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1.
不同猕猴桃品种果实发育过程中总酚和类黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】探讨不同猕猴桃品种果实发育过程中总酚、类黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的动态变化差异。【方法】以江西主栽的美味猕猴桃'金魁’和中华猕猴桃'红阳’以及本课题组自主选育的毛花猕猴桃'赣猕6号’为试材,对果实生长发育过程中总酚、类黄酮含量和FRAP抗氧化能力、清除羟基自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基(DPPH·)和超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)的能力进行检测分析。【结果】3个猕猴桃品种果实总酚和类黄酮含量在果实生长发育过程中大体呈现由高到低的变化趋势;但不同品种其含量差异显著,尤其'赣猕6号’总酚含量高于其他两个品种十几倍。对抗氧化活性检测发现',赣猕6号’比其他两个品种具有较强的FRAP抗氧化能力和清除超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)能力。相关性分析显示',赣猕6号’清除·OH和·O2-能力与总酚、类黄酮含量存在极显著或显著相关性',金魁’FRAP抗氧化能力与总酚、类黄酮含量存在极显著和显著相关性,而'红阳’FRAP抗氧化能力、清除DPPH·能力分别与总酚、类黄酮含量存在显著和极显著相关性。【结论】猕猴桃果实含有丰富的酚类物质,随着果实的生长发育呈现逐渐降低的趋势。猕猴桃抗氧化能力与总酚、类黄酮含量呈显著正相关。毛花猕猴桃'赣猕6号’比美味猕猴桃'金魁’和中华猕猴桃'红阳’具有更高含量的酚类物质和更强的抗氧化能力。本试验为猕猴桃优良品种的推广、野生资源发掘、新品种选育、天然抗氧化保健药物以及功能性食品的开发奠定了基础。 相似文献
2.
叶面喷施微量元素和稀土元素混合液对酿酒葡萄果实中矿质元素及主要香气物质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《果树学报》2015,(4)
【目的】研究叶面喷施微量元素和稀土元素混合液对酿酒葡萄‘赤霞珠’和‘霞多丽’果实中矿质元素含量和主要香气物质的影响。【方法】分别用6种微量元素和15种稀土元素的混合液喷施叶片,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术分析果实对矿质元素的吸收,利用气相色谱与质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分析香气物质的变化。【结果】2个葡萄品种果实对微量元素吸收相似,其中钼(Mo)增加最为明显,铜(Cu)只有在较高浓度及喷施多次时才有显著增加,其余微量元素含量没有明显改变,而稀土元素则在所有处理中均呈现累积效应。喷施微量元素显著降低了花后11周‘赤霞珠’果实中(E)-2-己烯醇、(Z)-3-己烯-1-醇和正己醇的含量,提高了采收期果实中(E)-2-己烯醛和己醛的含量;‘霞多丽’品种不同的是,前3种C6醇在其未成熟果实中显著增加,而在采收期以上5种C6化合物含量与对照相比均无显著差异。喷施稀土元素后,2个品种的花后11周果实中(E)-2-己烯醛含量均显著降低,在成熟采收期除己醛含量显著增加之外,其他4种C6化合物与对照没有明显差异;喷施矿质元素对2个品种果实中萜烯类物质和β-大马士酮含量都没有显著影响。【结论】矿质元素主要影响葡萄果实中具有生青味的C6类香气物质的积累,对具有花果香气的萜烯类和C13降异戊二烯类香气物质的合成没有显著影响。 相似文献
3.
【目的】杧果是重要的热带水果,有‘热带果王’的美誉。我国的杧果种质资源丰富,杧果种质资源的优劣可以通过果实的糖酸品质性状来进行评价,研究杧果果实中糖酸组分含量及其遗传多样性,对于丰富种质资源具有重要意义。【方法】以148份杧果种质资源为实验材料,采用高效液相色谱法检测杧果果实的糖酸组成及其含量的多样性。【结果】148份杧果种质资源中柠檬酸含量和抗坏血酸含量与总酸含量呈极显著正相关,而蔗糖含量与总糖含量呈极显著正相关;通过主成分分析发现,酒石酸、总酸、糖酸比、果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量是造成不同杧果种质资源之间多样性的主要原因;聚类分析结果表明,在遗传距离为2.5和5.0处分别按糖组分含量和酸组分含量可将148份种质资源分为四类。【结论】可为杧果种质资源保存和新品种培育提供重要的信息参考。 相似文献
4.
《果树学报》2016,(8)
【目的】探究蓝果忍冬果实香气成分的构成及变化。【方法】采用顶空-固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对蓝果忍冬(Lonicera caerulea L.)‘蓓蕾’和‘长白山1号’2个品种(系)果实坐果期、转色期、成熟期的香气成分进行检测分析。【结果】蓝果忍冬果实所包含的香气成分主要以醇类、烃类和醛类为主。2个品种(系)的蓝果忍冬果实在3个生长时期共检测出78种香气成分。随着蓝果忍冬果实成熟,烃类物质相对含量呈上升趋势,醛类物质相对含量呈先下降再上升,而醇类物质相对含量呈先上升再下降趋势,并检测到2个品种(系)成熟期主要以二丁基羟基甲苯、(E)-2-己烯醛、己醛、α-松油醇、1-丁醇、三甲胺-硼烷、辛烷为主。【结论】蓝果忍冬不同品种(系)果实在不同发育时期果实香气成分构成明显不同,从坐果期到成熟期香气成分由以醛类为主,逐渐变化为以烃类、醇类和醛类为主,各时期‘长白山1号’比‘蓓蕾’香气成分更为丰富。 相似文献
5.
【目的】探究蓝果忍冬果实香气成分的构成及变化。【方法】采用顶空-固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对蓝果忍冬(Lonicera caerulea L.)‘蓓蕾’和‘长白山1号’2个品种(系)果实坐果期、转色期、成熟期的香气成分进行检测分析。【结果】蓝果忍冬果实所包含的香气成分主要以醇类、烃类和醛类为主。2个品种(系)的蓝果忍冬果实在3个生长时期共检测出78种香气成分。随着蓝果忍冬果实成熟,烃类物质相对含量呈上升趋势,醛类物质相对含量呈先下降再上升,而醇类物质相对含量呈先上升再下降趋势,并检测到2个品种(系)成熟期主要以二丁基羟基甲苯、(E)-2-己烯醛、己醛、α-松油醇、1-丁醇、三甲胺-硼烷、辛烷为主。【结论】蓝果忍冬不同品种(系)果实在不同发育时期果实香气成分构成明显不同,从坐果期到成熟期香气成分由以醛类为主,逐渐变化为以烃类、醇类和醛类为主,各时期‘长白山1号’比‘蓓蕾’香气成分更为丰富。 相似文献
6.
《果树学报》2016,(11)
【目的】探讨毛花猕猴桃果实发育期间果肉色素的变化规律及呈色原因。【方法】以毛花猕猴桃‘赣猕6号’果实为试材,进行果肉色度、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量的测定及各指标间的相关性分析。【结果】整个果实发育阶段果肉色度稳固上升;叶绿素含量在盛花后95 d之前基本维持在60 mg·kg-1,盛花后110 d达到最小值(47.7 mg·kg-1),而在盛花后140 d快速上升至整个时期最大值(92.0 mg·kg-1),采收时下降到73.0 mg·kg-1;整个过程中叶绿素a含量所占比例显著高于叶绿素b;类胡萝卜素含量在盛花后110 d之前表现稳定,后期先上升再下降,于盛花后140 d达到最大值(26.3mg·kg-1),采收时下降至21.2 mg·kg-1;叶绿素和类胡萝卜素均与叶绿素a、叶绿素b、色度呈极显著相关,且2者之间亦呈极显著相关。【结论】整个果实发育阶段高含量的叶绿素是毛花猕猴桃果肉持续呈现绿色的原因。 相似文献
7.
《果树学报》2015,(5)
【目的】研究避雨栽培对葡萄果实品质的影响,以期对葡萄避雨栽培技术的改进提供参考依据。【方法】以6 a生葡萄‘金手指’为试材,调查果粒纵横径及质量、果实可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量、果实着色状况以及香气物质组分等果实品质指标。【结果】避雨栽培条件下,‘金手指’葡萄果粒质量迅速生长期延后1周左右,可滴定酸含量明显下降;果实色泽参数CIRG值为1.23,显著低于对照1.25;检测出醛类为香气物质的主要成分,且较对照增加了1种物质,即3-己烯醛;在醛类物质中,2-己烯醛相对含量最高,较对照增加了17.52%;但在整个观察期内,果粒纵横径和可溶性固形物含量未发现显著差异。【结论】避雨栽培对葡萄着色状况和香气物质组分等指标有一定的影响。 相似文献
8.
【目的】探明2个疏穗处理对新疆玛纳斯产区‘赤霞珠’葡萄果实异戊二烯代谢产生的香气物质组成及含量的影响。【方法】分别以"广东地"和"园艺场"2个葡萄园为试验地,在果实发育早期(花后26 d)进行1穗/新梢(CT1)和2穗/新梢(CT2)疏穗处理,应用GC-MS定性定量分析游离态和糖苷结合态萜烯和C13-降异戊二烯物质的变化。【结果】2种疏穗处理对果实可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的影响因试验地块而异,且疏穗处理不会改变果实中香气物质的种类,但影响其含量;与CT2相比,CT1处理提高了果实中大部分异戊二烯来源的香气组分的含量,增加最明显的是游离态E-β-大马士酮及结合态α-萜品醇,且CT1处理对香气物质积累的促进作用在广东地表现更加明显,笔者认为这与广东地土壤相对较高的有机质含量和矿质元素有关。【结论】1穗/新梢的疏穗可以提高果实中潜在花果香气味组分的含量,改善葡萄酒果香质量。 相似文献
9.
‘达赛莱克特’草莓果实发育成熟过程中香气物质的变化及其特征成分的确定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【目的】明确‘达赛莱克特’草莓果实挥发性物质的组成与含量特征,揭示果实发育成熟过程中香气动态变化规律。【方法】以水培‘达赛莱克特’草莓绿果期、白果期、转色期、粉果期、全红期5个不同发育时期的果实为试验材料,使用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPEM)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术,检测各样品中香气组分。【结果】从‘达赛莱克特’草莓中共检测出70种物质,主要成分为醛类、酮类、酯类和萜烯类。其中绿果期和白果期以醛类为主,转色期出现少量的酯类,粉果期以酯类和醇类为主,全红期酯类和醇类较粉果期多。【结论】基于香气阈值,共鉴别出‘达赛莱克特’草莓特征香气17种,其中己酸乙酯、(E)-2-己烯醛、丁酸乙酯、γ-癸内酯、DMMF、D-柠檬烯、β-金合欢烯等的贡献较大。 相似文献
10.
4个无核鲜食葡萄品种及其亲本果实香气成分分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《果树学报》2015,(3)
【目的】研究以母本‘瑰宝’和父本‘无核白鸡心’杂交选育出的无核葡萄新品种‘早康宝’、‘无核翠宝’、‘无核丽红宝’和‘晶红宝’果实的芳香化合物组分,为了解其品质特性提供理论依据。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取结合气质联用技术对这4个无核葡萄及其亲本果实香气成分进行分析测定,研究4个无核葡萄及其亲本成熟果实芳香物质差异。【结果】6个葡萄品种果实的芳香物质成分种类和相对含量差异较大。醛类物质是6个葡萄品种果实中主要的芳香物质,其中相对含量最高的是具有绿叶清香和果香的2-己烯醛,在35.88%~50.04%,‘早康宝’中含量最低,‘丽红宝’最高;其次是具有绿叶清香和果香的己醛,相对含量在16.91%~30.41%,‘瑰宝’最低。‘瑰宝’、‘无核白鸡心’及其具有香味的杂交后代‘早康宝’和‘无核翠宝’中含有相对含量较高的萜烯醇(11.21%~25.39%),特别是里那醇,其中‘瑰宝’含量最高为25.20%,‘无核白鸡心’含量最低(0.18%),而‘丽红宝’和‘晶红宝’中含量甚微或无;其次是香叶醇,‘早康宝’中最高14.58%,‘无核白鸡心’和‘无核翠宝’分别占8.20%、4.42%。【结论】里那醇+香叶醇+橙花醇+香茅醇之和对4个玫瑰香味葡萄品种(‘瑰宝’、‘无核白鸡心’、‘早康宝’和‘无核翠宝’)果实玫瑰香气贡献最大。C6化合物中的2-己烯醛是6个葡萄品种果实芳香物质中的主要成分。 相似文献
11.
AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
12.
AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
13.
Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden. 相似文献
14.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
15.
多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献
16.
HU Zhi-cheng ZHU Jia-yuan ZHU Bin GUO Dong CHEN Bin ZHANG Kai HU Kun-hua LI Ming-tao TANG Bing 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1802-1806
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars. 相似文献
17.
The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
18.
AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
19.
Duncan Brean W. Boyle Shannon Breininger David R. Schmalzer Paul A. 《Landscape Ecology》1999,14(3):291-309
Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere. 相似文献
20.
AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis. 相似文献