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为了解新疆伊犁地区肉牛产业链中重金素元素的残留情况,本研究采用原子吸收法对新疆伊犁地区肉牛养殖场的土壤、饲料及屠宰场的牛肉进行重金属砷、铅、汞、铬、镉的检测。结果表明土壤样品中重金属铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素含量分别为0.03~0.20、3.87~8.30、0.15~0.23、0.09~0.48和0.41~0.86 mg/kg。饲料样品中铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素含量分别为3.01~18.09、75.35~94.27、19.65~24.37、0.06~1.04和1.81~8.46 μg/kg。牛肉中铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素含量分别为0.23~0.54、1.22~7.12、0.28~0.53、0.01~0.27及0.02~0.03 μg/kg。土壤和饲料、饲料和牛肉、土壤和牛肉中重金素含量的相关系数分别是0.96、0.99、0.98。综上所述,伊犁地区肉牛养殖场的土壤和饲料,屠宰场的牛肉中重金素铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素的含量均没有超标,三者中重金属含量具有较高的相关性。 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2015,(12)
从规模猪场采集配合饲料和相应猪粪样品154份,其中饲料样品和猪粪样品各77份,采用原子吸收光谱法测定其中的铜和锌含量。结果表明:乳仔猪饲料中铜和锌含量最高,分别为175.41和2 204.83 mg/kg,对应的乳仔猪粪中铜和锌含量也最高,分别达到1 029.28和6 224.57 mg/kg;妊娠母猪和哺乳母猪阶段,饲料和粪中的铜和锌含量较低;育肥猪阶段,饲料和粪中铜和锌含量差异较大。总体上看,粪样中铜和锌含量显著高于饲料中的铜和锌含量,饲料和粪便中铜和锌的相关系数分别为0.87和0.89(P0.01)。建议饲料企业和养猪企业在配制饲料时,应参照猪饲养标准,尽量少加铜和锌制剂,或者使用有机微量元素代替无机微量元素。 相似文献
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四川省蛋鸡配合饲料及鸡蛋重金属含量分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《动物营养学报》2015,(11)
蛋鸡配合饲料和鸡蛋中重金属元素污染对动物健康及畜产品安全造成危害,本文旨在评估四川省蛋鸡配合饲料和鸡蛋的重金属含量现状。采集四川省内14个大中型饲料公司和4个大型养殖场不同时期(18个产蛋高峰期、11个育雏育成期和6个产蛋前期)的蛋鸡配合饲料以及11个品牌的鸡蛋,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)对锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、钒(V)、铬(Cr)、钴(Co)、镍(Ni)、砷(As)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)和铅(Pb)的含量进行了研究。结果表明:样品中重金属的分布不均衡,不符合正态分布,其中产蛋高峰期配合饲料中的Cr和育雏育成期中的Pb含量较高,分别为5.61和2.74 mg/kg,其平均Cr和Pb含量未超出限量标准(10和5 mg/kg),但部分来源饲料样品超出限量标准,超标率分别为11.1%和18.2%。饲料中的As、Cd、Hg均未超过我国《饲料卫生标准》限量;另外产蛋高峰期配合饲料中的V含量为1.74 mg/kg,最高检测值为5.2 mg/kg,超过了《Mineral Tolerance of Animals》中蛋鸡对V的耐受剂量(5 mg/kg),超标率为5.6%,但我国《饲料卫生标准》中并未规定其限量。本次抽样调查发现不同时期的蛋鸡配合饲料中重金属含量差异不显著(P0.05),鸡蛋样品中Pb、Hg、As、Cr、Cd等金属的含量未超过限量标准。综上所述:四川地区蛋鸡配合饲料和鸡蛋中的重金属含量随厂家和品牌的不同含量差异较大,其中Cr和Pb含量在部分饲料公司中超标严重;此外,具有潜在危险的重金属V在蛋鸡配合饲料中含量较高,且国内没有限量标准,应引起重视。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2019,(12):34-39
集约化畜禽养殖中,饲料中均添加多种微量元素,如硒、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、砷(As)等,导致畜禽粪便作为有机肥使用后,粪便中重金属残留影响土壤和水环境质量。本文采用原子吸收和原子荧光分光光度法,测定了泰州地区规模化养殖场畜禽粪便(鸡粪、鸭粪、鹅粪、猪粪和牛粪)中铜、锌(Zn)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、镍(Ni)、砷等7种元素含量。结果表明,猪粪和鸡粪中Cu、Zn、Cd含量高于其他3种粪便,牛粪和鹅粪中Cr含量较高。Cu、Zn和As在猪粪中的残留水平最高。Cu和Zn在不同粪便中的含量差别较大,猪粪中Cu的平均含量571.3 mg·kg~(-1)、中位数为370.8 mg·kg~(-1),明显高于其他畜禽粪便,鹅粪和牛粪含量最低;Zn在猪粪中的平均含量高达578.3 mg·kg~(-1)、中位数为506.9 mg·kg~(-1),鸡粪和鸭粪其次,鹅粪和牛粪的平均含量最低。参照德国腐熟堆肥重金属限量标准,除牛粪外,其他畜禽粪便中重金属含量均有超标现象,其中猪粪Cu、Zn、Cd严重超标,鸡粪Zn、Cd、Ni严重超标。根据我国畜禽粪便安全使用准则中在pH6.5土壤中使用限量标准,猪粪中As、Cu、Zn均超标。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2017,(4):46-50
为合理评价新疆奎屯高砷地下水灌溉区动物饲料及产品中砷污染水平,随机采集典型灌溉区所产农作物源饲料(玉米秸秆、甘草秸秆、稗子草、麦麸、苜蓿以及玉米籽粒)126份、动物肉和内脏样品162份、生鲜牛奶24份及棉籽油样品6份,并采用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定其中砷含量。结果表明,按照我国《饲料卫生标准》(GB 13078-2001)中规定家禽、猪配合饲料中总砷含量允许量≤2.0 mg/kg这一标准,农作物源饲料样品中总砷含量超标率为26.19%,其中,玉米秸秆和稗子草样品中总砷含量超标率分别达100%(n=24)和75%(n=12),玉米秸秆样品中总砷含量最大超标3.5倍,且其中61%为毒性大的三价砷;按照我国《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762-2012)中规定肉类总砷限量值为0.5 mg/kg,生乳总砷限量值为0.05 mg/kg这一标准,动物样品中总砷超标率为16.67%,其中猪肝、羊肝、鸡肾和鸡肫样品中超标率分别为47.62%(n=21)、38.10%(n=21)、22.22%(n=9)和16.67%(n=6);牛奶样品中砷超标率达62.50%;按照我国《食用植物油卫生标准》(GB 2716-2005)中规定食用油中砷的允许量为≤0.1 mg/kg这一标准,所采集的棉籽油样品总砷含量均未超标。研究表明,高砷地下水灌溉严重影响了当地所产动物饲料及肉品质。 相似文献
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《中兽医医药杂志》2020,(2)
研究肥药伴侣对岷归药材重金属元素含量的影响。采用微波消除法处理样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱-质谱法(ICP-MS)测定当归中铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)等5种重金属元素含量。结果显示,5种重金属元素线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999 0,精密度、重复性良好,回收率在98.8%～108.2%。各处理组的重金属元素含量均低于空白对照组,其中复合组效果明显,Cr、Cu、As、Cd、Pb各重金属元素平均含有量分别为7.700 mg/kg、8.826 mg/kg、0.430 mg/kg、0.021 mg/kg、0.549 mg/kg。肥药伴侣与普通的化学肥料相比,能够降低岷归药材中的重金属元素含量,具有一定的推广应用价值。 相似文献
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河南省规模化猪场饲料及粪便中氮磷、重金属元素及抗生素含量调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(7)
本研究对河南省12家规模化猪场饲料及粪便中氮磷、重金属及抗生素含量进行调查,采集断奶仔猪、保育猪和育肥猪3个阶段的饲料和粪便样品,测定样品中粗蛋白、总磷、部分重金属元素(锌、铜、砷)和抗生素(金霉素和喹乙醇)的含量,并进行相关性分析。结果表明:规模化猪场断奶仔猪饲料中粗蛋白、磷、铜、锌、砷、金霉素和喹乙醇平均含量分别为19.49%、0.60%、184.25 mg/kg、1853.33 mg/kg、4.79 mg/kg、3.50 mg/kg、22.95 mg/kg,保育猪饲料中上述各指标平均含量为18.26%、0.56%、174.00 mg/kg、719.17 mg/kg、7.55 mg/kg、7.00 mg/kg、24.04 mg/kg,肥育猪饲料中各指标平均含量为16.63%、0.47%、133.50 mg/kg、192.17 mg/kg、5.88 mg/kg、2.62 mg/kg、4.98 mg/kg;断奶仔猪粪便中粗蛋白、磷、铜、锌和砷平均含量分别为26.15%、2.57%、816.67 mg/kg、4 853.33 mg/kg、13.07 mg/kg,保育猪粪便中上述各指标平均含量分别为25.99%、2.89%、1 475.00 mg/kg、4 798.33 mg/kg、22.72 mg/kg,肥育猪粪便中各指标平均含量分别为21.64%、2.83%、948.33 mg/kg、1 730.00 mg/kg、41.21 mg/kg,所有猪粪便中均未检测出金霉素和喹乙醇。断奶仔猪和保育猪饲料中总磷含量与粪便中总磷含量呈显著正相关(P0.05),饲料中铜含量粪便中铜含量在断奶阶段呈显著正相关(P0.05)、在育肥阶段呈极显著正相关(P0.01);饲料中锌含量与粪便中锌含量在保育阶段达到了显著正相关(P0.05);饲料中砷含量与粪便中砷含量均呈正相关,但相关性均未达显著水平(P0.05)。 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献13.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
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Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases. 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献16.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献