共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 197 毫秒
1.
不同世代太谷核不育小麦对花药成株的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对太谷核不育小麦杂交一代可育株和不育株,及二、三、四代可育株花药的离体培养,结果表明:1.不育株花药培养能够获得植株再生;2.杂交一代的可育株花药出愈率最高,绿苗分化率亦最高;3.基因型对花药出愈率和绿苗分化率有明显的影响. 相似文献
2.
从谷子不育系及杂交种服性愈伤组织产生的再生植株当代和二代调查中,发现再生植株及后代普遍出现了株高降低、穗长缩短、穗型紧密和分蘖、分枝性增强的趋势。其中产生一些特殊表型株及株型好、抗虫性强的植株,再生不育株不育度提高,再生杂交种R_2代出现了三个饱满度好的大粒性穗行。 相似文献
3.
【目的】探究影响农杆菌介导棉花体细胞转化体系产生的再生植株育性的影响因素。【方法】从载体大小、目的基因大小、不同阶段组织培养时间等因素对6个载体的转基因再生植株当代(T0)育性影响进行分析。【结果】不同载体/目的基因的转基因植株不育率呈现显著差异，但是转基因植株育性与载体大小、目的基因大小之间没有明显关系。进一步研究发现转基因再生植株不育率与胚性愈伤组织分化-植株再生的培养时间呈显著正相关，分化-植株再生培养时间少于110 d、110～130 d、130～150 d、150～170 d、超过170 d的植株不育率分别为19.6%、45.5%、63.8%、72.3%、94.5%；而与诱导愈伤组织形成-胚性愈伤组织分化的持续培养时间没有相关性。【结论】转基因棉花再生植株育性受到胚性愈伤组织持续培养时间的显著影响，缩短胚性愈伤组织到植株再生的培养时间能够提高转基因再生植株的育性。 相似文献
4.
花粉特异性核糖核酸酶基因诱导籼稻雄性不育及其遗传研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以水稻愈伤组织和悬浮细胞系作为基因枪转化的外植体,把水稻花粉特异性基因PS1启动子与barnase构成的嵌合基因导入籼稻,获得籼稻五个品种Basmati 1、青油占、胜优2号,明恢63,新山占29的转基因植株.试验以两个质粒PS1- barnase和pILTAB227共转化的方法,以潮霉素B作为筛选因子,选择抗性愈伤及再生植株.获得的barnase转基因植株的育性比未转化的对照明显降低,表现为部分不育和完全不育.除barnase阳性转化株平均株高比对照有所降低外,营养器官发育正常,雌性可育.完全不育的植株花粉粒畸形,不能被I-KI溶液染色,但它们与正常植株杂交能够获得杂交种子.转基因植株的Sonthern杂交分析表明,bamase基因普遍为多拷贝整合.对转基因植株白交及与非转化株测交后代以点杂交分析bamase转基因的遗传行为,发现转基因的遗传符合1～3个插入位点的孟德尔遗传模式. 相似文献
5.
对节节麦(2n=2x=14)×六倍体小黑麦(2n=6x=42)杂种胚培养植株和胚愈伤组织再生植株的育性比较,发现杂种胚愈伤组织再生植株育性有较大的变异。8株胚培养杂种植株的平均育性为0.87％(0.39％～1.40％),同期抽穗的杂种胚愈伤组织再生植株的平均育性为0.75％(0～5.39％)。细胞学研究表明杂种F_1可育性是由于未减数配子产生的结果,在一些PMCs中,单价体中期Ⅰ集结到赤道板上,后期Ⅰ分裂失败形成再组核,再组核分裂产生二分体或细胞质提前分裂产生有核和无核子细胞,有核子细胞分裂产生未减数配子。细胞学研究揭示再生植株的育性和染色体数目和配对构型无关而和单价体中期Ⅰ在赤道板上的集结程度呈正相关。远缘杂种F_1再生植株的育性变异为克服杂种不育提供了技术途径。 相似文献
6.
雄性不育基因对棉花的遗传转化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用TA29、A6、A9三启动子功能区与barnase基因融合构建的不育基因以农杆菌介导法对棉花下胚轴进行了遗传转化,通过胚状体途径获得了转基因再生植株.利用150 mg·L-1高浓度卡那霉素(Km)对转化初期筛选出的再生苗进行再次筛选,提高了转化株的选出率.通过PCR检测和Southern dot blot分析从转基因胚状体再生植株中获得了带有barnase不育基因的120株转基因植株.进行转基因植株生物学性状检测和观察表明,所获得的转基因植株对溴苯腈表现出了明显的抗性,并从不育基因转化植株中筛选出了具有明显不育特征的雄性不育株. 相似文献
7.
研究了以陆地棉（Ｃｈｉｒｓｕｔｕｍ）晋棉７号、冀合３２１、冀棉７１３、珂字棉３２１、珂字棉２０１等品种为外植体的体细胞培养获得再生突变不育株的形态性状及减数分裂过程中染色体的行为。与再生可育株相比，不育株的株型、分枝、叶、花各器官均较小。花柱、柱头、花丝、花药小而呈萎缩干瘪状，花药不开裂。减数分裂不正常，染色体普遍丢失减少，不能正常配对，出现很多单价体和染色体桥。产生二分体、三分体和多分体，也有正常的四分体。雌配子体和雌配子发育也不正常，胚囊结构不完整，反足细胞迟迟解体，表现雌雄不育。 相似文献
8.
9.
棉花核不育系豫98-8A育性遗传分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了阐明1999年从转基因后代遗传群体中发现的1株雄性不育植株不育基因的遗传规律及其与现有不育基因的等位性,采用表型观察测量,以及经典的自交和测交手段,研究了该不育材料败育性状的遗传规律。花器官形态特征调查表明：不育株花柱长和花柱外露长度均明显高于同质系的正常可育株,而每朵花的子房直径及花药数量没有明显差异。遗传分析表明：杂合体可育株自交,后代不育株与可育株呈3:1分离,不育株与杂合姊妹可育株测交,不育株与可育株呈1:1分离,表明该核不育材料受隐性单位点控制;与阆A(msc1)、洞A(msc3)等育性位点杂合可育株分别杂交,其F1代单株育性均得到恢复。由其F1代产生的F1:2家系中均出现不育株与可育株呈1:3和7:9两个育性分离群体,表明该材料败育基因为不同于阆A、洞A的不育基因位点。 相似文献
10.
光敏核不育不稻存在BT型等位不育基因及其遗传关系的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
农垦５８ｓ及其转育于不同遗传背景的光敏核不育水稻与ＢＴ型不育水稻六千辛Ａ和寒丰Ａ杂交，得到的Ｆ１植株完全不育，证明农垦５８ｓ不育的２对稳性基因中有１对来源于农垦５８，即为与ＢＴ型水稻等位的不育基因。 相似文献
11.
中国首例燕麦雄性不育的发现及遗传鉴定 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对1994年发现的我国首例燕麦雄性不育材料进行了特征特性的观察和细胞学鉴定、以及不育性遗传的研究,结果表明:(1)该材料不育度为100%,属“无花粉型”的雄性不育,不育株小抱子败育发生在四分体形成后期到花粉粒形成早期阶段。(2)不育株与不同品种测交的F1代,6个组合表现育性恢复,2个组合出现一些完全不育株;恢复育性的植 相似文献
12.
A male sterile line with dominant gene (Ms) in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and its utilization for hybrid seed production 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Zhiyuan Fang Peitian Sun Yumei Liu Limei Yang Xiaowu Wang Anfu Hou Chunsong Bian 《Euphytica》1997,97(3):265-268
A male sterile plant, 79-399-3, was identified from a spring cabbage line 79-399 in 1979. Light-microscopic studies with paraffin
section indicated that meiotic division stopped at the tetrad stage. The ratio of male sterile plants to fertile plants in
the progenies of test crosses was 1:1 in five experiments conducted in 1982 and 1991–1994. However, some male sterile plants
were sensitive and developed a very low number of viable pollen grains. When sensitive male sterile plants were selfed, the
progenies segregated into male sterile and fertile plants at a ratio of 3:1. The male sterile plants from selfing of sensitive
male sterile plants were propagated by tissue culture and crossed with different inbred lines. From the progenies of the crosses,
populations with 100% male sterile plants were observed. The results indicated that homozygous dominant male sterile (MsMs)
plants segregated from the selfed progenies. Populations with 100% male sterile plants and stable male sterility were developed
as male sterile lines. Several favorable combinations were also selected by crossing the male sterile lines with inbred lines
with high combining ability for desirable horticultural characters.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
Summary A monogenic dominant male sterility is used for hybrid production in autumn and winter cauliflower. The ratio of male sterile plants in the backcross progenies of autumn cauliflower was 1:1 over five years (1987–1991). However, a significant deficit of male sterile plants was observed in the winter type over the same period.The influence of the temperature on the male sterile phenotype was studied within backcross progenies planted inside polythene tunnels. Six classes of phenotype were defined during the flowering period (from May to November). At low temperature, some male sterile plants developed partial to complete male fertility, whereas at high temperature, male fertile plants became male sterile.Segregation among the progenies of self-pollinated unstable male sterile plants did not deviate from the expected 3:1 ratio. Plants homozygous for the male sterility allele have been revealed by test crosses with a male fertile plant.For use in seed production, stable male sterile plants are vegetatively maintained; however, crossing lines isogenic except at the MS locus would allow male sterile plants to be raised from seed. 相似文献
14.
Summary A high frequency of male sterile mutants regeneration was shown in callus cultures derived from leaves and panicles of haploid sorghum (Msc1, A1 cytoplasm) and a spontaneous autodiploid obtained from this haploid. The cultures derived from the embryos of this autodiploid yielded significantly fewer mutants. Absolutely or partially male sterile mutants appeared among the regenerants or in the progeny of fertile regenerants. In the self-fertilized progenies of partially male sterile mutants and in the hybrids of sterile mutants with autodiploid line (i.e. under one and the same nuclear genome) male sterility mutations were inherited as cytoplasmic. Non-Mendelian segregation of sterile, partially male sterile and fertile plants was observed in these progenies. Partially male sterile plants were characterized by somatic segregation of male sterility genetic factors. In test-crosses with some CMS A1 fertility restorers, mutations were manifested as nuclear recessive while with others as nuclear dominant. These differences are supposed to be the result of interaction of fertility restorer genes of these testers with the novel cytoplasm. Male sterility mutations accompanied with female sterility were inherited as nuclear recessives.Abbreviations f
fertile
- ps
partially male sterile
- s
male sterile plants 相似文献
15.
The male sterile plants that segregated in a BC5F2 of `C. sericeus × C. cajan var. TT-5' population were maintained by sib mating. The male sterile plants were crossed with ICPL-85012.Approximately 50%
of the F1 plants were sterile. F2 plants derived from the fertile F1 plants did not segregate for male sterility. The reciprocal hybrid i.e. ICPL-85012 × Fertile derivatives from C. sericeus × TT-5, did not express male sterility. However, among the 12 F2 plant to row progenies, two segregated 25% male sterile plants and remaining 10 did not segregate. The segregation pattern
in subsequent progenies revealed that the sterility was under control of a single recessive allele. Studies on the backcross
and their BC1F2 and BC1F3progenies revealed another sterility gene which was found to be dominant in inheritance. This paper shows that what was thought
to be cytoplasmic male sterility from C. sericeus cytoplasm is actually a single dominant gene possibly acting in concert with a single recessive gene to mimic cytoplasmic
male sterility.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Ya-Jun Xi Xue-Feng Ma Huan Zhong Shu-Dong Liu Zhu-Lin Wang Yang-Yang Song Cheng-Hui Zhao 《Euphytica》2011,177(2):241-251
A male sterile plant of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) segregated from progenies of a transgenic family containing the leaf senescence-inhibition gene P SAG12 -IPT in the genetic background of ??Xinong 1376??, a well adapted winter wheat cultivar. The male sterile plant (named TR1376A) showed no phenotypic changes, except for florets and male organs, compared to its male fertile sibling plants (named TR1376B). The glumes and florets of male sterile TR1376A plants widely opened whereas those of the fertile counterpart TR1376B were closed or opened only briefly at flowing. Anthers of TR1376A were slender and indehiscent, and failed to release pollen. Compared to TR1376B, TR1376A anthers contained greatly reduced amounts of pollen, which was inviable or weakly viable. Ultra-structure studies indicated that cells in the endothecium and middle layers of the anther wall were dissolved or poorly developed in the sterile anthers of TR1376A. Molecular studies showed that the male sterility of TR1376A was caused by a sequence deletion or mutation that occurred in the promoter region of the transgene. F1 hybrids of TR1376A and TR1376B gave 1:1 segregation of male fertility to sterility, indicating that the male sterility of TR1376A was heritable and controlled by a single dominant gene (named Ms1376). To date, only a few dominant nuclear male sterility genes have been characterized and one of them (Ms2) has been successfully used to improve wheat cultivars through recurrent breeding strategies. The discovery of the Ms1376 gene provides another dominant male sterile source for establishing recurrent breeding systems in wheat. 相似文献
17.
一个水稻开颖不育突变体ohs1(t)的遗传分析及基因定位 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我们在明恢86的转基因后代中发现了一个水稻花器官发育突变体,暂命名为开颖不育(open hull sterile 1,ohs1(t)))突变体.ohs1(t)突变体表现颖花开裂,内外稃片变细,内稃微弯向外稃,有雌雄蕊分化,但雌雄蕊较野生犁株的小,大多数花药没有花粉,少数花药中含有不育花粉,雌雄配子均不育.突变体ohs1(t)分别与明恢86、R527、93-11和中花16号杂交后代遗传分析表明,ohs1(t)是一个隐性基因控制的突变体.以ohs1(t)和93-11杂交F2群体中突变个体作为初步定位群体,采用已报道的SSR标记将OHS1(t)初步定位在1号染色体的长臂端RM493和RM5638两个标记间.随后利用已公布的水稻基因组序列(http://rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp/E/index.html)及93-11和日本晴间SSR标记数据库(http://www.gramene.org/),新开发和筛选了SSR和InDel标记,并以ohs1(t))和中花16号杂交F2群体中突变个体作为新定位群体,将OHS1(t)基因进一步定位在NSSR0115和InDel0102之间,遗传距离分别为0.2 cM和0.3 cM,物理距离约66 kb. 相似文献
18.
Characterization of transgenic male sterility in alfalfa 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Dependable male sterility would help to make hybrid cultivar development a reality in alfalfa once higher levels of heterosis
are attained. Alfalfa plants obtained by genetic transformation with a construct containing the Barnase gene under the control of a tobacco anther tapetum specific promoter were studied. Vacuolization and degeneration of the
tapetal cell cytoplasm at a premeiotic stage of development were observed in all five transformed plants (T0)examined, but the severity of the abnormalities varied greatly among pollen sacs of a genotype. During the meiotic stage,
some pollen sacs showed reduction in size, and the tapetum generally appeared thinner when compared to those of the non transgenic
plants; tapetal cells showed abnormal vacuolization and signs of cytoplasm degeneration. Despite this, some microspores were
formed and some pollen grains were shed in all the T0 plants, but these were highly variable in size and had very low in vitro germinability. Self-fertility was negligible. The T0 plants were crossed with one or two unrelated non transgenic male-fertile plants. Mendelian segregation was observed with
two exceptions. Instability of the trait in F1 progenies was noticed, varying for different T0 parents. F1 plants exhibiting higher sterility than the primary transformants were observed, indicating that it should be possible to
obtain good male sterile plants by backcrossing this trait into different genetic backgrounds. The possible use of this transgenic
male sterility in alfalfa breeding is briefly discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳技术对苜蓿雄性不育系及其回交后代进行过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(EST)同工酶分析。结果表明:(1)苜蓿雄性不育系及其回交后代叶的POD同工酶在现蕾期和开花期的酶带数较返青期多。返青期的酶活性较现蕾期和开花期强;MS-4及其回交后代叶的EST同工酶活性变化规律与POD同工酶谱表现相似;(2)在花发育的不同时期,花蕾为绿色时期时的POD同工酶酶活性最强,MS-4及其回交后代小花的EST同_T-酶酶带数较叶的多。刚开过的小花EST同工酶酶活性最强,F1、BC1代不育株都出现了母本MS-4所具有的POD、EST特征酶带;(3)从MS-4回交后代中所选育的不育株的POD和EST同工酶谱明显偏向于轮回亲本MS-4,说明通过回交使MS-4的某些性状在回交后代中进一步得到表现,因此,可以初步认定原不育系Ms4的不育性是可遗传的。 相似文献