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1.
本试验旨在研究2%裂殖壶菌粉蛋鸡饲粮中添加胆碱和磷脂对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响。选用360只28周龄的海兰灰产蛋鸡,随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。基础饲粮含有2%裂殖壶菌粉(二十二碳六烯酸(DHA),137.09mg/g)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,其他4个处理组在基础饲粮上分别添加1,000mg/kg胆碱(CHO)、1,000mg/kg乙醇胺(MEA)、1,000mg/kg溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)和500mg/kgLPC+500mg/kgMEA(LPC+MEA)。所有饲粮等能(代谢能,11.15MJ/kg)等氮(粗蛋白,16.60%)。试验期28天。结果表明:各处理饲粮对蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质无显著影响(P0.05)。饲喂28天后,饲粮添加LPC显著降低了蛋黄单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)的含量(P0.01),提高了多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量(P0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮添加LPC有增加蛋黄n-6PUFA含量的趋势(P=0.07);饲粮添加CHO和LPC显著提高了蛋黄n-3PUFA和DHA含量,降低n-6PUFA与n-3PUFA的比例(n-6/n-3)(P0.01)。饲喂14天后,蛋黄DHA含量达到最大值,且蛋黄DHA含量在CHO和LPC组高于其他各组(P0.05)。结论:2%裂殖壶菌粉蛋鸡饲粮中添加胆碱,饲喂周期达到14天后,可增加蛋黄n-3PUFA和DHA含量,且对蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质和鸡蛋组分无不良影响。  相似文献   

2.
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加微藻二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和α-亚麻酸(ALA)对蛋黄脂肪酸成分以及蛋黄胆固醇、甘油三酯的影响。方法:选取300日龄海兰褐蛋鸡576只,随机分为3个处理,每个处理3个重复,每重复64只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组添加0.2%DHA和0.3%ALA,试验期42 d。结果表明:添加DHA和ALA的鸡蛋,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量均有显著提高(P0.05);添加DHA比添加ALA更能显著增加蛋黄中的二十二碳六烯酸(P0.05),更具降低胆固醇等作用。2个添加组均能显著增加n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)的含量(P0.05),并且添加DHA或ALA均能降低n-6/n-3的比值;添加DHA和ALA都可以显著降低蛋黄中的总胆固醇(TC)和总三酰甘油(TG)值(P0.05);添加DHA能更有效的降低血清TG。  相似文献   

3.
将135只26周龄海兰褐商品蛋鸡随机分为3个处理,分别饲以3种日粮:n-3多不饱和脂肪酸日粮(PUFA)、n-6PUFA日粮和普通日粮研究PUFA类型对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋黄脂肪酸富集的影响。试验结果表明:n-3PUFA日粮使产蛋率和饲料效率显著(P<0.05)降低;n-6PUFA日粮组死亡率与其他组相比极显著(P<0.01)上升。两种PUFA日粮使蛋黄n-3PUFA及n-6PUFA含量显著(P<0.05)改变。结果表明:PUFA日粮能显著改变蛋黄PUFA的组成,可生产出n-3PUFA含量达到585mg/枚和n-6PUFA含量达到1595mg/枚的鸡蛋;但试验发现日粮中添加过多的亚麻籽和葵籽对蛋鸡生产性能有不良的影响(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

4.
为了解橡胶籽饼对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响,选取25周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡72只,随机分为6个组,每个组设4个重复,每个重复3只鸡,对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ~Ⅴ组饲粮分别配合5%、10%、15%、20%和25%的橡胶籽饼,各组饲粮营养水平一致,试验期16周。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组日采食量显著增高(P0.05),其他3个组差异不显著(P0.05);除试验Ⅰ组外,其余试验组料蛋比显著增高(P0.05);除试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组外,其余试验组平均蛋重均显著降低(P0.05);除试验Ⅰ和Ⅴ组外,其余试验组蛋壳厚度显著增加(P0.05);所有试验组蛋鸡体重、产蛋率、蛋黄重、蛋黄比、蛋形指数、蛋壳比和蛋壳重无显著差异(P0.05)。研究结果表明,饲粮中配合5%~10%橡胶仔饼不影响蛋鸡体重、产蛋率,但随配合比例的提高,蛋鸡采食量和蛋壳厚度增加,料蛋比呈现上升趋势,平均蛋重和腹脂率呈现下降趋势,鸡蛋品质不受影响。  相似文献   

5.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加亚麻籽和鱼油对蛋鸡蛋黄n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量、肝脏脂肪酸组成及其合成代谢基因表达的影响。选择28周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡96只,随机分为4组,每组24只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加10%亚麻籽、10%亚麻籽+5%鱼油和5%鱼油。饲养21 d后连续收集7 d鸡蛋,然后每组随机选取4只鸡屠宰取样。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)添加亚麻籽和鱼油均显著增加蛋黄中n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量(P0.05),其中单独添加鱼油的蛋黄中二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和二十碳五烯酸含量最高;2)试验组肝脏单不饱和脂肪酸比例均显著降低(P0.05),肝脏n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例均显著增加(P0.05);3)单独添加鱼油显著降低肝脏脂肪酸延长酶1、脂肪酸延长酶2和去饱和酶(脂肪酸去饱和酶1、脂肪酸去饱和酶2和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1)基因表达水平(P0.05)。由此可见,蛋鸡饲粮中单独添加亚麻籽或鱼油可以富集蛋黄n-3多不饱和脂肪酸沉积;添加亚麻籽促进肝脏α-亚麻酸转化生成DHA过程,表现为上调脂肪酸延长酶和去饱和酶基因表达,添加鱼油显示相反结果。  相似文献   

6.
产蛋鸡日粮亚麻油水平对蛋黄脂肪组成及脂质代谢的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
选择54只50周龄健康海蓝褐壳蛋鸡,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每个重复3只鸡,分别饲喂含0%、2%和4%亚麻油的日粮,研究不同亚麻油水平对蛋黄脂肪酸组成及脂质代谢的影响。结果表明:日粮亚麻油水平升高,肝脏和蛋黄中α-亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)等n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)的含量显著增加(P0.05)。与0%亚麻油组比较,2%和4%亚麻油组蛋黄的ALA分别增加8.33倍和18.18倍,EPA含量分别增加7.75倍和4.00倍,DHA含量分别增加5.95%和9.19%。表明蛋黄沉积脂肪酸与日粮脂肪酸组成有强相关。日粮中亚麻油脂肪酸的组成可直接反映在鸡蛋蛋黄沉积的脂肪酸上,在日粮中添加亚麻油,可获得富含n-3PUFA鸡蛋。  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在比较饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响及蛋黄ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)沉积规律。选取37周龄健康、产蛋率和体形相近的罗曼蛋鸡216只,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每重复12只。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,2个试验组分别饲喂基础饲粮中添加8%微藻(微藻组)和8%亚麻籽(亚麻籽组)的饲粮。试验期4周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组的产蛋率、平均日采食量、平均蛋重和料蛋比均无显著差异(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组的蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋黄比例、蛋白重、蛋白比例、蛋白高度和哈氏单位均无显著差异(P0.05);但贮存时间延长可极显著降低哈氏单位和蛋白高度(P0.01),且微藻组和亚麻籽组的降低程度高于对照组;微藻组蛋黄颜色评分极显著高于对照组和亚麻籽组(P0.01)。3)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组蛋黄ω-3 PUFA含量均极显著提高(P0.01),ω-6 PUFA含量和ω-6/ω-3极显著降低(P0.01)。4)微藻组和亚麻籽组蛋黄中二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、ω-3PUFA含量均第13天富集饱和,后出现缓慢降低趋势。由此可见,饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽均可生产富含ω-3 PUFA鸡蛋,最佳时间为第13天后,并且对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质无不良影响,但富含ω-3PUFA鸡蛋不易贮存。  相似文献   

8.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加格氏碱对海兰褐蛋母鸡的生产性能、蛋品质、血液生化指标和生殖激素的影响。选用56周龄、体型基本一致、产蛋率为82%的海兰褐蛋母鸡144只,随机分为2个处理组(每个处理组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡),对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加500 g/t格氏碱的试验饲粮,试验期为84 d。结果显示:试验组和对照组相比产蛋率有所提高;试验第6周时试验组蛋黄颜色和蛋黄比重显著大于对照组(P0.05);试验组蛋鸡血清内尿酸含量显著低于对照组(P0.05);试验组血清中促卵泡生成素、促黄体生成激素、雌二醇和孕酮的含量相比对照组略有提升。因此,日粮添加500 g/t格氏碱可加深海兰褐蛋鸡所产鸡蛋蛋黄颜色,提高蛋黄比重,改善蛋壳颜色,减少血清中尿酸含量。  相似文献   

9.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加亚麻籽油对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸组成及鸡蛋风味的影响。选取40周龄海兰灰商品代蛋鸡288只,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复9只鸡。设计分别添加0、0.5%、1.0%和3.0%亚麻籽油的4种等能等氮日粮。预试期1周,正试期4周。结果显示:(1)日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、3.0%亚麻籽油对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质均无显著影响(P0.05);(2)亚麻籽油可显著提高蛋黄中α-亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)及总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量,且其随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化(P0.05);(3)3.0%亚麻籽油组显著降低了蛋黄气味及滋味评分,同时显著增强了蛋黄鱼腥气味及滋味评分(P0.05),而蛋黄总体接受度显著降低(P0.05),且其均随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化(P0.05);(4)鸡蛋蛋黄总n-3PUFA含量与鱼腥气味、滋味间具有显著相关性(P0.05),且鸡蛋蛋黄接受度随n-3PUFA含量增加而降低(R2=0.801)。综上所述,日粮添加亚麻籽油可提高蛋黄总n-3PUFA含量,但添加量过高时对鸡蛋风味产生不良影响导致总体接受度下降;蛋黄总n-3PUFA含量不高于21.26mg/g时,可接受度评分大于5分,鸡蛋感官品质在可接受范围内。  相似文献   

10.
为研究蛋鸡日粮中添加亚麻籽对蛋黄中多不饱和脂肪酸富集的影响,根据相关标准,采用人工和系统的检索方法检索相关文章,并用荟萃分析(Meta-analysis)的方法分析计算合并标准均数差(SMD)及95%置信区间(95%CI)。通过检索与筛选,共有8篇文章21个试验被纳入,共包括1390个研究对象。Meta分析的结果显示:蛋黄中亚麻酸(ALA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、亚油酸(LA)、总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)、花生四烯酸(AA)、总n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6PUFA)、n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA的SMD和95%CI分别为17.51(13.34,21.69)、5.39(4.22,6.55)、0.42(-0.39,1.23)、8.86(7.59,10.14)、-1.62(-2.54,-0.70)、-0.44(-0.97,0.08)和-5.22(-6.62,-3.82);混合线性模型的结果显示:DHA和n-3PUFA的异质性来源为亚麻籽添加剂量,蛋黄中ALA、AA、LA和n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA的异质性来源为亚麻籽的添加剂量和蛋鸡产蛋周龄。由分析结果可知,蛋鸡日粮中添加亚麻籽能显著提高蛋黄中的ALA、DHA及n-3PUFA的含量并能显著降低AA和n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA的水平,且富集水平受到亚麻籽添加剂量和蛋鸡产蛋周龄的影响。  相似文献   

11.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加胆碱与裂殖壶菌油(Schizochytrium oil,SO)对鸡蛋卵黄脂质及二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)富集的影响。选取26周龄京红蛋鸡288只,分4组(每组6个重复,每重复12只鸡)。采用2×2因子试验设计,饲粮添加胆碱(500和1 000 mg/kg)和SO(0和0.5%)为2个主效应,共配制4种等氮等能饲粮。预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)试验期内,各组生产性能和蛋品质均无显著差异(P0.05)。2)各组卵黄中干物质、粗脂肪、胆固醇及甘油三酯含量均无显著差异(P0.05)。1 000 mg/kg胆碱组卵黄总磷脂含量显著高于500 mg/kg胆碱组(P0.05)。胆碱和SO对卵黄总磷脂含量有显著交互作用(P=0.04),1 000 mg/kg胆碱+0.5%SO组卵黄总磷脂含量最高。3)0.5%SO显著提高卵黄n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)和DHA含量(P0.05),显著降低n-6 PUFA含量及n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA值(P0.05)。胆碱和SO对卵黄中n-3 PUFA(P0.001)、n-6 PUFA(P=0.01)及DHA(P0.001)含量和n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA值(P=0.01)有显著交互作用,1 000 mg/kg胆碱+0.5%SO组卵黄中n-3PUFA和DHA含量显著高于其他组(P0.05),且n-6 PUFA含量及n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA值显著低于其他组(P0.05)。综上,本试验条件下,饲粮中1 000 mg/kg胆碱和0.5%SO联合添加可促进卵黄DHA富集,且对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质无显著影响。  相似文献   

12.
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary Rhodobacter capsulatus on lipid fractions and egg‐yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens. Thirty‐six laying hens (30 weeks old) were randomly assigned into two dietary groups fed diets with (0.04%) or without (control) R. capsulatus for a 60‐day feeding trial. Dietary R. capsulatus decreased (p < 0.05) serum and hepatic cholesterol and increased (p < 0.05) the excreta cholesterol, and resultant lower (p < 0.05) cholesterol contents in egg yolk. The concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and ratio to saturated fatty acids in egg yolk was improved (p < 0.05) by dietary R. capsulatus. The concentration of hepatic bile acid was increased (p < 0.05) and excreta bile acid was decreased (p < 0.01) in the laying hens fed R. capsulatus diet. The incorporation of 1‐14C‐palmitic acid into hepatic lipids and lipid fractions was increased (p < 0.05) in laying hens fed R. capsulatus diet. Moreover, dietary R. capsulatus did not appear to cause any adverse effects on laying hen performances. Therefore, dietary supplementation of R. capsulatus in layer diets may be a feasible means of producing eggs with lower cholesterol and higher PUFA contents for health conscious consumers.  相似文献   

13.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential effect of different levels of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) seed powder and ginger (Zingiber officinale) root powder on egg yolk fatty acid composition, blood/yolk cholesterol in laying hen. A total of 63 (ATAK‐S: Domestic Turkish Laying Hens) laying hens (average weight: 1470 g each hen, 25‐weeks of age) were assigned to seven treatment diets including sumac seed (S) and ginger root powder (G) at 0 g/kg (control), 10 g/kg (S1), 20 g/kg (S2), and 30 g/kg (S3); 10 g/kg (G1), 20 g/kg (G2), or 30 g/kg in rations respectively, for 8 weeks. After a two‐week adaptation period to cages, the hens were allocated to 7 groups with 9 replicates of 1 hen in per cage each. The replications were allotted equally into the upper and lower cages to minimize the effects of cage level. In this study, egg yolk cholesterol had a decrease (p <0.05) in supplemented diet( sumac seed and ginger root powder). Fatty acid content in yolk; saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and rate of n6/n3 were not significant (p <0.05). However, dietary supplementation with sumac and ginger powder reduced and yolk/blood cholesterol concentrations in laying hens. Supplementation of sumac and ginger affected on HDL, there was found a significant effect (p < 0.05) in treatment groups. Moreover, LDL positively decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control group. The findings of this study suggested that feeding sumac and ginger tend to be decreasing cholesterol levels in both yolk and blood on laying hens. It can be concluded that ginger root and sumac seed powder can be used as an effective feed additive to improve fatty acid composition and yolk and blood cholesterol in ATAK‐S laying hens.  相似文献   

14.
The influence of dietary palm olein, in comparison to fish oil and lard, on lipid levels in egg yolk and blood plasma, the fatty acid composition of egg yolk, and various production parameters were studied. Brown Lohman laying hens (n=45) were randomly assigned into three groups of 15 birds, and treated with experimental diets with either 3% palm olein (PO), fish oil (FO) or lard (L) for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, feed consumption was significantly lower for hens fed the PO diet, except week 6 of the experiment. The concentration of plasma triglycerides was increased by all experimental diets, whereas there were no significant increases of plasma total lipid and total cholesterol concentrations only in the PO group. For yolk lipids a decrease in triglycerides in the FO and L groups was observed, while total cholesterol and total lipid were significantly decreased in the PO group. Feeding with the PO diet resulted in the lowest concentrations of palmitic, stearic and linoleic acid, as well as in the highest concentration of monounsaturated oleic acid in the yolk total lipid. It was concluded that the composition of yolk lipids did not closely match the concentrations of lipids observed in experimental diets or plasma. Based on the current work it seems that the PO diet modulates egg yolk lipid content best.  相似文献   

15.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平苜草素对蛋鸡胆固醇代谢的影响,并探讨其基因表达调控机制。选取体重和产蛋率相近的26周龄尼克蛋鸡540只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加300、600、900、1 200 mg/kg的苜草素。预试期7 d,正试期70 d。结果表明:1)试验第35天和第70天,900 mg/kg苜草素组的蛋黄胆固醇含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,900 mg/kg苜草素组显著升高了蛋鸡血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量和高密度脂蛋白/低密度脂蛋白(HDL/LDL)(P0.05),各组蛋鸡血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量差异均不显著(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,600、900、1 200 mg/kg苜草素组显著降低了蛋鸡肝脏中3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶(HMGCR)mRNA表达量(P0.05),900和1 200 mg/kg苜草素组显著升高了蛋鸡肝脏组织中胆固醇7α-羟化酶(CYP7A1)mRNA表达量(P0.05)。各组蛋鸡肝脏中固醇结合蛋白元件-2(SERBP-2)和卵巢中卵黄蛋白原受体(OVR)mRNA表达量无显著差异(P0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加苜草素降低了蛋黄胆固醇和全蛋胆固醇含量,其调控机制可能是通过抑制蛋鸡胆固醇的内源性合成和促进胆固醇向胆汁酸的转化排泄2种途径来实现。本试验推荐26~35周龄蛋鸡苜草素添加水平为900 mg/kg。  相似文献   

16.
本试验旨在探讨日粮中亚麻籽添加水平和添加时间对蛋中n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的富集以及蛋品质的影响。选取46周龄京粉1号蛋鸡1 344只,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复56只。4个处理组日粮中亚麻籽的添加水平分别为0%(对照组)、5%、10%、15%。试验期60 d。试验第10、20、30、45、60天测定蛋中α-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)等n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)含量。第30、60天测定蛋壳强度、蛋黄色度和哈氏单位。结果表明:亚麻籽的添加水平、时间以及二者互作均对蛋中n-3PUFA的富集产生显著影响,蛋中n-3PUFA含量随着亚麻籽添加水平和添加时间增加呈上升趋势,随后达到稳定;5%亚麻籽组中鸡蛋DHA含量最高,其他脂肪酸含量以15%亚麻籽组最高;蛋中EPA含量在20 d达到最高,其他脂肪酸在30 d达到最高;蛋黄色度随着日粮中亚麻籽添加水平升高而显著降低,其他蛋品质指标无显著变化。由此表明,给蛋鸡饲喂含15%亚麻籽日粮30 d以上,可获得理想n-3PUFA富集鸡蛋,但要保证日粮色素水平稳定。  相似文献   

17.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加亚麻籽油对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸组成及鸡蛋风味的影响。选取40周龄海兰灰商品代蛋鸡288只,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复9只鸡。设计分别添加0、0.5%、1.0%和3.0%亚麻籽油的4种等能等氮日粮。预试期1周,正试期4周。结果显示：①日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、3.0%亚麻籽油对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质均无显著影响（P>0.05）;②亚麻籽油可显著提高蛋黄中α-亚麻酸（ALA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）及总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量,且其随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化（P<0.05）;③3.0%亚麻籽油组显著降低了蛋黄气味及滋味评分,同时显著增强了蛋黄鱼腥气味及滋味评分（P<0.05）,而蛋黄总体接受度显著降低（P<0.05）,且其均随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化（P<0.05）;④鸡蛋蛋黄总n-3 PUFA含量与鱼腥气味、滋味间具有显著相关性（P<0.05）,且鸡蛋蛋黄接受度随n-3 PUFA含量增加而降低（R2=0.801）。综上所述,日粮添加亚麻籽油可提高蛋黄总n-3 PUFA含量,但添加量过高时对鸡蛋风味产生不良影响导致总体接受度下降;蛋黄总n-3 PUFA含量不高于21.26 mg/g时,可接受度评分大于5分,鸡蛋感官品质在可接受范围内。  相似文献   

18.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential use of dried cassava pulp (DCP) with reference to productive performance, nutrient digestibility, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol, cecal microbial populations, and volatile fatty acids production in laying hens. In experiment 1, a total of 48 laying hens (Isa Brown) were placed in individual cages and assigned randomly to one of 6 dietary treatment groups consisting of a control and 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% DCP for 10 d. Feeding laying hens with diets containing up to 20% DCP did not affect the dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility and nitrogen (N) retention (P > 0.05). In experiment 2, a total of 288 laying hens (Isa Brown) were randomly distributed to 6 dietary groups (one control and 5 DCP: 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25%) for 12 wk. The results show that diets containing up to 20% DCP had no significant effects on productive performance or egg quality (P > 0.05). The inclusion of DCP at levels of 20 to 25% showed a positive effect on decreased egg yolk cholesterol (P < 0.05). In addition, DCP also increased the cecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium populations, acetic acid, and propionic acid production. In conclusion, DCP can be used as part of the energy source in laying hen diets at up to 20% inclusion, without showing negative effects on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and egg quality. Feeding DCP can potentially modulate egg yolk cholesterol and cecal microbial populations and alter volatile fatty acids production.  相似文献   

19.
1. In a cross-over trial, the egg cholesterol and fatty acid composition of Araucana hens was compared with those of two commercial breeds (Lohmann Selected Leghorn and ISA Brown) under two feeding regimes, either high (Hn-3) or low (Ln-3) in long-chain n-3 fatty acids. 2. The Hn-3 diet was formed by isocaloric substitution of animal fat in the control diet (Ln-3) by a dry product containing stabilised fish oil with standardised concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). 3. Both breed and diet had influences on egg composition, without interactions. 4. The Araucana breed showed lower feed intake and lower egg weights than the other two breeds. The yolk weight was similar, leading to a much higher yolk:albumen ratio in the Araucana eggs. 5. In comparison to commercial breeds, Araucanas produced eggs with higher cholesterol content per g of yolk, which was even more pronounced when expressed per g of egg, due to the high yolk content of the eggs. The cholesterol content of an egg remained unchanged by the diet, irrespective of the dietary fat source. 6. Changing to the Hn-3 diet led to greater concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) contents in the yolk, without a change in the ratio of saturated (SFA) to unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). 7. Within the PUFA, the n-3 fatty acids increased at the expense of the n-6 fatty acids, indicating a competition between n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for incorporation in the yolk.  相似文献   

20.
1. beta, beta'-tetramethyl-substituted hexadecanedioic acid (MEDICA 16), an inhibitor of hepatic cholesterogenesis and lipogenesis in rats, was orally administered to 24-week-old White Leghorn hens for a period of 16 d. Hens were fed maize-soya-bean meal diets containing 0, 1.5, or 3.0 g MEDICA 16/kg. 2. Although MEDICA 16 did not affect egg weight, yolk weight, egg cholesterol content, or the efficiency of food utilisation, egg production was significantly reduced in birds fed 3.0 g MEDICA 16/kg compared to those fed the other two diets. 3. Total yolk monounsaturated fatty acids were significantly higher in eggs of hens fed both inclusion rates of MEDICA 16 compared to those of the control birds. In contrast, egg yolk total polyunsaturated fatty acid content and the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids were both inversely related to the dietary content of MEDICA 16. 4. These results suggest that MEDICA 16 primarily altered hepatic fatty acid metabolism, but not cholesterol synthesis, in laying hens.  相似文献   

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