共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
选用12头体况良好、14～15月龄、体重(262±3.5)kg的健康母水牛,按随机区组的试验设计分为3组进行饲养试验、消化代谢试验和气体代谢试验,以获得14～15月龄母水牛能量需要量。3组试验日粮均由精料和粗料(象草和发酵菠萝皮)组成。3组日粮粗蛋白水平一致(11.10%),能量水平不同,产奶净能分别为6.28(第1组),6.14(第2组)和6.00 MJ/kg(第3组)。饲养试验包括15 d的预试期和30 d的正试期,在正试期的第24和28天分别进行为期7 d的消化代谢试验和3 d的气体代谢试验,饲养试验结束后,试牛断料不断水,从绝食的第4天起进行为期2 d的绝食代谢试验。结果表明:14～15月龄母水牛正常采食状态下水牛畜体产热(HP)为0.638 MJ/(W0.75.d),绝食状态下水牛畜体产热(FHP)为0.321 MJ/(W0.75.d),热增耗(HI)为0.317 MJ/(W0.75.d),能量消化率为66.49%,能量代谢率为54.23/%。14～15月龄母水牛用于维持的净能需要量为0.401 MJ/(W0.75.d),每增重1 kg所需要的净能为12.22 MJ。14～15月龄母水牛总净能需要量可以按以下公式计算:NE(MJ/d)=(0.401+0.184△W)W0.75;NE(MJ/d)=0.401 W0.75+12.22△W,式中△W为日增重(kg/d)。 相似文献
2.
本研究旨在通过试验手段研究生长母水牛能量需要量.试验选用12头体况良好,12～13月龄,体重相近[(209±20)kg]的健康生长母水牛,按随机区组的试验设计分为3组进行能量平衡试验,通过测定能量摄人量、消化率、产热量等研究其能量需要.3组试验日粮均由精料和粗料(象草和发酵菠萝皮)组成.3组精料粗蛋白质水平一致(17.5%),能量水平不同,产奶净能分别为6.71、6.40和6.07 MJ/kg.饲养试验包括15 d预试期和30 d正试期,在正试期第24和28天分别进行为期7 d的消化代谢试验和3 d的气体代谢试验.试验结果表明,本研究条件下,12～13月龄生长母水牛正常采食状态下产热量(HP)为0.551 MJ/(W0.75·d),能量消化率为66.49%,能量代谢率为50.34%.生长母水牛用于维持的净能需要量为0.401 MJ/(W0.75·d),每增重1 kg所需要的净能为19.00 MJ.12～13月龄生长母水牛净能总需要量可以按以下公式计算:NE(MJ/d)=(0.401+0.319△W)W0.75或NE(MJ/d)=0.401W0.75+19.00△W,式中△W为牛只日增重(kg/d). 相似文献
3.
研究旨在通过回归法和绝食法测定小尾寒羊×杜泊羊杂交肉用羊(杜×寒肉羊)在生长期(20 kg)和育肥期(40 kg)时的维持净能需要量,比较测定方法间的异同。第1阶段选取24只体重(20±3)kg的杜×寒肉羊,第2阶段选取24只体重(40±5)kg杜×寒肉羊,公母各半,2个阶段分别分为4组,每组6个重复。前3组为回归法测定维持能量需要量,分别按照自由采食量的100%、80%、60%进行限饲,第4组为维持需要组。试验羊限饲7 d后各组随机选取2只羊,称重后转入特制代谢笼中适应1 d后进行4 d消化代谢试验后转入呼吸代谢舱进行4 d的呼吸测热试验,每次试验期为16 d,每阶段重复3次试验。结果表明:生长期杜×寒羔羊维持净能需要量为224.08 kJ/kg BW0.75(回归法)、232.84 kJ/kg BW0.75(绝食法);育肥期杜×寒肉羊维持净能需要量为271.33 kJ/kg BW0.75(回归法)、279.20 kJ/kg BW0.75(绝食法)。绝食法测定维持净能需要量略高于回归法,2种方法无... 相似文献
4.
《动物营养学报》2020,(5)
本研究使用新型12室并联禽用开放回流式呼吸测热装置测定不同鸡品种维持净能的需要量,以期探究不同鸡品种能量代谢的差异。试验共选用35周龄海兰褐蛋鸡、32周龄吉林芦花鸡、25～28日龄罗斯(Ross)308肉鸡各24只,采用完全随机试验设计,每个品种试验鸡12个重复,每个重复2只鸡。每种试验鸡在不同鸡舍内饲养,饲喂满足各自营养需要的全价饲粮,预试期7 d,正试期27 d。正式试验分3期完成,每期9 d,每期从每种试验鸡中随机选择8只,称重后每2只放入1个呼吸测热装置的代谢室内,每4个代谢室对应1种鸡。代谢室内测定气体交换9 d,其中适应期3 d、呼吸测热3 d、绝食测热3 d。结果表明:海兰褐蛋鸡和吉林芦花鸡的代谢体重产热量显著低于Ross 308肉鸡(P0.05)。吉林芦花鸡和Ross 308肉鸡的代谢体重绝食产热量显著高于海兰褐蛋鸡(P0.05)。3种鸡之间代谢体重热增耗、采食呼吸熵、绝食呼吸熵差异均不显著(P0.05)。本研究中,35周龄海兰褐蛋鸡、32周龄吉林芦花鸡、25～28日龄Ross308肉鸡的维持净能需要量分别为368.79、449.24、450.75 kJ/(kg BW0.75·d)。 相似文献
5.
利用"中型开放回流式呼吸测热装置",采用梯度饲养、消化代谢试验,结合生长代谢呼吸测热和绝食代谢呼吸测热试验,对育成期宁夏滩羊公羊的能量需要量和代谢规律进行了系统的研究.结果表明:①在(20±1)℃下滩羊公羊育成期绝食产热为203.49 kJ/(W0.75·d);同样温度环境条件下生长代谢畜体产热为369.53 kJ/(W0.75·d);能量平衡的结果表明,滩羊公羊在育成前期沉积蛋白质的能力高于后期,沉积体脂肪的能力后期高于前期.②通过绝食产热测得滩羊公羊育成期维持净能244.29 kJ/(W0.75·d),维持代谢能305.3 kJ/(W0.75·d),km=0.8.③热增耗HI=125.27 kJ/(W0.75·d).④滩羊公羊育成前期代谢能需要量MER=305.33 kJ/(W0.75·d)·d+618.4×△W0.136(△W,kg). 相似文献
6.
饲粮能量水平对青山羊能量代谢和产热量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲粮不同能量水平对青山羊能量代谢和产热量的影响。试验选取体型基本一致、健康的4~5岁龄青山羊公羊12只,随机分为3个处理,每个处理4只。试验采取单因素试验设计,3个处理饲粮消化能水平依次为8.91、9.79、10.62 MJ/kg,各组均限饲,且投料量一致。试验期预试期7 d,正试期3 d。结果表明:9.79 MJ/kg饲粮能量水平组能量表观消化率、代谢率、每天CO2排出量、O2消耗量、非蛋白质CO2排出量和非蛋白质O2消耗量都显著高于其他两组(P<0.05);9.79 MJ/kg能量水平组每天的总产热量和非蛋白质产热量显著高于其他两组(P<0.05);本试验同时求得青山羊公羊绝食代谢产热量的估测值为259.66 kJ/kgW0.75,维持代谢能需要量的估测值为450.82 kJ/kgW0.75。综合分析,9.79 MJ/kg为青山羊公羊较适宜的能量水平。 相似文献
7.
8.
选择舍饲东北细毛羊生长期公羊6只,按体重分为2组,第1组:(26.9±3.39)kg,第2组:(34.85±0.35)kg,应用开放式呼吸测热装置进行了绝食72～96h气体呼吸测热试验及消化代谢试验研究.结果表明:第1组和第2组的耗氧量为(8.89±0.59)和(9.53±3.44)L/W0.75·d;CO2生成量为(7.44±0.45)和(6.7±1.10)L/W0.75·d;绝食期间呼吸商为0.71h,0.67;粪氮排泄量为(0.17±0.06)和(0.14±0.08)g/W0.75,·d;尿氮排泄量为(0.42±0.11)和(0.24±0.11)g/W0.75·d. 相似文献
9.
本试验旨在研究饲喂水平对冬毛生长期北极狐能量、氮及气体代谢的影响。选取36只161日龄、平均体重为(7285±6)g的健康雄性北极狐,随机分成4组,每组9个重复,每个重复1只。各组北极狐饲喂相同的饲粮,但饲喂水平分别为自由采食(Ⅰ组)、自由采食量的80%(Ⅱ组)、自由采食量的60%(Ⅲ组)和自由采食量的40%(Ⅳ组)。试验共分6期完成,每个饲喂水平进行3期,每期选取6只北极狐随机放到6个呼吸代谢室中,每个呼吸代谢室中放入1只北极狐。采用狐用呼吸测热装置完成消化代谢试验、呼吸测热试验和绝食代谢试验。试验从2017年10月2日开始至2017年12月14日结束。结果显示:1)随着饲喂水平的降低,摄入总能(GEI)、粪能(FE)、尿能(UE)、消化能(DE)、代谢能(ME)和净能(NE)均极显著降低(P<0.01),总能消化率(DE/GE)和总能代谢率(ME/GE)未发生显著变化(P>0.05),但消化能转化成代谢能的效率(ME/DE)和代谢能转化成净能的效率(NE/ME)显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);此外,饲粮净能摄入(NEI)显著降低(P<0.05),而饲粮消化能摄入(DEI)和代谢能摄入(MEI)无显著变化(P>0.05)。2)随着饲喂水平的降低,摄入氮(NI)、粪氮(FN)、尿氮(UN)、沉积氮(RN)、RN/NI和RN/消化氮(DN)均显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),而氮表观消化率未受饲喂水平的显著影响(P>0.05)。3)在呼吸测热试验中,Ⅲ组的呼吸商(RQ)极显著高于其他3组(P<0.01),Ⅱ组的O 2消耗量(VO 2)和CO 2产生量(VCO 2)显著高于其他3组(P<0.05);在绝食代谢试验中,饲喂水平对RQ、VO 2和VCO 2无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此得出,在本试验条件下,限饲显著降低了冬毛生长期北极狐各种有效能的摄入与利用及DE和ME的转化效率、氮的摄入与沉积;同时,适量限饲未显著降低冬毛生长期北极狐对氮的利用,且提高了营养物质氧化代谢的程度,增加了O 2消耗和CO 2排出;通过建立RN与NI的回归方程,推算冬毛生长期北极狐的维持净氮和净蛋白质需要量分别为676.3 mg/(kg BW 0.75·d)和4.227 g/(kg BW 0.75·d)。 相似文献
10.
饲粮能量水平对泌乳期崂山奶山羊生产性能及能量利用效率的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在采用饲养试验、消化代谢试验研究泌乳期崂山奶山羊的能量需要量。选用体重[(53.80±1.62)kg]、产奶量[(1.80±0.19)kg/d]、体况相近并处于泌乳期的2胎健康崂山奶山羊30只,采用单因素随机分组设计,随机分成3组,每组10只,每只羊为1个重复。分别饲喂钙、磷和粗蛋白质水平一致,消化能水平为9.71、10.80及11.61 MJ/kg的3种试验饲粮。进行为期70 d的饲养试验(前10 d为预试期);饲养试验结束后,每组选择3只羊进行为期17 d的消化代谢试验(前10 d为预试期)。结果表明,1)试验期3组试羊随着饲粮能量水平的提高,总能消化率依次提高,9.71 MJ/kg组试羊的消化能代谢率及甲烷能显著低于10.80及11.61 MJ/kg组(P0.05),3组试羊的总能、粪能及尿能间无显著差异(P0.05);2)泌乳期崂山奶山羊消化能和代谢能需要量与代谢体重、平均日增重和产奶量关系的回归公式:DE(MJ/d)=0.487W0.75+0.354ADG+6.120M(P=0.028,R2=0.870);ME(M J/d)=0.394W0.75+0.312ADG+5.281M(P=0.031,R2=0.873)(DE为消化能,W0.75为代谢体重,ADG为平均日增重,M为产奶量,ME为代谢能)。本试验成功建立了泌乳期崂山奶山羊消化能和代谢能需要量模型。 相似文献
11.
本试验旨在实测菜籽粕的肉鸭净能(NE),并通过相关、回归分析建立菜籽粕NE与其常规组分之间的回归模型。试验采用析因法将菜籽粕的NE剖分为其提供给肉鸭的维持净能(NEm)和沉积净能(NEp),NEm用肉鸭禁食产热(FHP)来估计,NEp用比较屠宰法测定。选用760只7日龄、平均体重为(130.48±3.01)g的樱桃谷肉鸭进行试验:首先选择100只肉鸭进行NEm评定试验,设自由采食、限饲15%、限饲25%、限饲35%和限饲45%共5个处理,建立产热(HP)和食入代谢能(MEI)的回归关系,外推到MEI为0时求得FHP;然后选择640只鸭进行NEp评定试验,试验前屠宰20只肉鸭测定初始体能量作为起始对照,设基础饲粮组和菜籽粕替代基础饲粮组31个处理,所有处理均设5个重复,每个重复4只肉鸭,15日龄时将肉鸭全部屠宰测定体能量;最后将菜籽粕NE与其常规组分进行相关、回归分析并建立预测模型。结果表明:1)樱桃谷肉鸭的NEm为0.557 MJ/(kg W0.75·d)。2)31种不同菜籽粕的NE有较大差异,经套算法得到菜籽粕的NE为4.18~6.05 MJ/kg DM,NE/表观代谢能(AME)为0.56±0.06。3)菜籽粕NE与其常规组分高度相关,多元线性逐步回归建立的回归模型如下:NE=0.416 AME+0.041 CP-0.020 NDF+0.110 CF-1.093(R2=0.901,RSD=0.06,P0.01),式中:CP为粗蛋白质,NDF为中性洗涤纤维,CF为粗纤维。由此可见,不同来源的菜籽粕的常规组分和肉鸭NE有较大差异,菜籽粕NE与其常规组分高度相关,并具有回归关系。 相似文献
12.
本研究旨在评定棉籽粕在英系北京鸭上的净能(NE),并运用棉籽粕的表观代谢能(AME)和常规成分建立其预测方程。根据析因法将棉籽粕替代饲粮的NE剖分为维持净能(NEm)和生产净能(NEp),利用回归法测定NEm,比较屠宰法测定NEp,再套算得到棉籽粕的NE。选取400只7日龄的英系北京鸭进行动物试验。首先选取20只肉鸭在试验开始时挫颈致死,测定其体能量作为测定NEm和NEp的共同初始能量对照;再选取50只肉鸭用于NEm的测定,NEm用禁食产热(FHP)估计,共设5个组(每组5个重复,每个重复2只),分别为自由采食组及限饲15%、25%、35%、45%组,均饲喂基础饲粮1;剩余的330只肉鸭用于NEp的测定,共设33个组(每组5个重复,每个重复2只),分别饲喂基础饲粮2和以不同棉籽粕替代15%基础饲粮2的试验饲粮。于14日龄时将所有的试鸭挫颈致死,测定所有试鸭的体能量。最后,将实测棉籽粕NE与AME和其常规成分进行相关分析和多元逐步线性回归分析建立棉籽粕NE的预测方程。结果显示:英系北京鸭的FHP为580.7 k J/(kg BW0.75·d),棉籽粕替代饲粮提供给肉鸭的NEm和NEp分别为(2.97±0.15)MJ/kg和(5.22±0.12)MJ/kg,棉籽粕替代饲粮提供给肉鸭的NE为(8.19±0.09)MJ/kg,计算得到的棉籽粕的NE和AME分别为(6.12±0.62)MJ/kg和(10.05±1.02)MJ/kg,AME转化为NE的效率为(60.97±2.04)%,使用AME和常规成分建立棉籽粕NE的最佳预测方程为NE=3.276+0.241AME+0.044CP-0.081ADF[决定系数(R2)=0.954,残余标准差(RSD)=0.13 M J/kg,P0.01],式中CP为粗蛋白质,ADF为酸性洗涤纤维。由以上结果可知:英系北京鸭棉籽粕的NE为(6.12±0.62)MJ/kg,分布范围为5.04~7.30 M J/kg,变异较大;运用AM E结合常规成分可以准确预测英系北京鸭棉籽粕的NE。 相似文献
13.
The effect of temperature (23 or 33 degrees C) and feeding level on components of energy balance was studied in seven groups of individually reared Piétrain x (Landrace x Large White) littermate piglets. Within each litter, one pig was reared at 23 degrees C and given a predefined feeding level close to ad libitum (23AL pigs), one was reared at 33 degrees C and also fed close to ad libitum (33AL), and one was reared at 23 degrees C and pair-fed to the 33AL pig (23PF). Piglets of one litter were acclimated during 2 to 4 wk to their experimental temperature in temperature-controlled rooms before being transferred (one per week) to a respiration chamber for measurement of nitrogen and energy balances. The average initial BW was 22.4 kg. The data on O2 consumption, CO2 production, and physical activity were collected over seven consecutive days and used to calculate total heat production (HPtot) and its components: fasting heat production (FHP), heat production due to physical activity (HPact), and thermic effect of feed (TEF). A preliminary trial was conducted in which heat production was measured in three piglets according to a Latin square design at 23, 25, and 27 degrees C. Total heat production was, but activity-free heat production was not, affected by temperature, and no firm conclusions could be drawn as to whether 23 degrees C was within the thermoneutral zone of fed piglets. In Trial 2, the combination of increased temperature and reduced feed intake resulted in a 20% lesser heat production in 33AL than in 23AL pigs. This was due to a reduction in both TEF (-39%) and FHP (0.642 vs 0.808 MJ x d(-1) x kg BW-0.60). Despite the shorter duration of standing activity, HPact was slightly higher at 33 degrees C, probably due to hyperventilation at this temperature. With similar feeding levels (23PF vs 33AL), HPtot and activity-free heat production were less at 33 degrees C and energy retention as protein (+6%) and fat (+31%) was increased. Because HPact was similar for both treatments, the greater energy retention for 33AL seemed to be due to a greater utilization of feed energy or to a reduced maintenance requirement (i.e., reduced FHP). However, the type of stress imposed on 23PF and 33AL pigs was different and may have affected energy metabolism. The results suggest that the reduction in heat production of piglets at high ambient temperatures is caused by a reduction in voluntary feed intake and differences in energetic efficiency. The mechanisms for the lesser efficiency at 23 degrees C compared to 33 degrees C (at the same level of feed intake) remain unclear. 相似文献
14.
Fasting heat production of Saanen and Anglo Nubian goats measured using open‐circuit facemask respirometry 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 M. H. M. da R. Fernandes A. R. C. Lima A. K. Almeida T. H. Borghi I. A. M. de A. Teixeira K. T. de Resende 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(1):15-21
This study aimed to establish the heat production (HP) of Saanen and Anglo Nubian goats at absorptive (feeding) and at post‐absorptive (fasting) statuses to determine the adequate period of fasting required for the measurement of basal metabolism. Gas exchange was recorded via open‐circuit facemask respirometry. Six non‐lactating and non‐pregnant goats of each breed, Saanen (49.2 ± 3.2 kg of body weight, BW) and Anglo Nubian (64.0 ± 3.0 kg BW), were placed in individual pens with ad libitum access to the same total mixed ration. After a 3‐day feeding period, the animals were subjected to fasting (no feed), and the gas exchange measurement was performed for 30 min at 0, 12, 20, 36, 44, 60 and 68 h after fasting. The daily HP of the Saanen and Anglo Nubian goats averaged 557.4 ± 38.7 and 357.1 ± 35.3 kJ/kg0.75 BW day respectively. During fasting, the methane production decreased exponentially in both breeds, and the critical time when methane production was statistically equal to zero was at 31 h of fasting for the Saanen goats and at 40 h for the Anglo Nubian goats. The daily HP and respiratory exchange rate during fasting decreased up to 60 h. Taken together, our results suggest that the ideal period to measure fasting heat production (FHP) for goats fed at maintenance levels should be between 40 h and 60 h of fasting. Consequently, the daily FHP, after 60 h of fasting, of Saanen and Anglo Nubian goats was 183.3 ± 16.3 and 211.1 ± 11.5 kJ/kg0.75 BW day respectively. The results presented herein are relevant for future studies of energy metabolism in goats. 相似文献
15.
用87只2～3岁的河北细毛羊母羊,对日粮不同代谢能(ME)、降解蛋白(RDP)和非降解蛋白(UDP)水平对妊娠后期母羊体重及羔羊初生重影响进行了研究。试验结果表明,河北细毛羊妊娠后期(100～150天)能量和蛋白质的适宜供给量分别是0.79MJME/kgW~(0.75)/d、7.02gRDP/kgW~(0.75)/d和2.32gUDP/kgW~(0.75)/d。这一营养水平可保证母羊体重适度增加。同时还发现母羊日粮能量及蛋白质水平对羔羊初生重无显著影响。 相似文献
16.
生长期秦川牛能量代谢规律与需要量研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在研究生长期秦川牛能量代谢规律与需要量。选择30头体况良好、体重[(336.33±18.28)kg]相近的生长期秦川牛公牛,随机分为5组,每组6头牛,分别饲喂按我国《肉牛饲养标准》(NY/T 815—2004)提供的预期平均日增重900 g/d所需净能的85.0%(Ⅰ组)、92.5%(Ⅱ组)、100.0%(Ⅲ组)、107.5%(Ⅳ组)、115.0%(Ⅴ组)配制的5种试验饲粮。采用饲养试验和消化代谢试验测定秦川牛生长性能及能量代谢指标,并建立消化能和代谢能需要量预测模型。预试期10 d,正试期42 d。结果表明,Ⅲ组秦川牛平均日增重为880.15 g/d,较预期的结果略低;Ⅳ组平均日增重达到最大值(1 160.10 g/d),能量利用效率最高;总能消化率、总能代谢率和消化能代谢率平均值分别为(76.44±3.23)%、(66.75±3.16)%、(87.31±0.54)%;秦川牛的消化能和代谢能需要量的回归方程分别为:DER=0.778W0.75+37.05ADG;MER=0.668W0.75+33.49ADG[DER为消化能需要量(M J/d),MER为代谢能需要量(M J/d),W0.75为单位代谢体重(kg),ADG为平均日增重(kg/d)]。综合得出,生长期秦川牛的维持消化能和代谢能需要量分别为0.778、0.668 MJ/(kg W0.75·d),每千克增重的消化能和代谢能需要量分别为37.05、33.49 M J。 相似文献
17.
空怀期陕北白绒山羊的能量需要量 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在研究空怀期陕北白绒山羊母羊对能量的适宜需要量。选择1.5岁陕北白绒山羊母羊24只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1只羊。控制各组试羊粗蛋白质摄入量一致(实测值为74.0 g/d),测得各组消化能摄入量分别为7.6、8.3、8.9和9.6 MJ/d,进行为期40 d的饲养试验(前10天为预试期);饲养试验结束后,每组选择3只羊进行为期7 d的消化代谢试验。结果表明:空怀母羊对4种饲粮总能的消化率和代谢率分别为(65.3±3.23)%和(54.7±3.16)%。空怀期母羊平均日增重随能量摄入量增加呈线性增长。空怀母羊消化能和代谢能需要量分别为DE(MJ/d)=0.507 0W0.75+0.026 3 ADG和ME(MJ/d)=0.413 0W0.75+0.024 5 ADG(式中DE为消化能,W0.75为代谢体重,ADG为平均日增重,ME为代谢能)。综合得出,空怀期陕北白绒山羊饲粮中消化能和代谢能分别以9.17～10.14 MJ/kg和7.70～8.60 MJ/kg(风干基础)较为适宜。 相似文献
18.
19.
日粮中不同代谢能、降解蛋白和非降解蛋白水平对泌乳前期细毛羊生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用87只2～3岁的河北细毛羊进行了粗蛋白水平为10.6％～22.2％;代谢能为11.05～11.98MJ/kg;降解蛋白(RDP/CP)为77.1％～87.6％和不同非降解蛋白(UDP)为44.91～57.94g/日/只等4个水平对泌乳前期母羊体重、泌乳力及羔羊生长发育影响的研究,同时探讨了羔羊日吮乳量与羔羊平均日增重的关系。试验结果表明,河北细毛羊泌乳前期(1～50天)ME、RDP和UDP的适宜供给量分别为1.02MJ/kgW~(0.75)/d、9.20g/kgW~(0.75)/d和3.08g/kgW~(0.75)/d。羔羊平均日吮乳量(X)与日增重(Y)的关系为Y=0.0072+0.2536X(r=0.5201,P<0.01)。在低营养水平饲养条件下,适当给母羊增加降解氮食入量,可提高增重和泌乳量。 相似文献
20.
Guangsheng QIN Caixia ZOU Chunying PANG Bingzhuan YANG Xianwei LIANG Jianxin LIU Zhongsheng XIA Qiuyan WEN Tianhai YAN 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(6):735-740
The objectives of the present study were to evaluate fasting metabolism (FM) of water buffalo (Bubalus, Bubalis) at three stages of growth (12, 18 and 24 months) in Guangxi, China. Five female water buffalo were used for each age group and their live weight was on average 254, 326 and 338 kg, respectively. All animals were of average body condition, healthy and de‐wormed before start of the study. Prior to a 6‐day fasting period, buffalo were offered a mixed diet of forage and concentrates (70% and 30%, dry matter basis) on a restricted nutritional level (419 kJ/kg0.75 of metabolizable energy, ME) for 15 days. Gas exchanges for each animal were determined for 3 days from day 4 of starvation, using open‐circuit respiratory head hoods. Fasting body weight was 0.918 of live weight (P < 0.001, r2 = 0.99). Both fasting heat production (FHP) and FM (MJ/day) increased significantly with increased age of animals (P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis indicated a positive relationship between fasting body weight (kg0.75) and FHP (MJ/day, P < 0.01, r2 = 0.49) or FM (MJ/day P < 0.01, r2 = 0.52) when using individual animal data across three groups. However, when expressed as kJ/kg0.75 of fasting body weight, the differences in FHP or FM between three groups of animals were not significant. The present average FHP and FM (322 and 347 kJ/kg0.75 of fasting body weight) were compatible to those published in the literature for water buffalo, beef and dairy cattle. The present FM data were also used to estimate net energy (NEm) and ME (MEm) requirements for maintenance for water buffalo. The results for these two parameters were similar to those for FHP and FM. There was no significant difference between three groups of buffalo in NEm or MEm when expressed as kJ/kg0.75 of live weight. The present average NEm and MEm values (347 and 506 kJ/kg0.75 of live weight) are close to those proposed by the Agricultural and Food Research Council adopted in UK for beef and dairy cattle. The results indicate that the present FM data can be used as a basis for rationing water buffalo in China. 相似文献