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1.
Long-term studies of megestrol acetate and chlormadinone acetate in 100 female dogs are in progress. Doses of zero, one, 10 and 25 times the expected human dose of megestrol acetate and 25 times the expected human dose of chlormadinone acetate (on a milligram per kilogram body weight basis) are being given daily. During the first 4 years, eight dogs from each of the five groups were killed. The principal gross findings included enlarged uteri with mucoid material in the lumina, mammary development in dogs given middle and high doses of megestrol acetate and chlormadinone acetate, and thickened gallbladder walls in dogs given high doses of each. Histologic evaluation showed inhibition of ovulation for progestogen-treated dogs and suppression of ovarian follicular development with the high doses. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia was slight in the low-dose dogs and moderate to severe in most of the high-dose dogs; a few also had ulcerative endometritis and pyometra. The mammary glands of dogs given the middle and high doses produced lobules, acini, and secretion exceeding natural metestrus. Slight to marked cystic mucinous hyperplasia occurred in the gallbladders of most dogs given the high doses. Tow high-dose megestrol dogs had clinical signs and microscopic pancreatic, renal, and ocular changes indicative of diabetes mellitus. 相似文献
2.
Suppression of cortisol responses to exogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and the occurrence of side effects attributable to glucocorticoid excess, in cats during therapy with megestrol acetate and prednisolone. 
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下载免费PDF全文 D J Middleton A D Watson C J Howe I D Caterson 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1987,51(1):60-65
The major purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of prednisolone and megestrol acetate in cats on the adrenal cortisol response to exogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone during drug administration at dose rates employed for management of some inflammatory feline dermatoses. Prednisolone (at least 2 mg/kg/day) and megestrol acetate (5 mg/cat/day) were each administered orally to seven cats from days 1 to 16. Three additional cats received no therapy. Basal and stimulated cortisol concentrations, food and water intake, hematology, blood biochemistry, urinalyses, and hepatic and cutaneous histology were studied in all cats before, during, and two weeks following the end of treatment. Cats given prednisolone or megestrol acetate had significant suppression of stimulated cortisol levels on day 8. This change was more marked on day 15, when the suppression in cats given megestrol acetate was also significantly more severe than in those receiving prednisolone. Recovery of adrenal reserve was considered present on day 30 in six of seven cats given prednisolone, but in only three of seven receiving megestrol acetate. Eosinopenia, glycosuria and hepatocyte swelling from glycogen deposition were occasionally recorded in treated cats of both groups, providing additional circumstantial evidence for glucocorticoid activity of megestrol acetate in cats. It is advised that abrupt withdrawal of prednisolone or megestrol acetate therapy be avoided in this species to reduce the chance of precipitating clinical signs of hypoadrenocorticism, even after treatment for as little as one week. 相似文献
3.
Pukay BP Stevenson DA 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(5):143-144
A four year old ovariohysterectomized domestic short-haired cat under treatment for behavioral urine spraying and idiopathic alopecia developed mammary gland hypertrophy following treatment with megestrol acetate. Withdrawal of the progestin and treatment with androgen failed to cause regression of the hypertrophy. The affected mammary gland was surgically excised and recovery was uneventful. 相似文献
4.
Morphologic changes in the mammary gland of megestrol acetate-treated and untreated cats: a retrospective study 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Abnormal mammary gland growth is a side effect of progestin therapy in some cats. In this retrospective study, the nature and significance of morphologic changes in the mammary gland of 17 megestrol acetate (MA)-treated cats were compared to mammary lesions in 97 untreated cats. Fourteen out of 17 MA-treated cats had non-neoplastic mammary lesions including fibroepithelial hyperplasia (nine cats), lobular hyperplasia (three cats), and duct ectasia (two cats); whereas three MA-treated cats had mammary neoplasms including one adenoma and two carcinomas. Although MA has been causally linked to mammary cancer in cats, only mammary fibroepithelial hyperplasia was clearly associated with MA therapy in this study. Fibroepithelial hyperplasia occurred in older (average age 8.1 years) neutered male and female cats in the MA-treated group and in younger (average age 2.1 years) female cats in the untreated group. Morphologically, both intraductal and solid fibroepithelial growth patterns were seen. Intraductal fibroepithelial hyperplasia was further subdivided into papillary and circumferential types. An apparent greater association between MA therapy and the intraductal types of fibroepithelial hyperplasia was noted. Furthermore, it appears likely that mammary lobular hyperplasia also is linked to MA therapy. Possible mammatrophic effects of MA and other growth-promoting agents in the cat are discussed. 相似文献
5.
A. Chalifoux Y. Gosselin 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1981,22(7):211-212
The use of megestrol acetate to stop urine spraying in castrated male cats Four castrated male cats were treated with megestrol acetate because they were showing signs of urine spraying. The dosage used was 5 mg a day for seven days followed by 5 mg every three days for 21 days. The treatment did not exceed one month. 相似文献
6.
Prepubertally ovariectomized kittens were given megestrol acetate orally, 5 mg or 15 mg twice weekly for 12–13 weeks. The higher dose treated animals were generally fatter and some showed marked abdominal distention, but there were no statistical differences in body weight gain when compared with controls. Subsequent laparotomy was followed by hair growth retardation when kittens were given 2·5 mg megestrol acetate weekly for a further 12 weeks. Another two ovariectomized kittens had very rapid mammary development after 4 weeks of 2·5 mg megestrol acetate administration weekly. 相似文献
7.
Görlinger S Kooistra HS van den Broek A Okkens AC 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(6):710-713
Fibroadenomatous hyperplasia (FAH) is characterized by a rapid proliferation of mammary stroma and duct epithelium of 1 or more glands and predominantly affects younger female cats. Endogenous progesterone and exogenous progestogens play an important role in the genesis of FAH. The presence of progesterone receptors in fibroadenomatous tissue allows for targeted endocrine therapy with progesterone receptor blockers. We report on 22 young cats with FAH, none of which had responded to the withdrawal of progestogens or ovariectomy. The common signs were tachycardia (11 cats); skin ulceration, painful mammary glands, or both (16 cats); lethargy (8 cats); and anorexia (4 cats). The cats were treated with subcutaneous injections of the progesterone receptor blocker aglépristone on 1 (7 cats, 20 mg/kg) or 2 consecutive days (15 cats, 10 mg/kg/d) once weekly. All but 1 cat responded with a complete and lasting remission of signs after 1-4 weeks of treatment. Two cats had a short-term skin irritation at the site of the aglépristone injection. Two pregnant cats with FAH aborted after treatment with aglépristone and subsequently developed endometritis. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that FAH in cats can be treated successfully with the progesterone receptor blocker aglépristone. 相似文献
8.
Morris JS Nixon C Bruck A Nasir L Morgan IM Philbey AW 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,175(2):218-226
The immunohistochemical expression of topoisomerase IIbeta binding protein 1 (TopBP1) was examined in 123 feline mammary lesions (18 non-neoplastic lesions including six fibroadenomatous hyperplasia and 12 duct ectasia, 17 adenomas and 88 carcinomas) in relation to histological grade, oestrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) status, proliferation index (Ki67) and p53 expression. There was positive staining for TopBP1 in 122 of 123 feline mammary lesions, although nine samples had fewer than 20% positive cells. The percentage of cells positive for TopBP1 increased with histological grade. Most staining was nuclear but both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining was observed as the degree of malignancy increased. TopBP1 is expressed in feline mammary tumours and its expression is correlated with histological grade. Many neoplasms which over-express p53 or are ERalpha negative show TopBP1 immunoreactivity. 相似文献
9.
Effects of megestrol acetate on glucose tolerance and growth hormone secretion in the cat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M E Peterson 《Research in veterinary science》1987,42(3):354-357
Long-term administration of relatively high therapeutic dosages of megestrol acetate to cats produced a progressive deterioration in glucose tolerance, with a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in mean fasting plasma glucose concentrations and decrease in mean plasma glucose clearance rates after six and 12 months of treatment. There appeared to be no relationship, however, between the development of glucose intolerance and circulating growth hormone (GH) concentrations in the cats of this study, since no significant rise in plasma GH concentrations was detected during the 12 month period of megestrol acetate treatment. Administration of megestrol acetate also produced a progressive decrease in both resting plasma cortisol concentrations and cortisol concentrations after ACTH stimulation. Three months after discontinuation of megestrol acetate, the elevated fasting plasma glucose concentrations, decreased glucose clearance rates and subnormal plasma cortisol concentrations all returned to normal pretreatment values, indicating resolution of glucose intolerance and hypoadrenocorticism. The results of this study demonstrate that administration of megestrol acetate to cats can produce a state of moderate to severe glucose intolerance, which is usually reversible after cessation of treatment. Although the exact mechanism of the glucose intolerance and overt diabetes mellitus induced by progestagen treatment of cats remains unclear, it is likely that these alterations in glucose metabolism result primarily from the glucocorticoid activity intrinsic to megestrol acetate. 相似文献
10.
Y. Gosselin A. Chalifoux M. Papageorges 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1981,22(12):382-384
Twenty-one cats were treated with megestrol acetate because they were showing clinical signs associated with one of the following problems: eosinophilic ulcer, eosinophilic plaque, neurodermatitis, endocrine alopecia and miliary dermatitis. The dosage schedule was 5 mg orally per day per cat for seven days, then 5 mg every three days for 21 days.
In all cats, we noted a good improvement of the lesions as soon as treatment was started. In 25% of the patients, one treatment schedule was sufficient to control the skin disease for at least 18 months. In the remaining 75%, two treatment schedules and/or a maintenance dosage had to be established.
Side effects encountered were increased appetite, personality changes and depression.
相似文献11.
A multicentre randomised clinical trial was performed to compare the therapeutic potential of osaterone acetate with that of delmadinone acetate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in dogs. The osaterone was administered orally at 0.25 mg/kg bodyweight once a day for seven days to 73 dogs. The delmadinone was administered by a single intramuscular or subcutaneous injection at 3 mg/kg bodyweight to 69 dogs. During the 180-day trial, the dogs were monitored five times for their clinical signs and prostate volume. The two drugs were similarly effective in reducing the clinical signs and inducing complete clinical remission, and both induced a similar level of minor, mostly transitory adverse effects. Osaterone reduced the volume of the prostate glands of the dogs significantly more quickly than delmadinone. 相似文献
12.
Megestrol acetate is widely used for oestrus control in the bitch and cat. Field reports suggested that the compound may also be used successfully in male animals for the control of undesirable behaviour. Previous surveys have indicated that the following signs or combinations of signs presented a real problem to the owners of male dogs: aggression (dominant or fear-induced), mounting, territory marking by urination, roaming, excitability and destructiveness. In the present study the efficacy of megestrol acetate was assessed using a defined dosage regime in 163 dogs exhibiting one or more of the above signs. Seventy-five per cent of dogs improved during treatment, and 64 per cent of dogs assessed three months after the end of treatment had maintained their improvement. The incidence of side effects was found to be low. 相似文献
13.
M. E. HERRTAGE K. C. BARNETT D. F. MACDOUGALL † 《The Journal of small animal practice》1985,26(10):595-601
A case of diabetes mellitus in a cat is described, associated with prolonged administration of megestrol acetate for miliary dermatitis. The cat was presented with blindness due to diabetic retinopathy. Following the diagnosis, megestrol acetate was withdrawn. The diabetes proved to be transient and resolved after insulin therapy; however, severe visual impairment remained. The mechanism by which megestrol acetate induces diabetes is discussed. 相似文献
14.
Iu D Klinski? V E Darovskikh M Ravilov 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1977,31(6):825-829
Megestrol acetate has proved to be of positive impact upon synchronisation of oestrus in beef cows. Fodder-borne administration of 35-45 mg megestrol acetate caused oestrus in nursing cows, accompanied by disorders in ovarian function. The physiological condition of the animal at the date of treatment was found to be of major relevance to success. Evidence was produced to the strong action of serum obtained from pregnant mares in which the ratio of total gonadotrophic activity to luteinising activity was between 3:1 and 2.5:1. The use of megestrol acetate is recommended as a method by which to activate sexual function in the context of beef cattle breeding. 相似文献
15.
Association of calicivirus infection with chronic gingivitis and pharyngitis in cats 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
R. R. THOMPSON G. E. WILCOX W. T. CLARK K. L. JANSEN 《The Journal of small animal practice》1984,25(4):207-210
Feline calicivirus was isolated from eight often cats with chronic stomatitis but not from 10 healthy cats kept under similar conditions. Tests for feline leukaemia viral antigen failed to detect evidence of this infection. The age of affected cats ranged from 1.5 to 11 years with a mean of 5.7 years. Treatment with corticosteroids, megestrol acetate and tooth extraction resulted in clinical improvement but in some cases the condition recurred when treatment was finished. 相似文献
16.
Three cases of fibroepithelial hyperplasia (FEH) of the mammary gland in the cat are reported. A one year old female cat had a distinct enlargement of the middle mammary glands, one on each side, 5 days after the first estrus. One week later the cat was treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Promone). The affected glands, along with the remaining glands, increased further in size. A five year old female cat was treated with Proligeston (Covinan) for the suppression of estrus. Two weeks later fibroepithelial hyperplasia occurred in two glands, one with a well demarcated ulceration. A seven months old male cat was treated with delmadinon acetate (Tarden) because of urine spraying. Two months later he had enlargement of all mammary glands. All three cats were treated with the progesterone antagonist Aglépristone (Alizine). Within 5 to 11 weeks the mammary glands had regressed to normal. 相似文献
17.
Bulman-Fleming J 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2008,49(7):709-712
A 12-year-old, female Siamese cat with a long-term history of megestrol acetate treatment for suppression of estrus was presented with vomiting and abdominal pain. Uterine adenomyosis was diagnosed after an ovariohysterectomy. 相似文献
18.
Wagner RA Bailey EM Schneider JF Oliver JW 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,218(8):1272-1274
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of leuprolide acetate, a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog, in ferrets with adrenocortical diseases. DESIGN: Case series. ANIMALS: 20 ferrets with adrenocortical disease diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs and plasma sex hormone concentrations. PROCEDURE: Ferrets were treated with leuprolide (100 microg, IM, once), and plasma hormone concentrations were measured before and 3 to 6 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: Leuprolide treatment resulted in significant reductions in plasma estradiol, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations and eliminated or reduced clinical signs associated with adrenocortical disease. Decreases in vulvar swelling, pruritus, and undesirable sexual behaviors and aggression were evident 14 days after treatment; hair regrowth was evident by 4 weeks after treatment. The response to treatment was transitory, and clinical signs recurred in all ferrets. Mean +/- SEM time to recurrence was 3.7 +/- 0.4 months (range, 1.5 to 8 months). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that leuprolide can be safely used to temporarily eliminate clinical signs and reduce sex hormone concentrations in ferrets with adrenocortical diseases. However, the safety of long-term leuprolide use in ferrets has not been investigated, and the long-term effects of leuprolide in ferrets with nodular adrenal gland hyperplasia or adrenal gland tumors are unknown. 相似文献
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20.
Wood CE Usborne AL Starost MF Tarara RP Hill LR Wilkinson LM Geisinger KR Feiste EA Cline JM 《Veterinary pathology》2006,43(4):471-483
Macaques provide an important animal model for the study of hormonal agents and their effects on risk biomarkers for breast cancer. A common criticism of this model is that spontaneous breast cancer has rarely been described in these animals. In this report, we characterize 35 mammary gland lesions ranging from ductal hyperplasia to carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques. Based on a retrospective analysis, we estimated the lifetime incidence of mammary gland neoplasia in aged female macaques to be about 6%. Hyperplastic lesions (n = 19) occurred segmentally along ducts and included such features as columnar alteration, micropapillary atypia, and fibroadenomatous change. In situ carcinomas (n = 8) included solid, comedo, cribriform, and micropapillary elements, encompassing 4 of the major architectural patterns seen in human lesions. Invasive ductal carcinomas (n = 8) were generally solid, with prominent central necrosis and mineralization, often on a background of micropapillary ductal hyperplasia and in situ carcinoma. Cytologic changes of invasive lesions included increased mitoses, nuclear pleomorphism, extensive microinvasion, and stromal desmoplasia. Axillary lymph-node metastases were confirmed in 5 of the 8 invasive carcinomas. On immunohistochemistry, intraductal and invasive carcinomas had increased Ki67/MIB1 and HER2 expression and selective loss of estrogen and progesterone receptors. These findings suggest that breast cancer is an underreported lesion in macaques and highlight unique morphologic and molecular similarities in breast cancer between human and macaque species. 相似文献