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1.
A 4-year-old spayed female Australian Cattle Dog (Blue Heeler) was evaluated because of right forelimb lameness of 5 months' duration. Orthopedic evaluation revealed signs of pain localized to the cranial aspects of both shoulder joints. Via magnetic resonance imaging, the mass of the supraspinatus tendon insertion in both shoulder joints was increased, compared with findings in cadavers of clinically normal dogs; additional imaging procedures revealed that, compared with clinically normal tendons, the tendon had increased signal intensity that was consistent with increased fluid content. The increased supraspinatus tendon mass in each shoulder joint was associated with medial displacement of the biceps brachii tendon, which was more severe in the right limb. Arthroscopic evaluations of both shoulder joints revealed no abnormalities. The dog underwent surgery, and the abnormal parts of the tendons were resected. The most prominent finding on histologic examination of excised tissues was severe myxomatous degeneration. The lameness resolved, and at 22 months after surgery, the dog was reported to have had no recurrence of lameness. The clinical signs and histologic appearance of the tendons in this dog strongly resemble findings associated with tendinosis in humans. Decompression of the biceps brachii tendon may have contributed to the successful outcome after surgery in this dog. Supraspinatus tendinosis should be considered among the differential diagnoses in dogs with uni- or bilateral forelimb lameness.  相似文献   

2.
A 4-year-old Labrador Retriever was examined because of progressive left hind limb lameness involving the stifle. A villous synovial mass was evacuated by synovectomy. Initially, the macroscopic and histopathologic features suggested a malignant fibrosarcomatous process; however, further histologic studies revealed lesions consistent with pigmented villonodular synovitis. Nine months later, the dog developed a large retroperitoneal tumor, with metastasis to the lungs and liver. The dog was then euthanatized. By histologic and electron microscopic examinations, the tumor was found to be a primitive plasmacytoid lymphoma.  相似文献   

3.
A 12-year-old Arab stallion was presented with a chronically swollen right carpus resulting in profound lameness of the same leg. An incisional biopsy of subcutaneous tissue from the right carpus submitted for cytology and histopathology revealed large numbers of eosinophils interspersed by substantial numbers of variably sized and granulated mast cells. Fungal culture of a subcutaneous tissue sample taken from the right carpus was negative. Serial full blood counts revealed persistent mature eosinophilia, not accompanied by a mastocytaemia, neutrophilia without left shift and persistent hyperfibrinogenaemia. After humane destruction, dissection of the affected limb revealed a thick layer of connective tissue deposited around the right carpal joint. Within the connective tissue were embedded many small 0.25-1 cm diameter yellow gritty nodules, which consisted of dystrophic calcification and necrotic cell debris. The tendons enveloped by the connective tissue mass had limited function. The right axillary lymph node was moderately enlarged, yellow-brown and moist. Histopathological examination revealed a moderately well differentiated mast cell neoplasm with evidence of metastasis to the regional lymph node. In horses, malignant mast cell neoplasia is rare, while metastasis has only been reported in one other horse. Eosinophilia associated with equine mast cell neoplasia has not been reported previously but is recorded in mast cell neoplasia in the dog.  相似文献   

4.
An 8‐year‐old castrated male hound mix was referred to the Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for severe lameness, pollakiuria, and dyschezia. On presentation, the dog was nonweight bearing on the right rear limb and the right carpus was diffusely swollen. Synovial fluid analysis from the right carpus revealed a population of epithelial cells displaying marked anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, multinucleation, and prominent, variably sized nucleoli. A metastatic carcinoma with presumed prostatic or urothelial origin was diagnosed based on cytomorphology. Subsequent cytologic evaluation of peripheral lymph nodes revealed the presence of a similar neoplastic population. The dog was euthanized and synovial fluid from both stifle joints, as well as impression smears of the prostate gland, were collected. Carcinoma cells were identified in each stifle joint and in the prostate gland. Immunocytochemistry was performed on synovial fluid smears from 2 of the joints (right stifle and right carpus) and on impression smears of the prostate gland. The neoplastic population in the joints and prostate gland showed strong immunoreactivity to uroplakin III, a urothelial marker, indicating metastasis of a transitional cell carcinoma to multiple joints. In addition, evidence for epithelial to mesenchymal transition was identified using cytokeratin, an epithelial marker, and vimentin, a mesenchymal marker. A necropsy was performed and histopathology confirmed the presence of metastatic transitional cell carcinoma in various tissues. This case illustrates the importance of considering metastatic disease when a patient is presented with severe lameness and joint pain, and the clinical utility of synovial fluid cytology for diagnosis of metastasis in these cases.  相似文献   

5.
Nonweightbearing lameness secondary to synovial sarcoma in a young dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Synovial sarcoma was diagnosed in the right carpus of a 2 1/2-year-old mixed-breed dog. The dog had developed a right forelimb lameness before one year of age. The lameness was progressive for nearly 2 years, resulting in severe disuse atrophy of the right forelimb musculature and pronounced osteopenia. A definitive diagnosis was not made until the dog was referred after 2 years of conservative treatment was ineffectual. Right forelimb amputation was done and the dog survived an additional 15 months. The protracted clinical course before definitive diagnosis underscores the need for aggressive pursuit of a diagnosis when conservative treatment of a lameness is not efficacious.  相似文献   

6.
A 2-year-old dog was examined because of gradual lameness of all 4 limbs and weight loss. Hypertrophic osteopathy was diagnosed. Radiography revealed a mass in the caudal lobe of the right lung. At necropsy, the mass was determined to be a chronic abscess. Corynebacterium pyogenes was cultured from the lesion. Although hypertrophic osteopathy in dogs is commonly associated with a thoracic lesion, most often neoplastic, the chronic lung abscess in this dog might have been formed as a result of a paralaryngeal abscess that was treated 3 months before the onset of the lameness.  相似文献   

7.
A six-year-old intact female Maltese dog weighing 3.8 kg presented with a history of mild lameness and swelling on both forelimbs. Radiographic and computed tomographic views revealed an extensive periosteal reaction in all four limbs and a large round mass on the right middle lung lobe. A total lobectomy was performed and pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma was histologically confirmed. A diagnosis of hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) secondary to a lung tumor was made. Periosteal proliferation decreased significantly after surgery; however, there was evidence of dyspnea, mass recurrence, and periosteal reaction three months post-operatively. This is the first case report of pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma with HO in a dog in which we describe clinical, imaging, surgical, and histological findings.  相似文献   

8.
An acquired arteriovenous fistula between the distal collateral radial and median arteries arising from the brachial artery, and the cephalic, brachial and median cubital veins of the right foreleg in an 8-year-old Afghan Hound is described. The arteriovenous fistula was apparently acquired two years previously after a perivascular injection of the anaesthetic agent thiopentone sodium in 5 per cent W/V solution* and was found as an incidental problem during an examination for an unrelated lameness problem. The arteriovenous fistula was characterized by a large pulsatile swelling that had a continuous thrill and bruit. A positive Branham sign was present. The lesion was diagnosed by physical and radiological examination. Ligation of the brachial artery has provided some post-operative improvement in exercise tolerance.  相似文献   

9.
A 6-year-old, male Labrador retriever was presented for lameness of the right forelimb. The lameness occurred 5 years after the dog was surgically treated for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the caudal right humeral head. Radiographs revealed an expansile, osteolytic lesion occupying the entire caudal half of the right humeral head, and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Forelimb amputation was performed. Histopathology of the lesion and associated articular cartilage revealed neoplastic osteoblasts extensively infiltrating the marrow space adjacent to scar tissue associated with the previous OCD lesion. This is the first report of an epiphyseal osteosarcoma in the area of a previous OCD lesion in a dog.  相似文献   

10.
An extradural chondroma originating in the cervical spine was diagnosed in an 8-year-old, intact male Chow-Chow that presented acute cervical pain and chronic right thoracic limb lameness. Myelographic images were within normal limits. With magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, an extradural mass was identified at the level of the C4-C5 vertebrae. This mass was excised, and the histologic diagnosis was chondroma. Fifteen months after surgery, the dog was clinically normal, and no regrowth of the mass was identified on follow-up MR images. Spinal chondromas are rare tumors in the dog, but should be considered as a rule out for contrast-enhancing extradural vertebral masses.  相似文献   

11.
An 8-year-old neutered female Rhodesian Ridgeback developed acute, nonneurological right pelvic limb lameness. Femoral pulsation was poor, and oscillometric blood pressure measurements between the two pelvic limbs differed markedly. A caudal aortic right external iliac embolus was detected sonographically. Radiographically, there was a caudal esophageal mass and thoracic vertebral spondylitis typical of spirocercosis. Using CT-angiography, a caudal thoracic aortic aneurysm with a mural thrombus was detected. The dog recovered following heparin and aspirin therapy but signs recurred 7 months later. Subsequently, the patient improved on treatment and remains asymptomatic. This report illustrates the value of CT-angiography in detecting aortic thrombosis in dogs with spirocercosis.  相似文献   

12.
A 10-year-old show jumper was evaluated for an acute severe lameness (grade 4 of 5) of the right foreleg. During weight bearing, the toe of the affected limb rotated dorsally suggesting rupture of the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT). Upon radiographic examination of the hoof, a severe erosion at the flexor surface and a parasagittal fracture of the distal sesamoid bone were found. Ultrasonographic examination confirmed rupture of the DDFT. These findings were confirmed on post-mortem examination. Prior to the acute lameness, the horse was treated with corticosteroid injections into the podotrochlear bursa. Repeated intra-bursal injections of corticosteroids as a possible cause for DDFT rupture are discussed as well as the possible association between a degenerative distal sesamoid bone, a distal sesamoid bone fracture and a DDFT rupture.  相似文献   

13.
A five-year-old, entire male German shepherd dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital-Koret School of Veterinary Medicine because of an acute, painful swelling of the right thigh and severe lameness of two-weeks duration. On physical examination, a firm and painful mass was detected in the hamstring region. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed a soft tissue mass, with a 250 cc fluid accumulation craniomedial to it. Intracompartmental pressure measurement with a Wick catheter demonstrated significantly elevated pressure within the right caudal femoral compartment (25 to 28 mmHg compared with 5 to 7 mmHg in the unaffected leg). Surgical exploration of the area was undertaken, fasciotomy and mass excision were performed, and resolution of the clinical signs was achieved. The mass was identified by histopathology results as haemangiosarcoma. Two and a half months after surgery, which was followed by adjunct chemotherapy (doxorubicin), the dog was readmitted with a subcutaneous mass in the same area, although he was not lame at this time. Radiographs of the thoracic cavity demonstrated widely disseminated metastases in the lungs. At that point, the owner elected to have the dog euthanased.  相似文献   

14.
A 5-year-old pregnant Spanish thoroughbred mare was presented with an extensive granulomatous lesion, of four months duration, on the left medial foreleg. On examination, the wound was covered by a large mass of ulcerated granulation tissue exuding thick serosanguinous fluid. The mare had not responded to previous treatment. Physical examination revealed no fever, no lameness and the presence of intense pruritus. A surgical resection was carried out to take samples for histopathology. On histopathologic examination the dermis and subcutaneous tissue showed large multifocal necrotic eosinophilic areas and inside these areas, irregularly ramified fungal hyphae. Microbiological examination showed abundant fungal growth and the strain corresponded to Absidia corymbifera . Treatment with amphotericin B was started but there was no improvement in the lesion. The mare aborted, became anorexic, had febrile episodes, had very poor body condition and was euthanized.  相似文献   

15.
A 5-year-old male Saint Bernard was evaluated for vague forelimb lameness. Four and a half years earlier, the dog had undergone left ulnar ostectomy to correct a valgus deformity. Focal bone lysis was evident radiographically at the ostectomy site. Four months later, marked bony swelling was apparent and the dog was bearing partial weight. The dog was euthanatized, and at necropsy, a bone tumor with lung metastasis was found. Microscopically, features of the tumor were compatible with those of small-cell osteogenic sarcoma.  相似文献   

16.
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17.
Objective— To report arthroscopic diagnosis and treatment of synovial hemangioma in a dog.
Study Design— Case report.
Animal— Standard Poodle (8-year-old neutered male).
Methods— A soft tissue density mass observed radiographically in the left stifle joint of a dog with a 2-month history of recurrent lameness, hemarthrosis, and a slight cranial drawer sign, was located by diagnostic arthroscopy and surgically excised via arthrotomy.
Results— Histologic evaluation revealed tissue composed of variably sized cavernous vascular spaces filled with erythrocytes that were considered compatible with synovial hemangioma.
Conclusions— In this dog, synovial hemangioma evident as a soft tissue mass on radiographs was associated with chronic lameness and hemarthrosis, and resolved with surgical excision.
Clinical Relevance— Synovial hemangioma, although seemingly rare in dogs, should be considered in the differential diagnosis for nontraumatic, recurrent lameness, and unresponsive to anti-inflammatory therapy when there is a circumscribed intracapsular soft tissue mass evident radiographically together with hemarthrosis.  相似文献   

18.
A 4 · 5‐month‐old, 13 · 8 kg, female neutered mixed breed dog was presented for evaluation of acute non‐weight bearing right pelvic limb lameness. Radiographs revealed a tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture for which open reduction/internal fixation was performed. Asymmetrical premature closure of the cranial aspect of the proximal tibial physis ensued with a tibial plateau angle of ?12°. Abnormal stifle biomechanics resulted in lameness and caudal cruciate ligament fraying. Tibial plateau ‐levelling osteotomy was performed in standard fashion with the exception that the proximal tibial ‐fragment was rotated cranioproximally to increase the tibial plateau angle from ?12° to +5° (reverse tibial ‐plateau levelling osteotomy). Normal healing and resolution of lameness followed and the dog remained ‐clinically healthy 2 years postoperatively. This case report demonstrates that any change in proximal tibial anatomy, whether traumatic, iatrogenic or with therapeutic intent, can cause altered stifle biomechanics and should not be underestimated. Surgical management through corrective ‐osteotomy can be used to restore adequate function.  相似文献   

19.
An 8‐year‐old, intact female, mixed‐breed dog presented to the Oklahoma State University Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for evaluation of progressive lameness and joint effusion of multiple joints. Physical examination revealed joint effusion of the elbow, hock, and stifle joints bilaterally, enlarged left axillary and right popliteal lymph nodes, a subcutaneous mass over the left elbow, and a subcutaneous mass involving the left second and third mammary glands. Cytologic examination of the mammary mass, enlarged lymph nodes, and joint fluid from most affected joints revealed a monomorphic population of loosely cohesive neoplastic epithelial cells. The patient was humanely euthanized, and subsequent necropsy with histopathologic examination revealed a complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to enlarged lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue over the left elbow, and the synovium of multiple joints. Immunohistochemical stains were performed and showed diffusely positive pan cytokeratin, CK8/18, and CK19 staining in the neoplastic luminal epithelial cells of the mammary carcinoma, synovium, and lymph nodes, and showed diffusely positive vimentin staining of the myoepithelial cells. Myoepithelial calponin positivity was diffuse in the mammary mass and lymph nodes but minimal in the synovium. Only the mammary mass showed p63 positivity. Metastatic mammary neoplasia is relatively common in dogs; however, metastasis to the synovium has only been reported once previously in the literature. This is the first case utilizing immunohistochemistry for confirmation and characterization of metastases.  相似文献   

20.
An 11-year-old, spayed female mixed-breed dog showed clinical signs of right forelimb lameness and pain by palpation around the neck. Radiography and computed tomography (CT) revealed an extradural mass at the 6th and 7th cervical vertebrae, which compressed the spinal cord. The mass was surgically removed and histopathologically diagnosed as schwannoma. The dog recovered her normal gait after hemilaminectomy and removal of the mass. Ten months after the surgery, the tumor recurred with absolute erythrocytosis and was surgically removed again. This removal temporarily resolved the erythrocytosis with a decrease in plasma erythropoietin (EPO) concentration. EPO protein was detected immunohistochemically in the tumor cells. Erythrocytosis in this dog may be caused by ectopic EPO produced in the schwannoma tissues.  相似文献   

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