共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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从生理因素、土壤因素、施肥因素及管理因素的角度论述了引起转基因抗虫棉早衰的原因,进而探讨了预防对策。选用良种,合理密植,利用品种和环境资源的优化配置对早衰起弥补效应;采取深翻改土、重施基肥、早施追肥、水肥控同步等管理措施,达到强库丰源,解决或减轻早衰对转基因抗虫棉产量潜力和品质的影响。 相似文献
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转基因抗虫棉sGK9708与不同类型品种杂种的遗传及优势分析 总被引：4，自引：7，他引：4
利用转基因抗虫棉sGK9708与7个常规棉、7个优质棉、8个转Bt基因抗虫棉和6个彩色棉品系分别配制杂交组合,对其性状的遗传效应和杂种优势进行了比较分析。结果表明:(1)常规棉、优质棉和转基因抗虫棉类型的子棉产量以显性效应为主,加性效应也起较大作用,纤维品质性状的遗传变异主要来自于加性效应。(2)彩色棉类型的子棉产量性状以加性效应起主导作用,纤维品质等性状的遗传变异受显性和加性效应共同控制。(3)转基因抗虫棉类型的衣分和铃重具有极显著的显性效应,常规棉类型以加性效应为主导,优质棉和彩色棉类型由加性和显性效应共同决定。(4)彩色棉类型的子棉产量性状具有负向群体超亲优势,纤维长度和强度具有一定的正向群体超亲优势。 相似文献
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抗虫基因导入对棉花形态、产量性状及生理特性的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
从棉花形态性状、产量性状和生理特性三个方面较系统地研究了抗虫基因导入对棉花生长发育的影响。结果表明,转基因抗虫棉的单株结铃数、成铃率高于其受体品种;单株果枝数、单株果节数、铃重、衣分低于受体品种。还在棉花不同发育时期对其生理、生化特性进行了测定。 结果表明,在7月8日以前,转基因抗虫棉的光合强度和叶绿素含量低于其受体品种,从7月8日以后,转基因抗虫棉的光合强度和叶绿素含量高于其受体品种。研究还表明,转基因抗虫棉抗环境胁迫能力差,容易早衰。全生育期内,转基因抗虫棉MDA 含量均高于其相应的受体品种,SOD、POD 和CAT酶活性均比其受体品种低。 相似文献
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本研究对转觑和GNA双价基因后代植株,经南繁加代、抗虫检测、自交、单株和株系选择、纤维品质测定和产量比较试验,选育出双价转基因抗虫棉种质系BGsm16。该种质系高抗棉铃虫等鳞翅目害虫,对蚜虫有一定的抑制作用,抗虫性稳定且不随世代的增加而减弱,衣分高（48．0％左右）,配合力好,结铃性强,通风透光,皮棉产量比受体材料苏棉16号增产11．1％,品质两者相当。与其配置的杂交棉组合衣分高,丰产性好,品质高于对照南农8号,有着很强的杂种优势。转＆和GNA双价基因抗虫棉种质系BGsm16的成功选育,加强转基因棉花的抗虫能力,拓宽了抗虫谱,并有助于延缓害虫对抗虫棉产生抗（耐）性;同时改变了传统对常规抗虫棉衣分低的认识,丰富了抗虫棉种质资源,对选育高衣分杂交抗虫棉有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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The origin,evolution, cultivation,dissemination, and diversification of Asian and African rices 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
Te-Tzu Chang 《Euphytica》1976,25(1):425-441
Summary Available evidences drawn from biosystematics, evolutionary biology, biogeography, archaeology, history, anthropology, paleo-geology and paleo-meteorology are pooled to reconstruct the series of events that led to the cosmopolitan cultivation of the Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa) and the regionalized planting of the African cultigen (O. glaberrima) in West Africa. The genus Oryza originated in the Gondwanaland continents and, following the fracture of the supercontinent, became widely distributed in the humid tropics of Africa, South America, South and Southeast Asia, and Oceania. The two cultivated species have had a common progenitor in the distant past. Parallel and independent evolutionary processes occurred in Africa and in Asia, following the sequence of: wild perennialwild annualcultivated annual. The weed races also contributed to the differentiation of the cultivated annuals. The corresponding members of the above series are O. longistaminata
Chev. et Roehr., O. barthii
A. Chev., O. glaberrima
Steud., and the stapfii forms of O. glaberrima in Africa; O. rufipogon
Griff., O. nivara
Sharma et Shastry, O. sativa L., and the spontanea forms of O. sativa in Asia.The differentiation and diversification of the annuals in South Asia were accelerated by marked climatic changes following the last glacial age, dispersal of plants over latitude or altitude, human selection, and manipulation of the cultural environment.Cultivation of rice began in many parts of South and Southeast Asia, probably first in Ancient India. Cultural techniques such as puddling and transplanting were first developed in north and central China and later transmitted to Southeast Asia. Wetland culture preceded dryland culture in China, but in hilly areas of Southeast Asia, dryland cultivation is older than lowland culture. The planting method progressed from shifting cultivation to direct sowing in permanent fields, then to transplanting in bunded fields.Widespread dispersal of the Asian cultigen led to the formation of three eco-geographic races (Indica. Sinica or Japonica, and Javanica) and distinct cultural types in monsoon Asia (upland, lowland, and deep water). Varietal types changed readily within the span of a millenium, largely due to cultivators' preferences, socio-religious traditions, and population pressure. Genetic differentiation developed parallel to the ecologic diversification process.The African cultigen developed later than the Asian cultigen and has undergone less diversification. The wild races in South America and Oceania retain their primitive features mainly due to lack of cultivation pressure or dispersal.Both the African and Asian rices are still undergoing evolutionary changes at habitats where the wild, weed, and cultivated races co-exist. 相似文献
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YUAN Zheng-qiang 《保鲜与加工》2000,(5):107-110
This paper presents the class of high effective locations and its addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, involution and factorial by the object-oriented programming. 相似文献
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不同花生品种氮磷钾钙硫吸收、分配和利用的差异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过大田随机区组试验,研究优化施肥条件下,不同花生品种氮磷钾钙硫吸收、分配和利用的差异,旨在为豫南花生产区不同品种花生合理施用氮磷钾钙硫肥提供技术支撑。结果表明,花生仁中氮(N)、磷(P)、硫(S)含量最高,其中,‘驻花1号’的N、‘开农71’的P、‘冀花13’的S含量最高,分别为5.150%、0.558%、0.277%;花生茎叶中钾(K)、钙(Ca)含量最高,其中‘中花16’茎叶中K、‘中花24’茎叶中Ca含量最高,分别为1.637%、0.940%。花生仁中N、P、S积累量最高,其中,‘豫花40’花生仁中N、P、S积累量最高,分别为288.436、25.505、15.263 kg/hm2;花生茎叶中K、Ca积累量最高,其中‘豫花37’、‘中花24’茎叶中K、Ca积累量最高,分别为80.760、54.084 kg/hm2。每形成100 kg荚果需求的N、P2O5、K2O、CaO、S养分量分别3.920~5.042、0.905~1.293、1.626~2.721、0.777~1.150、0.270~0.343 kg。本试验条件下,每形成100 kg荚果,‘豫花22’需求的氮最低,‘中花24’需求的磷最低,‘商花5号’需求的钾、钙、硫最低;‘驻花1号’需求的氮最高,‘开农71’需求的磷、钾、硫最高,‘中花24’需求的钙最高。 相似文献
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以蚕豆品种青海12号为材料,通过筛选出的施肥量和密度的最优组合试验,研究其对蚕豆蛋白质和总黄酮及产量的影响。结果表明,最优组合为:N34.50kg/hm2、P2O5138.60kg/hm2、K2O135.00kg/hm2、密度13.50万株/hm2,与常规施肥相比:单产增加18.77%,蛋白质含量增加2.59%,总黄酮含量增加16.23%。 相似文献
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John Pickles 《Growth and change》2000,31(2):139-150
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不同蔬菜对重金属汞、铬、砷、镉、铅积累效应的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了对辽宁省葫芦岛龙岗区蔬菜生产基地蔬菜生产结构的调整提供科学的参考,采用原子吸收的方法,对该生产基地的土壤与蔬菜中重金属(Hg、Cr、As、Cd、Pb)的含量进行检测。结果表明：该蔬菜基地土壤中Hg的含量平均为0.42 mg/kg,Cr的含量平均为52.20 mg/kg,As的含量平均为34.92 mg/kg,Cd的平均含量为0.93 mg/kg,Pb的含量平均为98.49 mg/kg,说明该地区的土壤中重金属含量基本符合农业生产的要求;该蔬菜基地蔬菜中Hg的含量平均为0.92 μg/kg,Cr的含量平均为120.09 μg/kg,As的含量平均为13.80 μg/kg,Pb的含量平均为94.17 μg/kg,Cd的平均含量为15.65 μg/kg,并且所测定的蔬菜样本中甘蓝在5种重金属的含量上均比其他蔬菜的含量高,但也能符合国家卫生标准。此实验可为该蔬菜区蔬菜生产结构的调整提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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CHRISTOPHER H. WHEELER 《Growth and change》2005,36(3):329-353
ABSTRACT The surge in U.S. wage inequality over the past several decades is now commonly attributed to an increase in the returns paid to skill. Although theories differ with respect to why, specifically, this increase has come about, many agree that it is strongly tied to the increase in the relative supply of skilled (i.e., highly educated) workers in the U.S. labor market. A greater supply of skilled labor, for example, may have induced skill‐biased technological change or generated greater stratification of workers by skill across firms or jobs. Given that metropolitan areas in the U.S. have long possessed more educated populations than non‐metropolitan areas, these theories suggest that the rise in both the returns to skill and wage inequality should have been particularly pronounced in cities. Evidence from the U.S. Census over the period of 1950 to 1990 supports both implications. 相似文献