共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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为科学测报番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta并对其精准防控，2022年采用Z形抽样法对宁夏回族自治区（简称宁夏）银川市西夏区设施番茄基地内番茄潜叶蛾虫口密度进行调查，通过适合度检验、聚集指标和Iwao回归分析等方法分析番茄潜叶蛾的空间分布型，并建立理论抽样模型和基于幼虫密度防治指标的序贯抽样技术模型。结果显示，西夏区番茄上番茄潜叶蛾的虫口密度为0~4头/叶，其中虫口密度为0和1头/叶的频次较多，且频次与虫口密度负相关；经空间分布型适合度检验，西夏区番茄上番茄潜叶蛾的空间分布型符合奈曼分布和负二项分布；经聚集度指标检验，西夏区番茄上番茄潜叶蛾呈聚集分布；经m*-m回归分析，西夏区番茄上番茄潜叶蛾个体间相互吸引，分布的个体成分为个体群；根据建立的番茄潜叶蛾田间理论抽样数模型和序贯抽样模型可为该害虫的防控提供指导。 相似文献
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水稻细菌性条斑病株的空间格局及其应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
经测定水稻细菌性条斑病株在稻田的空间格局属负二项分布(α=0.962,β=1.104),其公共Kc=2.2971;采用种群聚集均数(λ)测定,当稻田每丛病株数在2.327株以下时,其聚集原因可能是病菌从其它病田上侵入所致;当病株数≥2.372株时,其聚集原因可能是种子带菌,增加再次侵染的机会,使聚集均数(λ)增大所致。由于属聚集分布,用Iwao资料代换法求取每田块水稻细菌性条斑病的相应Y值。采用Southwood的K。法理论抽样模式,作者建议大田普查,一般轻病田可抽取50—100丛稻;中、重病田可抽取10—50丛. 相似文献
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甘肃狭啮卵在花椒园中的空间分布型及抽样技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用6种分布型指数法分析判定了甘肃狭啮Stenopsocus gansuensis卵在花椒园中的空间分布型,利用Taylor幂法则和Iwao回归方程分析聚集原因,结果表明,田间甘肃狭啮卵呈聚集分布,kc值为2.7934,符合负二项分布;其种群聚集原因是由本身行为习性所致。在此基础上,应用Iwao的理论抽样数模型建立了甘肃狭啮卵的田间理论抽样数公式：N=（t/D）2（1.7673）/m＋0.19887;根据Kuno新的序贯抽样法通式建立了该种群序贯抽样公式：Tn=1.7673/（D20-0.19887/n）。 相似文献
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根据田间调查结果分析,在烤烟旺长期,烟蚜在烤烟地的空间格局呈聚集分布,用双行平行跳跃法等4种取样法抽样比较,以双行平行跳跃法与总体实测数相差最小。烟蚜在烟株上的垂直分布存在着明显的层次性,主要分布在倒1—12层叶层上。应用Iwao根据m*-m关系提出的两阶抽样模型估计,在给定D=0.10、0.15、0.20精确水平时,每株查倒1—12叶层蚜量所需抽查的烟株数的平均值分别为106、47、27株。当取95％置信度时,区间估计上、中层:P上[0.9504,0.9556] P上=0.953,下层:P下[0.0444,0.0496] P下=0.047。在烤烟旺长期,蚜量的田间抽样估计可采用双行平行跳跃法,每块取30株烤烟,查倒1—12层叶层上的蚜量,即可满足0.15—0.20的精确度要求。 相似文献
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烟粉虱[Bemisiatabaci(Gennadius)]在花卉一品红上的为害十分猖獗,在调查分析的基础上,研究了烟粉虱在一品红上的序贯抽样技术。结果表明:烟粉虱成虫的平均拥挤度*m与平均密度x-回归方程为*m=-9.05+2.26x-,相关性极显著(0.799 1);以Iwao的序贯抽样为基础,结合Kuno的序贯抽样,提出复序贯抽样技术,防治指标上下限为T′0(n)=7n+2 5.39n,T″0(n)=7n-2 5.39n,截止线为T(n)=α+1/(D02-β-1/n),D0=0.15。 相似文献
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通过对洛阳市区8个区段的国槐抽样调查,应用组内单因素方差分析、8种聚集度指标检测和7种回归分析,对该虫虫卵进行了垂直分布和空间分布分析研究。结果表明,该虫虫卵在单株上的垂直分布无显著差异;其空间分布为聚集分布,并利用聚集均数λ分析了聚集原因,利用个体群大小指标L分析了个体群形成原因。在此基础上,建立了该虫虫卵的理论抽样数公式n=(1/D)2(9.565 4/m+0.287 7)和序贯抽样决策限模式T′o(n),T″0(n)=14n±13.795 1n。 相似文献
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Charles V. Eadsforth 《Pest management science》1986,17(3):311-325
Reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.), using a C18 analytical column, has been applied to the determination of partition coefficients for a range of agrochemicals and industrial chemicals. Using a correlation plot of the logarithm of the capacity factor (k) with the logarithm of the n-octanol/water partition coefficient (Pow), partition coefficients were predicted with a 95% tolerance interval of ± log 0.80 of the literature ‘shake flask’ value for compounds of random structure over the log Pow range 0–6. Individual regression lines were fitted for compounds of comparable size and functional grouping, which reduced any bias and thereby enabled more accurate predictions to be made. The reverse-phase h.p.l.c. method has a number of advantages over the traditional ‘shake-flask’ method. Quantitative methods are not required or do not have to be developed and only the determination of the retention time is necessary. Quick and precise determinations of retention times are facilitated by h.p.l.c. and further improvement can be obtained by automation of solvent mixing, solute injection and data processing. H.p.l.c. was used to generate partition coefficient data for highly hydrophobic materials and, because of its resolving power, data for mixtures and solvent fractions. Dual detection, using u.v. and r.i. in series, was necessary for some compounds, particularly unknown mixtures and impure compounds. Calculations of log Pow based on the fragment-addition method using the structural data file, MACCS, was of considerable value in confirming experimentally derived values. In certain cases, calculated log Pow values were considered more trustworthy than experimental values. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT A natural epidemic of Fusarium wilt on coca (Erythroxylum coca) in Peru prompted the suggestion of possibly using the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. erythroxyli as a mycoherbicide against this narcotic plant. During field trials conducted in Kauai, HI, to test the pathogenicity of the coca wilt pathogen, ants were observed removing formulations from test plots. While removal of formulations by ants was considered detrimental with respect to conducting field tests, ant removal was considered potentially beneficial in disseminating the mycoherbicide. Thus, research was initiated to assess the ability of formulation additives to alter the preference of ants for the formulated mycoherbicide. In Hawaii, preference of indigenous ants for removing formulations was tested using three different food bases (rice, rice plus canola oil, and wheat flour [gluten]). Similar tests were conducted at Beltsville, MD, using F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis, in which the formulation based on wheat flour was replaced by a formulation based on canola meal. Formulations based on wheat were preferred by ants in both locations; up to 90% of the wheat plus rice flour granules (C-6) and the wheat gluten plus kaolin granules (pesta) were removed within 24 h, while only 20% of those containing rice without oils were taken. However, when either canola, sunflower (Maryland only), or olive oil was added to the rice formulation, up to 90% of the granules were taken. The formulation based on canola meal was less attractive to ants, as only 65% of the granules were removed within a period of 24 h. Ants showed no preference with respect to presence or absence of fungal biomass. To alter the attractiveness of the C-6 formulation to ants, C-6 was amended with three natural products. Canna and tansy leaves were added to C-6 at a ratio of 1:5 (wt/wt), while chili powder was added at 1:25 or 1:2.5 (wt/wt). Canna, tansy, and the higher rate of chili powder significantly reduced the number of C-6 granules removed by ants. Canna and tansy leaves affected neither germination nor sporulation of the mycoherbicide, while the high concentration of chili powder reduced viability of propagules in the formulation. More F. oxysporum f. sp. erythroxyli-type colonies were recovered from inside ant nests (9 cm depth) than from nest surfaces, indicating that ants may distribute the mycoherbicide in the soil profile. Ants passively carried propagules of F. oxysporum f. sp. erythroxyli outside their bodies, as well as either very closely adhering to the outside or within their bodies. 相似文献
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醉蝶白粉病的发生规律与防治 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究明确醉蝶白粉病菌以闭囊壳、分生孢子和菌丝在病残体上或土壤中越冬。醉蝶开花至盛花期为发生高峰期 ,高温干燥的气候条件发病严重。发生程度与土壤肥力、田间种植密度等关系密切。加强管理 ,清洁田园和30%特富灵、6%乐必耕、75%百菌清、25%粉锈宁可湿性粉剂等在定植后、开花前后喷药 ,每隔10d1次 ,连续5～6次 ,可基本控制该病发生。 相似文献
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The pathogenic type (form and race) of Fusarium oxysporum, which generates wilt symptoms on tomato, was rapidly identified with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique.
We compared the partial nucleotide sequences of endo polygalacturonase (pg1) and exo polygalacturonase (pgx4) genes from isolates of F. oxysporum ff. sp. lycopersici (FOL) and radicis-lycopersici (FORL) from Japan and designed specific primer sets (uni, sp13, sp23, and sprl) based on the nucleotide differences that appeared
among the pathogenic types. PCR with the uni primer set amplified a 670∼672-bp fragment from all isolates of FOL and FORL. With the sp13 primer set, an amplicon of 445 bp was obtained only from isolates of FOL race 1 and 3. With the sp23 primer set, a 518-bp fragment was obtained from isolates of FOL race 2 and 3. The sprl primer set yielded a 947-bp fragment from isolates of FORL, but not from FOL. A combination of amplifications with these primer sets effectively differentiated the pathogenic types of F. oxysporum in tomato. 相似文献
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Attempts were made to produce somatic hybrids between isolates of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and f. sp. hordei. A mixed infection was produced on a common susceptible barley host, Fong Tien, using white-spored isolates of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici and yellow-spored isolates off. sp. hordei. Selection was made for non-parental spore colour on selective wheat and barley hosts, and variants thus isolated were analysed for virulence markers, and for isozyme and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) markers, all of which clearly differentiated the parental isolates. Two white-spored (non-parental) isolates were found on the selective barley host which otherwise resembled the parental f. sp. hordei isolate in virulence, isozyme and dsRNA markers. The most likely explanation of the origin of these isolates is mutation to white spore colour in the f. sp. hordei isolate. 相似文献
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