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紫花苜蓿幼苗耐盐性的近红外光谱鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
紫花苜蓿幼苗耐盐性快速鉴定对于耐盐种质资源筛选和耐盐新品种选育具有重要意义。脯氨酸和丙二醛是表征植物耐盐性的两种重要生化指标。研究应用便携式近红外仪和近红外光谱分析技术,结合偏最小二乘回归法,研究了40个不同紫花苜蓿品种幼苗耐盐性的脯氨酸和丙二醛含量,建立了新鲜样品和干燥样品的近红外漫反射光谱定量分析模型。研究结果表明：脯氨酸、丙二醛的近红外漫反射光谱分析效果均较好,校正模型决定系数R2 和验证集样品预测值与常规分析测定值的验证决定系数r2都大于0.85,两种样品脯氨酸的相对分析误差RPD值分别为1.72 相似文献
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近红外光谱和机器视觉信息融合的土壤含水率检测 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为了精确、快速和稳定测定土壤含水率以及扩大所建模型的适应性,该文提出了机器视觉与近红外光谱技术融合的土壤含水率分析方法。通过试验建立了湖北地区主要土壤基于近红外光谱的土壤含水率分析模型、基于土壤表层图像特征参数的含水率分析模型和机器视觉与近红外光谱信息融合的土壤含水率分析模型。结果表明,基于近红外光谱含水率分析模型虽然具有较高的精度,但该模型预测非建模样品黄绵土误差均大于4%;以图像特征参数H,S和V所建BP人工神经网络非线性预测模型最优,模型的决定系数R2为0.9849,但当土壤水分饱和（达到20%以上）时存在分析误差;而所建立的土壤的近红外光谱与机器视觉BP神经网络信息融合模型可预测非建模样品黄绵土与水分饱和达20%以上土壤,决定系数R2可达到0.9961,融合模型分析精度均高于单独使用近红外光谱或机器视觉分析模型。 相似文献
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近红外光谱法预测羊肉化学成分的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对3个品种、3个部位的106个羊肉样品进行近红外光谱扫描,并测定其蛋白质、水分、脂肪含量,采用Unscrambler软件建立基于偏最小二乘法的近红外光谱预测模型。结果显示:样品水分含量近红外光谱校正决定系数为0.94,验证决定系数是0.86;蛋白质含量近红外光谱预测模型的校正决定系数为0.90,验证决定系数为0.72;脂肪含量近红外光谱校正决定系数0.81,验证决定系数0.64,由此可知近红外光谱用于羊肉品质检测具有可行性。本研究为羊肉化学成分的快速检测提供了基础。 相似文献
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应用FT-IR光谱指纹分析和模式识别技术溯源茶叶产地的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
利用近红外光谱分析技术,对28份茶样品进行主成分和聚类分析。结果表明,浙江省龙井绿茶近红外原始光谱谱图差异较大,而不同产地龙井绿茶原始光谱间差异不甚明显。对原始光谱数学处理后对其进行主成份分析,发现在主成分空间内第1主成分得分绝大部分为正,继而对不同产地的样品进行主成分分析,西湖龙井有比较明显的主成分特征,区别于浙江龙井;"西湖龙井"主成份空间分布的离散度大于浙江各市县龙井的变异。对龙井绿茶样品进行聚类分析,得出相同产地的绿茶样品可聚为一类。初步表明应用近红外光谱分析技术可准确、快速、低廉地追溯茶叶的产地。 相似文献
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NIRS分析技术在农业中的应用进展 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
近红外光谱分析技术是一种间接测量技术。它是应用化学计量学方法建立校正模型，从而实现对未知样品的定性或者定量分析,已经在很多领域得到应用。该文论述了近红外光谱分析技术的分析步骤及其技术特点，以及近年来在国内农产品品质分析、食品分析、饲料工业分析、土壤分析、农产品在线快速检测分析等农业领域中的应用研究现状，并分析该技术在应用中存在的主要问题和相应的解决方案。同时指出了未来几年国内关于近红外光谱仪器硬件的开发及其化学计量学方法和模型优化方面的进一步探索，将成为国内未来几年近红外光谱技术研究的热点。 相似文献
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近红外光谱检测技术是现代无损检测技术的主要发展方向。本试验应用波长范围为643.26~985.11nm的Purespect近红外透射光谱仪,采用二阶导数法对光谱进行预处理,并采用偏最小二乘法分别建立了大、中、小3个不同尺寸等级, 0℃、 8℃、 16℃、 24℃4个不同样品温度, 15、 75、 135、 195 d 4个不同贮藏期样品可溶性固形物含量的独立模型和混合模型,并对模型的预测能力进行比较分析。结果表明,独立模型试用范围较窄,但准确度高;混合模型扩大了校正集样品化学成分含量的范围,提高了模型的适用范围,不同影响因素条件下混合模型对于混合验证集样品的预测相关系数均>0.85,优于独立模型,能满足实际生产要求。 相似文献
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基于近红外光谱的未知类别样品聚类方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在近红外光谱分析中,针对大量样品参与建模时,需将样品集进行分类,以减少样品光谱变异范围,提高近红外模型的预测准确度。本文以来自中国各地的222份小麦样品为例,在未知样品组分含量和类别归属的前提下,结合样品的近红外光谱信息,采用基于试探的未知类别的样品聚类方法（最邻近规则法和最大最小距离算法）对样品集分类。其中,最邻近规则法在阈值T为1.9时,最大最小距离算法在阈值为样品间的最大距离的1/2时,分类建模指标均优于未分类所建模型。从分类实现过程和结果可以看出：基于试探的未知类别的样品聚类方法中无需多次训练,且对未知类别的样品集无需事先确定分类数目,但需要确定分类阈值,阈值不同,则分类结果会随之改变。研究为近红外建模过程中未知类别样品的分类提供了一种参考方法。 相似文献
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Verification of silage type using near-infrared spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Cozzolino D Fassio A Restaino E Fernandez E La Manna A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(1):79-83
The ability to authenticate the feed given to animals has become a major challenge in animal production, where the diet fed to the animal is one of the most important production factors affecting the composition of milk and meat from cattle, sheep, and goats. Hence, there is currently an increased consumer demand for information on herbivore production factors and particularly the animal diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy as a tool to verify and authenticate the type of silage used as fed for ruminants. Grain silage (GrS, n = 94), grass and legume silage (GLegS, n = 121), and sunflower silage (SunS, n = 50) samples were collected from commercial farms and analyzed in the visible and NIR regions (400-2500 nm) in a monochromator instrument in reflectance. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS1-DA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) models were used as methods to verify the different silage types. The classification models based on the NIR data correctly classified more than 90% of the silage samples according to their type. The results from this study showed that NIR spectra combined with multivariate analysis could be used as a tool to objectively authenticate silage samples used as a feed for ruminants. 相似文献
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Quantifying moisture and roughness with Support Vector Machines improves spectroscopic soil organic carbon prediction 
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下载免费PDF全文 Christoph Römer Andrei Rodionov Jan Behmann Stefan Pätzold Gerhard Welp Lutz Plümer 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2014,177(6):845-847
The challenges of Vis‐NIR spectroscopy are permanent soil surface variations of moisture and roughness. Both disturbance factors reduce the prediction accuracy of soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly. For improved SOC prediction, both disturbance effects have to be determined from Vis‐NIR spectra, which is especially challenging for roughness. Thus, an approach for roughness quantification under varying moisture and its impact on SOC assessment using Support Vector Machines is presented here. 相似文献
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Chandra B. Singh Digvir S. Jayas Jitendra Paliwal Noel D. G. White 《Cereal Chemistry》2009,86(3):256-260
Sprout damage which results in poor breadmaking quality due to enzymatic activity of α‐amylase is one of the important grading factors of wheat in Canada. Potential of near‐infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging was investigated to detect sprouting of wheat kernels. Artificially sprouted, midge‐damaged, and healthy wheat kernels were scanned using NIR hyperspectral imaging system in the range of 1000–1600 nm at 60 evenly distributed wavelengths. Multivariate image analysis (MVI) technique based on principal components analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the hyperspectral data. Three wavelengths 1101.7, 1132.2, and 1305.1 nm were identified as significant and used in analysis. Statistical discriminant classifiers (linear, quadratic, and Mahalanobis) were used to classify sprouted, midge‐damaged, and healthy wheat kernels. The discriminant classifiers gave maximum accuracy of 98.3 and 100% for classifying healthy and damaged kernels, respectively. 相似文献
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Protein content of wheat by near‐infrared (NIR) reflectance of bulk samples is routinely practiced. New instrumentation that permits automated NIR analysis of individual kernels is now available, with the potential for rapid NIR‐based determinations of color, disease, and protein content, all on a single kernel (sk) basis. In the event that the protein content of the bulk sample is needed rather than that of the individual kernels, the present study examines the feasibility of estimating bulk sample protein from sk spectral readings. On the basis of 318 wheat samples of 10 kernels per sample, encompassing five U.S. wheat classes, the study demonstrates that with as few as 300 kernels bulk sample protein content may be estimated by sk NIR reflectance spectra at an accuracy equivalent to conventional bulk kernel NIR instrumentation. 相似文献
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为探索NIR光谱技术在水稻种子蛋白质含量分析中的应用,本研究细致分析了单粒稻种在不同光谱采集方式下的近红外光谱(NIRS)特征,并利用离子束诱变育种得到的水稻9311突变体库的种子,建立准确性较好的单粒糙米和单粒稻种的蛋白质定量模型。结果表明,与漫反射光谱采集方式下的单粒糙米蛋白质模型相比,透反射和透射光谱采集方式下能得到相关性较好的糙米蛋白质模型,其中单粒糙米蛋白质最优定量模型的决定系数(R2)为0.97,预测均方根误差(RMSEP)为0.27%。在单粒稻种中,由于种壳的反射作用,漫反射光谱采集方式下依然无法建立准确性高的蛋白质模型,透反射光谱采集方式下能够建立具有一定预测能力的蛋白质定量模型(RMSEP=0.81%),透射光谱采集方式下能够建立准确性高的蛋白质定量模型(R2=0.96,RMSEP=0.24%)。本研究结果为无损快速分析单粒稻种提供了一种解决方法。 相似文献
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基于组合滤波的鱼油二十碳五烯酸含量近红外光谱检测 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了提高鱼油二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)含量的测定精度,该研究将经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)和数学形态学滤波相结合的近红外光谱去噪方法应用于鱼油的一阶导数光谱预处理中,给出了方法的原理和步骤,评估了该方法的去噪效果。运用偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)建立了鱼油EPA近红外光谱的预测模型,用处理后的光谱计算了鱼油中EPA的含量,并与九点平滑和小波变换方法的处理结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:与传统的九点平滑处理结果相比,信噪比(signal to noise ratio,SNR)从14 d B左右提高到35 d B左右,原始信号与消噪信号之间的标准差由0.005 71降到0.002 26;预测集的决定系数由0.959 3提高到0.987 9,预测均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)由0.060 1降为0.031 2。证明了组合的EMD和数学形态学滤波方法在光谱处理过程中的可靠性,提高了鱼油EPA含量近红外光谱的定量分析精度。 相似文献
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Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy was investigated as a method for prediction of total dietary fiber (TDF) in mixed meals. Meals were prepared for spectral analysis by homogenization only (HO), homogenization and drying (HD), and homogenization, drying, and defatting (HDF). The NIR spectra (400-2498 nm) were obtained with a dispersive NIR spectrometer. Total dietary fiber was determined in HDF samples by an enzymatic-gravimetric assay (AOAC 991.43), and values were calculated for HD and HO samples. Using multivariate analysis software and optimum processing, partial least squares models (n = 114) were developed to relate NIR spectra to the corresponding TDF values. The HO, HD, and HDF models predicted TDF in independent validation samples (n = 37) with a standard error of performance of 0.93% (range 0.7-8.4%), 1.90% (range 2.2-18.9%), and 1.45% (range 2.8-23.3%) and r(2) values of 0.89, 0.92, and 0.97, respectively. Compared with traditional analysis of TDF in mixed meals, which takes 4 days, NIR spectroscopy provides a faster method for screening samples for TDF. The accuracy of prediction was greatest for the HDF model followed by the HD model. 相似文献
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Visible/near-infrared (vis/NIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis was used to quantify chlorophyll content in tomato leaves and classify tomato leaves with different genes. In this study, transgenic tomato leaves with antisense LeETR1 (n = 106) and their parent nontransgenic ones (n = 102) were measured in vis/NIR diffuse reflectance mode. Quantification of chlorophyll content was achieved by partial least-squares regression with a cross-validation prediction error equal to 2.87. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis was performed to classify leaves. The results show that differences between transgenic and nontransgenic tomato leaves do exist, and excellent classification can be obtained after optimizing spectral pretreatment. The classification accuracy can reach to 100% using the derivative of spectral data in the full and partial wavenumber range. These results demonstrate that vis/NIR spectroscopy together with chemometrics techniques could be used to quantify chlorophyll content and differentiate tomato leaves with different genes, which offers the benefit of avoiding time-consuming, costly, and laborious chemical and sensory analysis. 相似文献
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Stefanie Heinze Michael Vohland Rainer Georg Joergensen Bernard Ludwig 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2013,176(4):520-528
The prediction accuracy of visible and near‐infrared (Vis‐NIR) spectroscopy for soil chemical and biological parameters has been variable and the reasons for this are not completely understood. Objectives were (1) to explore the predictability of a series of chemical and biological properties for three different soil populations and—based on these heterogeneous data sets—(2) to analyze possible predictive mechanisms statistically. A number of 422 samples from three arable soils in Germany (a sandy Haplic Cambisol and two silty Haplic Luvisols) of different long‐term experiments were sampled, their chemical and biological properties determined and their reflectance spectra in the Vis‐NIR region recorded after shock‐freezing followed by freeze‐drying. Cross‐validation was carried out for the entire population as well as for each population from the respective sites. For the entire population, excellent prediction accuracies were found for the contents of soil organic C (SOC) and total P. The contents of total N and microbial biomass C and pH were predicted with good accuracy. However, prediction accuracy for the other properties was less: content of total S was predicted approximately quantitatively, whereas Vis‐NIR spectroscopy could only differentiate between high and low values for the contents of microbial N, ergosterol, and the ratio of ergosterol to microbial biomass C. Contents of microbial biomass P and S, basal respiration, and qCO2 could not be predicted. Prediction accuracies were greatest for the entire population and the Luvisol at Garte, followed by the Luvisol at Hohes Feld, whereas the accuracy for the sandy Cambisol was poor. The poor accuracy for the sandy Cambisol may have been due to only smaller correlations between the measured properties and the SOC content compared to the Luvisols or due to a general poor prediction performance for sandy soils. Another reason for the poor accuracy may have been the smaller range of contents in the sandy soil. Overall, the data indicated that the accuracy of predictions of soil properties depends largely on the population investigated. For the entire population, the usefulness of Vis‐NIR for the number of chemical and biological soil properties was evident by markedly greater correlation coefficients (measured against Vis‐NIR predicted) compared to the Pearson correlation coefficients of the measured properties against the SOC content. However, the cross‐validation results are valid only for the closed population used in this study. 相似文献
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Near-infrared (NIR) spectrometry and electronic nose (EN) data were used for on-line monitoring of yogurt and filmj?lk (a Swedish yogurt-like sour milk) fermentations under industrial conditions. The NIR and EN signals were selected by evaluation of principal component analysis loading vectors and further analyzed by studying the variability of the selected principal components. First principal components for the NIR and the EN signals were used for on-line generation of a process trajectory plot visualizing the actual state of fermentation. The NIR signals were also used to set up empirical partial least-squares (PLS) models for prediction of the cultures' pH and titratable acidity (expressed as Thorner degrees, degrees T). By using five or six PLS factors the models yielded acceptable predictions that could be further improved by increasing the number of reliable and precise calibration data. The presented results demonstrate that the fusion of the NIR and EN signals has a potential for rapid on-line monitoring and assessment of process quality of yogurt fermentation. 相似文献