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1生长结果习性
嫁接当年生长旺盛，新梢长度可达1m以上，粗度可达1．2cm，并且可以萌发副梢。嫁接当年即可在主梢和副梢上形成花芽，第2年结果。枝条一般可分为结果枝、生长枝、结果母枝。嫁接后第2年及以后各年萌发的新生枝大多为结果枝，约占新枝总量的95％；生长枝主要有内膛潜伏芽萌发形成， 相似文献
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<正>1生长特性1.1枝条生长特性萌芽力强,成枝力中等,1年生枝上的芽,第2年萌发的能力强,除极少数瘪芽外,其他的芽都萌发。直立枝除顶芽外萌发后形成短枝多,平生枝萌发后形成中长枝多。结果后容易抽生细长果台副梢,结果超量时果台副梢容易变成辐条枝。背 相似文献
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拉枝是果树栽培管理中不可缺少的技术措施.枝条开张角度,惟独拉枝方法最好,效果最理想.什么时候拉枝好呢?众说纷纭.普遍认为是在树液流动后枝条变软时拉.此时正值早春,拉枝使被拉枝的开张角度变大,原来的内侧芽都变成背上芽,抽梢后新梢都呈直立生长,长势甚强,其它芽发梢也都有向上生长趋势,如夏季不能及时抹芽除梢,就使冠内直立枝梢过多,既浪费营养,又影响光照,成枝后又增加冬剪量.春拉枝加粗生长后角度才能固定,不然易反弹.有人主张秋开角,即枝条加粗生长停止后再拉枝,就更为不利.笔者经多年实践证明,拉枝的最佳时期是在新梢顶芽形成后.此时枝条仍然绵软好拉,不易劈裂,且新梢延长生长停止,加粗生长开始.拉枝后减缓长势,冠内光照部位增加,光合作用增强.有利于营养积累和形成花芽,有助于枝梢加粗生长和角度的固定,不易反弹. 相似文献
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转枝的对象为多年生结果较少、结果后枝条不易下垂的枝和当年生木质化的强旺枝或强旺果台副梢。对当年生强旺枝或者果台副梢采用分段转枝，可以代替刻芽、摘心、戴帽修剪等复杂的夏剪技术，6月中旬以前进行还具有当年形成优质花芽、促使果实膨大的作用；对多年生枝基部30～50cm强弱交接处采用分段转枝更具有基部促枝、后部成花的作用。转枝在整个生长季节都可进行， 相似文献
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甜樱桃幼树期生长势旺盛 ,顶端优势强 ,萌芽率较高 ,成枝率低 ,仅顶端 2～ 3芽抽生长枝 ,其余多数芽只形成叶丛枝 ,花芽形成较难 ,一般 4～ 5年才进入结果期 [1] 。甜樱桃芽具有早熟性 ,一年多次抽梢的特点[1] ,对幼旺树进行摘心 ,具有控制枝条旺长、增加分枝级次和枝量 ,促使枝类转化 ,加速扩大树冠等作用[2 ] 。但摘心不当则达不到预期效果 ,如进行轻度摘心 ,一般仅顶端一侧芽继续萌发抽梢 ,抽生 2个以上副梢者很少 ,顶端以下的芽仍然不能抽发短枝 ,反而有促进生长的作用[3] 。为此 ,本试验进行了摘心程度的研究。1 材料与方法 试验在… 相似文献
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1原因1）整形修剪不当。因整形方式不当，造成枝条徒长，芽不充实。冬剪时，把过于细弱的枝条留做结果枝，造成春季芽不萌发。2）缺肥。单株结果量大时，后期肥料供应不足，枝条先端生长势强，后部发育差。3）栽培措施不当。栽植密度过大，发育枝过多，使株间通风透光性差，新梢上的芽眼分化不好造成“瞎眼”。4）基部枝条生长过旺， 相似文献
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猕猴桃芽,枝,叶发育期季节性变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猕猴桃芽、枝、叶发育期季节性变化秦仲麒张俊（译）猕猴桃高产要求精细的修剪管理。冬季修剪需要选留一年生枝条，即“母枝”。当年生枝条即由母枝上抽生，猕猴桃花即着生于这些当年出新梢上。母枝通常从树冠较高的部位选留，因为这些枝在前一个生长季节光照良好。猕猴桃... 相似文献
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“Blind” shoot formation in roses is described as being caused by flower bud atrophy. The frequency of the phenomenon is influenced by the location of the bud from which the shoot breaks and by seasonal conditions. The frequency of “blindness” is higher in the winter, and is higher when the shoots are lower on the branch. Winter drop in flower production is not always accompanied by an increased percentage of bud atrophy, since lack of flowering may also be due to a lower rate of bud breaking.The chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents in leaves of flowering shoots are higher than those of non-flowering ones. 相似文献
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T. G. Thorp D. Aspinall Margaret Sedgley 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):645-651
Floral bud development, early fruit set, bud size, leaf nitrogen and shoot starch content were recorded in spring, summer and autumn shoots of ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Floral initiation occurred in late autumn, but only in buds on terminal shoots (the last-formed shoot module on a terminal or axillary growth axis). In branching systems with three growth flushes, more flowers were produced and more fruit set on autumn and summer, than on spring flush terminal shoots. Floral development and leaf nitrogen accumulation occurred later in autumn than in summer shoots, but leaf numbers, dry and fresh weights, starch content of wood, mean floral status at anthesis and anthesis date were similar. The results suggest that nitrogen and starch were present in excess during floral development, and that shoot age did not influence the ability of a shoot to flower and set fruit, provided the shoot had sufficient vigour to produce new shoot growth in spring. 相似文献
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为揭示蚜虫取食对杏叶片细胞分化、果枝节间伸长和花芽形成量的影响,对‘金太阳’杏被桃蚜取食与未被取食同龄幼叶超微结构、果枝节间长度和每节花芽数进行比较,结果表明：（1）被取食幼叶叶肉细胞比未被取食同龄幼叶叶肉细胞明显小,显示其生长较慢。（2）被取食与未被取食同龄幼叶叶肉细胞的质体差异显著,未被取食幼叶中质体凸透镜形,含丰富类囊体和发达基粒,表现叶绿体形态结构;被取食幼叶中质体球形或椭球形,含少量类囊体,不具叶绿体形态结构。（3）被取食果枝节间长度显著短于未被取食果枝,相反,被取食果枝每节花芽数显著多于未被取食果枝。因此认为,蚜虫取食阻碍杏叶细胞生长和分化,抑制果枝节间伸长,每节花芽数增加。 相似文献
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Chinese chive is produced year-round in Japan, therefore it is important to demonstrate the relationships of short-day (SD) conditions with flower stalk elongation and flower formation for optimizing the cropping system, e.g. the increase in harvests per year. To clarify the influence of short photoperiod on flower stalk elongation and flower formation in Chinese chive, 8 h SD treatments were applied at different developmental stages of flower stalk elongation and flower formation. When the SD treatment started from vegetative or floral-initiated stages, the earlier the SD treatment started, the fewer flower stalks appeared. Also, the earlier the SD treatment started, the less the flowers bloomed and the more the flower stalk elongation was inhibited at the end of SD treatments. Many involucres did not open and withered with death of florets in SD when the SD treatment started between the umbel or flower bud differentiation and the perianth to stamen-formation stages. Also, all or part of the florets aborted and there were no complete inflorescences in the later SD treatments. We found that, in Chinese chive, the development of flower stalk elongation and flower formation were inhibited with the earlier SD treatment, after vegetative or floral-initiated stages. Furthermore, it is considered that Chinese chive needs long-day (LD) for the flower stalk elongation and inflorescence formation after the initiation of the flower bud. The plant has a qualitative LD requirement with the same photoperiodic requirement for both flower bud initiation and flower development. 相似文献
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芍药生长发育的各个时期都存在花蕾败育现象,降低了成花率。以芍药品种‘巧玲’为材料,研究温室促成盆栽、室外盆栽和大田地栽方式下的花蕾败育情况,结果表明：不同栽培方式下芍药花蕾败育率明显不同,与各生长发育阶段蕾径大小相关。蕾径2 ~ 4 mm败育蕾发生率呈现温室促成栽培（67.9% ~ 86.6%）> 室外盆栽（44.9%）> 大田地栽（16.3%）的规律,此类败育蕾是由萌芽初期芽分化速度晚于同期正常芽的芽体发育而引起,蕾径达2 mm的败育蕾的雄蕊、雌蕊原基分化已完成;蕾径4 ~ 8 mm的败育蕾发生率呈现室外盆栽（29.6%）> 温室促成栽培（9.2% ~ 25.6%）> 大田地栽（11.8%）的规律,蕾径达5 mm的败育蕾处于胚珠原基分化阶段;蕾径8 ~ 17 mm的败育蕾在温室促成栽培条件下发生率为0 ~ 4.8%,但在室外盆栽及大田地栽环境中均没有发生,蕾径达10 mm的败育蕾其胚珠的珠心和珠柄已形成;蕾径17 ~ 27 mm的败育蕾在室外盆栽环境中发生率最高,为19.9%,其次为大田地栽,为9.2%,温室促成栽培最低,为0 ~ 1.4%,蕾径达18 mm的败育蕾可见胚珠的珠心、珠被、珠孔。3种栽培方式下败蕾率最高均出现在茎伸长期,即主要发生在2 ~ 4 mm大的花蕾,温室促成栽培中控制该阶段花蕾败育是降低败蕾率的关键,可以通过肥水管理,适当延长低温处理时间及保持后期栽培温度稳定来减少其发生,提高成花率。 相似文献