体细胞数极显著（P<0.01）低于哈萨克马,乳蛋白率高于哈萨克马（P>0.05）。[结论]泌乳初期（30 d）,哈萨克马的产奶量和乳营养成分含量高于伊犁马;泌乳中期（60、90 d）,伊犁马的泌乳性能整体优于哈萨克马。在观察期内,哈萨克马的乳体细胞数大于伊犁马。  相似文献   

20.
在相同日粮条件下饲养3岁左右,体重(48.7±2.0)kg、具有多羔基因的小尾寒羊空怀母羊群,1个月后进行配种,从中选取18只妊娠母羊,随机分为3组(试验1(对照组)、2、3组),从妊娠90 d起,给试验2、3组分别添喂气溶胶OT(800mg/kg)和多聚甲醛(300mg/kg),并在妊娠第121~130天进行消化代谢试验,以研究添喂气溶胶OT和多聚甲醛对妊娠后期母羊自由采食量、消化代谢和产羔等的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,添喂气溶胶OT绵羊的干物质自由采食量增加13.0%(P<0.01);干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、纤维素和总能的消化量分别增加12.4%(P<0.05)、14.4%(P<0.01)、23.2%(P<0.01)、15.2%(P>0.05)和27.4%(P<0.01);氮、钙和磷保留分别增加31.1%(P<0.01)、48.5%(P<0.01)和31.9%(P<0.01);血清甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸含量趋于降低;但日粮养分消化率无显著变化(P>0.05);母羊体重下降减少61.9%(P<0.01),羔羊出生窝重增加4.2%(P>0.05)。添喂多聚甲醛,绵羊的干物质自由采食量增加12.6%(P<0.01);干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、纤维素和总能的消化量分别增加15.4%(P<0.01)、16.2%(P<0.01)、22.4%(P<0.01)、14.2%(P>0.05)和29.0%(P<0.01);氮、钙和磷保留分别增加33.5%(P<0.01)、48.9%(P<0.01)和36.3%(P<0.01);而日粮消化率无显著变化(P>0.05);母羊血清β-羟丁酸和游离脂肪酸含量趋于降低;体重下降减少57.1%(P<0.01),羔羊出生窝重增加11.1%(P<0.05)。本研究表明,添喂气溶胶OT或多聚甲醛,均可提高妊娠后期母羊的自由采食量,提高消化量和钙、磷消化率,增加氮保留,减少妊娠母羊体脂的动员或利用,减缓体重下降,提高产羔窝重。  相似文献   

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