共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
种母鸡饲粮锌和钙水平对子代雏鸡的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验观测了种母鸡饲粮锌和钙水平对子代雏鸡的影响和子代的补偿作用。结果表明,母子两代饲粮都未加锌时子代雏鸡增重和采食量显著降低(P<0.01);母代饲粮未加锌而子代加锌,虽然使子代增重和采食量有所提高,但并未消除母代未加锌对子代的不良影响。母代饲粮高钙使子代增重(P<0.05)和采食量(P<0.01)显著降低。种母鸡饲粮锌水平对子代雏鸡血清碱性磷酸酶活性的遗留影响较小,而子代的补偿作用较大。种母鸡饲粮高钙对子代雏鸡血清碱性磷酸酶活性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。母子两代饲粮都未加锌时子代血清总蛋白含量最低,子代加锌有一定的补偿作用。种母鸡饲粮高钙使子代雏鸡血清总蛋白(P<0.01)、血清白蛋白(P<0.01)和血清球蛋白(P<0.05)含量显著降低。种母鸡饲粮锌水平对子代组织中锌含量的遗留影响较小,而子代加锌后的补偿作用较大。种母鸡饲粮高钙时子代雏鸡组织中锌含量没有显著变化(P>0.05)。 相似文献
2.
饲粮锌和钙水平对蛋鸡组织中矿物元素含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在玉米—豆饼型基础饲粮中添加不同水平锌和钙,研究了饲粮锌和钙水平对蛋鸡不同组织中九种矿物元素含量的影响。结果表明,肝脏、胰脏和胫骨中锌含量对饲粮锌水平的反应比其它组织敏感。高锌饲粮使血液钙、镁、锰、铜和磷含量,输卵管磷和钾含量显著降低。高钙饲粮使血液铜,肝脏锌、铜、锰、镁、磷、钾和钠含量,胰脏铜含量,肌肉锌含量,胫骨镁、锰、铁、铜和钾含量显著降低,但使血液和肺脏磷含量显著提高。 相似文献
3.
钙锌对蛋用型鸡育成期体组织中矿物元素含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验研究了在玉米—豆饼型基础饲粮中添加不同水平锌和钙对蛋用型鸡育成期体组织中矿物元素含量的影响。结果表明,随着饲粮锌水平的提高,肝脏(P<0.01)、肾脏(P<0.05)、胰脏(P<0.01)中锌含量显著升高,而肺脏中锌含量没有显著变化(P>0.05)。饲粮高钙对组织中锌含量的影响未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。饲粮高锌使肝脏磷含量(P<0.05)、肾脏磷(P<0.01)和铜含量(P<0.05)、肺脏钙(P<0.01)和镁含量(P<0.01)显著降低。饲粮商钙使胰脏铜含量(P<0.05)显著提高,使胰脏锰含量显著降低(P<0.05)。 相似文献
4.
饲粮锰对蛋鸡组织锰含量及其生长发育和生产性能的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验研究了饲粮不同锰水平对蛋鸡组织器官中锰含量及其生长发育、产蛋性能和孵化效果的影响。结果表明:羽毛、消化道、肝脏、胫骨和肾脏中的锰量都随饲粮锰的提高而显著增加(P<0.01)。当雏鸡饲粮锰含量在13.5ppm时,锰在体内沉积出现负平衡,雏鸡脱腱症出现率为5.21％。产蛋鸡第1组(17.8ppm Mn)的产蛋率低于其它五组(P<0.01),饲粮低锰使破蛋率和软蛋率显著升高(P<0.01),第3组(73.8ppm Mn)破蛋率最低,第5组(153.8ppm Mn)软蛋率最低。其次,饲粮高锰和低锰都使蛋壳厚度和强度降低(P<0.01),同时也降低受精率(P>0.05)。受精蛋孵化率以第3组(73.8ppm Mn)最高(P<0.01),并可有效地防止雏鸡脱腱症的发生。作者建议,产蛋前期母鸡饲粮含锰在73.8——153.8ppm为佳;种鸡则为73.8——113.8ppm;而在蛋鸡生长发育阶段,饲粮含锰不得低于33.5ppm。 相似文献
5.
试验旨在研究蛋鸡母体添加有机锌和有机锰对种蛋中锌锰含量及后代雏鸡骨骼发育的影响。选取23周龄、体重相近的健康海兰褐祖代种母鸡576只,随机分为3组,每组12个重复,每个重复16只鸡。对照组饲粮添加80 mg/kg的无机锌锰(来源:ZnSO4、MnSO4),等量添加组饲粮用40 mg/kg的有机锌锰(来源:氨基酸锌、锰)替换对照组饲粮等量的无机锌和无机锰,额外添加组饲粮在对照组饲粮的基础上添加40 mg/kg有机锌、锰,试验第8、24周测定种蛋中锌锰含量,试验第31周所产种蛋入孵。检测1日龄雏鸡的胫骨发育情况。结果表明:种鸡饲粮中添加有机锌锰显著提高了蛋黄和胫骨中的锰沉积量(P<0.05);试验第23周,等量添加组雏鸡的胫骨长度显著高于对照组和额外添加组(P<0.05);试验第31周,等量添加组雏鸡的胫骨重显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。因此,种鸡饲粮等量添加有机和无机锌锰能促进锰在蛋黄和后代胫骨中的沉积,促进骨骼发育。 相似文献
6.
产蛋鸡饲粮锌和钙水平对蛋的品质和蛋中锌含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
试验研究了在玉米一豆饼型基础饲粮(含锌30Ppm)中添加不同水平锌和钙对鸡蛋品质和蛋中锌含量的影响。结果表明,饲粮未加锌时后期(70～71周龄)蛋壳比,蚕黄,蛋白和蛋壳风干物含量,蛋的比重和蛋壳厚度显著降低;饲粮高钙使中期(45周龄)和后期蛋壳比,各期蛋的比重和蛋壳厚度显著提高。蛋黄中锌含量随着饲粮锌水平的提高而显著提高;蛋白中锌含量在前期(25周龄)同蛋黄一样,但在中期和后期未加锌组鸡蛋白中锌含量显著高于加锌对照组;蛋壳中锌含量在前期不受饲粮锌水平显著影响,在中期和后期饲粮高锌使之显著提高。饲粮高钙对蛋各组分中锌含量没有显著影响。 相似文献
7.
采用实用饲粮,对雏鸭进行低锰水平、适锰水平和高锰水平试验,测定结果表明:低锰饲粮(含锰18.23ppm)影响雏鸭肝锌含量(P<0.01),高锰饲粮(含锰3018.23ppm或4018.23ppm)改变了雏鸭肝铜含量(P<0.01),并影响血清、肝脏相应的铜锌比值(P<0.05),补锰4000ppm极显著降低雏鸭血红蛋白含量(P<0.01),饲粮锰偏低或过量均影响雏鸭肝脏铜锌代谢。 相似文献
8.
饲粮锌和钙水平对产蛋鸡生产性能、血液生化指标和组织中锌含量的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
试验在玉米-豆饼型基础饲粮中(含锌29.2ppm)添加不同水平锌和钙研究了饲粮锌和钙水平对蛋用型鸡产蛋期生产性能、血液生化指标和组织中锌含量的影响。结果表明:1.仅喂未加锌的基础饲粮的试验鸡开产晚(P<0.05),产蛋率低(P<0.05)、蛋重小(P<0.05)、产蛋量少(P<0.01)、饲料利用效率差(P<0.01)、破壳率高(P<0.01)。饲粮加锌1000ppm与加锌40ppm对照相比,生产性能无显著差异。饲粮高钙对产蛋鸡生产性能无不良影响。2.血清碱性磷酸酶活性随饲粮加锌水平的提高而显著提高(P<0.01),但不受饲粮钙水平显著影响(P>0.05)。饲粮加锌1000ppm使血清总蛋白含量(P<0.01)、血清白蛋白和球蛋白含量(P<0.05)显著降低。饲粮高钙使血清总蛋白含量(P<0.01)和白蛋白含量(P<0.05)显著降低,而球蛋白含量不受影响(P>0.05)。3.随饲粮加锌水平的提高,肝脏(P<0.01)、胰脏(P<0.01)和胫骨(P<0.01)中锌含量大幅度升高;血液(P<0.01)、肾脏(P<0.01)和肺脏(P<0.05)中锌含量升高幅度较小;而输卵管(P>0.05)、心脏(P>0.05)和肌肉(P>0.05)中锌含量无显著变化。饲粮高钙使肝脏(P<0.05)和肌肉(P<0.01)中锌含量显著降低,对其它器官无显著影响(P>0.05)。 相似文献
9.
22～42日龄肉鸡铜、铁、锌、锰不同用量组合的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲粮中铜、铁、锌、锰含量对22~42日龄肉鸡生长性能和粪中铜、铁、锌、锰排泄量的影响,进而对微量元素的平衡模式进行探讨。选取940只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉公鸡,1~21日龄统一饲喂铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为16.96、166.66、46.01、60.26 mg/kg的玉米-豆粕型饲粮。试验选用22日龄、体况良好、体重接近的AA肉公鸡900只,随机分为15组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,基础饲粮中铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为8、125、40、60 mg/kg,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中按照均匀设计原则添加2~8 mg/kg铜、10~35 mg/kg铁、10~40 mg/kg锌、15~60 mg/kg锰组成的14种试验饲粮。测定肉鸡试验期生长性能,并于38~42日龄时采集粪样测定铜、铁、锌、锰含量。结果表明:1)饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量在NRC推荐量至2倍NRC推荐量范围时,对22~42日龄肉鸡的平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)无显著影响(P0.05)。2)由最优解分析得出,粪中铜排泄量最低为23.11 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为7.15、116.28、82.82、60.95 mg/kg;铁排泄量最低为438.34 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为14.78、116.81、38.15、63.72 mg/kg;锌排泄量最低为102.60 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为7.69、127.40、40.70、133.26 mg/kg;锰排泄量最低为159.37 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为11.07、136.97、46.13、59.05 mg/kg;粪中铜、铁、锌、锰总排泄量最低为218.94 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为7.36、125.74、38.23、62.76 mg/kg。综上所述,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量在NRC推荐量至2倍NRC推荐量范围时对22~42日龄肉鸡的生长性能无显著影响;粪中铜、铁、锌、锰任一元素的排泄量均受饲粮中其他微量元素添加量的影响,且针对不同元素最低排泄量存在不同的最佳组合;饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰的含量分别为7.36、125.74、38.23、62.76 mg/kg时,能够满足肉鸡微量元素需要量,同时粪中铜、铁、锌、锰总排泄量最小。 相似文献
10.
《动物营养学报》2021,33(3)
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平羟基蛋氨酸锌(MHA-Zn)对产蛋后期肉种母鸡生产性能、养分利用率和抗氧化性能的影响。选取56周龄哈伯德肉种母鸡600只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只。预试期2周,各组均饲喂不补充锌的基础饲粮。正试期10周,对照组在基础饲粮(锌含量27.81 mg/kg)中添加100 mg/kg硫酸锌(以锌元素计),试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加25、50、75和100 mg/kg MHA-Zn(以锌元素计)。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,75和100 mg/kg MHA-Zn添加组肉种母鸡产蛋率显著提高(P0.05);50、75和100 mg/kg MHA-Zn添加组平均蛋重显著提高(P0.05),料蛋比显著降低(P0.05);饲粮添加不同水平MHA-Zn替代硫酸锌有降低产蛋后期肉种母鸡破蛋率的趋势(0.05≤P0.10)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加不同水平MHA-Zn对产蛋后期肉种母鸡钙表观利用率有不同程度升高,其中100 mg/kg MHA-Zn添加组钙利用率显著提高(P0.05);试验组锌表观利用率和血清锌含量有升高趋势(0.05≤P0.10)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加50、75和100 mg/kg MHA-Zn显著降低产蛋后期肉种母鸡血清丙二醛含量(P0.05),饲粮添加75和100 mg/kg MHA-Zn显著提高肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中MHA-Zn的添加水平为75 mg/kg时经济效益最佳。由此可见,饲粮添加适宜水平MHA-Zn替代硫酸锌能够改善产蛋后期肉种母鸡生产性能和养分利用率,并且提高血清和肝脏抗氧化能力;本试验条件下,最佳的MHA-Zn添加水平为75 mg/kg。 相似文献
11.
《Journal of aquatic animal health》2013,25(1):24-31
Abstract The effects of dietary zinc and calcium on immunocompetence of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (mean initial weight = 3.1 g/fish) were determined after a 10-week feeding trial. Fish were fed daily amounts equal to 3% of their body weight of one of six purified diets that were deficient in zinc (2 mg/kg of diet), calcium (0.02% of diet), or both; replete with zinc (20 mg/kg of diet) and calcium (0.5% of diet); or excessive in zinc (200 mg/kg of diet) or calcium (2.5% of diet). Immunocompetence of immunized and nonimmunized fish fed the various diets was assessed by measuring serum immunoglobulin M levels and mortality after an intraperitoneal injection of live Aeromonas hydrophila. Channel catfish fed diets deficient in zinc, calcium, or both had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) less weight gain and survival as compared with those fed diets replete with or excessive in zinc or calcium. Tissue mineral concentrations of fish indicated that various levels of zinc and calcium nutriture existed when immune functions were tested. Diet affected mortality of only nonimmunized fish in the bacterial-challenge test; zinc deficiency and calcium excess decreased mortality. Whereas growth and survival of fish were reduced by dietary zinc or calcium deficiency, the measured immunological characteristics were not equally impaired by these mineral deficiencies. 相似文献
12.
Voluntary food and calcium intake by the laying hen 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Two experiments, each of 40 d duration, are described in which a diet rich in calcium (3.5% Ca) or one deficient in calcium (1% Ca), but with oyster shell offered separately, were fed ad libitum to four laying hens. The voluntary consumption of food and oyster shell was automatically recorded every 2 h. The hourly consumption of the high Ga diet increased during the afternoon while the daily pattern of consumption was modified by the position of the egg in the clutch.
When the low Ca diet was fed with oyster shell, the daily consumption was increased but the effect of the position of the egg in the clutch was reduced. The ingestion of oyster shell was very high between 16.00 and 20.00 h when egg calcification was in progress; after the last oviposition of the clutch this elevated level of intake remained though to a lesser degree. In relation to the stage of egg formation, the voluntary intake of oyster shell increased sharply between 4 and 12 h after the former oviposition.
These results confirm that the laying hen can discriminate between food and calcium intake. It seems that appetite for calcium is firstly related to light‐dark cycles with a modulation of the afternoon peak by ovulation and then egg shell calcification. 相似文献
13.
Feeding hens a diet containing 5,000 micrograms (200,000 ICU)/kg of cholecalciferol for four 28-d periods had no adverse effect on hen-day egg production or hatchability. Egg weight, shell quality, food consumption and fertility were significantly decreased in hens fed 5,000 micrograms/kg. of cholecalciferol compared with those fed 24 micrograms (960 ICU) cholecalciferol/kg diet. Plasma calcium increased significantly as the concentration of cholecalciferol was increased in the diet. However, no histologically detectable changes in the viscera or changes in the proportion of bone ash were observed with any concentration of the vitamin. Chicks hatched from dams receiving excessive doses of cholecalciferol (5,000 micrograms/kg) and maintained on a rachitogenic diet for 4 weeks had a significantly higher proportion of tibial ash but there was no effect on either body weight or tibial calcium. 相似文献
14.
1. In 2 experiments the effects of dietary phosphorus on relationships between plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration (Pi), shell and egg production and depletion states were measured in brown laying hens. 2. In a 12-week experiment dietary phosphorus concentrations from conventionally deficient (1.6 g non-phytate-phosphorus (PNP)/kg) to moderate excess (3.9 g PNP/kg) had little effect on egg and shell production, although there was evidence that plasma Pi concentration, when not influenced strongly by shell formation, reflected dietary phosphorus content. 3. Among birds at each dietary phosphorus concentration there was a negative linear relationship between shell weight of early eggs in the sequence and plasma Pi concentration. The relationship was apparently not affected by dietary phosphorus concentration. 4. Continued feeding of the deficient diet to 61 weeks of age did not have effects on body weight, egg and shell production, other than those associated with age, but plasma Pi and bone measurements indicated marginal phosphorus depletion. 5. In another experiment excessive dietary phosphorus (11.9 g PNP/kg) fed in a cross-over design caused small adverse effects on shell production, increased food intake and body weight and increased plasma Pi content, while there was no relationship between shell weight and plasma Pi concentration. 6. The results are consistent with an indirect effect of plasma phosphorus accumulation on shell formation, probably via an inhibitory effect on skeletal calcium release, in addition to any effect of excess dietary phosphorus on intestinal calcium availability. 7. Phosphorus requirement and status in the laying hen are complicated by the failure to recognise the contribution of digestible phytate-phosphorus to the available phosphorus supply. 相似文献
15.
P.F. SURAI I.A. IONOV T.V. KUKLENKO I.A. KOSTJUK A.M ACPHERSON B.K. SPEAKE 《British poultry science》1998,39(2):257-263
1. The effect of a range of supplementations of vitamin A to the laying hen on the concentration of vitamins A, E, ascorbic acid and carotenoids in the maternal liver, the egg yolk and the embryonic liver were investigated. 2. Four groups of 25 Rhode Island Red hens were fed on standard layer-breeder diets with concentrations of supplemented vitamin A ranging from 0 to 120 mug/g retinol equivalents from 28 weeks of age. After 3 months, the concentration of vitamin A in the maternal liver was found to be greatly enhanced in proportion to the increasing rates of supplementation with the vitamin. However, the concentration of vitamin E in the maternal liver was markedly reduced by high dietary contents of vitamin A. 3. The concentration of vitamin A in the yolk of the hens' eggs was markedly increased by the dietary supplementation. However, the concentration of both vitamin E and carotenoids in the yolks were significantly reduced by high dietary contents of vitamin A. 4. The concentration of vitamin A in the liver of the embryo and the day old chick was greatly increased by the high concentrations of maternal vitamin A provision. However, the concentration of vitamin E, carotenoids and ascorbic acid in the embryonic/neonatal liver were significantly reduced by high contents of vitamin A in the maternal diet. 5. The susceptibility of the embryonic/neonatal liver to lipid peroxidation was significantly increased as a result of high provisions of maternal vitamin A. 6. It is concluded that excessive provision of vitamin A to the laying hen results in an adverse effect on vitamin E, carotenoids and ascorbic acid in the embryonic/neonatal liver and can compromise the antioxidant status of the progeny. 相似文献
16.
17.
H F Schryver D L Millis L V Soderholm J Williams H F Hintz 《The Cornell veterinarian》1986,76(4):354-360
The effect of dietary aluminum on the absorption, retention and pathways of excretion of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper was studied in balance trials in mature ponies in a three by three latin square experiment. A basal diet consisting of one third each of oats, beet pulp and a commercial pelleted, complete horse ration and containing 336 ppm aluminum was supplemented with AlC1(3) . 6H2O. The middle and high level aluminum diets contained 1370 and 4500 ppm aluminum respectively. There was little difference in effect between the middle level aluminum and basal diets. The ponies were in negative phosphorus balance when fed the high level aluminum diet because phosphorus absorption was suppressed. Calcium absorption was unaffected by aluminum intake but the ponies were in negative calcium balance when fed the high aluminum diet due to the greater urinary excretion of calcium by the ponies. Presumably, calcium was excreted in urine because it was not utilized in the formation of bone crystal due to the lack of phosphate. Plasma calcium was elevated and plasma phosphorus was depressed when ponies were fed the high aluminum diet. Plasma hydroxyproline concentration was increased suggesting that bone turnover was increased due to aluminum effects on phosphorus and calcium metabolism. Magnesium, zinc, iron and copper metabolism were unaffected by aluminum intake. 相似文献
18.
本研究选用72只6周龄京白鸡,随机分为A、B、C、D、E和F六组,分别饲喂钙、锌水平不同的日粮(各组锌、钙分别为:21.5ppm,0.95％;21.5ppm,1.95％;21.5ppm,2.95％;49ppm,0.95％;49ppm,1.95％;49ppm,2.95％),进行为期30天的饲养试验。试验中观察增重和临床变化;饲养结束时,取全血、羽毛、胫骨、肝和肾等组织的样本,测定其锌、钙、铁、铜、锰等元素的含量。试验结果是,D组增重和发育良好;A组稍次于D组;其他各组出现程度不同的临床症状,并且这些组所测组织锌含量明显低于D、A组,且其羽毛铁、骨铜、羽毛锰含量明显升高,而羽毛铜、肾铜及肾锰则显著降低。 相似文献