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《草业科学》2021,(6)
为了研究不同浓度茉莉酸甲酯(methyl jasmonate, MeJA)对紫花地丁(Viola philippica)生长及其生理生化的影响,以紫花地丁植株为试验材料,设置5个MeJA浓度(0、1.25、2.5、5、10 mmol·L-1),喷施紫花地丁叶片背面,研究不同浓度MeJA对紫花地丁叶片的叶螨数、生长指标、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性糖和叶绿素含量等生理指标的影响。结果表明,与未喷施MeJA (CK)相比,外源MeJA能使紫花地丁叶片叶螨的侵染率降低,植株的各类生长指标增加,叶片中过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、脂氧合酶(lipoxygenase, LOX)的活性增强,叶绿素和可溶性糖含量增加,丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量减少。其中,MeJA浓度为10 mmol·L~(-1)时,紫花地丁叶片的螨害指数为最低,抗满效果最好,而MeJA浓度为2.5 mmol·L~(-1)时,各类生长指标达到最大。本研究结果表明,外源喷施MeJA通过影响各种酶活性及相应生理指标,提高了紫花地丁对叶螨的抵抗性,有利于其生长发育。 相似文献
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《草原与草坪》2020,(2)
以草地早熟禾品种午夜的幼苗为试验材料,设置7个茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)浓度(0、0.05、0.10、0.50、1.0、1.5、2.0 mmol/L)处理草地早熟禾,在接种白粉菌后,调查植株发病情况并测定相关生理指标,以探究外源MeJA诱导草地早熟禾抗白粉病的作用浓度及生理机制。结果表明:与未施用MeJA的处理相比较,不同浓度的MeJA处理均可提高草地早熟禾的抗病性,当MeJA浓度为1.5 mmol/L时,植株的病情指数最低,防治效果最好;同时降低了草地早熟禾叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧阴离子自由基的产生速率和过氧化氢(H_2O_2)的积累,增强了植物体内组织含水量、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素含量和可溶性糖的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯丙氨酸氨解酶(PAL)的酶活性。 相似文献
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以2015年采自青藏高原高寒草地野生老芒麦为对象,研究了不同程度NaCl盐胁迫下激动素对老芒麦幼苗端粒酶活性及生理特性的影响,为土壤盐渍化地区的农业生产以及老芒麦人工草地改良提供科学依据。采用营养液砂培法,待幼苗生长至第3片叶抽出并刚展开时,对老芒麦幼苗进行不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200mmol·L~(-1))的NaCl盐胁迫处理168h,随后用不同浓度(0、5、10、20、30mg·L~(-1))的激动素叶面喷施处理240h并测定幼苗的端粒酶活性以及生理指标:叶绿素、游离脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量。结果表明,随着盐胁迫的增强,端粒酶活性呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在50mmol·L~(-1)的NaCl处理下,端粒酶活性达到最大值。当处理浓度大于50mmol·L~(-1)时,随着盐胁迫的进一步增强,端粒酶活性逐步减小,渗透调节物质游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量均上升。可溶性糖在250mmol·L~(-1)盐浓度下增加量最显著(P0.05),与对照相比增加了101.5%。0mmol·L~(-1)盐胁迫下经10mg·L~(-1)的激动素处理后,MDA含量下降64.9%。较高浓度激动素对盐胁迫的缓解效果显著(P0.05),250mmol·L~(-1)盐胁迫下经20mg·L~(-1)激动素处理的植株,叶绿素含量较对照增加了17.3%,可溶性糖在100mmol·L~(-1)盐胁迫下经20mg·L~(-1)激动素处理,其含量较对照增加了165.6%。结果表明外源激动素对盐胁迫具有一定的缓解作用,适宜浓度的盐胁迫诱导了细胞端粒酶活性,高浓度盐胁迫可能造成了老芒麦细胞的氧化损伤,最终导致端粒酶活性下降。 相似文献
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为研究不同浓度脱落酸、壳聚糖和水杨酸喷施对低温胁迫下柱花草叶片生理指标和叶绿素荧光特性的影响,以播种50 d的幼苗为试验材料,叶面喷施法处理后,于光照培养箱中连续进行7 d低温(昼夜温8℃/5℃),2 d常温(昼夜温28℃/25℃)处理。结果表明,不同浓度外源物质喷施使低温下柱花草叶片光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量显著增加;寒害指数、相对电导率、丙二醛含量显著降低,继续2 d常温处理后,各项指标有所回升。经300 mg·L-1壳聚糖、0.4 mmol·L-1水杨酸和10 mg·L-1脱落酸处理的植株,叶绿素荧光参数的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、电子传递量子产额(φE0)、性能参数(PIABS)分别显著升高了80.88%～122.57%、119.87%～170.53%和271.77%～580.49%;用于热耗散量子比率(φD0)显著降低了26.39%～37.10%。经隶属函数法综合评价,壳聚糖、脱落酸... 相似文献
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外源水杨酸对苜蓿幼苗盐胁迫的缓解效应 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为明确外源水杨酸提高苜蓿抗盐的生理生化机制,以“甘农3号” 苜蓿品种为材料,在150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫条件下,采用叶面喷施方法,研究外源水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)对苜蓿幼苗生长、有机渗透调节物质含量及抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫显著抑制了苜蓿幼苗生长,盐胁迫下添加0.25 mmol/L外源SA后,苜蓿幼苗的株高、根长、鲜重,植株叶绿素含量显著升高,叶片和根系中游离脯氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低,可溶性蛋白含量显著增加;叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、愈创木酚过氧化物酶(GPX)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性显著升高,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、抗坏血酸(AsA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量未发生变化;根系中GPX活性、AsA和GSH含量显著升高,SOD、CAT和APX活性则未发生变化,说明外源SA处理能调控苜蓿幼苗有机渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化保护系统,缓解盐胁迫对苜蓿植株的伤害。 相似文献
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本研究探讨了2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-epibrassinolide,EBR)对盐胁迫下黑麦草(Lolium perenne)种子萌发及幼苗生长相关生理方面的影响.结果表明,在种子萌发过程中,盐胁迫下外源0.01μmol·L?1的EBR处理,提高了黑麦草种子的发芽率、发芽势、活力指数、株高、鲜重和根系活力,并增强了萌发过程中黑麦草种子的α-淀粉酶活性.在幼苗生长期,盐胁迫下外源0.1μmol·L?1的EBR处理,使得黑麦草幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GPX)活性显著提高(P<0.05),而丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量显著降低,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量显著升高(P<0.05).综上所述,外源0.01μmol·L?1的EBR处理可以缓解100和150 mmol·L?1 NaCl胁迫对黑麦草种子萌发的抑制效果,外源0.1μmol·L?1的EBR处理可以缓解250 mmol·L?1 NaCl胁迫对黑麦草幼苗生长的伤害程度.本研究结果为盐碱地黑麦草的生产和种植提供了一定的理论依据. 相似文献
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以大田环境中多年龄植物红砂(Reamuria soongorica)植株为材料,采用室外试验研究了自然干旱下喷施2、4、6和8 mg·L^-1的外源脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)对红砂叶片渗透调节物质含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,外源ABA能降低红砂叶片中可溶性糖(soluble sugar,SS)、游离脯氨酸(free proline,Pro)和可溶性蛋白(soluble protein,SP)含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性;随着ABA浓度的增加,ABA作用效应先增强后减弱。其中,6 mg·L^-1的外源ABA作用效应最大,与处理前相比,该浓度下红砂叶片中SS、Pro、SP含量分别显著下降35.75%、90.08%、16.66%,SOD活性显著上升28.94%,POD活性为处理前的1.35倍,CAT活性显著上升84.46%。因此,喷施外源ABA可缓解干旱胁迫对红砂植株的伤害,以喷施6 mg·L^-1的外源ABA效果最佳。在今后荒漠区红砂种群的保育中可喷施6 mg·L^-1的外源ABA缓解干旱胁迫对植株的伤害。 相似文献
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为了探究外源甜菜碱(GB)对干旱胁迫及复水条件下匍匐翦股颖的生长调控作用,以匍匐翦股颖(T-1)成熟草皮为材料,移栽至温室适应性生长50 d后,分别用0,50,100,200 mmol/L的GB喷施匍匐翦股颖叶片,3 d后进行人工模拟干旱处理和复水处理,研究在不同水分条件下,外源GB对匍匐翦股颖坪观质量、叶片相对含水量、细胞膜透性、叶绿素、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,干旱胁迫降低了匍匐翦股颖的坪观质量、相对含水量和叶绿素含量,提高了细胞膜透性、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、MDA含量和SOD、CAT、POD活性,而外施一定浓度的GB可使干旱胁迫引起的坪观质量、叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量的下降幅度显著降低,同时相对提高了叶片脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量以及SOD和CAT活性,并降低了细胞膜透性和MDA含量,复水后,各指标均得到不同程度的恢复,其中GB处理恢复甚至优于干旱处理前的水平。本研究结果表明,外施一定浓度的GB对干旱胁迫下匍匐翦股颖的抗旱性具有增效作用,并且在复水后使匍匐翦股颖积累了更多对干旱逆境的防御能力,使其能够更好地适应干旱胁迫环境。综合各项指标,100 mmol/L的GB处理最有利于提高匍匐翦股颖的抗旱性。 相似文献
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盐胁迫对海滨雀稗生长和生理特性的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本研究采用不同浓度NaCl溶液(0,100,200,300,400和500 mmol/L)对海滨雀稗进行盐处理,测定了生长势、生物量、叶片相对含水量、质膜透性、叶绿素含量、渗透调节物质含量以及抗氧化酶活性等指标,分析不同程度盐胁迫对海滨雀稗生长和生理特性的影响,并且对其耐盐性进行了评价。结果表明,NaCl胁迫对海滨雀稗的株高、叶长、叶宽和直立茎茎粗产生了抑制作用,对根、茎和叶的干物质积累产生显著影响,并且随着盐浓度的增加呈逐渐降低的趋势;海滨雀稗叶片相对含水量随着NaCl浓度的增加呈下降趋势,而质膜透性、叶绿素(Chl)、丙二醛(MDA)和可溶性糖含量则呈升高趋势;海滨雀稗叶片脯氨酸含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均在300 mmol/L NaCl浓度下达到最大值,而且都随NaCl浓度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,表明海滨雀稗具有较高的耐盐能力,在盐胁迫下可采取自我保护机制以适应盐逆境,其耐盐阈值为300 mmol/L NaCl浓度。以上生理指标的动态变化反映出海滨雀稗对盐逆境的适应性变化,是抵御盐胁迫的一种积极调节机制。 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
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In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献