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从患乳房炎和子宫内膜炎奶牛的奶或子宫黏液中分离菌株后经鉴定选取金黄色葡萄球菌105株、表皮葡萄球菌20株、大肠埃希氏菌20株、链球菌38株（其中停乳链球菌8株，无乳链球菌30株）和牛多杀性巴氏杆菌5株。在体外用重组溶葡萄球菌酶、苯唑西林、氨苄西林、庆大霉素按照微量肉汤稀释法进行抑杀菌实验。结果表明：重组溶葡萄球菌酶对奶牛乳房炎和子宫内膜炎分离的金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌（包括耐药菌株和敏感菌株）具有良好抑杀效果，对链球菌（包括无乳链球菌和停乳链球菌）和牛多杀性巴氏杆菌具有一定的抑杀效果，对大肠杆菌作用较差；苯唑西林、氨苄西林、庆大霉素都有一定量的耐药菌株产生，而重组溶葡萄球菌酶对苯唑西林、氨苄西林、庆大霉素耐药菌株同样具有良好抑杀效果。 相似文献
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溶菌酶对奶牛子宫内膜炎主要病原的体外药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取从患有子宫内膜炎奶牛的子宫黏液中分离出的主要病原菌金黄色葡萄球菌37株、链球菌30株、大肠埃希氏菌12株和化脓棒状杆菌22株,在体外用溶菌酶、庆大霉素、氨苄西林和头孢唑啉按照微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验。结果表明,溶菌酶对奶牛子宫内膜炎分离的金黄色葡萄球菌和链球菌具有良好的抗菌活性,对化脓棒状杆菌具有一定的抑杀作用,对大肠埃希氏菌作用较弱;氨苄西林则均产生了大量的耐药菌株,而溶菌酶对庆大霉素、氨苄西林和头孢唑啉耐药菌株同样具有较好的抑杀效果。 相似文献
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对辽宁抚顺某奶牛养殖场中1例临床型乳房炎阳性病例进行病原菌分离及生化反应鉴定.结果表明,在2个患病乳区的乳样中共筛查到5株大肠杆菌、5株金黄色葡萄球菌、4株腐生葡萄球菌、2株表皮葡萄球菌、2株无乳链球菌、1株停乳链球菌及1株乳房炎链球菌.该结果可为该厂奶牛乳房炎合理治疗提供参考. 相似文献
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南宁某奶牛场乳房炎治疗用药已经出现低效或无效,为了解其主要致病菌的耐药性,随机采集乳样228份进行体细胞数检测,筛选出75份进行细菌分离鉴定及药敏试验,其中检出167株可疑菌株,并通过生化鉴定等确定出金黄色葡萄球菌28株(占16.8%)、无乳链球菌10株、停乳链球菌4株、乳房链球菌2株(占9.6%)、大肠杆菌35株(占21.0%)。结果表明,大肠杆菌分离株对链霉素等已100%耐药,金黄色葡萄球菌对氨苄西林等已100%耐药,链球菌对阿米卡星、红霉素等已100%耐药。其中三类菌对庆大霉素、头孢唑啉、头孢曲松和氧氟沙星都具有较高敏感性。 相似文献
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为探讨奶牛子宫内膜炎和隐性乳房炎之间的相关性,在宁夏地区3个大型奶牛场(根据临床型子宫内膜炎的诊断标准)选择子宫内膜炎患牛111头,用兰州隐性乳房炎检测法检测(LMT)乳样,其中82.5%的病牛同时患有隐性乳房炎,然后进行了子宫样和乳样的采集,并用常规细菌分离、培养结合高智能全自动细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统(VITEK 2 Campact),确定引起宁夏奶牛子宫内膜炎的病原菌有18种110株,引起乳房炎的病原菌有23种107株,其中大肠杆菌、停乳链球菌、克氏库克菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、假单胞杆菌、乳房链球菌、产色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、荧光假单胞杆菌、产酸克雷伯菌、副溶血弧菌、克雷伯氏菌可以同时引起奶牛子宫内膜炎和隐性乳房炎。 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎是奶牛常见病和多发病之一,给奶牛养殖业带来了巨大的经济损失。本试验对昆明地区多个奶牛场的奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌进行分离、鉴定,从114份乳样中共分离出13种305株细菌,经培养特性、染色镜检、生化鉴定等试验,鉴定出金黄色葡萄球菌63株,占20.66%;表皮葡萄球菌26株,占8.52%;无乳链球菌53株,占17.38%;停乳链球菌23株,占7.54%;乳房链球菌19株,占6.23%;乳链球菌14株,占4.59%;粪链球菌15株,占4.92%;化脓链球菌14株,占4.59%;大肠杆菌48株,占15.74%;真菌12株,占3.93%。分别对所有分离菌株进行17种药物的敏感性试验,结果表明,除真菌外所有菌株对庆大霉素、新霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、林可霉素、乳肿康均高度敏感,对临床常用的青霉素、链霉素、鱼腥草等具有较强的耐药性。 相似文献
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本研究旨在了解甘肃地区奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的感染情况,为奶牛乳房炎的防制提供理论依据。采用KB纸片扩散法,检测17株金黄色葡萄球菌对8种不同抗菌药物的敏感性;再用琼脂稀释法检测了苯唑西林、万古霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MICs);头孢西丁纸片扩散法和PCR扩增特异性mecA耐药基因对所有受试菌株进行全面的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检测。结果表明,菌株对青霉素、磺胺异恶唑具有较强抗性,而对环丙沙星、头孢唑啉、万古霉素和苯唑西林全敏感;头孢西丁纸片扩散法未能检测出表型为MRSA的阳性菌株,而PCR方法却检测出8株mecA基因阳性菌株,且这些菌株的苯唑西林MIC均小于2 μg/mL。菌株的耐药情况较严重,对甲氧西林敏感而携带mecA基因的菌株高频存在于被调查地区的奶牛场中。 相似文献
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对昆明地区多个奶牛场的奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌进行分离、鉴定,从114份乳样中共分离出细菌13种305株,经培养特性、染色镜检、生化鉴定等,鉴定出金黄色葡萄球菌63株,占20.66%;表皮葡萄球菌26株,占8.52%;无乳链球菌53株,占17.38%;停乳链球菌23株,占7.54%;乳房链球菌19株,占6.23%;乳链球菌14株,占4.59%;粪链球菌15株,占4.92%;化脓链球菌14株,占4.59%;大肠杆菌48株,占15.74%;真菌12株,占3.93%。分别对分离菌株进行17种药物的敏感性试验,除真菌外,所有菌株对庆大霉素、新霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、林可霉素、乳肿康均高度敏感,对临床常用的青霉素、链霉素、鱼腥草等具有较强的耐药性。 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎病原菌分离鉴定及药敏试验 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过对锡林浩特市周边奶牛养殖户奶牛的62份临床型乳房炎奶样的细菌分离培养,共分离出5类36株细菌,细菌检出率为58.06%,其主要致病菌为葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌、巴氏杆菌。并依据乳房炎发病机理,选择具有抑菌、活血化瘀、控制炎症反应、改善局部微循环作用的中药针剂进行药敏试验。市售以复方蒲公英野菊花注射液、复方地丁注射液、复方野菊花夏枯草注射液具有良好的抑菌清热、活血化瘀、止血、止痛等功效,可作为治疗临床型乳房炎的首选药物,降低抗生素奶源和弃奶损失,保证消费者健康。 相似文献
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利用BIOLOG系统对不同种类细菌鉴定的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为完善细菌鉴定工作,本试验通过利用BIOLOG细菌自动微生物分析系统(简称BIOLOG系统)对13株大肠杆菌、15株巴氏杆菌和7株金黄色葡萄球菌进行了鉴定,并与传统方法[1]包括形态学观察、革兰氏染色、生化实验等的鉴定结果进行了比对.实验结果表明,与传统方法相比BIOLOG系统具有准确、快捷、简便的优点,同时也有一定的局限性,从而为BIOLOG系统的更好使用提供了实验依据. 相似文献
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头孢喹诺对几种常见动物病原菌的体外抗菌作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用微量肉汤稀释法测定国产头孢喹诺对5种常见动物病原菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC),并与头孢噻呋、氨苄西林及环丙沙星进行比较。结果显示头孢喹诺对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC为1~2μg/mL,抗菌活性强于其他3种药物;对大肠杆菌的MIC≤0.031~0.25μg/mL,抗菌活性与环丙沙星相近,高于头孢噻呋和氨苄西林;对链球菌的MIC≤0.031~1μg/mL,抗菌活性与头孢噻呋和氨苄西林相近,高于环丙沙星;对多杀性巴氏杆菌以及胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的MIC分别≤0.031~0.5μg/mL和≤0.031μg/mL,抗菌活性与头孢噻呋和环丙沙星相近,强于氨苄西林。结果表明头孢喹诺对革兰氏阳性和阴性菌均具有强大的体外抗菌作用。 相似文献
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Kill kinetic studies for two cephalosporin antibiotics, cephalexin and cefuroxime were carried out against veterinary strains of Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Streptococcus suis, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and a laboratory culture of Staphylococcus aureus. In more than 90 per cent of cases a kill of more than 99 per cent was achieved within four hours of antibiotic treatment at concentrations of 2 or 4 micrograms/ml. Although cefuroxime was effective at lower concentrations than cephalexin the rates of kill of the two antibiotics were comparable. The results are discussed in relation to in vivo dosage regimens. 相似文献
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Bovine recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhancement of bovine neutrophil functions in vitro 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
P G Reddy D S McVey M M Chengappa F Blecha H C Minocha P E Baker 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(9):1395-1399
Neutrophils were purified from blood of dexamethasone-treated (0.04 mg/kg of body weight) and untreated calves. Cells were untreated (controls) or cultured in media containing 5 or 10 ng of bovine recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rbGM-CSF)/ml for 10 to 12 hours before being tested for various functions. Dexamethasone treatment of calves decreased luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, decreased phagocytosis of Pasteurella multocida and several Staphylococcus spp by various degrees, and decreased antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against bovine herpesvirus-infected cells by 26 to 32%. The percentage phagocytosis of coagulase-positive S aureus and S intermedius was higher than that of coagulase-negative S epidermidis for neutrophils from all calves. Culture of neutrophils with rbGM-CSF significantly increased (P less than 0.05) all of the aforementioned functions, compared with control neutrophils; however, rbGM-CSF-induced increases in function tended to be higher in neutrophils from dexamethasone-treated calves than in neutrophils from untreated calves. 相似文献
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Ceftiofur sodium, a broad-spectrum cephalosporin: evaluation in vitro and in vivo in mice 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
R J Yancey M L Kinney B J Roberts K R Goodenough J C Hamel C W Ford 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(7):1050-1053
Ceftiofur sodium, a broad-spectrum beta-lactamase-resistant cephalosporin, was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in mice. Ceftiofur is the sodium salt of (6R, 7R)-7[( 2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-Z- (methoxyimino)acetyl]amino)-3-[( (2-furanylcarbonyl)thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5- thia-1-azabicyclo-[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate. Minimal inhibitory concentration values were obtained with 264 strains representing 9 genera and 17 species of bacterial pathogens from cattle, swine, sheep, horses, poultry, dogs, cats, and human beings. Ceftiofur was more active than was ampicillin against all strains tested including beta-lactamase-producing organisms. In mice with systemic infections, ceftiofur was more active than or equivalent to ampicillin, cephalothin, cefamandole, cloxacillin, cefoperazone, or pirlimycin. These protection tests included infections with Escherichia coli, Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae, H somnus, Pasteurella haemolytica, P multocida, Salmonella typhimurium, or Staphylococcus aureus. In infant mice with E coli-induced lethal diarrhea and in mice with S aureus and E coli-induced mastitis, ceftiofur was comparable or more active than was ampicillin. 相似文献
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Turkey macrophage and heterophil bactericidal activity against Pasteurella multocida. 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Bactericidal activity of turkey macrophages and heterophils was demonstrated in an in vitro colorimetric bactericidal assay. Two vaccine strains and one field isolate of Pasteurella multocida A:3,4 and a single isolate each of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were compared for susceptibility to the bactericidal activity of turkey macrophages and heterophils. Only P. multocida A:3,4-strain M-9 (the least virulent strain) was susceptible to macrophage bactericidal activity in the absence of specific immune serum, whereas all three P. multocida A:3,4 organisms were killed when opsonized with specific immune serum. E. coli was susceptible to the bactericidal activity of macrophages, and S. aureus was resistant. All bacteria tested were highly sensitive to the bactericidal activity of intact turkey heterophils, regardless of the opsonin treatment. Electron microscopic findings suggested that heterophils may kill extracellular P. multocida. Only S. aureus and E. coli were killed by lysed heterophils. 相似文献