共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
将KNO 3、CaCl 2、DA-6、KH 2PO 4、FeSO 4·7H 2O、MgSO 4·7H 2O和蔗糖7种物质组合配制复合型抗盐剂,以‘济麦22’为研究材料,采用水培法,探讨了不同浓度(0.2%、0.4%和0.6%)盐(NaCl)胁迫下,施加不同浓度(10%、20%和30%)抗盐剂对种子萌发及后续幼苗生长的影响,并提出了适合小麦的抗盐剂配方。结果表明：(1)30%、20%、10%抗盐剂分别对0.2%、0.4%、0.6%NaCl胁迫下小麦种子萌发的促进效果最好,发芽率分别提高了6.4%、12.0%、26.5%。(2)0.6%NaCl胁迫下添加抗盐剂,根干质量显著增加了29.7%～35.9%;在抗盐剂作用下,光合速率分别提高了67.5%～90.0%(0.2%NaCl胁迫)、13.3%～51.5%(0.4%NaCl胁迫)和0.4%～25.5%(0.6%NaCl胁迫),且30%抗盐剂显著增强了0.2%NaCl胁迫下小麦的光合作... 相似文献
2.
以剑麻幼苗为材料,探讨了不同浓度NaCl模拟盐胁迫对剑麻幼苗根毛生长的影响,及胁迫下叶片膜相对透性、丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量及过氧化物酶(POD)活性和同工酶的变化。结果表明,0.4%NaCl对剑麻根毛的生长抑制作用较轻,且随着NaCl胁迫浓度提高和时间增加,剑麻幼苗根毛受损伤的程度加强;同时叶片膜相对透性和丙二醛(MDA)含量明显升高。本研究结果还表明,较高的盐胁迫引起了剑麻幼苗脯氨酸含量和POD活性的显著增加,以及POD同工酶图谱的变化,因此,推断剑麻幼苗可能通过提高游离脯氨酸含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性来抵抗NaCl的胁迫伤害作用,提高其对盐分的适应性。 相似文献
3.
以盆栽1年生文冠果幼苗为试材,采用不同浓度NaCl溶液(0.0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%)对文冠果幼苗进行盐胁迫处理,测定了胁迫处理下文冠果幼苗株高、地径、生物量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、抗坏血酸酶(APX)活性、质膜透性、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量等指标,研究了不同程度NaCl胁迫对文冠果幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明:随着NaCl浓度的提高,文冠果幼苗的株高生长量、地径生长量、地上部分和根及全株干质量均呈显著下降趋势(p<0.05);随着NaCl浓度的升高,文冠果叶片SOD活性呈先上升后下降趋势,在0.4%Na CI处理下SOD活性达到最大值;过氧化氢酶活性、抗坏血酸酶活性呈显著下降趋势(p<0.05);而相对电导率、脯氨酸含量、MDA含量呈升高趋势。总体看来,低浓度的NaCl胁迫对文冠果幼苗生长的抑制作用不明显,而较高浓度的NaCl胁迫则具有明显的抑制作用。在试验处理结束后,供试文冠幼苗并没有全部死亡且大多数能够存活,结合各项指标检测结果,可以初步断定文冠果对Na CI胁迫具有较强的耐受性。 相似文献
4.
利用不同浓度梯度的NaCl单质盐水灌溉试验,研究盐胁迫对文冠果叶片各项生理指标的影响,进而评价文冠果的耐盐特性。试验结果表明:盐胁迫下,文冠果叶片细胞膜相对透性随胁迫浓度的增大而增大,最大时达56.90%,是对照的2.94倍;MDA(丙二醛)含量也有不同程度的增大,SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)和POD(过氧化物酶)活性较对照基本均有所增加,可溶性糖含量也有一定的积累,在0.4%时达到最大值为0.72g/g·FW,可以缓解由盐溶液引起的渗透胁迫,文冠果在一定范围内有一定耐盐性。 相似文献
5.
研究水杨酸(SA)浸种对盐胁迫下棉花幼苗光合特性的影响,以2个对盐胁迫敏感程度不同的"中棉所41号(耐盐品种)"和"中棉所49号(中等耐盐品种)"棉花品种为试验材料,采用盆栽培养法,研究不同浓度SA浸种对NaCl胁迫下棉花幼苗生长、光合及叶绿素荧光动力学的影响。结果显示:(1)0.80%NaCl致使两棉花品种的株高、叶面积、干物质积累量、叶绿素含量以及净光合速率下降,且叶片的PSII反应中心和受体侧受到伤害,其中中棉所41号的净光合速率比未用NaCl处理的降低17.19%,中棉所49号的降低19.46%。(2)SA浸种处理可以减缓盐胁迫对棉花的伤害,促进植株生长,有效地调节光合结构和气孔开度,促进光合色素的积累。(3)SA能引发棉花的自我抵御盐胁迫机制,0.80%NaCl胁迫下,0.05 mmol·L~(-1)SA的缓解效果优于0.10 mmol·L~(-1)SA处理。0.05 mmol·L~(-1)SA浸种对棉花盐胁迫的幼苗生长有促进作用,从而抵御盐胁迫逆境的伤害。 相似文献
6.
研究了在不同盐分胁迫下枸杞叶片甜菜碱含量、叶绿素荧光动力学参数和叶绿体色素含量的动态变化。结果表明,枸杞叶片叶绿素荧光参数(Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm、Fm/Fo、Fv/Fo)随盐浓度的增加呈现下降的趋势,叶绿体色素(chla、chlb、chla/chlb)含量在低盐浓度下(0.3%NaCl)呈升高趋势,高盐浓度(0.6%～0.9%NaCl)下则均下降,随胁迫时间的延长,以上各参数均呈先下降后上升的总趋势,而类胡萝卜素与叶绿素的比值(car/chl)则随盐浓度的增加及胁迫时间的延长逐渐上升。枸杞叶片甜菜碱含量在一定范围内随盐浓度的增加以及胁迫时间的延长呈逐渐积累的趋势。初步证明盐胁迫下枸杞叶片甜菜碱的积累与叶绿素荧光及叶绿体色素含量的变化有关,这也可能是枸杞抗盐的重要生理原因之一。 相似文献
7.
以枸杞离体叶片为材料,研究NaCl胁迫下外源Ca2+和H2O2对枸杞离体叶片叶绿体中O2·产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量及抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响.结果表明:在NaCl胁迫下O2·产生速率呈上升趋势,丙二醛含量增大,保护酶APX、CAT、POD活性较对照升高.在NaCl胁迫下,加入外源Ca2+和H2O2时丙二醛(MDA)含量和O2·产生速率较单纯NaCl胁迫下降低;保护酶APX、CAT、POD活性较单纯NaCl胁迫下升高.表明外源Ca2+和H2O2在一定程度上可以缓解NaCl胁迫对植物体造成的伤害. 相似文献
8.
为探究NaCl胁迫下Si对甘草抗逆生理特性的影响,通过盆栽试验,研究不同浓度Si对甘草叶片抗氧化酶活性(SOD、POD、CAT)、MDA含量、质膜相对透性以及可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量的影响。结果表明,Si2(0.2g·kg-1)处理为最适浓度,可显著提高甘草叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性,与对照(Si0)相比,这3种酶活性在Si2处理下分别增加37.44%、26.98%、35.16%;Si3(0.6 g·kg-1)处理显著降低膜脂过氧化物MDA含量;增加质膜相对透性、可溶性蛋白含量;降低脯氨酸含量,MDA含量降低35.63%;质膜相对透性增加17.69%;可溶性蛋白含量增加36.62%;脯氨酸含量降低38.15%。由此可见,Si可以通过提高抗氧化酶活性来减轻活性氧及自由基对甘草叶片的毒害作用,即加Si可改善甘草在NaCl胁迫中的抗逆特性,缓解了NaCl胁迫对甘草的伤害。 相似文献
9.
对农杆菌介导S6PDH基因导入麝香百合的转化植株和对照进行盐胁迫处理,通过测定相关生理指标,对其抗盐性进行评价。研究结果表明:随着盐胁迫(10 g/L NaCl)时间延长,转化苗叶片与对照的电导率和MDA含量均呈上升趋势,可溶性蛋白含量均下降,同时SOD、POD、CAT、APX酶活性均呈先升后降趋势;但在整个胁迫过程中,转化苗电导率和MDA含量均小于对照,可溶性蛋白含量比对照高,且具有比对照更高的酶活性,通过差异显著性分析,差异达显著水平。说明转化苗已经明显表现出了较强的抗盐性。 相似文献
10.
对枸杞幼苗进行不同浓度(NaCl)处理后的荧光特性和活性氧代谢的研究结果表明:随着浓度的升高,叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,фPSII呈降低趋势,非光化学猝灭效率(NPQ)在轻度胁迫时有所升高,随着盐浓度的加重使NPQ下降;随着盐浓度地升高,保护酶SOD、POD、CAT活性有不同程度地升高,但是H2O2含量和O2-.产生速率也增高,说明枸杞叶片活性氧不能及时清除而造成光合速率的下降,从而使光合机构受到破坏,同时也说明枸杞幼苗对NaCl轻度胁迫(0.3%)和短期胁迫(4d)有一定的适应能力。 相似文献
11.
通过温室水培试验,研究了秧苗期水分胁迫(PEG模拟)对水稻苗期生长生理特性的影响.结果表明:短期(5d)轻度水分胁迫,水稻秧苗的根冠比、叶片硝酸还原酶活性、根系活力和根系电导率提高;且根冠比随氮素水平的上升而降低,而叶片硝酸还原酶活性和根系活力则相反;随水分胁迫时期的延长,根冠比增加趋势减弱,硝酸还原酶活性和根系活力降低.轻度水分胁迫对叶片叶绿素、丙二醛、各器官可溶性糖和氮含量的影响不大. 相似文献
12.
The ability of hexaconazole (HEX) to ameliorate salinity stress was studied in canola plants ( Brassica napus L.). Canola seedlings were subjected to sodium chloride (NaCl) treatment. A treatment with 200 mM NaCl reduced growth parameters, chlorophyll content and protein content as well as increased the proline (Pro) content in canola plants. In addition, NaCl stress increased the endogenous, nonenzymatic antioxidants and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7), superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6). When these plants were treated with a combination of NaCl and 50 mg L −1 HEX, the inhibitory effects of NaCl stress were decreased by increasing the root growth, shoot growth, dry weight (DW), chlorophyll content, protein content and antioxidant enzyme activity by ameliorating the salinity injury. These results suggested that HEX has an important role in the enhancement of plant antioxidant systems and resistance to salinity in canola plants. 相似文献
13.
Abiotic stress has a negative impact on plant physiology, influencing the overall growth and development of plant crops. Saline stress is one of the most serious environmental issues limiting crop plant production. Biofertilizers are reparative elements used in soil to increase tolerance to salinity and drought stress. We investigated the effect of salinity stress on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cherry tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme) with biofertilizer application 0, 15 and 30 days after transplanting in this study. After different days of transplantation, different levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, and 150?mM) were used with biofertilizer (Azospirillum sp. and Azotobacter sp.) application (0, 15 and 30 days). The salinity (150?mM NaCl) significantly affected the studied variables, which were recorded with minimum levels of leaf area (52.42?cm2), root length (6.54?cm), fresh root weight (13.64?g), yield (6.52 tons/ha), leaf chlorophyll content (36.11?mg/m2) and maximum levels of total soluble solids (TSS, 8.87 °Brix). Control samples had higher leaf area (58.35?cm2), root length (15.23?cm), fresh root weight (17.86?g), yield (9.39 tons/ha), leaf chlorophyll content (44.09?mg/m2), and lower TSS (7.93 °Brix). Plants that received biofertilizer (15 days after transplanting) had higher plant height (73.41?cm), stem diameter (0.74?cm), leaf area (61.16?cm2), root length (15.35?cm), fresh root weight (18.38?g), root dry matter (60.41%), yield (10.43?t/ha), leaf chlorophyll content (42.55?mg/m2), fruit dry matter content (10.12?g), pH 4.52, and TSS (9.30 °Brix). The minimum plant height (51.33?cm), stem diameter (0.55?cm), leaf area (49.60?cm2), root length (7.04?cm), fresh root weight (12.76?g), root dry matter (42.16?g), yield (5.15 tons/ha), leaf chlorophyll content (35.18?mg/m2), fruit dry matter content (6.59?g), pH 4.27 and TSS (7.55 °Brix) were recorded in plants with no application of biofertilizer. The present study revealed that most growth and quality variables were negatively affected by salinity except for TSS, which showed positive effect with application of 150?mM of NaCl. Biofertilizer application at 15 days significantly influences the quantitative and qualitative attributes of cherry tomato under different levels of salinity. 相似文献
14.
为提高油菜苗期抗旱性鉴定效率,筛选抗旱优异种质,以具有代表性的79份油菜为研究材料,通过PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫和盆栽苗期干旱存活率试验,分析油菜苗期在干旱胁迫下鲜重、干重、叶面积、相对含水量和抗氧化酶活性等12个指标的变化规律,结合抗旱系数和抗旱度量值(D值)为衡量指标,对油菜材料进行了抗旱性综合评价。结果表明,7个抗旱指标表现出显著差异,其中地上鲜重和叶面积平均降幅分别为69.5%和57.9%,过氧化物酶(POD)和脯氨酸(Pro)平均增加67.2%和294%。利用抗旱性度量D值评价不同品种的抗旱性,筛选出39个干旱敏感品种、8个抗旱品种、32个中度抗旱品种。D值与相对含水量(0.221~*)、地上鲜重(0.297~(**))、地上干重(0.253~*)、地下鲜重(0.321~(**))、地下干重(0.324~(**))、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(0.276~*)、POD活性(0.496~(**))和Pro含量(0.745~(**))均呈显著正相关,可作为油菜苗期抗旱性鉴定的辅助指标。 相似文献
15.
鉴于在干旱区农业中利用盐水资源的需求,我们对霸王树在水培生长中的抗盐性进行了研究。NaCl浓度范围为5(对照)至200molm~(-3)。结果表明,叶状枝的生长对盐敏感,在盐浓度为50molm~(-3)时,生长量为对照的60%。根茎比仅在浓度为200molm~(-3)时才显著降低。对其它不同指标也进行了研究,例如水分含量、Na、K及Cl含量、渗透压和CO_2吸收等。这些指标中,叶状枝水分含量和CO_2吸收的降低均与叶状枝生长降低相联系。含盐量增高使叶状枝渗透压增加,这同组织脱水有关。我们认为霸王树在盐水胁迫下不产生渗透压的调节作用。 相似文献
16.
The effect of degree of water stress in Avena sativa on diclofop-methyl efficacy was assessed. Within 24 h of applying stress by adding mannitol to the root medium (0 to 12.5%), the rate of leaf extension of the youngest leaves (leaves 3 and 4) decreased with increasing mannitol concentration. Without water stress, application of diclofop-methyl had little effect on extension rate of leaves 3 and 4 during the first 4 days after spraying. Subsequently, it caused a significant decrease in the extension rate of leaf 4 with more pronounced effects on later leaves. Diclofop-methyl had little effect on leaf extension rate of plants given mannitol. Shoot dry weight at harvest for unsprayed plants decreased with increased mannitol concentration and for sprayed plants it was greater without mannitol than with mannitol (all levels). However, at mannitol concentrations greater than 4%, shoot dry weight for sprayed and unsprayed plants was not significantly different. Sprayed plants exposed to 2–8.5% mannitol produced seed heads but those at zero mannitol did not. When the root medium of all treatments was flushed of mannitol one week after spraying, then main-tained without mannitol, shoot dry weight at harvest for unsprayed plants decreased slightly with increased mannitol concentration applied initially. However, shoot dry weight for sprayed plants increased with increased mannitol concentration. Without mannitol two weeks after spraying, chlorophyll concentrations of leaves 3 and 4 were greater and water saturation deficit (WSD) values were lower for unsprayed plants than sprayed plants but there were no differences at 6.2% mannitol. It is proposed that tolerance to diclofop-methyl by A. sativa as a result of water stress, is primarily due to a decreased rate of leaf expansion resulting in lower demand for membrane synthesis and less strain on membranes damaged by the herbicide. 相似文献
17.
This study aims at quantifying the effects of defoliation on seed production and germination in Buddleja davidii , and determining the potential for reducing the invasive success of the species. The effects of defoliation on seed production and germination at the flower spike and plant levels were investigated for control plants and plants that were defoliated by 66% at monthly intervals from mid-summer (January) to mid-autumn (April). Seed samples for germination were collected in late autumn (May). Defoliation reduced flower spike number per shoot, seed number per flower spike and average seed mass by 9%, 22% and 13% and 30%, 33% and 17% on main and side shoots, respectively. In contrast, emergent leaf area per shoot in the defoliated plants exceeded that for the control plants by 89%. The ratio of total seed mass per plant/emergent leaf area per shoot was significantly lower in the defoliated compared with the control plants by 50%. Defoliation did not affect the timing or rate of seed germination. Defoliation of B. davidii resulted in a marked decrease in reproductive capacity, consistent with the priority allocation of resources to compensational leaf area growth. 相似文献
18.
The combined effects of NaCl-salinity and phosphorus deficiency on biomass production, nutritional status, and photosynthetic activity were studied in Catapodium rigidum: an annual Poacea with fodder potential. Plants were grown in hydroponic conditions for 55 days under two phosphorus (P) supply: 5 (low) or 180?µmol KH 2PO 4 (sufficient), in the absence or presence of 100?mM NaCl. Obtained results demonstrated that both salinity and P deficiency treatments applied separately reduced substantially plant growth and CO 2 assimilation rate with a more marked impact of salt stress. Salinity has no substantial effect on both shoot P concentrations and phosphorus acquisition efficiency independently of P availability. The highest decrease in plant growth (?91%) was observed in plants simultaneously submitted to both stresses suggesting an additive effect of the two stresses and that P deficiency increased the susceptibility of C. rigidum to salinity. This may be linked to a significant decrease in potassium acquisition (?95%), K/Na selectivity ratio (?73%), stomatal conductance (?66%), CO 2 assimilation rate (?64%), and shoot water content (66%). Furthermore, plants cultivated under combined salinity and sufficient P supply displayed higher stomatal conductance, CO 2 assimilation rate, K/Na selectivity ratio, and plant growth than plants cultivated under combined effects of salinity and P deficiency. These results suggest that adding P to saline soils could be an alternative for alleviating the negative effects of salinity and may ameliorate salinity tolerance. 相似文献
19.
Salinity affects many areas in our country and around the world, resulting in dramatic reductions in plant yields. In this study, the plant yield, some plant quality parameters, and soil salinity in the plant root area were investigated by irrigating tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) with different salinity irrigation waters. The experiment was carried out in pots in 4 replicates according to the randomized plot design. Six different salinity of irrigation water applications were applied in the experiment (S0?=?0.38 dS m?1, S1?=?2 dS m?1, S2?=?5 dS m?1, S3?=?8 dS m?1, S4?=?11 dS m?1, S5?=?15 dS m?1). According to the data obtained at the end of the research, as the salinity of irrigation water increased, plant length, leaf width, leaf length, leaf dry weight and leaf number decreased. It was determined that there was a certain increase in nicotine content in the face of the decrease of all examined physical parameters in irrigation water increase. In addition, the salinity values in the plant root zone soils and the salinity values in the outlet (drainage) water have also increased. Salinity threshold value of the tobacco plant was determined to be 2.04 dS m?1. With an increase in salinity by one unit, there was a 7.1% decrease in leaf dry weight. It was determined that the tobacco plant is vulnerable to salinity based on the data collected. 相似文献
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