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1.
(1)04-07 April*6th IOBC WORKING GROUP,MULTITROPHIC INTERACTIONS IN SOIL,Cordoba,SPAIN.Info:B.B.Landa,cordobamultitrophic 2011@ias.csic.es.www.cordobamultitrophic2011.com.  相似文献   

2.
通过对产自新疆的薄罗藓科5属8种的分类学研究,包括多毛藓属Lescuraea Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. 的弯叶多毛藓L. incurvata (Hedw.) Lawton,密根多毛藓 L. radicosa (Mitt.) Moeck.,石生多毛藓L. saxicola (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Mol. in Lor.;薄罗藓属Leskea Hedw. 的薄罗藓L. polycarpa Hedw. ;细罗藓属Leskeella (Brid.) Loeske 的细罗藓L. nervosa (Brid.)Loeske ;细枝藓属Lindbergia (C. Müll) Broth. 的中华细枝藓L. sinensis (C. Müll) Broth. ,以及假细罗藓属 Pseudoleskeella Kindb. 的假细罗藓P. catenulata (Brid. ex Schrad.) Kindb.和瓦叶假细罗藓P. tectorum (Brid. )Kindb.。其中,薄罗藓属Leskea Hedw.为新疆新记录属;薄罗藓Leskea polycarpa Hedw. 和密根多毛藓Lescuraea radicosa (Mitt.) Moeck. 是新疆新记录种。根据标本形态特征,编制了新疆薄罗藓科植物分属、分种检索表,简要讨论了其生境和地理分布特点。  相似文献   

3.
通过对新疆阿尔泰山苔藓植物的调查研究,发现新疆新纪录种3种,分别为:亚灰白青藓Brachythecium pseudo-subalbicans Y.F.Wang et R.L.Hu,羽状青藓Brachythecium propinnatum Redf.,细肋镰刀藓Drepanocladus tenuinervis T. Kop..其中,亚灰白青藓在该地区的发现成为该种在中国分布的最北边缘.这些新纪录的发现,丰富了新疆苔藓植物研究资料.同时提出新改名:亚灰白青藓Brachythecium pseudo-subalbicans Y.F.Wang et R.L.Hu.  相似文献   

4.
Microtopography may affect the distribution of forests through its effect on rain redistribution and soil water distribution on the semi-arid Loess Plateau,China.In this study,we investigated the characteristics of microtopography on two shady slopes(slope A,5 hm2,uniform slope;slope B,5 hm2,microtopography slope) and surveyed the height,the diameter at breast height and the location(x,y coordinates) of all selected individual trees(Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.,Pyrus betulifolia Bunge,Populus hopeiensis Hu & Chow,Armeniaca sibirica Lam.,Populus simonii Carr.and Ulmus pumila Linn.) on slope A and slope B in the watersheds of Wuqi county,Shaanxi province.Subsequently,the effects of microtopography on the spatial pattern of forest stands were analyzed using Ripley’s K(r) function.The results showed that:(1) The maximal aggregation radiuses of the tree species on the uniform slope(slope A) were larger than 40 m,whereas those of the tree species on the microtopography slope(slope B) were smaller than 30 m.(2) On slope B,the spatial association of R.pseudoacacia with P.betulifolia,A.sibirica,P.simonii and U.pumila varied from being strongly negative to positive at microtopography scales.The spatial association of Populus hopeiensis Hu & Chow with U.pumila also varied from being strongly negative to positive at microtopography scales.However,there was no spatial association between P.betulifolia and P.hopeiensis,P.betulifolia and A.sibirica,P.betulifolia and P.simonii,P.betulifolia and U.pumila,P.hopeiensis and A.sibirica,P.hopeiensis and P.simonii,A.sibirica and P.simonii,A.sibirica and U.pumila,and P.simonii and U.pumila.On slope A,the spatial association between tree species were strongly negative.The results suggest that microtopography may shape tree distribution patterns on the semi-arid Loess Plateau.  相似文献   

5.
植物病原棒形杆菌属Clavibacter的分类随着研究的深入和鉴定技术水平的不断进步一直在发生着变化,之前普遍认可的观点为该属仅含有1个种,即密执安棒形杆菌C. michiganensis,种下又分为5个亚种,分别为密执安亚种C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis、诡橘亚种C. michiganensis subsp. insidiosus、尼布拉斯加亚种C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis、环腐亚种C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus和花叶亚种C. michiganensis subsp. tessellarius。最近几年又有4个新亚种陆续被报道,分别为菜豆亚种C. michiganensis subsp. phaseoli、辣椒亚种C. michiganensis subsp. capsici、加利福尼亚亚种C. michiganensis subsp. californiensis和智利亚种C. michiganensis subsp. chilensis。随着全基因组分析和多基因分析技术在细菌分类上的应用,之前被广泛认可的4个亚种(诡橘亚种、尼布拉斯加亚种、环腐亚种和花叶亚种)及新亚种辣椒亚种也曾被建议定义为种,即C. insidiosus、C. nebraskensis、C. sepedonicus、C. tessellarius和C. capsici。为便于研究人员了解该属最新的分类研究现状,本文对植物病原棒形杆菌属的分类历史及最新分类现状进行了系统梳理,期望为该属病原菌的风险评估、检测鉴定等研究提供分类学参考。  相似文献   

6.
中国的葡萄孢分类之二:一新种和五个已知种   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 本文报道葡萄孢属一新种:拟葱腐葡萄孢Botrytis acladiopsis X.Y.Wang,L.X.Zhang et Z.Y.Zhang sp.nov.和5个已知种B.convoluta Drayt.,B.fabae Sard.,B.gladiolorum Timm.,B.paeoniae Oud.和B.perlargonii Roed。标本和菌种均保存于云南农业大学植病研究所真菌标本室(MHYAU)。  相似文献   

7.
鹅掌柴真菌病害鉴定   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
 调查鉴定了广州地区鹅掌柴(Schefflera actinophylla (Endl.) Harms.)上12种真菌病害及其病原菌,以叶疫病和炭疽病危害较重。病原菌中有3个新种:鹅掌柴小球腔菌Leptosphaeria schefflerae P.G.X i,P.K.Chi et Z.D.Jiang,鹅掌柴生尾孢Cercospora schefflericola P.G.Xi,P.K.Chi et Z.D.Jiang,鹅掌柴拟茎点霉Phomopsis schefflerae P.G.Xi,P.K.Chi et Z.D.Jiang和一个新组合:鹅掌柴茎点霉Phoma scheffleri (Chen) P.G.Xi et P.K.Chi。新种提供了拉丁文简介、描述和绘图,研究的标本保存在华南农业大学真菌标本室。  相似文献   

8.
基于小麦白粉病菌rDNA ITS序列的PCR分子检测   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
 Wheat powdery mildew(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici) is the one of main wheat diseases in China.Based on the internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences of ribosome of B.graminis f.sp.tritici,three molecular primer pairs(F1/R,F2/R and F3/R) were designed to detect the fungal pathogen of wheat powdery mildew.The species specificity of these primers was confirmed.F1/R was demonstrated a higher sensitivity than the other two primer pairs,and could detect as low as 1 pg DNA of B.graminis f.sp.tritici.Furthermore,F1/R primer pair was used to detect the pathogen DNA extracted from wheat leaves showing chlorosis and typical symptoms of powdery mildew caused by artificial inoculation with B.graminis f.sp.tritici.The preliminary results demonstrated the usefulness of this primer pair and its potential applications in efficient detection of wheat powdery mildew pathogen from leaves with latent infections at early growth stages of wheat.  相似文献   

9.
自然条件下,对5种胡枝子属植物光合作用日进程和光响应进行了观测,结果表明5种胡枝子净光合速率的日变化在夏季表现为双峰曲线,有光合"午休"现象。牛枝子、达乌里胡枝子、阴山胡枝子、截叶胡枝子和尖叶胡枝子日平均光合速率分别为3.75μmol CO2.m-2.s-1、3.55μmol CO2.m-2.s-1、3.37μmolCO2.m-2.s-1、4.45μmol CO2.m-2.s-1、3.78μmol CO2.m-2.s-1;光补偿点分别为38.23μmol.m-2.s-1、43.24μmol.m-2.s-1、13.75μmol.m-2.s-1、36.11μmol.m-2.s-1和45.46μmol.m-2.s-1;光饱和点分别为:1225μmol.m-2.s-1、1262.6μmol.m-2.s-1、1287.5μmol.m-2.s-1、1462.5μmol.m-2.s-1和1312.5μmol.m-2.s-1显示了阳生植物特性。表观量子效率分别为0.034、0.037、0.32、0.036和0.033,可看出5种胡枝子叶片光能转化效率低,其对光的响应敏感性较差。因此,这5种胡枝子对光环境适应能力强,适合在较大范围栽植。  相似文献   

10.
根据历年采自新疆各地区的350号木灵藓属Orthotrichum 植物标本,在查阅大量文献的基础上,通过经典分类学方法,对新疆木灵藓属植物进行了整理、鉴定和分类。结果表明:新疆有木灵藓属植物5亚属、17种,包括裸孔亚属subg. Gymnoporus (6种) 、直叶亚属subg. Orthophyllum (1种)、疣叶亚属subg. Pulchella (5种)、圆孔亚属subg. Phaneroporum (1种)、木灵藓亚属subg. Orthotrichum (4种),其中高山木灵藓Orthotrichum alpestre Hornsch. ex B.S.G为中国新记录种;中国木灵藓O. hookeri Wils. ex Mitt.、东亚木灵藓O. ibukiense Toy.、短丛木灵藓O. pumilum Sw. 和卷叶木灵藓O. revolutum C. Muell. 为新疆新记录种。通过对新疆新记录种的生境、识别特征、采集地点、地理分布、海拔等信息的整理分析,绘制了4个种的线条图,并编制了新疆木灵藓属植物的分亚属和分种检索表。  相似文献   

11.
本文记述了目前世界上认可的肾状线虫属Rotylenchulus sp.已知的10个种的重要鉴定特征、世界分布和寄主范围。这10个种包括越南肾状线虫R.anamictus,短管肾状线虫R.brevitubulus,北方贝肾状线虫R.borealis,短尾肾状线虫R.clavicaudatus,离异肾状线虫R.leptus,大囊肾状线虫R.macrodoratus,长肾状线虫R.macrosoma,微小肾状线虫R.parvus,肾形肾状线虫R.reniformis,甘蔗肾状线虫R.sacchari。  相似文献   

12.
印丽萍  邓晟  康林  叶军  易建平 《植物检疫》2004,18(5):262-265
根据高粱属核糖体基因转录间隔区(ITS)序列设计通用引物S9/S3,分别扩增了假高粱及其几个近似种的ITS区段,并对PCR产物进行了序列测定和分析.扩增的序列长度为559~564bp.序列分析的结果表明S. halepense、 S. silk、 S. vulgare×S. sudanense、 S. vulgare、高粱S. bicolor等属于同一聚类组,亲缘关系比较近,同源性为97.9%~100%.S. nitidum和S. versicolor属于另一个聚类组,亲缘关系比较近,同源性为97.7%.S. halepense和S. nitidum、S. versicolor ITS区序列差异大,亲缘关系较远,同源性仅为90.3%.序列分析结果支持S. nitidum属于Parasorghum区组.  相似文献   

13.
河南省小麦赤霉病菌种群组成及致病力分化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 为明确河南省小麦赤霉病种群组成和致病力分化情况,2007—2014年对河南省15个市84个田块的327个小麦赤霉病菌进行种群鉴定、毒素化学型分析和致病力分化研究,结果表明:Fusarium graminearum s. str.和F. asiaticum是河南省小麦赤霉病的优势种群(97%),F. pseudograminearum(2.1%)、F. culmorum(0.3%)、F. equiseti(0.3%)、F. verticillioids(0.3%)为次要种群;对于禾谷镰刀菌复合群来说,豫北地区分布只有F. graminearum s. str.,豫中地区F. graminearum s. str.和F. asiaticum都存在,以F. graminearum s. str.为主,豫南地区F. graminearum s. str.和F. asiaticum都存在,以F. asiaticum为主;291个F. graminearum s. str.都为15ADON类型,26个F. asiaticum菌株中22个为3ADON,1个为15ADON,3个为NIV类型;F. graminearum s. str.(15ADON)也存在致病力分化,强、中、弱致病力的菌株在河南省的比例约为2:2:1。  相似文献   

14.
不同桉树品系对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂抗性研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本研究选择了在我国主要桉树种植区内种植面积大或具有推广潜力的12个优良桉树品系,在广东肇庆、阳江和湛江3个样地进行抗桉树枝瘿姬小蜂试验,结果表明M1(Eucalyptus urophylla×E.tereticornis)、雷9(E.urophylla×E.tereticornis)为高抗品系,DH3229(E.urophylla×E.grandis)、DH3228(E.urophylla×E.grandis)、DH3226(E.urophylla×E.grandis)、LH1(E.urophylla×E.tereticornis)、金光21(E.jinguang No.21)、广3(E.wetarensis×E.marginata)和广林9(E.grandis×E.urophylla)等7个品系为抗虫品系,邓恩桉(E.dunnii)和雷11(E.urophylla×E.tereticornis)为感虫品系,Eg5(E.grandis)为高感品系。不同品系的感染虫瘿数量差异显著,Eg5的丛枝状等级较其它品系高,其它11个品系间的丛枝状等级也表现出不同程度的差异。  相似文献   

15.
通过对什刹海北岸植硅体进行分类,并运用植硅体示暖指数分析、对应分析的方法,恢复了北京什刹海地区从西汉-元初的古气候与古环境变化,西汉至元初什刹海气候可以分为两个阶段。I期:西汉晚期-唐早期(1980a.B.P-1295a.B.P)总体为冷期,其中西汉晚期-东汉早中期(1980a.B.P-1820a.B.P)、东晋早期-唐早期(1680a.B.P-1295a.B.P)为凉温气候,东汉晚期-东晋早期1820a.B.P-1680a.B.P为剖面最寒冷时期。II期:唐早期-元初(1295a.B.P-580a.B.P)为暖期,气温整体较温暖,内部有小的波动。剖面中芦苇扇型植硅体、硅藻和海绵骨针的出现印证了什刹海低湿地的微环境。另外,什刹海剖面发现的水稻扇型植硅体,为单一依靠历史文献研究历史地理问题提供了新的实证。  相似文献   

16.
(本刊网站截至2011年5月15日各栏目全文下载次数前2名)专论与综述1.王帅宇,雷仲仁,董保信,等.分子标记技术在斑潜蝇中的应用进展2.胡林峰,杨靖华,周琳,等.植物源抗真菌活性物质研究进展研究报告1.郑卉,何兴金.苋属4种外来有害杂草在中国的适生区预测2.马英元,栾非时,马鸿艳,等.甜瓜白粉病内生拮抗细菌的筛选鉴定及其防治效果的研究  相似文献   

17.
大蒜是一种植物鳞茎 ,作为肉牛饲料添加剂尚未见报道。本文研究的目的是 :研究大蒜对肉牛增重的影响。试验选用西门塔尔杂交后代公牛 3 8头其中 3 5头牛随机分为七组 ,大蒜组 A( 50 g/ d.头 )、D( 1 0 0 g/ d.头 )、F( 1 50 g/ d.头 ) ;大蒜素组 C( 0 .2 g/ d.头 )、E( 0 .4g/ d.头 )、G( 0 .6g/ d.头 ) ;对照组。试验采用完全拉丁方设计。试验结果表明 :1 .大蒜在添加 74.6g/ d.头左右 ,对肉牛增重有明显的促进作用 ,Y=-0 .0 0 2 2 x2 +0 .3 2 8x+2 8.3 2 ,R2 =0 .972 8( Y为增重 ,X大蒜用量 )。 2 .当大蒜素添加量为 0 .3 5g/ d.头时肉牛体增重最高 ,y=-92 .5x2 +65.4x+2 7.3 3 R2 =0 .91 96( Y为增重 ,X大蒜素用量 )。 3 .大蒜促进肉牛增重的主要成分是大蒜素  相似文献   

18.
Ants (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) play an important role in seed bank, seedling establishment andplant composition of arid ecosystems. Thus, knowing plant-ant interaction provides useful information formanagers to design restoration and conservation plans. In this study, the roles of desert harvester ants (Messorintermedius and Messor melancholicus) and scavenger ants (Cataglyphis nodus and Lepisiota semenovi) on plantcommunities were investigated in arid ecosystems of southeastern Iran. Two vegetation types weredistinguished in the study area and the nest density of ant species was determined. Furthermore, plantcomposition and soil seed bank were estimated at different distances from the ant nests. Results showed thatthe density of M. intermedius and M. melancholicus nests was higher in dwarf shrub-shrub vegetation type and thedensity of C. nodus and L. semenovi nests was higher in dwarf shrub vegetation type. The harvester and scavengerants had enhanced the seed bank to 55% and 70%, respectively. Therefore, the role of scavenger ants on theplant communities' seed bank was greater than that of harvester ants. Although the scavenger ants were moreinfluential on the annuals and the invasive plant species, the radius impact of the harvester ants on theperennials was greater, i.e., a positive interaction existed between the perennial plants and the harvester ants. C.nodus and L. semenovi played an important role in enhancing the ecosystem's potential for restoration throughestablishment of pioneer species in early stage of succession. The activity of M. intermedius is crucial for thedevelopment and maintenance of climax plant communities in arid ecosystems through assisting the plantspecies' establishment in late stage of succession. It is essential to preserve the diversity of these key ant speciesfor the maintenance and sustainability of shrubs in arid ecosystems.  相似文献   

19.
祁连山区沙棘人工林生态经济效益分析   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
通过对沙棘人工造林效果的调查,分析总结出了沙棘人工林的生长规律;沙棘地上生物量随年龄增长之间有Y=0. 0002X5 -0. 0658X4 +0. 686X3 -2. 5659X2 +2. 2501X+3.3027(R=0. 96)的规律;沙棘产果量与地上生物量之间有Y=-0. 0819+0. 2299X-0. 0018X2(R=0. 99)的规律;沙棘结实和经济系数有随着树龄的增大而增大,石砾河滩至生长10年以后开始逐渐下降的规律;进一步分析了沙棘人工林对改善土壤物理性质的作用和生态水文功能。结果表明:沙棘林可降低土壤容重,增加土壤含水量; 10年生沙棘林枯落物厚度平均在1~3cm,枯落物重22t/hm2,水容量为绝干重的2. 12 ~4. 25倍;蓄水量达13. 65 ~23. 37t/hm2;林冠郁闭度在0. 7~0. 8时,林冠对降雨的截留量为39. 3%;林地0 ~20cm土壤的初渗率为16. 165#/min是对照区的8. 7倍;稳渗率为2. 4#/min是对照区的2. 53倍。  相似文献   

20.
1 会议基本情况 国际食品法典委员会(CAC)第31届大会于2008年6月30日至7月4日在瑞士日内瓦国际会议中心召开.来自138个成员国、1个成员组织(欧盟)、44个国际政府间组织与非政府组织的505位代表出席了会议.本届大会由CAC主席Claude J.S.Mosha博士(坦桑尼亚)主持.世界卫生组织(WHO)助理总干事D.Heymann先生和联合国粮农组织(FAO)农业及消费者保护部部长E.Boutri份别代表WHO和FAO总干事致辞.  相似文献   

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