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武夷山土壤形成特点与系统分类 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
选取武夷山土壤垂直带中 6个代表性剖面 ,研究了土壤的形成条件和特点 ;按照《中国土壤系统分类 (修订方案 )》 ,鉴定了诊断层和诊断特性 ,检索了土壤系统分类名称 ;随海拔由低到高 ,依次为湿润富铁土—湿润淋溶土—常湿淋溶土—常湿雏形土等亚纲 ;并与发生学分类、美国土壤系统分类 (USST)以及世界土壤资源参比基础 (WRB)等不同分类系统中的土壤类别归属作了参比 相似文献
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《中国土壤系统分类检索》(第三版,CST)关于火山灰土的诊断标准还存在一定问题,需要进一步修订。为此,整理并比较了《世界土壤资源参比基础》(World Reference Base for Soil Resources,WRB,1998—2014版)、美国《土壤系统分类检索》(Keys to Soil Taxonomy,KST)(第3～12版,1987—2012年)、《中国土壤系统分类检索》(首次方案至第三版,1991—2001年)中,关于火山灰土的描述、诊断标准、分类检索和类型划分的演变历程,在此基础上提出了CST关于火山灰土诊断标准和分类检索的修订建议。 相似文献
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本文选取4个典型遗址土壤剖面为研究对象，基于剖面形态和理化性质的分析，根据世界土壤资源参比基础(WRB)、美国土壤系统分类(ST)、中国土壤系统分类(CST)，对供试土壤进行分类归属研究。结果表明，目前的分类方案均不能较好地体现遗址土壤的特征，因此建议在CST人为土土纲中增加技术人为土亚纲，并先被检索出来，下设缓透技术土和遗址技术土土类，分别下设遗址缓透技术土和含磷遗址技术人为土、普通遗址技术人为土亚类。修改方案不仅可以较少地改动土壤系统分类诊断体系，也能够较好地将古人类影响的土壤特征和产生的技术物质融合到新增的“人为缓透或不透层次”或“人工制品”中，作为从古到今所有人类活动和技术物质的一部分，从而实现遗址土壤在系统分类中的归属。 相似文献
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本文应用《中国土壤系统分类（修订方案）》的诊断层和诊断特性，探讨了浙江省平原旱地土壤在中国土壤系统分类中的归属，并比较了土壤系统分类和发生了分类和发生分类对本区土壤划分的异同，最后提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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中国土壤分类法中铁铝土的分类 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
The development of the classification of ferrallitic soils in China is reviewed and the classification of Ferralisols and Ferrisols in Chinese Soil Taxonomy is introduced in order to discuss the correlation between the ferrallitic soil classification in the Chinese Soil Taxonomy and those of the other soil classification systems. In the former soil classification systems of China, the ferrallitic soils were classified into the soil groups of Latosols, Latosolic red soils, Red soils, Yellow soils and Dry red soils, according to the combination of soil-forming conditions, soil-forming processes, soil features and soil properties. In the Chinese Soil Taxonomy, most of ferrallitic soils are classified into the soil orders of Ferralisols and Ferrisols based on the diagnostic horizons and/or diagnostic characteristics with quantitatively defined properties. Ferralisols are the soils that have ferralic horizon, and they are merely subdivided into one suborder and two soil groups. Ferrisols are the soils that have LAC-ferric horizon but do not have ferralic horizon, and they are subdivided into three suborders and eleven soil groups. Ferralisols may correspond to part of Latosols and Latosolic red soils. Ferrisols may either correspond to part of Red soils, Yellow soils and Dry red soils, or correspond to part of Latosols and Latosolic red soils. 相似文献
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The development of the classification of ferrallitic soils in China is reviewed and the classification of Ferralisols and Ferrisols in Chinese Soil Taxonomy is introduced in order to discuss the correlation between the ferrallitic soil classification in the Chinese Soil Taxonomy and those of the other soil classification systems.In the former soil classification systems of China,the ferrallitic soils were classified into the soil groups of Latosols,Latosoilc red soils,Red soils,Yellow soils and Dry red soils,according to the combination of soilforming conditions,soil-forming processes,Soil features and soil properties.In the Chinese Soil Taxonomy,most of ferrallitic soils are classified into the soil orders of Ferralisols and Ferrisols based on the diagnostic horizons and /or diagnostic characteristics with quantitatively defined properties.Ferralisols are the soils that have ferralic horizon,and they are merely subdivided into one suborder and two soil groups.Ferrisols are the soils that have LAC-ferric horizon but do not have ferralic horizon.and they are subdivided into three suborders and eleven soil groups.Ferralisols may correspond to part of Latosols and Latosolic red soils.Ferrisols may either correspond to part of Red soils,Yellow soils and Dry red soils,or correspond to part of Latosols and Latosolic red soils. 相似文献
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The influence of pit and mound microrelief on soil formation was investigated by detailed observations of a cross-section through a pit and mound in a hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) forest in western Massachusetts, in the northeastern United States.Soil forming processes during the last 140 years have led to taxonomically different soils due to this microrelief. Part of the annual precipitation apparently does not infiltrate into the mound but moves laterally through organic surface layers into the pits. This resulted in more intensified translocation of Fe, Al and organic matter in the pit profile. The ensuing soil met the spodic horizon criteria as defined in Soil Taxonomy and was classified as a Lithic Haplorthod. Neighboring, undisturbed soils had pronounced E, Bhs, and Bs horizons, the latter qualifying as spodic horizons on the basis of chemical criteria. These soils, however, did not meet the minimum depth requirement of 12.5 cm for spodic horizons and therefore, were classified as Typic Dystrochrepts. The soil developed in the mound showed less horizon development and was classified as a Typic Dystrochrept.Taxonomic changes resulting from the pit and mound microrelief affected less than 6% of the area and appeared not to have a significant impact on the purity of map delineations. 相似文献
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宁夏引黄灌区灌淤土的成土特点及系统分类研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解宁夏引黄灌区灌淤土的成土特点和系统分类归属,在研究区内挖掘5个典型土壤剖面,经过剖面形态观测和分层取样分析,发现灌淤土主要的成土过程是人为耕作引起的土壤熟化过程、灌溉水和地下水共同作用引起的氧化还原过程以及灌溉水泥沙沉降引起的地表物理堆垫过程,有些地方还有盐渍化过程。依据《中国土壤系统分类检索(第三版)》进行检索、鉴定,发现5个典型剖面的诊断依据有灌淤表层、肥熟表层、雏形层等诊断层和冷性土壤温度状况、石灰性和氧化还原特征等诊断特性以及钙积现象,5个典型剖面分别属于人为土土纲,旱耕人为土亚纲,灌淤旱耕人为土和肥熟旱耕人为土2个土类,斑纹灌淤旱耕人为土、灌淤肥熟旱耕人为土和普通灌淤旱耕人为土3个亚类。依据《中国土壤系统分类土族与土系划分标准》将5个剖面按照控制层段土壤颗粒大小、矿物学类型的不同,初步建立5个土族和5个土系。将典型剖面在不同分类系统中的位置进行参比研究,表明发生分类与系统分类虽然并非简单一对一的关系,但却具有优势的对应关系;5个典型剖面在发生分类中归属为灌淤土土类,在中国土壤系统分类归属中为灌淤旱耕人为土和肥熟旱耕人为土2个土类,在美国土壤系统分类中归属为Inceptisols土纲,Ustepts亚纲和Haplustepts土类;相比之下,发生分类和美国土壤系统分类较为稳定,定量化的中国土壤系统分类分异性较大,使分类更加全面、细化。 相似文献
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选取河南省10个典型含有人工制品的土壤剖面和3个自然土壤剖面作为研究对象,基于剖面形态和理化性质的分析,根据世界土壤资源参比基础(WRB)、美国土壤系统分类(ST)、中国土壤系统分类(CST),对供试土壤进行分类研究。结果表明,WRB中关于人工扰动的前缀修饰词或后缀修饰词不能完全适宜于中国地区的含有人工制品的土壤,而在ST中,含有人工制品的土壤类型出现在各个土纲及其包含的亚类单元,CST中缺乏明确的诊断依据来描述、解释含有人工制品的土壤特征。参照WRB和ST中关于人工制品类别相关标准,提出CST中含有人工制品的土壤定义,新增"技术扰动层"诊断特性,制定CST人工制品类别标准,并将这一标准体现在CST土族命名中,该分类方案能有效体现不同人为活动对土壤的影响结果,一定程度上填补我国对这类土壤分类研究的空白。 相似文献
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B.K. Daly 《Geoderma》1982,28(1):29-38
A method for separating podzols and podzolised soils from other New Zealand soils is proposed. The method is based on measurement of the optical density of acid oxalate extracts of soils. A number of soil leaching sequences and some individual soils are examined.It is assumed that the optical density of the oxalate extracts is due mainly to extracted fulvic acid and that detection of appreciable quantities of this material in the B horizon indicates that podzolisation is an active process in the soil.The technique separated the soils of the leaching sequences well, following the observable increase of podzolic characteristics with increased leaching.When the B horizon/A horizon ODOE (optical density of the oxalate extracts) ratios were compared with the criteria for the spodic horizon in “Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff, 1975), it was found that all soils with a ratio of less than 1.0 did not satisfy spodic horizon criteria and were not classified as podzol/podzolised. All the soils examined with ratios > 1.0 satisfied spodic horizon criteria or were classified as podzol/podzolised, usually both. 相似文献
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皖南紫红色砂石岩上发育土壤的系统分类研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对皖南不同时期紫红色砂石岩上发育的8个土壤剖面,按中国土壤系统分类体系,进行鉴别、检索、分类定名。阐述发生分类紫色土的2个亚类级土壤类型在中国土壤系统分类中归为3个土纲,即均腐土、雏形土和新成土;3个亚纲,即湿润均腐土、湿润雏形土和正常新成土;4个土类和6个亚类。提出按中国土壤系统分类的紫色土分类系统;并与美国土壤系统分类、国际土壤分类参比基础进行了参比。讨论了皖南紫红色砂石岩上发育为均腐土的成土环境条件,同时对发生分类紫色土在中国土壤系统分类类别检索提出修订建议。 相似文献