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1.
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is known for environmentally friendly material as it is derived from annually renewable crops and biodegradable. Dispersant-free dyeing of PLA fabric with three temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes which contain β-sulfatoethylsulfonyl group was investigated and their dyeing and fastness properties were compared with those of commercial disperse dyes. The temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes were successfully applied to PLA fabric without the use of dispersant. The color yield on PLA fabric was dependent on dyebath pH and dyeing temperature as well. The optimum results were obtained at pH 7-8 and 110 °C. The dyes showed markedly higher color yield on PLA fabric when compared to commercial disperse dyes. Wash fastness was very poor to poor but light fastness was good. The COD levels of the dyeing effluent from the temporarily solubilized disperse dyes were considerably lower than those from commercial disperse dyes. 相似文献
2.
Gulzar A. Baig 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(11):1912-1918
PLA knitted fabric was subjected to various textile wet processes viz., scouring, bleaching, and simulated dyeing. Various process parameters viz., temperature, time, and pH of the chemical bath were studied to investigate their effect on the hydrolytic stability of PLA fibers. The hydrolytic stability was measured in terms of weight loss and mechanical properties of PLA yarns. Infrared spectroscopy was carried out to investigate the surface chemistry of greige and processed PLA fibers. SEM was employed to investigate the surface morphology of fibers. The results showed that scouring should be carried out around glass transition temperature (T g ) of the PLA polymer. Bleaching with hydrogen peroxide proved to be very deleterious to the fiber structure. Simulated dyeing of PLA at higher temperature and longer process times severely degraded the mechanical properties of PLA yarns. 相似文献
3.
The microbial transglutaminase (mTGase) is used as a bio-catalyst to repair the wool damages caused by chemical or enzymatic
treatments. In this paper, the effect of mTGase on the degree of yarn strength, area shrinkage, wettability, and the dyeing
properties of wool was investigated. Through mTGase treatment, the yarn strength was improved about 22.2 %. The knitted wool
fabrics treated with mTGase after pretreatment of H2O2 and protease displayed 7.5 % of area shrinkage and about 22.3 % recovery in tensile strength when compared with those treated
without mTGase. Also, mTGase treatment could improve the wettability and dyeing properties of wool fabrics. With the increase
of mTGase concentration, the initial dye exhaustion increased significantly and the time to reach the dyeing equilibrium was
shortened. It was evident that the improvement of dyeing properties was closely related to the improvement of wettability
performance of wool fabric by using transglutaminase. 相似文献
4.
We have studied a mathematical model to compare the handle of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics
throughout finishing steps. Mechanical and surface properties at low stress of PLA and PET fabrics and the effects of different
finishing treatments on these properties are investigated. The KES-FB (Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics) is used for
the measurements of low stress tensile, shear, bending, compression and surface properties. There is no standard method to
determine the total handle value for summer knitted fabrics. Therefore a mathematical method i.e. the Weighted Euclidean Distance
method was used to indirect determination of total handle value from the KES-system parameters. The results reveal that the
mechanical and surface properties as well as handle of PLA and PET fabrics change significantly after different finishing
stages. The difference between handle of PLA and PET fabrics has been significantly reduced after dyeing, drying, heat setting
and softening processes. 相似文献
5.
A series of cotton knitted fabrics was produced and finished according to three different recipes in order to compare the changes of their heat resistances. The heat resistance was measured using the sweating guarded hotplate. Measurements were carried out on one layer of produced knitted fabrics, as well as on two layers of fabrics. The results indicated significant influence of all carried finishing treatments to the decrease of heat resistance of knitted fabrics. It was shown that the high influence of finishing treatment to the total heat transfer trough fabric remains if the fabric is worn with additional knitted fabric layer. The presented results and performed statistical analysis indicated significant effect of finishing treatments to the changes of fabric parameters and furthermore to the changes of heat resistance what directly affects the total thermophysiological comfort of knitwear. 相似文献
6.
Polylactic acid (PLA) has received considerable attention as a biomass material for the textile industry. To use a PLA fabric in the textile industry, suitable postprocessing that can promote hydrophilicity of such fabrics is required. Here, hydrolytic action of a proteolytic enzyme (alcalase from Bacillus licheniformis) on PLA fibers was evaluated. In addition, the effects of an additive on the enzymatic hydrolysis were analyzed. The results revealed that the optimal enzymatic-hydrolysis conditions for this alcalase are pH 9.5, temperature 60 °C, enzyme concentration 50 % on weight of fabric (owf), and Lcysteine concentration of 3 mM. PLA fabrics were hydrolyzed effectively, however; there was no damage to these fabrics judging by tensile strength and surface observations. X-ray diffractometry identified a new peak (at 2θ=18.5 °), implying a morphological change caused by the treatment. Moreover, hydrophilic properties such as moisture regain and dyeing properties were enhanced by this proteolytic enzymatic hydrolysis. Therefore, according to this study, enzymatic hydrolysis is a suitable finishing method for improvement of hydrophilicity of PLA fabrics. 相似文献
7.
Dyeing and color fastness properties of a reactive disperse dye containing an acetoxyethylsulphone group on PET, Nylon, silk
and N/P fabrics were examined. The reactive disperse dye exhibited almost the same dyeing properties on PET fabric as a conventional
disperse dye except the level of dye uptake. The most appropriate pH and dyeing temperature for the dyeing of Nylon fabric
were 7 and 100°C respectively. The build-up on Nylon fabric was good and various color fastnesses were good to excellent due
to the formation of the covalent bond. Application of the reactive disperse dye on silk fabric at pH 9 and 80°C yielded optimum
color strength. The rate of dyeing on Nylon fabric was faster than that on PET fabric when both fabrics were dyed simultaneously
in a dye bath, accordingly color strength of the dyed Nylon was higher. The reactive disperse dye can be applied for one-step
and one-bath dyeing of N/P mixture fabric with good color fastness. 相似文献
8.
Following our previous research [1], an extensive investigation on the effects of four mercerization treatment parameters namely, alkali concentration, time of treatment, bath temperature, and mercerization tension on dimensional properties of plain knitted fabric produced from cotton yarn is presented in this paper. Numerical values of constant geometry of the dry relaxed, wet relaxed, and mercerized samples were calculated according to Munden’s equations. Study shows that the area geometry constant values (K s ) achieved after mercerization treatment was higher than values obtained for the samples subjected to dry and wet relaxations. Also, ANOVA test confirmed significant effects of each parameter itself and their interactions on dimensional properties of the fabric samples. Based on the results, applying less value of tension improves dimensional stability of the fabric but not for the samples mercerized in higher values of three other parameters. The alkali concentration had an optimum value in mercerization treatment. In mercerizing conditions carried out in high temperature and long time, lower alkali concentration is more efficient. Increasing time of treatment leads to achieve higher K s value when lower value of alkali concentration is used. Most of the samples mercerized in bath temperature of 40 °C had the highest K s . At the end of the research a statistical model was derived to predict the area geometry constant of the fabric. 相似文献
9.
Simona Jevšnik Darinka Fakin Lea Heikinheimo Zoran Stjepanovič 《Fibers and Polymers》2012,13(3):371-379
Enzyme treatment technologies in textile processing have become commonly-applied techniques for the modification of fabric-handle appearance, and other surface and mechanical characteristics of fabrics. Most studies have focused on understanding the impact of enzyme treatments on the fabric preparation, dyeing, and finishing processes of woven fabrics, whilst only limited research has been reported regarding any enzymatic effects on the surface and handproperties of knitted fabrics. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of two different enzymes Trichoderma reesei whole cellulase, and enriched (EGIII) endoglucanase cellulase, at three different enzyme dosages on 100 % cotton interlock knitted fabric. This was in order to evaluate certain surface properties such as pilling, friction. and geometrical roughness. Furthermore, the compression and tactile properties of knitted fabric were also analyzed. The results show that treatment conditions with enzyme Trichoderma reesei whole cellulase had the more pronounced effect on the surface properties compared to the enriched EGIII enzymes. In general, it can be concluded that both types of enzymes improved the surface properties and hand when compared with the silicone softener-treated reference sample of interlock knitted fabric, as is statistically confirmed by one-way analysis of variance. 相似文献
10.
Muhammet Uzun 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(10):1714-1721
The paper focuses on the application of ultrasonic energy in textile laundering. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in ultrasonic energy application in textile industry; however, the effect of ultrasonic laundering on the thermophysiological properties of knitted fabrics has not been studied yet. This study was conducted by using polylactic acid (PLA), cotton, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and poly acrylic (PAC) fibres containing yarns and their blends. Knitted fabrics, single pique, were made from these yarns by using weft knitting machine. The fabrics were washed ten times for 15 and 60 minutes under 40 °C by using conventional and ultrasonic washing methods. The main aim was to determine the effect of washing methods on the thermophysiological properties of the fabrics. It is also aimed to analyse and evaluate the thermophysiological properties of the PLA fabrics. The incorporation of 100 % PLA and cotton/PLA yarns into single pique knitted fabrics has been attempted to produce for the first time and studied their thermal comfort properties. The results show that the washing processes have a critical importance for the tested fabrics in terms of thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, thermal absorbtivity, water vapour permeability, and heat loss. It has been also demonstrated that the fabric cleaning by using ultrasonic method enhanced the properties of tested fabrics such as thermal conductivity and % recovery. It was also noted that 15 minutes ultrasonically washed fabrics had significantly lower thermal resistance as compared to conventionally washed fabrics. 相似文献
11.
C. N. Herath 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(8):1339-1346
In this research work, air permeability variations of core spun cotton/spandex single jersey and 1×1 rib knitted structures were studied under relaxation treatments. Results are compared with similar fabrics made from 100 % cotton material. Even though cotton/spandex fabrics knitted with same stitch lengths, their structural spacing and stitch densities vary with the progression of treatments. Similar behavior was also observed with 100 % cotton knitted structures. Under higher machine set stitch lengths (i.e., lower fabric tightness factor), higher structural spacing and lower stitch densities were resulted and those variations significantly affected on the air permeability variations of knitted structures. 1×1 rib knitted structures showed significantly higher air permeability than single jersey structures and it is more prominent with cotton rib structures. However, cotton/spandex 1×1 rib and single jersey structures have not showed such significant deviations. Air permeability of cotton/spandex and 100 % cotton rib and single jersey knitted structures decreased with lower machine set stitch lengths (i.e., at higher fabric tightness factors). There was a correlation with fabric tightness, air permeability, areal density and fabric thickness such as knitted fabrics became tighter, their weight and thickness were higher, while their air permeability was lower. Thus, fabric areal density and fabric thickness are positively correlates to machine set stitch length?1 (fabric tightness factor). Air permeability of a knitted structure depends on material type, knitted structure, stitch length, relaxation treatment, structural spacing and stitch density. 相似文献
12.
Wool fabrics, without any surface treatment, can undergo undesirable and irreversible structural changes of wool fiber during washing under heat and mechanical agitation, leading to high shrinkage of wool garments. The traditional method based on polyamide resin can prevent felting and/or shrinkage of wool textiles, but adversely affect the surface hydrophobicity. In the present study, a treatment solution was developed based on TriSilanolIsooctyl POSS® and 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, which created wool surface with increased hydrophobicity and highly resistant to shrinkage or felting, as measured after 3×5A wash cycles (equivalent to 24 domestic washes). After the treatment, the wool fabric appeared to be superhydrophobic with a water contact angle of above 150°, compared to the untreated fabric. The treatment has marginal effect on mechanical performance as observed in tensile properties. Scanning electron microscopic images revealed a coating of POSS® on the wool surface. The dyeing of untreated and treated fabrics appeared to be uniform to the naked eye, though spectrophotometric analysis indicated a difference in the extent of dyeing performance. This research showed that POSS®-based treatment is a potentially effective approach for developing shrink-resistant wool textiles with enhanced surface hydrophobicity, in contrast to traditional chlorine/polyamide resin treatment. 相似文献
13.
Wool/cotton union fabric was dyed with a direct dye in union shade. The dyeing was performed in a single bath in relation
to four factors: leveling agent (Lyogen SMKI, 0–1.5 % oww), electrolyte (sodium sulfate, 0–10 %), dyeing temperature (85–95
°C), and dyeing time (15–60 min). The dyeing was characterized by dye bath exhaustion (%), color strength (K/S value), washing
fastness, and light fastness of dyed sample. Response surface analysis showed that the exhaustion of direct dye increased
with electrolyte, dyeing temperature, and dyeing time while the K/S value followed a linear shape with leveling agent and
dyeing temperature. An optimized recipe was formulated based on response surface strategy and numerical optimization solution. 相似文献
14.
The dyeing and color fastness properties of three reactive-disperse dyes containing a sulphatoethylsulphone group on Nylon,
cotton and N/C mixture fabrics were examined. Reduction-clearing was more effective in removing the unfixed dyes than soaping
since the reactive-disperse dye became hydrophobic during dyeing process. Nylon was dyed well with three reactive-disperse
dyes at pH 5∼8 and difference in chemical structure between dyes did not affect the final color strength of the dyed Nylon
fiber, but their build-up properties on Nylon were not so good. The color strength of the dyed cotton was not as high as that
of Nylon. The color strength of cotton increased by lowering dyeing temperature when the reactive-disperse dyes having hydroxy
group were used. Nylon absorbed more dye molecules than cotton in simultaneous dyeing, the color difference between Nylon
and cotton could be reduced as the dyeing temperature decreased. N/C mixture fabric was dyed well at 60 °C with the reactive-disperse
dyes having hydroxyl group when applied at pH 7 and 60 °C, and their build-up properties were good. It was also found that
washing fastness and rubbing fastness of dyed Nylon, cotton and N/C fabrics with the reactive-disperse dyes were excellent,
while light fastness was moderate. 相似文献
15.
Three unreported cationic reactive dyes based on azobenzene were synthesized using a novel synthetic route. Synthesized dyestuffs containing three primary color dyes were characterized by FTIR, H-NMR, LC-MS, Element Analysis and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques. The absorption spectra of dyes were measured in three solvents with different polarities. The dyeing and color fastness properties of three cationic reactive dyes on wool, acrylic and wool/acrylic blend fabrics were determined. The optimum pH for wool and acrylic fabrics were 6 and 5, respectively. Effect of temperature, time on dyeing properties and color fastness properties on wool fabric showed the same tendency with acrylic fabric. The K/S value of wool fabric dyed with three dyes was similar to that of acrylic fabric when both fabrics were dyed simultaneously in the same dyebath using low dye concentration. Wool/acrylic blend fabric dyed with three cationic reactive dyes using onebath one-step method achieved good union dyeing property and excellent color fastness. 相似文献
16.
TiO2 contents in yarns can influence color yield so that dyeing quality of industrial poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) yarns
can be improved through the adjustment of TiO2 contents. To evaluate the dyeing performance of color yield, the chips which included the different TiO2 contents of 330, 550, and 1,100 ppm respectively were used to produce the yarns of different TiO2 content by a spin-draft machine. The physical and structural properties of the yarns were measured to investigate effect
of the TiO2 contents on them. Dye uptake and dyeing rate were also evaluated using a colorimeter to compare the yarns having different
TiO2 contents. The experimental results showed that there were no appreciable variation in physical and structural properties
among the yarn samples and no difference were observed among the dyed fabric samples with regard to dyeing uptake and dyeing
rate. However, the color yield of dyed fabrics increased as TiO2 contents decreased in the yarns especially when the fabric samples were dyed to pale shade. The physical reasoning could
be proposed on why the yarns having low TiO2 contents appeared to have higher color yield after dyeing. 相似文献
17.
本文对苎麻高支细薄织物的丝光、纯苎麻单面印色休闲面料的染整工艺及吸湿快干苎麻针织面料的开发中的某些染整技术问题进行分析讨论,并提出了相关技术建议。 相似文献
18.
The dyeing and color fastness properties of two reactive-disperse dyes containing a sulfatoethylsulfone group on nylon, PET
and N/P mixture fabrics were examined. The rate of dyeing on nylon fabric was greatly dependent upon dye bath pH. The final
dye uptakes at all pH, however, were as high as 97 %. Color strength of the dyed nylon fabric linearly increased up to 0.5
%owf and then slowed down over 1 %owf dyeing. Washing and rubbing fastness of the dyed nylon fabric were excellent, but grade
of light fastness was moderate. Dyeability of the reactive-disperse dyes on PET fabric was not much affected by pH, and K/S
values of PET fabric dyed at pH 5–8 were lower than those of nylon fabric at all pH examined. Buildup and color fastnesses
properties on PET fabric showed the same tendency with nylon fabric. The rate of dyeing of the reactive-disperse dyes on nylon
fabric was faster than on PET fabric when both fabrics were dyed simultaneously in the same dye pot, resulting in higher color
strength of nylon than PET. The reactive-disperse dyes were found to be adequate to the one-bath, one-step dyeing of N/P mixture
fabric when applied at pH 5 and 120 °C. 相似文献
19.
本文对苎麻高支细薄织物的丝光、纯苎麻单面印色休闲面料的染整工艺及吸湿快干苎麻针织面料的开发中的某些染整技术问题进行分析讨论，并提出了相关技术建议。 相似文献
20.
Dispersant-free PTT dyeing of temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes based on pyridone moiety which contain β-sulfatoethylsulfonyl
group was investigated. The dyes were successfully applied to PTT without the use of dispersants. The color yields of the
dyes on PTT fabric were dependent on dyeing pH as well as dyeing temperature. The optimum results were obtained at pH 5–6
and 110 °C. The dyes showed alkali-clearing property and exhibited good to excellent fastness on the PTT fabric. The COD levels
of the dyeing effluent from the temporarily solubilized disperse dyes were much smaller than those from commercial disperse
dye. 相似文献