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1.
选择45日龄太行山兔100只,研究在含硫氨基酸水平不同的日粮中添加硫酸钠对营养物质利用率的影响。结果在含硫氨基酸达到需要量80%~96%的日粮中添加0.2%~0.4%的硫酸钠,能明显提高氮的利用率,同时对提高干物质和有机物质的消化率也有作用,但未达显著水平(P>0.05)。其中以含硫氨基酸为需要量的96%时添加0.2%硫酸钠效果最佳。摄入氮和可消化氮的沉积率分别提高19.80%和18.79%(P<0.01)。结果表明:在含硫氨基酸不足的a粮中添加适量的硫酸钠,可以提高氮及其它营养物质的利用率,从而促进生长。  相似文献   

2.
肉兔日粮中添加硫酸钠对营养物质利用率影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
选择45日龄太行山兔100只,研究在合硫氨基酸水平不同的日粮中添加硫酸钠对营养物质利用率的影响。结果在含硫氨基酸达到需要量80%~96%的日粮中添加0.2%~0.4%的硫酸钠,能明显提高氮利用率,同时对提高干物质和有机物质的消化率也有作用,但未达显著水平(P>0.05)。其中以含硫氨基酸为需要的96%时添加0.2%硫酸钠效果最佳。摄入氮和可消化氮的沉积率分别提高19.80%和18.79%(P<0.  相似文献   

3.
选择45日龄的太行山兔100只,研究在含硫氨基酸不同的日粮中添加硫酸钠对血液生化指标及肝中糖元、矿物质元素的沉积的影响。结果日粮中添加0.2%~0.4%硫酸钠,对血清尿素N、血清蛋白相对含量、各内脏器官形态与重量、肝中肝糖元含量及矿物质元素的沉积未产生明显的影响。血清尿素N、血清白蛋白及肝糖元含量的变化趋势表明:在含硫氨基酸达到需要80%~96%的日粮中添加0.2%~0.4%硫酸钠,能使体内蛋白质合成代谢增强,从而促进肉兔生长。  相似文献   

4.
在生长獭兔日粮中添加尿素的试验研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
选用生长獭兔27只,随机分为3组,分别饲喂加入0%、1.0%和2.0%尿素的日粮,研究对试兔增重、饲料转化率、屠宰率及肉和毛皮品质的影响。试验结果表明:10%、20%尿素组的试兔增重分别比对照组提高2.83~9.21%,随尿素添加量的增加,每天每只兔的采食量稍增加,蛋白效率比以1.0%尿素组最好。日粮中添加1.0%、2.0%的尿素对生长獭兔的屠宰率、肉及毛皮质量均无不良影响,1.0%尿素组的单位增重成本比对照组降低1.19%。因此,生长獭兔日粮中添加1.0%尿素是可行的  相似文献   

5.
尼罗罗非鱼的胆碱需要量   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
为测定尼罗罗非鱼的胆碱需要量进行了两次试验。基础饲料含粗蛋白32 %,其中10.1 %为酪朊和凝胶,21.9 %为晶体氨基酸混合物;饲料中含硫氨基酸总含量0.28 g/100 g,蛋氨酸与胱氨酸之比为89 ∶11。试验饲料在基础饲料中分别添加蛋氨酸0.28、0.50、0.75、1.0 g/100 g,蛋氨酸与胱氨酸之比分别为89:11、94∶6、96∶4、97∶3,每种饲料分别添加胆碱0~1 g。测出鱼体增重、饲料效率和血清蛋氨酸浓度受饲料含硫氨基酸含量影响显著,适宜需要量为0.5 g/100 …  相似文献   

6.
一些国家及我国的实践证明,不用鱼粉也同样使畜禽获得与使用鱼粉相似的生产效果。下面简述几种鱼粉代替物及其用法供参考。1 用蛋氨酸、赖氨酸代替鱼粉 据上海饲料公司报道,在蛋鸡饲料中不加鱼粉而添加0.15%~0.2%的蛋氨酸,饲料中的蛋白质含量可达16.5%~17%。该公司又在肉鸡日粮中添加0.1%~0.2%的蛋氨酸,代替鱼粉用量10%的试验,获得相同的增重效果,降低单位饲养成本26%,提高经济效益35%。北京饲料研究所在蛋鸡日粮中添加0.1%的赖氨酸,获得与用10%鱼粉、16%粗蛋白日粮的相似效果。2…  相似文献   

7.
在长毛兔生产中,因地制宜地采取一些适当的催毛方法,能显著提高兔毛产量,提高经济效益。1.补喂氨基酸。兔毛中的含硫氨基酸含量高达15%左右,在长毛兔日粮中添加蛋氨酸0.1%-0.3%,使含硫氨基酸含量达到0.6%-0.8%,则可使产毛量提高15%-27%。每只成年兔每天在饲料中添加胱氨酸2克,连续补喂20天,然后停喂3天,再进行第2周期补喂。如此补喂2个周期,兔毛产量可提高40%,且毛长,富有光泽。2.添加维生素。长毛兔剪毛后1-2天,每天每兔肌注维生素B12250微克,连用2-3天,或内服复合维…  相似文献   

8.
将400只刚出壳的艾维茵商品代肉仔鸡随机分为试验组和对照组。对照组按总氨基酸需要量配制日粮,试验组按可消化氨基酸需要量配制日粮。试验组鸡 1~21日龄、 22~ 49日龄蛋白水平分别比对照组低1%和1.5%。试验结果表明,两组鸡的增重和饲料报酬接近,但试验组鸡腹水症的发病率及死亡率均明显低于对照组,且试验组的日粮每吨较对照组便宜85~96元。因而,试验组每只鸡多获毛利为0.43元,经济效益提高13.82%,同时,试验组舍内氨含量也较对照组鸡舍内低,环境得到了改善。根据可消化氨基酸需要量配制肉仔鸡日…  相似文献   

9.
选用生长獭兔27只,随机分为3组,分别饲喂加入0%、10%和20%鸡粪的日粮,研究对试兔增重、饲料转化率、屠宰率及肉与毛皮品质的影响。结果表明:日粮中添加10%和20%的鸡粪,增重比对照组提高16.57%和12.04%;随鸡粪添加量的增加,饲料消耗有增加的趋势,但差异不显著;添加鸡粪对饲料利用率(每克增重耗料)和蛋白利用率(蛋白效率化)无显著影响;对试兔的屠宰率和肉质亦无不良影响,有的肉质指标如熟肉率和嫩度反而显著优于对照组;添加鸡粪对毛皮品质无显著不良影响,不影响毛皮等级;添加10%和20%鸡粪组的单位增重成本分别比对照组降低8.35%和10.20%,经济效益显著。因此,在生长獭兔日粮中添加10%~20%鸡粪是可行的  相似文献   

10.
产蛋种鸡蛋氨酸需要量的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本试验研究了北京红鸡父母代产蛋种鸡21~45周龄真可利用蛋氨酸的需要量。试验日粮为玉米—豆粕型。3个基础日粮的粗蛋白水平分别为14.5%、16.5%和18.5%,蛋氨酸水平分别为0.21%、0.24%和0.29%。每个基础日粮添加4个蛋氨酸水平:0、0.05%、0.15%和0.30%。其它氨基酸含量都满足NRC推荐需要量,且随粗蛋白水平升高而按比例增加。日粮含表观代谢能均为11.29MJ/kg。共设有12个试验处理,每个处理有8个重复,每个重复有22只父母代产蛋母鸡。北京红鸡父母代种鸡21~45周龄,平均产蛋率是76%时,在14.5%、16.5%和18.5%3个粗蛋白水平下,用产蛋率指标确定的每日每只鸡总蛋氨酸的需要量分别是317mg、348mg和414mg;真可利用蛋氨酸的需要量分别是280mg、308mg和366mg;总含硫氨基酸的需要量分别是610mg、626mg和791mg;真可利用含硫氨基酸需要量分别是537mg、573mg和672mg。试验鸡的生产性能没有由于提高日粮粗蛋白水平而得到显著改善。添加蛋氨酸可以显著改善种鸡的生产性能。饲喂添加比例合适的蛋氨酸和赖氨酸、含粗蛋白14.5%的蛋鸡日粮,可  相似文献   

11.
甜菜碱促进猪生长的机理   总被引:15,自引:5,他引:10  
96 头“杜长大”生长猪按饲养试验要求分成 4 组(每组 3 个重复),分别饲 以添加 0、1 000、1 500、2 000 m g/kg甜菜碱的基础日粮,试验期 62 d。结果表明,1 000 m g/kg 剂量组试验猪生长性能最佳,日增重较对照组提高了 1320% ( P < 001), 料重比降低了 793% ( P < 001)。该组猪血清 G H、 I G F I、 T3 、 T4 水平分别升高了 10176% ( P< 001), 4475% ( P < 001), 2653% ( P< 001) 和 1683% ( P< 005); 血清游离丝氨酸含量提高了 1428% ( P < 005); 血清总蛋白上升了 2169% ( P < 001), 血清尿素氮含量降低 了 4767% ( P < 001); 背最 长肌 和 肝脏 中 R N A 含量 及 背最 长肌 R N A/ D N A 比 率分 别升 高了1260% ( P < 005), 1780% ( P < 002) 和 1979% ( P < 002); 肝脏 和腺 垂体 c A M P 含 量提 高了4753% ( P < 001) 和 6521% ( P < 001)。研究结果提示,甜菜碱似作用  相似文献   

12.
本试验以低胆碱、低蛋氨酸饲粮为基础饲粮,通过两因子二次回归正交旋转组合设计,旨在研究1~21日龄肉仔鸡胆碱和蛋氨酸的最佳需要量.试验选用1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡480只,随机分为12个组,其中1~8组为试验组,9~12组为中心组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡,公母各占1/2.分别以胆碱和蛋氨酸为自变量,以反映肉仔鸡生长性能和屠宰性能的各项指标为因变量拟合回归方程,估计1~21日龄肉仔鸡胆碱和蛋氨酸需要量.试验期21d.结果表明:一定水平的胆碱和蛋氨酸可显著改善1~21日龄肉仔鸡的平均日增重、料重比、屠宰率和腹脂率.从响应面图可以看出,当蛋氨酸水平为0.50%~0.70%时,随着胆碱水平的降低,肉仔鸡平均日增重逐渐降低;当蛋氨酸水平为0.42%~0.50%,胆碱水平为1300~1738 mg/kg时,肉仔鸡的料重比达到最低;蛋氨酸水平为0.50%~0.70%时,屠宰率随着蛋氨酸水平的升高而下降,蛋氨酸为0.36%~0.50%时,随着胆碱水平的升高,屠宰率呈上升趋势;随着胆碱水平的升高,腹脂率逐渐降低,当胆碱水平为1300 ~1920 mg/kg时,腹脂率随蛋氨酸水平的降低而下降.在本试验条件下,当胆碱水平为1434~1631mg/kg,蛋氨酸水平为0.47%时,肉仔鸡可达到最佳生长性能;当胆碱水平为1984 mg/kg,蛋氨酸水平为0.49%时,肉仔鸡可达到最佳屠宰性能.  相似文献   

13.
本试验旨在研究嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉籽粕对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血清生化指标的影响。试验选用21日龄健康黄羽肉鸡公鸡180只,随机分成3组,分别为Ⅰ组(对照组)、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂含6%棉籽粕的基础饲粮,Ⅱ组饲喂含6%嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉籽粕的试验饲粮,Ⅲ组饲喂在含6%棉籽粕的基础饲粮中添加7×104CFU/g的嗜酸乳杆菌的试验饲粮。试验期分为2个阶段,21~42日龄和43~64日龄。结果表明:1)21~42日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组黄羽肉鸡的平均日增重(ADG)提高了8.61%(P0.05),料重比(F/G)下降了7.69%(P0.05);Ⅲ组的ADG、平均日采食量(ADFI)和F/G均无显著差异(P0.05)。与Ⅲ组相比,Ⅱ组的ADG提高了4.56%(P0.05)。43~64日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组的ADG提高了12.32%(P0.05);Ⅲ组的ADG、ADFI和F/G均无显著差异(P0.05)。与Ⅲ组相比,Ⅱ组的ADG提高了8.20%(P0.05)。21~64日龄时,各组的ADG、ADFI和F/G均无显著差异(P0.05)。2)42日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组黄羽肉鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率分别提高了2.99%、7.55%和12.33%(P0.05);Ⅲ组的屠宰性能指标无显著差异(P0.05)。与Ⅲ组相比,Ⅱ组的屠宰率和半净膛率分别提高了3.43%和6.38%(P0.05)。64日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组的屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率分别提高了5.27%、8.92%和7.05%(P0.05),半净膛率提高了6.84%(P0.01);Ⅲ组的屠宰性能指标均无显著差异(P0.05)。与Ⅲ组相比,Ⅱ组的屠宰率、半净膛率和胸肌率分别提高了4.08%、4.35%和5.16%(P0.05)。3)42日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组黄羽肉鸡的血清总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量分别提高了10.06%和12.60%(P0.05),血清尿素氮(UN)含量降低了46.76%(P0.01);Ⅲ组的血清生化指标无显著差异(P0.05)。与Ⅲ组相比,Ⅱ组的血清TP和ALB含量分别提高了9.58%和13.10%(P0.05),血清UN含量降低了47.88%(P0.01)。64日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组的血清钙(Ca)含量提高了11.74%(P0.05),血清UN含量降低了37.40%(P0.01);Ⅲ组的血清生化指标无显著差异(P0.05)。与Ⅲ组相比,Ⅱ组的血清UN含量降低了40.58%(P0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加发酵棉籽粕可改善黄羽肉鸡的生长性能和屠宰性能,增强黄羽肉鸡对蛋白质、脂肪和Ca等营养物质的消化吸收。  相似文献   

14.
Four trials were conducted to determine the effects of adding various levels and types of fat to dry-rolled corn (DRC) finishing diets containing 0 or 7.5% forage. In Trial 1, 88 yearling steers (mean BW = 352 +/- 38 kg) and 176 heifers (mean BW 316 +/- 15 kg) were blocked by sex and weight into four replications. Treatments were 0, 2, 4, or 6% (DM basis) bleachable fancy tallow (BT) fed with 0 or 7.5% (DM basis) forage. Addition of BT to the 7.5% forage diet had no effect on ADG or gain/feed (G/F). However, adding BT to the all-concentrate diet decreased ADG (linear, P < .01) and G/F (linear, P = .08). In Trial 2, 184 yearling steers (mean BW = 347 +/- 21 kg) and 144 heifers (mean BW 322 +/- 8 kg) were blocked by sex and weight into six replications. Fat treatments were 0% fat, 4% BT, or 4% animal-vegetable oil blend (A-V); each fat treatment was fed with 0 or 7.5% forage. Across forage levels, the addition of fat increased (P < .01) ADG and G/F for cattle fed DRC. In Trial 3, 18 crossbred wether lambs (mean BW = 44.4 +/- 2.5 kg) were fed DRC and 7.5% forage and allotted randomly to the same fat treatments fed in Trial 2. Apparent total tract fat digestibility increased (P < .01) with the addition of BT or A-V. In Trial 4, 40 crossbred wethers (mean BW = 25 +/- 4.1 kg) and 16 ewes (mean BW = 23 +/- 2.7 kg) were individually fed 7.5% forage diets containing 0, 1, 2, or 4% BT. Addition of BT increased (linear, P = .10) G/F. In summary, fat addition to DRC finishing diets fed to yearling cattle did not consistently affect gain/feed, feed intake, and ADG.  相似文献   

15.
Effects of ractopamine on genetically obese and lean pigs   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Twenty-eight genetically obese and 24 lean barrows (65.0 and 68.7 kg average BW, respectively) were allotted within genotype to a 16% CP corn-soybean meal basal diet or this basal diet + 20 ppm ractopamine (a phenethanolamine beta-adrenergic agonist) and allowed ad libitum access to feed for 48 d. Compared to lean pigs, obese pigs had lower ADG, gain to feed ratio, longissimus muscle area, predicted amount of muscle, and weights of trimmed loin and ham, ham lean, heart, spleen, kidney and gastrointestinal tract (P less than .05). Obese pigs also had shorter carcass but higher dressing percentage, backfat thickness, fat depth, fat area, untrimmed loin weight and fasting plasma urea N concentration (P less than .05). Dietary supplementation with 20 ppm ractopamine reduced daily feed intake and improved gain to feed ratio in both lean and obese pigs (P less than .05). Pigs fed ractopamine had shorter carcasses, less fat depth and fat area, smaller weights of stomach and colon plus rectum, but higher dressing percentages, longissimus muscle areas, weights of trimmed Boston butts, picnics and loins, ham lean and predicted amounts of muscle than pigs not fed ractopamine (P less than .05). Supplemental ractopamine had no effect on fasting plasma concentrations of urea N, nonesterified fatty acids, triglyceride or glucose (P greater than .05). No genotype x ractopamine interactions for the criteria described above were detected (P greater than .05). These results suggest that ractopamine will improve the efficiency of feed utilization and carcass leanness in swine with different propensities for body fat deposition.  相似文献   

16.
将150只8日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡随机分成5个处理组,每个处理组5个重复,每次重复6只鸡。处理1组饲喂正常饲粮(阳性对照),处理2组为10%霉变玉米替代处理1组中正常玉米(阴性对照),处理3、4、5组分别在处理2组基础上添加100、200 mg/kg的大豆异黄酮和0.05%的膨润土。结果显示,与阳性对照组比较,处理2组显著地降低了肉鸡的采食量、日增重,增加了料肉比(P<0.05);显著地提高了血清中AST、ALT、AKP和LDH的浓度(P<0.05);同时降低了肝脏和血清中GSH-PX、SOD的活性(P<0.05)。大豆异黄酮和膨润土的添加显著地提高了肉鸡采食量、日增重(P<0.05),降低了料肉比(P<0.05);同时降低了血清中AST、ALT、AKP和LDH的浓度(P<0.05);大豆异黄酮的添加还显著地提高了肝脏和血清中GSH-PX、SOD的活性(P<0.05)。结果表明,大豆异黄酮显著地抑制了霉菌毒素对肉鸡肝功能和生长性能的影响。  相似文献   

17.
补含2.0%镁硅酸盐不影响去势生长公猪的生长速度、饲料转化率或胴体品质.但是,饲喂硅酸镁饲粮,在68kg屠宰时降低(P<0.01)了猪的肝脏重量,增加了(P<0.01)背最长肌的横截面积.  相似文献   

18.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加稻壳粉对雏火鸡生长性能、体尺指标、内脏器官发育和经济效益的影响。选取体重接近的1日龄贝蒂娜雏火鸡100只,随机分成2组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只,公母各半。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加稻壳粉的基础日粮,试验期8周。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组平均日采食量(ADFI)无显著变化(P>0.05),但体重及平均日增重(ADG)极显著显著增加(P<0.01),料重比极显著降低(P<0.01);试验组心脏重有增加的趋势(P=0.09),腺胃重显著增加(P<0.05),肌胃重极显著增加(P<0.01);试验组和对照组体尺指标、脏器指数、肠道重量和长度均无显著差异(P>0.05)。56日龄时,试验组每只火鸡比对照组经济效益提高39.4%。综上所述,在雏火鸡日粮中添加稻壳粉,具有提高雏火鸡生长性能及经济效益的作用。  相似文献   

19.
Phytase is an enzyme that has the ability to release phosphorous (P) from phytate by hydrolyzing inositol-phosphate linkages. Recently, thermostable phytases have gained great consideration because the reduction in phytase activity was found when exposed to heat during feed pelleting. In this study, the effects of the granular thermostable phytase (Aspergillus niger) on growth performance and nutrient utilization of broilers were investigated. A total of 96 21-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly distributed into six treatments including basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, 8,000 U of phytase/kg. In general, the metabolizable energy (ME) and the apparent and true availability of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), and amino acids (AA) showed both linearly (p < .01) and quadratically (p < .01) increase with increasing levels of phytase in the diet. Additionally, diet supplementation with phytase could improve (p < .05) body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and feed/gain (F/G) on day 42 compared with the control. The results suggested that diet supplementation of the granular thermostable phytase in the crumbled pellets could improve chicken growth performance and nutrient utilization.  相似文献   

20.
Two hundred forty single-source, cross-bred steers (304 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of various water sulfate concentrations on performance, water intake, and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers. Cattle were stratified by weight and assigned within weight blocks to five water treatments. Averaged over time, actual water sulfate concentrations (+/- SEM) were 136.1 (+/- 6.3), 291.2 (+/- 15.3), 582.6 (+/- 16.9), 1,219.2 (+/- 23.7), and 2,360.4 (+/- 68.2) mg/L, respectively. Weather-related data were recorded. Increasing water sulfate concentration resulted in linear decreases in ADG (P < 0.01) and gain:feed ratio (P < 0.01) and a quadratic effect on water intake (P = 0.02) and tended to quadratically increase then decrease DMI (P = 0.13). Sulfate x period interactions were evident for DMI (P = 0.01), ADG (P < 0.01), and feed efficiency (P < 0.01). Time had quadratic effects on DMI, water intake, ADG, and feed efficiency (P < 0.01 for all models). Increasing water sulfate concentration resulted in linear decreases in final weight, hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage, a linear increase in longissimus muscle area, and a quadratic effect on fat thickness over the 12th rib and predicted yield grade (P < 0.05 for all dependent variables). Mean daily temperature explained 25.7% of the observed variation in water intake. Other factors that explained a significant (P < 0.01) amount of variation in water intake were BW, DMI, water sulfate concentration, barometric pressure, wind speed, and humidity. High water sulfate concentrations had a significant and deleterious effect on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers. Increasing the sulfate concentration in water may have resulted in a functional water restriction early in the trial when ambient temperatures were greatest. However, toward the latter stages of the trial, cattle supplied higher-sulfate water had higher ADG and FE. These improvements later in the trial may represent compensatory gain associated with decreased ambient temperature and water requirements. Averaged over time, a water sulfate concentration of greater than 583 mg/L, equivalent to 0.22% of the diet, decreased feedlot performance.  相似文献   

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