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大豆浓缩蛋白替代鱼粉对大菱鲆摄食、生长及体组成的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了大豆浓缩蛋白(SPC)替代鱼粉对大菱鲆生长及生理生化指标的影响。5种饲料分别含有0、12.0%、25.0%、37.0%和49.5%的SPC以替代相应的鱼粉,并分别添加0、0.83%、1.65%、2.48%和3.30%的必需氨基酸混合物(L-lysine∶DL-methionine∶L-leucine∶Lvaline∶L-threonine=18∶6∶3∶2.5∶2)以平衡各组饲料的氨基酸组成。每种饲料投喂3个水族箱(300 L),每个水族箱放养实验鱼16尾,实验鱼初始体质量为(31.1±0.1)g。经过9周生长实验,结果显示随着饲料中SPC替代水平的升高,大菱鲆摄食率、特定生长率均显著下降(P0.001)。然而,当使用0~37.0%的SPC替代鱼粉时,各处理组饲料效率和蛋白质效率未出现显著差异(P0.05)。饲料中SPC替代鱼粉对大菱鲆鱼体水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪及灰分含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。各处理组干物质和粗蛋白的表观消化率之间也未出现显著差异(P0.05)。研究表明,在本实验条件下SPC不能作为大菱鲆饲料中替代鱼粉的有效蛋白源,造成SPC替代效果较差的主要原因是其对大菱鲆饲料适口性的显著影响。 相似文献
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选购颗粒饲料机时 ,一方面要质量好 ,另一方面还要有先进的技术。本文主要介绍了环模颗粒饲料机的构造和简单的工作过程以及好的技术对饲料生产的影响 ,强调了技术含量对选购环模颗粒饲料机的重要性。1 环模颗粒饲料机的构造和工作过程图a 颗粒机的构造 图b 制粒原理1.料斗 相似文献
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大伙房水库在多年网箱养商品鲤基础上，运用积累的数据与经验，改进了配合饲料和投饲技术。详细介绍了１９９７ ～１９９８ 年网箱养鲤饲料的配制、营养和投饵计划的制定等情况，分析了饲料质量对养殖结果的影响 相似文献
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水产饲料车间品质控制要点与建议 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
水生生物整个摄食生长过程都是在水环境中进行和完成，水产动物生活环境的差异决定了其饲料加工和要求有别于畜禽饲料的加工。本文基于水产饲料生产加工一线的具体情况(主要针对颗粒料)，就如何提高饲料耐水性，降低饲料含粉率，控制和保证饲料外观、颜色、切口和适当的水分进行了分析，提出对生产车间各个环节进行监控及品质控制要点与建议，并对车间品控监察点的建立及质量保证措施作一些探讨。 相似文献
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《渔业科学进展》2017,(3)
本研究通过在低鱼粉型膨化饲料中添加不同比例的混合型小麦蛋白(GWT,由小麦蛋白、低筋面粉和牛磺酸分别以77.5%、20.5%和2.0%的比例混合而成),逐步替代饲料中低温干燥鱼粉(LT-FM)或大豆浓缩蛋白(SPC),饲喂日本黄姑鱼(Nibea japonica)[初始体重为(12.83±0.91)g]和黑鲷(Sparus macrocephalus)幼鱼[初始体重为(15.40±0.02)g]59 d,研究其对2种鱼类血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标的影响。本研究配制8种等氮、等能饲料(粗蛋白:44.1%–45.6%、总能:21.5–22.0 MJ/kg),其中,对照组饲料以LT-FM(20.0%)和SPC(21.4%)为主蛋白源,6种实验饲料以GWT分别替代对照组饲料中33.3%、66.7%和100%的LT-FM或SPC蛋白,另配制1种实验饲料(联合替代组),用GWT替代对照组饲料中50%的LT-FM和SPC蛋白。结果显示,用GWT替代对照组饲料中的LT-FM对日本黄姑鱼血清总蛋白(TP)、甘油三酯(TG)和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量以及肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均无显著影响(P0.05),但显著降低了血清总胆固醇(TC)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量(P0.05)。相较对照组,GWT高比例(66.7%和100%)替代LT-FM引起日本黄姑鱼血清SOD活性的显著升高(P0.05)。GWT替代对照组饲料中LT-FM或(和)SPC均未对黑鲷幼鱼血清中的TP、TG、TC、GLU含量、肝脏MDA含量和血清SOD活性产生显著影响(P0.05),而GWT完全替代LT-FM组、GWT替代33.3%和66.7%SPC组以及GWT联合替代组的黑鲷幼鱼肝脏SOD活性均显著上升(P0.05)。总之,在本研究中,日本黄姑鱼相较黑鲷对低鱼粉饲料中鱼粉用量的进一步下降更为敏感,GWT高比例甚至完全替代LT-FM和SPC,未对黑鲷血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标造成显著影响。本研究首次以小麦蛋白作为饲用蛋白源替代LT-FM和SPC在日本黄姑鱼和黑鲷中开展研究;实验采用低鱼粉型(20%)膨化实用饲料作为对照组。 相似文献
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@@@@鲑鱼养殖业通过饲料、进料装置、鱼类监控信息系统、免疫及遗传等流程创新加强生产控制程度。当前鲑鱼养殖生产已从技术要点控制转向生物型制造。 相似文献
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本研究通过在低鱼粉型膨化饲料中添加不同比例的混合型小麦蛋白(GWT,由小麦蛋白、低筋面粉和牛磺酸分别以77.5％、20.5％和2.0％的比例混合而成),逐步替代饲料中低温干燥鱼粉(LT-FM)或大豆浓缩蛋白(SPC),饲喂日本黄姑鱼(Nibea japonica)[初始体重为(12.83±0.91)g]和黑鲷(Sparus macrocephalus)幼鱼[初始体重为(15.40±0.02)g]59 d,研究其对2种鱼类血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标的影响.本研究配制8种等氮、等能饲料(粗蛋白:44.1％-45.6％、总能:21.5-22.0 MJ/kg),其中,对照组饲料以LT-FM(20.0％)和SPC(21.4％)为主蛋白源,6种实验饲料以GWT分别替代对照组饲料中33.3％、66.7％和100％的LT-FM或SPC蛋白,另配制1种实验饲料(联合替代组),用GWT替代对照组饲料中50％的LT-FM和SPC蛋白.结果显示,用GWT替代对照组饲料中的LT-FM对日本黄姑鱼血清总蛋白(TP)、甘油三酯(TG)和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量以及肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均无显著影响(P＞0.05),但显著降低了血清总胆固醇(TC)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量(P＜0.05).相较对照组,GWT高比例(66.7％和100％)替代LT-FM引起日本黄姑鱼血清SOD活性的显著升高(P＜0.05).GWT替代对照组饲料中LT-FM或(和)SpC均未对黑鲷幼鱼血清中的TP、TG、TC、GLU含量、肝脏MDA含量和血清SOD活性产生显著影响(P＞0.05),而GWT完全替代LT-FM组、GWT替代33.3％和66.7％SPC组以及GWT联合替代组的黑鲷幼鱼肝脏SOD活性均显著上升(P＜0.05).总之,在本研究中,日本黄姑鱼相较黑鲷对低鱼粉饲料中鱼粉用量的进一步下降更为敏感,GWT高比例甚至完全替代LT-FM和SPC,未对黑鲷血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标造成显著影响.本研究首次以小麦蛋白作为饲用蛋白源替代LT-FM和SPC在日本黄姑鱼和黑鲷中开展研究;实验采用低鱼粉型(20％)膨化实用饲料作为对照组. 相似文献
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质量控制图在水产饲料氨基酸分析中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对实验室自制标准物料-豆粕样品中氨基酸含量的多次测定,建立X-S质量控制图,开展水产饲料氨基酸分析日常质量控制。试验按照GB/T 18246-2000,通过微波水解-离子交换-柱后衍生-紫外检测法对豆粕样品氨基酸含量进行连续测定,并以FAPAS奶粉标准物质验证,利用偏度-峰度检验法对离群值进行判断,建立赖氨酸、甘氨酸、氨基酸总量质量控制图。结果显示,质量控制图中豆粕质控样赖氨酸、甘氨酸、氨基酸总量测定的RSD值均小于4%,FAPAS奶粉标准物质测定值落在参考范围内,建立的质量控制图能对日常氨基酸检测结果进行有效监控。结果表明,所建立氨基酸质量控制图直观有效,能对过程存在的异常因素起到预警作用,并可节约成本。 相似文献
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用90头平均体重20kg左右的健康去势杂交长荣F1代仔猪,分为5组,研究了不同鲜啤酒糟与配合精料搭配比例（1．0、1．5、2．0、2．5、3．0,以下分别称1、2、3、4、5组）对生长育肥猪生产性能的影响。啤酒糟含DM13．8％、DE0．41％Mcal/kg、CP4.2％、CF2.0％、Lys赖氨酸0.16％。20kg~50kg阶段基础饲料含DE3.36Mcal／kg、CP14.57％、Lys0．76％;50kg－90kg阶段基础饲料食DE3.35Mcal／kg、CP11.17％、Lys0．55%。结果表明,随鲜啤酒糟与精料比例增加,试验猪日采食风干饲料、养分摄入量和日增重都逐渐降低;20kg~50kg阶段第1、2（P＜0.01）、3组（P＜0.05）日增重显著地高于第5组．50kg－90kg阶段各组差异不显著。猪料肉比和每kg增重饲料成本则随啤酒与精料比例增加而呈曲线关系。曲线回归分析表明,20kg－50kg阶段纣啤酒糟与精料比例为1．53：1.50kg~90kg阶段比例为2.64：1时,猪每kg增重饲料成本最低。限制啤酒糟用量、影响猪日增重及每kg增重饲料成本进一步降低的主要因是日粮能量水平偏低和氨基酸特别是赖氨酸不平衡。建议在配合精料中应尽量使用高能量饲料（如豆粕、大豆、油脂等）,优质蛋白饲料,注意必须氨基酸的平衡,尤其应加重赖氨酸的用量;在饲养方式上应尽量做到让猪充分自由采食,特别是在? 相似文献
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Soy protein concentrate as an alternative in replacement of fish meal in the feeds of hybrid grouper,brown‐marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) × giant grouper (E. lanceolatus) juvenile 
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下载免费PDF全文 Norfazreena Mohd Faudzi Annita Seok Kian Yong Rossita Shapawi Shigeharu Senoo Amal Biswas Kenji Takii 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(1):431-441
Hybrid grouper juveniles (body weight, 6.1 ± 0.7 g) (brown‐marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × giant grouper, E. lanceolatus) were fed with six isoproteic (50% crude protein) and isolipidic (12% crude lipid) feeds containing different levels of soy protein concentrate (SPC) in replacement of fish meal (SPC at 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% protein) and control feed (SPC0) for 6 weeks. Hybrid grouper juveniles were cultured in 100‐L fibreglass tank equipped with flow‐through water system and fed twice a day to apparent satiation level. The highest and lowest growth was recorded in fish fed SPC20 and SPC60 respectively. However, growth of SPC20 was not significantly higher than those fed SPC0, SPC30, SPC40 and SPC50 (p > .05). A decreasing growth trend was observed with the increasing level of SPC from feed SPC40 to SPC60. A noticeable better feed utilization was also observed in fish fed SPC0, SPC20, SPC30, SPC40 and SPC50 compared to fish fed SPC60 (p < .05). The fish condition factor, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index and whole body proximate content of the fish were not affected by the graded levels of SPC. However, the body lipid content was significantly lower in fish fed SPC40 to SPC60 (p < .05). The apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of protein and lipid was significantly higher in fish fed SPC0 and SPC20 compared to other dietary treatments (p < .05). Based on the regression analysis on specific growth rate, the study suggests that the hybrid grouper grow best at 21.4% and can utilize up to 50% inclusion level of SPC in protein without significantly affect their growth and its body condition. 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》1998,11(4):239-246
High energy extruded diets were formulated to contain the same level of protein supplied either by soy protein concentrate (SPC) or fish meal. Three experiments were performed in order to measure voluntary feed intake and feed waste, faecal losses and soluble losses of nitrogen and phosphorus in rainbow trout (average body weight: 100 g). Voluntary feed intake and growth performance of fish fed with demand feeders were not different when diets contained 0, 50 or 75 % SPC instead of fish meal. Total replacement of fish meal by SPC led to a significant decrease in feed intake and resulted in poor growth. This was partly due to methionine deficiency in the SPC based diet. With the addition of crystalline DL-methionine in the diets, an improvement of feed intake and growth performance was apparent. Protein digestibility was high, regardless of the protein source. Excretion of ammonia and urea increased with the level of SPC in the diet. Nitrogen losses decreased when methionine was added to the diet containing only SPC as a protein source. Availability of phosphorus increased with the level of SPC in the diets. Daily soluble losses were not affected by the dietary treatments but the pattern of phosphorus excretion after feed intake was modified. The rise in soluble phosphorus in water occurred later when fish were fed diets with soy protein whatever the dietary level of soy protein concentrate. 相似文献
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Evaluation of Soy Protein Concentrate and Meat and Bone Meal as a Replacement for Fish Meal in the Diet of Nile Tilapia Fingerlings 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Manoel Joaquim Peres Ribeiro Rose M. Vidotti Leandro A. Ferreira Giovani Sampaio Gonçalves 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2016,47(3):369-375
This experiment evaluated soy protein concentrate (SPC) and meat and bone meal as a replacement for fish meal protein (FP) in the diet of Nile tilapia fingerlings. Five diets were evaluated including a control diet (50.0% crude protein [CP], of which half the protein came from fish meal [FM]), and four diets in which FM was replaced by increasing amounts of SPC (25.5, 50.0, 75.5, and 100.0%) in combination with meat and bone meal. At the conclusion of a 60‐d growth trial, the following parameters were determined: final weight (FW), final length (FL), weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), apparent feed conversion (AFC), survival (SUR), and production cost. The estimate of the best replacement value was determined by polynomial regression and the linear response plateau. The results showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement for WG and AFC ratio as FM was gradually replaced by SPC. The parameters FL and FI reached their optimum value at a replacement level of 100% SPC. These results show that it is feasible to use a combination of SPC and meat and bone meal in a balanced feed formulation as an alternative protein source in the diets of Nile tilapia fingerlings. 相似文献
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We determined the effects of complete fishmeal (FM) replacement by alternative protein (soy protein concentrate, SPC) with guanosine monophosphate (GMP) supplementation on growth, digestibility, immunity, blood chemistry profile, and stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major. FM protein of a FM-based control diet (FM0) was replaced with 33.3 (FM33.3), 66.6 (FM66.7), and 100% (FM100) by SPC protein, and each replacement group was supplemented with 0.4% GMP to formulate four experimental diets. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish (4.8 g) for 56 days. Results demonstrated that fish fed diet group FM33.3 had the significantly highest final weight, weight gain-specific growth rate, and feed intake. Meanwhile, in comparison to control, growth performance and feed utilization did not significantly differ with 66.7% FM replacement by SPC with GMP supplementation. Apparent digestibility coefficient of protein and lipid also followed a similar trend. All growth, feed utilization, and digestibility parameters were significantly lower in FM100 diet group. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and triglycerides (TG) increased (P < 0.05) with increasing FM replacement level by SPC. Interestingly, total cholesterol level reduces with the increasing level of FM replacement by SPC with GMP supplementation. Fish fed FM0 diet group showed the best condition of both oxidative and freshwater stress resistance. Meanwhile, FM33.3 and FM66.7 diet groups showed acceptable conditions. Innate immune responses enhanced with the increasing FM replacement level by SPC with GMP supplementation. In conclusion, FM could be replaced ≤66.7% by SPC with GMP supplementation in diets for red sea bream without any adverse effects on fish performances. 相似文献
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Luiz Eduardo Lima Freitas Alberto Jorge Pinto Nunes Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo Sá 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(6):866-877
This study evaluated the growth (first phase) and feeding responses (second phase) of juvenile mutton snapper fed four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with increasing levels of soy protein concentrate (SPC) in substitution to fish meal (FM). The FM was replaced by SPC at 0% (basal diet, SPC000), 33% (SPC130), 57% (SPC214) and 77% (SPC300). After 95 days of rearing, fish fed SPC300 attained a significantly lower body weight (54.9 ± 13.2 g) compared with those fed diets SPC000, SPC130 and SPC214 (76.5 ± 14.0 g, 73.9 ± 13.8 g and 70.5 ± 14.0 g respectively). Fish yield increased significantly from 891 ± 36 g m?3 for fish fed SPC300 to an average of 1099 ± 111 g m?3 for other diets. A maximum fish body weight gain of 0.60 ± 0.05 g day?1 and a maximum specific growth rate of 1.47 ± 0.07% day?1 were achieved for SPC000. Behavioural assays conducted during 10 days revealed the loss in fish growth with diets containing higher levels of SPC was due to a decline in feed intake. Low feed intake driven by a poor feed palatability appeared to have been a major obstacle against higher inputs of SPC in diets for mutton snapper. 相似文献
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大豆浓缩蛋白对中华鲟幼鱼生长、血脂和体成分的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别用大豆浓缩蛋白(SPC)替代饲料中0(R0,对照组),15%(R15),30%(R30)和45%(R45)的鱼粉蛋白,配制成4组等氮等能饲料,喂养(58.00±2.69)g中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)幼鱼10周,每组设3个重复,研究SPC对中华鲟幼鱼生长性能、饲料利用率,以及血脂和体成分的影响。结果显示,随替代比例的增加,中华鲟幼鱼的增重率(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料效率(FE)和蛋白质效率(PER)逐渐降低,肥满度和肝体指数无显著性差异(P>0.05)。FE在R30组出现显著差异(P<0.05),WG、SGR和PER在R45组出现显著性差异(P<0.05)。随替代比例的增加,血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量无显著变化(P>0.05),胆固醇(CHOL)、甘油三脂(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量逐渐降低。CHOL、TG和LDL-C含量在R30组出现显著差异(P<0.05)。随替代比例的增加,肌肉和肝脏水分逐渐升高,脂肪逐渐降低,蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。R30和R45组的肌肉和肝脏水分含量显著高于R0组(P<0.05),脂肪含量显著低于R0组(P<0.05)。结果表明:在本试验条件下,综合考虑生长性能、饲料利用、血脂和体成分等指标,中华鲟幼鱼饲料中SPC替代鱼粉蛋白的比例可达30%。 相似文献
19.
C. Metochis V. O. Crampton K. Ruohonen J. G. Bell A. Adams K. D. Thompson 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2016,42(3):807-829
Diets with 50 (SPC50), 65 (SPC65) and 80 % (SPC80) substitution of prime fish meal (FM) with soy protein concentrate (SPC) were evaluated against a commercial type control feed with 35 % FM replacement with SPC. Increases in dietary SPC were combined with appropriate increases in methionine, lysine and threonine supplementation, whereas added phosphorus was constant among treatments. Diets were administered to quadruplicate groups of 29 g juvenile Atlantic salmon were exposed to constant light, for 97 days. On Day 63 salmon were subjected to vaccination. Significant weight reductions in SPC65 and SPC80 compared with SPC35 salmon were observed by Day 97. Linear reductions in body cross-sectional ash, Ca/P ratios, and Ca, P, Mn and Zn were observed at Days 63 (prior vaccination) and 97 (34 days post-vaccination), while Mg presented a decrease at Day 63, in salmon fed increasing dietary SPC. Significant reductions in Zn, Ca, P and Ca/P ratios persisted in SPC65 and SPC80 compared with SPC35 salmon at Day 97. Significant haematocrit reductions in SPC50, SPC65 and SPC80 salmon were observed at Days 63, 70 and 97. Enhanced plasma haemolytic activity, increased total IgM, and a rise in thrombocytes were demonstrated in SPC50 and SPC65 salmon on Day 97, while increased lysozyme activity was demonstrated for these groups on Days 63, 70 and 97. Leucocyte and lymphocyte counts revealed enhanced immunostimulation in salmon fed with increasing dietary SPC at Day 97. High SPC inclusion diets did not compromise the immune responses of salmon, while SPC50 diet also supported good growth without compromising elemental concentrations. 相似文献
20.
Soy and rapeseed protein concentrates (SPC and RPC) were evaluated as fish meal substitutes in gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. diets. The protein concentrates were used to replace 30%, 60% and 100% fish meal, and effects on feed intake, weight gain and feed gain ratio were determined in a 56‐day growth trial. Some groups were then grown beyond 56 days, until all reached an average weight of 50 g. A comparison of body composition at 50 g showed no significant differences in protein and ash content among all fish, while lipid and energy contents were different. The 100% RPC and 60% and 100% SPC replacement diets had lower body lipid and energy contents compared with those of the control diet. Feed intake and weight gains were inversely related to inclusion levels of plant proteins. Feed intake dropped to 52–72% of that of the control treatment and weight gain to 46–61%. Energy retention followed this same trend, decreasing from ERV values of 53 to 44 with an increase in dietary plant protein content. With the exception of 100% SPC substitution (PPV = 35), protein retention among treatments was similar (PPV = 37–39). These results suggest that both SPC and RPC may be promising protein sources for inclusion in seabream diets. The relative palatability of these plant proteins could be a limiting factor in their use. 相似文献