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1.
两种荒漠土壤和牧草矿物元素含量的比较研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
对砾石和沙质２种不同的荒漠土壤和牧草矿物元素含量进行了分析,结果表明：砾石荒漠土壤和牧草中Ｆｅ,Ｃｏ,Ｍｏ含量极显著高于沙持荒漠（Ｐ〈０．０１）,牧草Ｃｕ：Ｍｏ仅为１．３：１,沙质荒漠牧草Ｃａ含量过高,Ｐ含量偏低,导致牧草中Ｃａ：Ｐ高达５０;１,同时发现,２种荒漠牧草中Ｓｅ,Ｍｎ,Ｚｎ含量均低于反刍动物的营养需要量,其原因可能与土壤中这些元素含量偏低有直接关系。 相似文献
2.
绵羊铅镉联合中毒的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了白银矿区周围绵羊以消瘦和贫血为主要特征的疾病。通过检测食物链系统及绵羊全血、被毛和组织器官中１３种矿物元素（Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｆ、Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ａｌ、Ｃａ、Ｐ）的含量，分析血液生理生化指标的变化，揭示出现地牧草中Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ的含量高，分别为（１１１．２±９８．４）μｇ／ｇ和（１２．０±１．２）μｇ／ｇ；动物体内的Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ沉积量亦极显著高于允许值（Ｐ＜０．０１）；动物呈低色素小细胞性贫血，血清ＬＤＨ、ＡＬＴ活性和Ｔ３含量显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清蛋白含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），以及实质器官变性、坏死，肾小管上皮细胞核包涵体等病理学特点。确认该病系工业环境污染所致的绵羊铅镉联合中毒 相似文献
3.
用两种含Ｓｅ,Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ复合微量元素的缓释丸给双峰驼投服后６０ｄ,均可使双蜂驼全血和被毛Ｓｅ,Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ含量显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,在动物适宜的范围内波动,且两种缓释丸对体内元素水平的影响差异不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）。表明两种缓释丸均能作为双蜂驼补充微量元素营养的简便有效措施。 相似文献
4.
测试了１２种牧草的粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量和各自的无氮浸出物含量。牧草细胞壁损失含量与ＮＥＦ含量间呈非常显著正相关，款项人线性回归方程式为：ｙ＝－１６．６６＋０．７９ｘ（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＮＤＦＫ法ＮＦＥ含量与ＮＤＦ间呈非常显著相关（ｒ＝－０．９０１９Ｐ＜０．０１），其线性回归方程式为：ｙ＝５６．２５－０．７２ｘ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＮＤＦ法ＮＦＥ含量较ＣＦ法ＮＦＥ对照达显著水平（ｔ＝６．７０９＞ｔ０． 相似文献
5.
叶面施肥对高寒草地产草量及牧草营养品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
１９９７￣１９９８年在天然草地和人工草地进行了氮（Ｎ）、磷（Ｐ）和赤霉素（Ｇ）配方叶面施肥试验。结果表明,氮能提高禾草和莎草和生物高度（Ｐ〈０．０１）,磷能提高豆科牧草生长高度（Ｐ〈０．０１）,赤霉素能提高各类牧草生长高度（Ｐ〈０．０１ｏｒ０．０５）,施肥可明显增加天然草地产草量（Ｐ〈０．０１ｏｒ０．０５）,其中以Ｎ９０组最明显,最佳配方为Ｎ９０Ｐ４５Ｇ３７５,比对照提高产草量１７９．７０％;对人工草地仅赤霉素使无芒雀麦产草量明显提高（Ｐ〈０．０５）,Ｎ、Ｐ增产效果不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５）;施肥影响牧草营养价值,使可食牧草粗蛋白（ＣＰ）含量明显提高,粗纤维（ＣＦ）含量明显降低。结论为：高寒草地施肥以施Ｎ为主,辅助施Ｐ和Ｇ。 相似文献
6.
饲粮营养水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生化指标及生殖激素的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在探讨饲粮营养［消化能（ＤＥ）＋粗蛋白质（ＣＰ）］水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生化指标及生殖激素的影响。选用平均体重为（４．７３±０．４２）ｋｇ的经产母獭兔 １００只,随机分成 ５组（每组 ２０个重复,每个重复 １只）,分别饲喂 １０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１８％ ＣＰ、１０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１６％ ＣＰ、１０．０ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１７％ ＣＰ、９．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１８％ ＣＰ、９．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１６％ ＣＰ的试验饲粮。试验从母兔配种开始至仔兔 ４５日龄结束。结果表明：饲粮营养水平除显著影响断奶窝重（Ｐ＝０．０３６５）外,对妊娠及泌乳獭兔其他繁殖性能指标无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;饲粮营养水平显著影响妊娠獭兔血清谷草转氨酶活性（Ｐ＝０．０４３９）以及胆固醇（Ｐ＝０．０４７８）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Ｐ＝０．０２５６）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量（Ｐ＝０．０２４８）;妊娠獭兔血清生殖激素未受饲粮营养水平的影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;饲粮营养水平显著影响泌乳獭兔血清总蛋白（Ｐ＝０．０３６９）、尿素氮（Ｐ＝０．０４７３）、胆固醇含量（Ｐ＝０．０２３２）;除血清促黄体生成素外,泌乳獭兔血清其他生殖激素均未受饲粮营养水平的影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。由此得出,饲粮ＣＰ水平在 １６％ ～１８％、ＤＥ水平在 ９．５～１０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇ范围内变动时,饲粮营养水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生殖激素基本无影响,但会影响部分血清生化指标。 相似文献
7.
牦牛和藏羊蹄罐头营养含量测定及营养标签设计 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对牦牛、藏羊蹄及蹄筋的营养成分乾地了实验室常规分析。试验结果表明：鲜羊蹄的钙含量显著于鲜牛蹄（Ｐ〈０．０１）,除此之外,二者在其它营养物含量上无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）;干羊蹄筋的各项营养指标均显著高于鲜牛羊蹄（Ｐ〈０．０１）,这主要是干羊蹄筋的水分含量较低所致。成品中,除钙含量在牛羊蹄间有较大差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）外,其余养分含量在二者间无差异,羊蹄筋中钙和粗蛋白含量显著高于牛羊蹄（Ｐ〈０．０１）,但粗脂肪含量却显著低于牛羊蹄（Ｐ〈０．０１）,而磷的含量在三者之间差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。并按营养成份设计牦牛、藏羊蹄及蹄筋食品的营养标签。 相似文献
8.
日粮中钙磷水平对肉用仔鸡生产性能及机体钙磷含量的影响 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
选用２７６只１日龄ＡＡ肉用公雏，随机分成２３组，每组１２只，采用随机试验及随机区组设计，研究日＊粮中钙、磷、维生素Ｄ３的不同供给水平对雏鸡生长及＊理化指标的影响。结果表明：０～２周龄肉用仔鸡日粮＊中，高钙、宽的钙磷比（Ｃａ＝１．２％，Ｃａ：ＡＰ＝２．６７：Ｃａ－＊１．１％，Ｃａ：ＡＰ＝２．７５：Ｃａ＝１．０％，Ｃａ：ＡＰ＝２．８６）阻碍＊雏鸡生长，降低饲料转化效率，使血钙升高，血磷降低。＊低磷日粮（ＡＰ＝０．３５％）使雏鸡生长显著下降，骨骼发育不良。在日粮中磷满足的情况下，雏鸡可以承受相应的高钙（Ｃａ＝１．２％，Ｃａ：ＡＰ＝２．６７）。日粮中钙磷的适＊宜比例为：１．８～２．２。 相似文献
9.
黄牛与牦牛投服微量元素缓释丸的应用研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
选择４０头黄牛和２０头牦牛，投服自制的Ｓｅ，Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ复合微量元素缓释丸，研究了元素在体内的代谢动力学。结果表明，投服缓释丸后第６０ｄ体内Ｓｅ，Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ含量明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１），元素之间未出现明显的拮抗作用。经过全血和被毛元素含量的动态分析，该缓释丸能使牛体内Ｓｅ，Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ适宜水平至少维持１ａ以上。 相似文献
10.
大尾寒羊生长期蛋白质需要量及代谢规律的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用生长期大尾寒羊６只，公母各半。采用饲养试验和消化代谢试验，研究其蛋白质营养需要量。结果表明，大尾寒羊体重随生长期按直线上升，而日增重则下降。大尾寒羊生长期可消化粗蛋白的维持需要量，生长前期为２．７４Ｗ０．７５ｇ／ｄ，生长后期为２．４２Ｗ０．７５ｇ／ｄ；每克增重需要可消化粗蛋白，生长前期为０．２９ｇ，后期为０．３３ｇ。大尾寒羊生长期对可消化粗蛋白的总需要量（ＲＤＣＰ）可按下式求得：生长前期：ＲＤＣＰ＝２．７４Ｗ０．７５＋０．２９ΔＷ生长后期：ＲＤＣＰ＝２．４２Ｗ０．７５＋０．３３ΔＷ式中：Ｗ０．７５为代谢体重（ｋｇ）；ΔＷ为日增重（ｇ） 相似文献
11.
This paper reports results of a study conducted to investigate the concentrations of seven mineral elements in yak blood, forage and water resources around the Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province in different seasons. Meanwhile, the nutritional compositions of the forage were also surveyed. The results suggest that the mineral elements and the forage nutrients change in a seasonal pattern. In yak blood,the sodium(Na)concentration varies from 0.291 to 0.034 mg/mL,and this is lower than the normal value. In the forage,the ratio calcium(Ca)to phosphorus(P)is 4.06～7.47:1 and potassium(K)to Na 30～27:1. These results indicate that the nutrition of the yak in the area is deficient in Na but high in K. For the withered forage sampled in February,the protein content is only 31.14% of the total protein in the forage growing at puerile stage in June. The severe loss of protein by 68. 9% and decrease of effective nutrients in the wintered forage are considered to be the reasons resulting in the poor condition of yak in winter and spring seasons. 相似文献
12.
The objective was to evaluate the content of P, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Fe, Zn, Se, and Mn in soil, forage, and serum of horses in several production units (PU) during rainy and dry seasons and predict their concentration in serum from their content in soil and forage. Soil and pastures were sampled in the dry (November–December) and in rainy seasons (June–July), and blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 76 horses in both seasons at four PU. The experimental design was a completely random design within a 4 × 2 (PU × season) factorial arrangement of treatments. Concentration of minerals in soil differed (P < .05) among PU, and contents of P, Ca, Mg, and K were low; Zn and Fe were high; and Cu and Mn were adequate. Mineral concentrations in forage differed among PU and season, and among PU within season (interaction P < .05). Contents of Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, and Cu were low; Fe was high; and P, K, Se, and Mn adequate. The mineral concentration in equine blood serum differed (P < .05) among PU and season. Overall, there were deficiencies of P, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, and Se, but adequate amounts of K, Zn, and Fe. There are imbalances of minerals in soil and forages which effected their concentration inequine blood. 相似文献
13.
本试验对三江源区不同高寒草地植物中6种矿物元素（钾K,钙Ca,钠Na,镁Mg,锌Zn,铁Fe）的含量进行了测定和分析,结果表明：植物中K元素含量为7.314～12.803 g·kg-1之间,Ca元素含量为2.851～6.823 g·kg-1之间,Na元素含量为64.404～185.553 mg·kg-1之间,Mg元素含量为1.272～2.655 g·kg-1之间,Zn元素含量为14.718～51.387 mg·kg-1之间,Fe元素含量为161.056～531.677 mg·kg-1之间;豆科（Leguminosae）植物和杂类草（Forbs）矿物元素含量显著高于禾本科（Gramineae）和莎草科（Cyperaceae）植物;植物中K元素与Mg元素、Ca元素与Na元素、Ca元素与Zn元素、Na元素与Zn元素含量之间呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.01）,Ca元素与Fe元素、Mg元素与Fe元素之间呈显著正相关关系（P<0.05）;根据美国国家研究理事会（National research council,NRC）绵羊日粮矿物元素需求标准,三江源区各草地植物中Na,Zn元素相对缺乏,其它4种元素均能满足放牧藏羊的矿物营养需求。 相似文献
14.
For horses no special tables related to nutrients for Swiss roughage exist. For this reason samples of hay, straw, silage/haylage and green forage were taken from 46 horse keeping farms in 22 cantons. The samples were judged by sense and following the nutrient--and macromineral--content as well as the content of fructans were analysed. Regarding its quality no sample was totally inadequate for horses. The mean contents of crude protein in Swiss hay for horses were clearly lower than in hay for ruminants and in German hay for horses. The mineral contents (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus) showed a wide range. On average they were also lower than the values provided in tables for ruminants. Except for one sample the silages/haylages showed a dry matter content of more than 40 %. No nutrient tables for silage or haylage, which are such high in dry matter contents, were found in the literature.The contents offructans in silage/haylage and green forage also showed a wide range with a maximum of 94 g/kg DM fructan. 相似文献
15.
为明确氮素运筹对皖草2号和墨西哥玉米植株吸收矿质元素的影响,本研究分析了皖草2号和墨西哥玉米植株各器官中的矿质元素含量、累积量以及产量变化情况。结果表明,底肥一次性施入300 kg/hm2 (即N1) 处理的皖草2号和墨西哥玉米Ca、Mg、S含量最高,叶片Ca和S含量高于茎,茎Mg含量高于叶片,皖草2号头茬草3种矿质元素含量高于墨西哥玉米;墨西哥玉米单株Ca、Mg、S累积速率和累积量显著高于皖草2号,再生草Ca、Mg、S矿质元素累积速率均呈逐渐下降趋势;皖草2号矿质元素产量显著高于墨西哥玉米,前者分次施肥处理各矿质元素产量高于一次性施肥处理。回归分析表明,皖草2号植株中3种矿质元素对生物量的作用顺序为Ca＞S＞Mg,墨西哥玉米为S＞Mg＞Ca,随着Ca、Mg、S三种矿质元素含量升高,2种牧草单株生物量有增加趋势。生产上可以采取一次性施入氮肥300 kg/hm2的管理措施,来获取矿质营养较高的牧草。 相似文献
16.
普氏原羚自然栖息地草地矿物质营养的评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
矿物质元素是动物生长发育和生命活动必需的营养。为了更好地开展普氏原羚的保护工作,对普氏原羚主要栖息地的青海湖布哈河上游地区高寒草甸的矿物质营养分布特点进行了系统的分析。应用显微分析法分析动物食性,采取电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法分析矿物质含量。结果发现,牧草萌发期的混合牧草硒和铜元素含量极显著高于牧草快速生长期(Cu,F2,27=3.27, P=0.008; Se,F2,27=3.27, P=0.009),但牧草枯黄期与萌发期间无显著差异。不同牧草品种体内的矿物质元素含量也存在明显的差异,唐古特铁线莲、沙蒿、芨芨草是主要的高硒植物,其中芨芨草硒含量最高。芨芨草是普氏原羚的基本食物,占总食物的13.68%,但不是普氏原羚的喜食植物(选择性指数为-0.886)。碱蒿、冷蒿、紫花针茅是主要的高铜植物,其中紫花针茅的铜含量最高,是普氏原羚的主要食物,占总食物的9.40%,但不是普氏原羚的喜食植物(选择性指数为0.037)。因此,对放牧动物来说,普氏原羚栖息地存在严重的矿物质营养不平衡问题,属于严重硒缺乏区,季节性铜硒缺乏区,普氏原羚基本食物是高硒植物芨芨草,增加了其食物的平均硒含量,普氏原羚的主要食物是含铜量最高的紫花针茅,增加了其食物的平均铜含量。增加牧场高硒和高铜植物的比例,提高土壤牧草的硒和铜元素的含量和扩大普氏原羚的采食范围都是保护普氏原羚的主要措施。 相似文献
17.
SUMMARY Studies were made to determine if a practical assessment of the calcium and phosphorus nutrition of horses could be obtained from an analysis of urine samples. The concentrations of Ca and P in urine samples changed markedly when groups of 4 mares were fed diets containing from 1.0 to 3.9 g Ca/kg and from 1.5 to 6.1 g P/kg, but serum concentrations of Ca and P remained relatively constant. The concentrations in single urine samples were considered unreliable indicators of excretion of the minerals because of variations in water excretion, and two methods to overcome this problem were examined. In one method, the creatinine clearance ratios (%Cr) of Ca and P were calculated. The other method was simpler, and concentrations of the minerals were expressed as the ratio of the total solute concentration. Both of these methods appeared to give reliable estimates of the excretion of Ca and P in urine, and there were significant relationships between the values obtained for horses fed diets containing a wide range of Ca and P. When the horses were fed adequate Ca, the Ca-%Cr was greater than 2.5% and P-%Cr was less than 4%. The corresponding ratios of mineral concentration to solute concentration were greater than 15 μmole Ca/mosmole and less than 15 μmole P/mosmole. When a low Ca (1.0 g/kg) and high P (4 g/kg) diet was fed, the excretion of Ca and P had changed markedly after 3 days and could be monitored in single samples of urine by either method. It was concluded that a practical assessment of the Ca and P nutrition of horses could be obtained from an analysis of urine samples to determine if the diet is either low, adequate or high in Ca, and high in P. 相似文献
18.
This study aimed at determining relationships between the age of the Wielkopolski horses, ATP in whole blood and in the erythrocytes, and between erythrocyte Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity, and serum concentrations of mineral components. ATP was measured in whole blood and in erythrocytes by HPLC method. Serum concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were measured spectrophotometrically, while Na+ and K+ by flame photometry. In horses aged from 4 to 48 months, a dynamic decrease in ATP activity was found. Erythrocyte Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity decreased proportionally with the decrease in ATP activity. The results of this study may enable planning physical effort of horses at optimum use of energetic efficiency of their erythrocytes and mineral components in relation to their age. 相似文献
19.
E. Kienzle F. Möllmann S. Nater M. Wanner B. Wichert 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(6):712-717
Hay samples from 29 horse farms in Southern Upper Bavaria and 31 horse farms in Switzerland were taken and analysed for minerals such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium. The content of herbs and legumes in the hay was determined and the Weende analysis was performed. Comparison between Bavaria and Switzerland resulted in comparable calcium contents of approximately 4 g Ca/kg dry matter (DM) in grass hay. Hay with more than 10% of herbs and legumes found only in Switzerland showed higher Ca contents of >7 g Ca/kg DM in hay. The mineral contents of phosphorus and potassium were lower in hay from Switzerland (P: 1.8 ± 0.7 g/kg DM, K: 15.4 ± 5.1 g/kg DM) than from Bavaria (P: 3.8 ± 0.6 g/kg DM, K: 20.0 ± 6.0 DM), whereas the magnesium content of the hay showed no difference between the regions (∼1.5 g Mg/kg DM). Very late first grass hay cuts showed low magnesium and calcium (<4 g/kg DM) contents. Further minerals in the hay for horses differed from those in dairy cattle in the same region. Fertilization showed only small effects on the mineral contents of the hay produced for horses. Therefore, in calculation of ration and production of supplements for horses, these differences should be taken into account. 相似文献
20.
为了解保健砂中主要矿物质元素的含量情况,试验采集了6省共11个地区的鸽保健砂产品,首先比较了用湿法消化、干法消化和酸溶解法对钙磷待测样品进行前处理的效果,分别按照GB/T 6436-2018和GB/T 6437-2018测定方法测定了样品中的Ca、P含量,接着采用GB/T 13885-2017方法测定了样品中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn的含量。结果表明：Ca的测定３号样品干法较湿法消化结果高3.16%（P ＜ 0.05）,5号样品干法、酸溶解法较湿法消化结果分别低0.87%、2.16%（P ＜ 0.05）,三种方法中酸溶解法最适合对保健砂进行前处理|多数省（市）的保健砂样品均有较高含量的Ca,最高达到29.4%|P含量普遍严重偏低,8个样品的P含量都在0.05%以下,比其余样品的P含量低数十倍|钙磷比多数都在100以上,最高钙磷比达到792,保健砂中钙磷比例严重失衡|样品中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn的含量分别为3387 ～ 22185、3.8 ～ 112.5、7.46 ～ 865.5 mg/kg和58.8 ～ 1401 mg/kg。由此可见,保健砂中各矿物质元素含量差异均极大,迄今没有统一的标准,质量问题不容忽视。
[关键词] 保健砂|矿物质元素|前处理|钙|磷 相似文献