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1.
研究旨在对长江下游微生物群落代谢多样性以及环境因子对它的影响进行分析,以期为长江下游地区生态环境的改善及修复做参考。通过Biolog-ECO技术分析了长江下游各江段水体微生物代谢多样性,探究各江段水质理化因子变化与微生物群落代谢多样性的关系。研究发现长江下游水质指标除TP、TN外,其他指标均符合Ⅱ类以上标准;微生物群落的整体代谢能力南京江段最强;微生物群落丰富度指数在南京江段最高;多样性指数与均匀度指数由高到低排列顺序为安庆江段、南京江段、靖江江段、铜陵江段、芜湖江段;RDA分析表明,水体理化因子TP、Pb对长江微生物代谢六大类碳源呈现正相关关系。综合水质指标和各江段微生物代谢多样性分析,长江下游水体安庆江段和南京江段的富营养化程度较高,TP、Pb对长江下游水体微生物群落代谢多样性具有促进作用。 相似文献
2.
Thermal environment in urban public space is considered as an important factor affecting thermal comfort of human beings. In the whole year, thermal environment in public space of the city in hot-summer and cold-winter zone changes dramatically, which has an effect on human thermal comfort. In this study, three typical public spaces including street, park and square of Changsha were selected for a long-term experiment of thermal environment. Based on the analysis of four significant thermal environment parameters-air temperature, relative humidity, global temperature and wind speed, seasonal characteristics of thermal environment in urban public space were obtained. The results show that the characteristics of urban thermal environment are determined by natural climate, while the physical structure of a city has essential impact on the changes of local outdoor thermal environment. Affected by plants (trees) and water (Xiangjiang river) air temperature of the street along the street is much lower, relative humidity is higher and solar radiation is weaker in most of the year. Compared to the street along the river, air temperature of the square is higher and solar radiation is stronger. 相似文献
3.
The concept of "renovation and restoration" marks the transformation from urban and rural planning and construction to intensive development mode and to quality improvement stage.The environmental imbalance problem of emphasizing development and neglecting ecology in the past has become the focus of the current urban quality improvement stage.Rivers are related to the origin,development and evolution of cities,affect the layout,transportation and environment of cities,and bear the culture,economy and characteristics of cities.Taking the Linjing River of Yongchuan in Chongqing as an example and taking the concept of "renovation and restoration" as the guidance of the design of the overall environmental quality improvement of the river,this study analyzed and summarized the problems to be solved in the improvement of the environmental quality of the river based on the four river environmental impact factors of water pollution,water resource supply and demand,ecological environment and shore water waterfront type and the strategies of optimizing the aquatic environment management,constructing the ecological landscape pattern,shaping the regional cultural landscape and combining the economic development along the river were put forward in order to improve the overall environmental quality of Linjiang River and provide reference for relevant planning and design. 相似文献
4.
Owing to the fluctuation of water quality in urban river which polluted by drainage along river, one-dimension uncertain water quality model embeded neural network is established. Genetic algorithms and a modified fitness function are used to optimize parameters of the uncertain model. Examples illustrate that the uncertain model has higher prediction accuracy with the average accuracy over 80% than the certain model, and is more sensitive to the fluctuation of pollutants discharged into the river. The uncertain model has a significant advantage of prediction and could better adapt to the changing urban water environment, especially at points close to the pollution sources. 相似文献
5.
YU Ze-bin~ 《保鲜与加工》2005,(1):71-75
In this paper, the current situation on the study of water required for ecology and environment is summarized aiming at the maintenance of the view and ecology of landscape river in the affluent water area, to bring forward the calculation method of water required for ecology and environment of landscape. The authors put forward a point of view that the water required for ecology and environment of landscape is the water to keep the integrity of structure and function of river ecology and circumjacent landscape. In calculation of the water required for ecology and environment of landscape, firstly, the relation of river creature posture and wade wet cycle during some period should be studied to ensure the relation of water area dimension and river ecology system. Secondly, a key cross section is chosen to estimate the relation of water level and downstream landscape through referring to historical data, compute the relation of water level and runoff and it can fix on the relation of downstream landscape and water level at a key cross section. Finally, the authors adopt a method of mace-attribute decision-making analysis to make sure appropriate water required for ecology and environment of landscape. For the sake of explaining above point of view, this paper gives an example of calculation of water required for ecology and environment of landscape for Lijiang River. 相似文献
6.
城市用水是城市形成与发展的重要因素。城市用水是整个城市水资源系统的一个重要环节,预测城市用水是实现城市水资源供需平衡的一项重要的基础工作,也是制定流域规划,城市供、排水规划以及国民经济计划的基础和依据。在此,主要研究了城市的生活用水预测和工业用水预测的计算方法。并以抚顺市为实例,分别用动态相关法和重复利用率提高法对抚顺市生活和工业用水进行了预测,预测结果为2010年抚顺市生活用水量是16870万t,工业用水量是35405万t。通过分析存在的主要问题得出：为保证抚顺市水资源可持续发展,还要加强水资源的统一管理,在全面节水的基础上,提高水的有效利用率。 相似文献
7.
The contamination transplant-diffuse mechanism in shallow river is analysed. FVM is applied to the stream tubes, according to mass conservation principle and established the 2-D finite volume model in the contamination concentration field (CCF). This method is applied to simulate water quality of some section of Yangtze River and Jialing River around Chongqing city, which is simple and effective. 相似文献
8.
《Journal of Landscape Research》2016,(1)
According to China's urban forest construction concept of "networking forest and water, i.e. networklike distribution of urban forest and urban water system, the built-up area and neighboring natural environment of Taiyuan City were investigated to explore the urban forest construction layout of the city and proposed the overall layout as "one ring, one river, two nets, three mountains, eleven watersheds and multiple cores". 相似文献
9.
River water quality is one of the important conditions must be considered when river water source heat pump is used. It is also the key factor of efficiency of river water source heat pump. Based on analysis of the water quality factors which influence the river water source heat pump heat exchanger fouling, the main quality indicators and value are conformed. Using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the actual monitoring data, quality classification of river water which is the source of water source heat pump is analyzed. For the difficulty of multiple indicators which need to detect and meet the related national standard in practical engineering application, the definition of scaling potential value is put forward. As the water quality comprehensive evaluation index of water source heat pump, the scaling potential value not only can consider the influence of the main water quality parameters on water source heat pump heat exchanger fouling, but also can conveniently and quickly provide direct basis for water quality judgment and system selection in the engineering application. 相似文献
10.
国内湿地重金属污染评价的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湿地作为地球上重要的生态系统之一,具有稳定环境、物种基因保护及资源利用功能,被誉为自然之肾、生物基因库和人类摇篮。随着近年来湿地面临着面积萎缩、功能下降、污染日趋严重等危机,国内外学者对湿地保持着持续关注与研究,其中对湿地重金属的污染评价就是湿地科学研究领域的重要内容之一。笔者通过对国内十多年来有关重金属污染方面的报道进行整理分析,回顾总结了湖泊、河流、三角洲以及滨海等类型湿地的底泥、水体及土壤中重金属的污染现状与迁移特征,重点对重金属的种类、空间分布以及分析方法等进行总结归纳。在众多研究成果中,对污染物评价的方法以地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法使用最多。 相似文献
11.
《Journal of Landscape Research》2017,(5)
To figure out water pollution of the Qinhuang River in Binzhou City,broad bean root-tip micronucleus technique was applied to test water quality,water sample from different sampling points was taken to detect the contamination of broad bean root tips,so as to reflect water pollution using the pol ution indexes.The results showed that water in the Qinhuang River was polluted in different degrees,and water pollution grew more serious from the upper to the lower reaches.Water pollution sources include domestic sewage and solid waste,thus pollution discharge into the river must be strictly controlled to restore the polluted water and the ecological functions of waterscapes. 相似文献
12.
城市水域生态景观设计探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文章对城市水域环境特征进行了分析,并提出了利用生态学原理,通过自然河岸保护与整治、水质保护与净化、乡土植物应用与修复、加强亲水设计等方法,着眼于水域生态系统维护与恢复而进行城市水域景观规划的途径。 相似文献
13.
生态环境与西部城市竞争力研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
西部城市生态环境的好坏直接关系到西部城市竞争力的培育和提高,而强有力的城市竞争力对加速西部地区城市化进程,促进全国经济均衡持续发展具有重要的战略意义。加强西部城市生态环境建设要注意：坚持可持续发展理念,避免“唯经济发展”观念;加快农村城市化步伐,减轻人口对城市区域环境的压力;大力培育发展环境产业,走生态建市的道路;推行投资项目评估制度,确保西部城市投资项目取得经济效益、生态效益和社会效益的统一;加强生态环境监察执法力度,根除环境污染源。 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Landscape Research》2017,(6)
Cities are currently confronted with many urban problems, such as water shortages, water quality pollution, floods, and the loss of habitats of aquatic organisms, and badly in need of a more comprehensive solution. In this context, the concept of "sponge city" is proposed. This paper, based on the theory of sponge city and low impact development, elaborated the origin, development, connotation, and construction method of "sponge city" concept. In this paper, the urban design scheme of Renbei District in Chengdu was taken for example to analyze the geographical environment and climate characteristics of Chengdu and explain the formation and verification of the scheme. It is considered that the "sponge city" is different from the traditional urban infrastructure. It is essentially an ecological approach. Its core is to build a cross-scale urban water ecological infrastructure to comprehensively solve the prominent water-related problems of urban and rural areas in China. 相似文献
15.
Based on the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model,the two-dimensional water quality model is presented in this paper.According to the numerical simulation and analysis of water environment quality at different frequency floodwater,it concludes that the flood runoff is the first factor for the water environment quality,and points out that the water environment quality is better in low frequency flood than that in high frequency in respect of organic contamination,in addition,the concentration of heavy metal in high frequency flood tends to be increased greatly. 相似文献
16.
Starting from the fact of contemporary urban problemsexsiting universally,this paper traces back and analyses the theoreticalpoints of green city and its widespread and profound influence.Thispaper also expounds its benefit and enlightenment to us.To relax thesevere urban ecological and environmental problems,the author,consci-entiously drawing some modern urban planning thoughts such as gardencity,organic dispersion and systematical coordination and based on thepractice in the over all planning of Leshan city,presents a new conceptof green core city aiming to combine overall city planning with ecologyplanning and layout structure with improving urban living quality bylaying the city in several natural ecological circles.It will creat a higher urban living environmental quality.To satisfy demand of contemporarycities on a higher stage of development for environmental quality,it isnecessary to achieve the developmental goal of ecological city.This paperstates this point of veiws on the meaning and basic requirements for anecological city and stresses that it is important to raise the view ofunifying economical and social benefits with ecology and environment inurban planning and construction. 相似文献
17.
我国重点流域农村生活污水处理现状及其技术研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
摘要：针对我国农村生活污水直接排放已经严重影响我国农村水环境质量这一现状,介绍了目前国内外农村生活污水处理技术及设施,从适合我国农村的以村落或居民点为单位进行生活污水处理的思维入手,介绍了我国现今经济发达地区和重点流域的生活污水处理技术的原理、特点及其应用现状;继而提出适合我国农村生活污水处理技术的设计原则。 相似文献
18.
Being established in the thought of environment dredging, the crafts flow of water jet airlift dredging and treating of surplus water as well as circle using of mud polluted have been analysed following the status in quo of pollution of the fiver and reservoir. Definitely, it has been pointed out that the total of mud will be reduced with the technique of dehydration so as to reduce the volume of mud stack. At the same ring the surplus water. The mud which had been treated can be time, it will be reduced for pollution secondly by treaused as soil of fiver or gardens or road for the recycle. Then, the parameter and efficiency of production in HuaXi river valley integration treating project have been expatiated particularly in environment dredging. It indicates the new way for environment dredging in river and reservoir at the mountainous area. 相似文献
19.
Discussion of the Application and Foreground of Falling Water Aeration with the Process of Sewage Treatment 
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下载免费PDF全文 The engineering design of sewage treatment plant for the Chongqing city, P. R. China is analyzed in this paper. Considering the situation of China and other projects, the characteristics of falling water reactor for the environment protection project and economy of investment is introduced ; the application and foreground of falling water aeration in the process of sewage treatment is discussed, such as Oxidation - ditch, SBR, and so on. The conclusion indicated that the falling water aeration can be designed and used as an independent aeration, and, it is an upgraded technology of sewage treatment which is adaptive for city water environment control in middle and small towns in China. The falling water aeration may reduce running cost of the sewage treatment plant, is adaptive for foothill and the mountainous areas, and reduces project investment and environments damage. 相似文献
20.
The city landscape lighting is an important strategy for cities to upgrade their fame and promote the development of traveling economy. The special regional character and space form of montane city along the river offer favorable conditions to create the lighting styles of landscape-garden mode,while it also brings new chlenge to landscape lighting designers. This paper discussed the concept of landscape lighting design in the regional and humanistic aspects, and has done the applied and academic analysis of lighting classification and light color delamination with the basic theory of photometry and colorimetry,also brought forward the new concept of the construction of three-dimensional city night view. In this paper, the scientific solution for the problems, which are often arisen in the process of landscape lighting design of montane city along the river,was put forward so to prevent the negative effect brought by the had designing vogue of rote, mimic slavishly etc. This paper centers on the green-lighting and emphasizes the combination of technology and art;it also provides the applied and theory foundation to the creation of unique styles of landscape lighting of montane city along the river. 相似文献