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1.
Folliculo‐stellate (FS) cells are non‐endocrine cells found in the adenohypophysis and are identified in many animals by the S100 protein marker. Although keratin is another FS marker in several animals, there is no information on localization of keratin in the avian adenohypophysis. In this study, localization of cytokeratin in chicken adenohypophyseal cells was investigated immunohistochemically. Basic cytokeratin (bCK)‐positive cells were arranged radially in the cell cords with their cytoplasmic processes reaching the basal lamina. The cell bodies encircled a follicle in the center of the cell cord. Furthermore, the bCK‐positive cells were also S100B‐positive. Growth hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and luteinizing hormone β‐subunit did not co‐localize with the bCK‐positive cells. In addition, the bCK‐positive cells had a laminin‐positive area in their cytoplasm. Transmission electron microscopy observed agranular cells equipped with several microvilli that encircled a follicle. These results indicate that bCK‐positive cells in the chicken adenohypophysis may be a predominant FS cell population and produce laminin. It is suggested that they function as sustentacular cells to sustain the adjacent endocrine cells and the structure of the cell cords in the chicken adenohypophysis.  相似文献   

2.
Immunohistochemical and histochemical stains are useful adjunct techniques in the diagnosis of canine cutaneous round cell tumors, which can appear histologically similar. We applied a panel of monoclonal antibodies (recognizing tryptase, chymase, serotonin for mast cells; CD1a, CD18, MHC class II for histiocytes; CD3 for T lymphocytes; CD79a for B lymphocytes and plasma cells) and one histochemical stain (naphthol AS-D chloroacetate for chymase activity) to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors, histiocytomas, lymphosarcomas, plasmacytomas, and unidentified round cell tumors. Of 21 tumors with a histologic diagnosis of mast cell tumor, 7/7 (100%) grade I, 6/7 (85.7%) grade II, and 3/7 (42.9%) grade III tumors were diagnosed as mast cell tumors based on positive staining for tryptase antigen and chymase activity. Mast cells were positive for both tryptase antigen and chymase activity, indicating equal efficacy of tryptase immunohistochemistry and chymase histochemistry. Chymase was detected immunohistochemically in both tumor and nontumor cells, while serotonin was not detected in most mast cell tumors, and thus, neither was useful in the diagnosis of mast cell tumors. Immunohistochemistry to detect CD18 and MHC class II was equally effective in staining histiocytomas, although lymphosarcoma must be ruled out through the use of CD3 and CD79a immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry using three different monoclonal antibodies to human CD1a showed no cross-reactivity in canine histiocytomas and was not useful. A final diagnosis was obtained for 4/5 (80%) of the unidentified tumors, indicating the usefulness of multiple stains in poorly differentiated round cell tumors.  相似文献   

3.
Cyathostomins (Cyathostominae) are regarded as the most pathogenic equine nematode worldwide. These nematodes are difficult to control in equine populations due to emerging anthelmintic resistance and evasion of encysted larval cyathostomins to regular modern anthelmintics. Mast cells and their proteinases have been shown to play a role in the mammalian immune response to nematode infections. Involvement of mast cells and mast cell proteinases in the equine immune response to cyathostomin infection is proposed. A technique was established to perform immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal rabbit anti-equine mast cell proteinase-1 (eqMCP-1) and anti-equine tryptase on formalin-fixed large intestinal sections, from horses classified as cyathostomin positive and negative at the time of death based upon larval enumeration. Quantitative analysis of antibody labelled mast cells was used to detect mast cell proteinases in equine large intestinal sections positive and negative for cyathostomin larvae. This demonstrated an increase in equine tryptase labelled mucosal and submucosal mast cells in cyathostomin positive horses. This study has established an immunohistochemical technique to demonstrate mast cell proteinases in formalin-fixed large intestinal sections. This technique may be used to determine possible involvement of mast cells and their proteinases in the equine immune response to cyathostomin larvae. Further studies are required to define a specific role.  相似文献   

4.
Recent studies here have demonstrated that increased mast cell populations and tryptase activity contribute to lesion formation in regions of immune organs in special-pathogen-free chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV). Mast cells and their mediators have been implicated in acute inflammatory injury after vvIBDV infection, but their precise role in this process remains elusive. In this study, the role of mast cells in the vvIBDV infection process was examined using ketotifen, a mast cell membrane stabilizer. On days 1, 2, and 3 postinfection, the bursa of Fabricius (BFs) were collected to quantify mast cells, tryptase and histamine contents by cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry and fluorospectrophotometry analyses, respectively. The results showed that the mast cell populations, tryptase expression, and histamine released increased significantly in the BFs (p < 0.01) of infected birds compared to controls, and acute inflammatory responses were observed in the former. In contrast, in infected chickens pretreated with ketotifen, mast cells, tryptase, and histamine were markedly decreased (p < 0.01) and probably as a result, the BFs remitted significantly. The overall results suggest that mast cells are positively involved in BF injury induced by vvIBDV infection. Inhibition of mast cell degranulation and concurrent mediator release may represent a novel strategy to modulate this process. This study, thus, advances the understanding of the acute inflammatory injury mechanisms triggered by vvIBDV infection and the contribution of mast cell activity in this process.  相似文献   

5.
为了研究奶牛乳腺肥大细胞的组织化学特点和分布特征,对21头发育各期奶牛乳腺进行取样,应用免疫组织化学方法（SP）,观察奶牛乳腺肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶的表达。结果显示,奶牛乳腺肥大细胞表达类胰蛋白酶,肥大细胞数量在各期有显著差异,泌乳期的乳腺肥大细胞数量明显减少（P〈0.01）,分娩后60d奶牛乳腺肥大细胞的数量最少。结果表明,肥大细胞数量随生理周期的改变而改变,静止期奶牛的局部免疫能力增强。  相似文献   

6.
The potential role of the mast cells in the invasion of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) is unknown. We evaluated mast cell activity and tryptase production after vvIBDV infection in special pathogen-free (SPF) chickens using cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry analyses. The results were as follows: (1) severe histologic lesions were observed in the thymus, spleen, cloacal bursa, liver, kidney and other tissues. vvIBDV viral antigens were detected and presented extensively in the parenchymatous organs, in particular, the cloacal bursa, liver, kidney, thymus, spleen and pancreas. (2) In the vvIBDV-infected group, the mast cell population increased markedly in the liver, kidney, thymus, glandular stomach, spleen and cloacal bursa on days 1, 2 and 3 after vvIBDV infection (p<0.05). However, very few mast cells were observed in those same tissues in the controls, especially in the bursa of Fabricius. (3) Tryptase, a marker for activated mast cells, has a positive correlation with mast cell distribution. The mast cells identified in the tissues were likely to be activated since they were associated with cell degranulation and the presence of tryptase. Furthermore, the co-localization of mast cells, and presence of vvIBDV antigens suggests that the mast cells were activated by vvIBDV infection. Our results also suggest that tryptase may contribute to the inflammation of acute IBD induced by vvIBDV infection. Our research contributes to the further understanding of inflammatory response mechanisms and the contribution of mast cell activity to this process.  相似文献   

7.
绒山羊肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶的免疫组化及图像分析研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
[目的]探讨绒山羊肥大细胞中是否存在类胰蛋白酶及不同固定液对其常规染色和免疫组化染色结果的影响。[方法]采用兔抗羊肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶多克隆抗体间接免疫过氧化物酶技术检测由Carnoy液和中性福尔马林液(NBF)固定的绒山羊空肠、瓣胃和肺等组织肥大细胞中是否存在类胰蛋白酶。同时采用Image-ProPlus图像分析软件和人工计数法对结果进行分析,比较经常规染色和免疫组化染色后不同固定液固定组织中肥大细胞的形态及数量,进而判断Carnoy液和中性福尔马林液(NBF)对该检测技术的影响。[结果]兔抗羊多克隆抗体与绒山羊肥大细胞中的类胰蛋白酶具有良好的交叉反应,证实绒山羊肥大细胞胞浆颗粒中存在类胰蛋白酶。同时,与Carnoy液相比较,NBF液固定组织能较好地反映肥大细胞在组织中的数量和形态变化。[结论]绒山羊肥大细胞中存在类胰蛋白酶,且与Carnoy液相比较,NBF液是一种更为适合绒山羊肥大细胞常规染色和免疫组化染色的固定剂。  相似文献   

8.
Reasons for performing study: Cyathostomins are the principal pathogenic nematode of equidae worldwide. In other species mast cell (MC) proteinases, in particular chymases, appear to have protective roles. Knowledge of the equine intestinal immune response to cyathostomins is limited. Objective: To investigate MC numbers and proteinase expression in equine cyathostomin‐infected large intestine. Hypothesis: MC populations in the large intestine are positively associated with cyathostomin burden and predominantly express chymase. Methods: The caecal cyathostomin burden of naturally infected horses (n = 25) was determined by luminal counts and pepsin digest (mural count). MC were identified and enumerated in caecal tissue using toluidine blue (TB). Immunofluorescent labelling with polyclonal rabbit antibodies was used to demonstrate expression of equine tryptase and the chymase equine mast cell proteinase‐1 (eqMCP‐1) in Carnoy's fixed caecal sections. Results: Significant positive linear relationships were found between TB‐stained mucosal and submucosal MC counts and total cyathostomin burden (P<0.001, r2>36%), and both luminal (P<0.010, r2>25%) and mural (P<0.001, r2>36%) larval counts. Similar relationships were found with mucosal and submucosal chymase and tryptase‐labelled MC counts (total: P<0.004, r2>29%; luminal: P<0.004, r2>30%; and mural: P<0.030, r2>19%). With all three MC labels, mean MC counts were higher in the submucosa compared to the mucosa (P<0.001). All caecal MC appeared to express chymase, with a small number of MC expressing both tryptase and chymase. Conclusions and potential relevance: Large intestinal MC counts are significantly associated with cyathostomin burden, with a predominance of chymase‐positive MC. The burden is significantly associated with expression of MC proteinases, supporting their likely involvement in the intestinal immune response to cyathostomin infection. Further work to investigate the kinetics of proteinase expression, the possibility of differential proteinase expression and the role of these MC proteinases is warranted.  相似文献   

9.
This case series presents a unique and unreported variant of feline intestinal mast cell tumour recognized at the CSU Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Fifty cases of feline intestinal mast cell tumours described as having a significant stromal component were reviewed. Neoplastic cells formed a trabecular pattern admixed with moderate to abundant dense stromal collagen (sclerosis). Neoplastic cells had poorly discernible intracytoplasmic granules which demonstrated metachromasia with special histochemical stains consistent with mast cell granules. Additionally, a subset of cases stained for mast cell-specific tryptase and c-kit demonstrated positive immunoreactivity. Eosinophilic infiltrates were moderate to marked in almost all cases. Lymph node and hepatic metastases were present in 66% of the cases. Treatment and clinical outcome was available in 25/50 cases. Twenty-three of these patients died or were euthanized within 2 months of initial diagnosis. This is the first case series to characterize a sclerosing variant of intestinal mast cell tumour in the cat which appears to have a high propensity for metastasis and a guarded prognosis.  相似文献   

10.
This study investigated the in vitro effect of Lactobacillus strains, a major group of probiotic lactic acid bacteria, on immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐ and antigen‐induced mast cell degranulation and subsequent gene expression. Bone marrow‐derived mast cells (BMMCs) from DBA/2 mice were cultured with heat‐killed Lactobacillus strains for 24 h. Some strains significantly inhibited IgE‐ and antigen‐induced β‐hexosaminidase release from BMMCs. Furthermore, Lactobacillus reuteri NBRC 15892, which exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity, significantly reduced the elevated interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐13, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and cyclooxygenase‐2 expression levels that was induced by 1–2 h of stimulation with IgE and antigens. The suppressive effect of NBRC 15892 strain on BMMC degranulation was significantly reduced in the presence of a toll‐like receptor (TLR)2‐neutralizing antibody. In addition, downregulation of cell surface FcεRIα expression was observed after 6 h of NBRC 15892 treatment. These results suggest that some Lactobacillus strains inhibited IgE‐mediated mast cell degranulation and subsequent late‐phase reactions involving mast cells via a TLR2‐dependent mechanism with FcεRIα downregulation.  相似文献   

11.
This report described the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) in six hedgehogs. The hedgehogs presented single cutaneous mass with ulcer and crusting. Histologically, the neoplastic lesions were characterized by the proliferation of well-differentiated mast cells (3 cases), and atypical mast cells (3 cases) with one atypical histiocytic morphology. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for KIT and mast cell tryptase, and were negative for Iba-1. In well-differentiated MCT, all patients were clinically improved and survived more than 365 days after surgical excision, whereas an atypical histiocytic MCT showed aggressive behavior with re-recurrence, and the animal died 115 days after surgery. These findings suggest that, compatible with other animals, well-differentiated MCT has a better prognosis in hedgehogs.  相似文献   

12.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the mucosal IgE network in dogs affected with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compare it with that for healthy dogs. ANIMALS: 9 healthy dogs and 20 dogs with IBD. PROCEDURE: In situ hybridization of mRNA specific for IgE and interleukin 4 (IL-4) and immunohistochemical analysis for IgE protein and 2 markers of mast cells (ie, tryptase and chymase) were performed on tissue sections obtained from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and lymph nodes of dogs. RESULTS: Dogs with IBD had significantly more cells positive for IgE protein and more mast cells in the GI mucosa than healthy dogs. Despite this significant increase in number of cells positive for IgE, cells positive for IgE mRNA were rarely detected in the GI mucosa; most cells positive for IgE mRNA were found in mesenteric lymph nodes. Signal pattern of IL-4 mRNA was similar to that of IgE mRNA. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The increased numbers of cells positive for IgE and mast cells in dogs with IBD suggest hypersensitivity such as hypersensitivity to bacterial or dietary-derived antigens in the intestinal lumen. Future studies need to elucidate whether this represents a cause of inflammation or is a result of the inflammatory process of IBD.  相似文献   

13.
The goal of this prospective pilot study was to use naturally occurring canine mast cell tumors of various grades and stages as a model for attempting to determine how glucose uptake and markers of biologic behavior are correlated. It was hypothesized that enhanced glucose uptake, as measured by 2‐[fluorine‐18]fluoro‐d ‐glucose‐positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F18 FDG PET‐CT), would correlate with histologic grade. Dogs were recruited for this study from a population referred for treatment of cytologically or histologically confirmed mast cell tumors. Patients were staged utilizing standard of care methods (abdominal ultrasound and three view thoracic radiographs), followed by a whole body F18 FDG PET‐CT. Results of the F18 FDG PET‐CT were analyzed for possible metastasis and standard uptake value maximum (SUVmax) of identified lesions. Incisional or excisional biopsies of the accessible mast cell tumors were obtained and histology performed. Results were then analyzed to look for a possible correlation between the grade of mast cell tumors and SUVmax. A total of nine animals were included in the sample. Findings indicated that there was a correlation between grade of mast cell tumors and SUVmax as determined by F18 FDG PET‐CT (p‐value = 0.073, significance ≤ 0.1). Based on the limited power of this study, it is felt that further research to examine the relationship between glucose utilization and biologic aggressiveness in canine mast cell tumors is warranted. This study was unable to show that F18 FDG PET‐CT was a better staging tool than standard of care methods.  相似文献   

14.
Among the intestinal tumors of hematopoietic cell origin, lymphoma is the most common in the dog. Herein, we characterized the clinical and pathologic features of 11 dogs (average age, 10.6 +/- 2.5 years) with T-cell lymphoma of the intestinal tract with eosinophil infiltrates. No sex predominance was apparent. All had localized tumor masses in the small intestine. Grossly, the intestinal wall was thickened, and the lumen of the affected intestine was usually narrowed. Microscopically, we observed transmural diffuse invasion of round to pleomorphic tumor cells. Tumor cells showed varying morphology, from scanty to abundant cytoplasm, and round to ovoid nuclei with scattered to dense chromatin. In seven of the dogs, tumor cells had infiltrated into the epithelium. All showed infiltration of eosinophils and all 11 tumors had a T-cell phenotype (CD3+, CD79-). Only one tumor stained positive for the mast cell marker c-kit and none was positive for mast cell tryptase. We did not observe ultrastructurally apparent granules in any of the tumor cells. These results suggest that, in dogs, T-cell lymphomas of intestinal origin resemble mast cell tumors of intestinal origin with respect to cell structure and eosinophil infiltration. Therefore, in the absence of epitheliotropism, it is difficult to confirm the differential diagnosis without immunostaining for mast cell and lymphocyte markers, including mast cell tryptase, c-kit, CD3, and CD79.  相似文献   

15.
It has been suggested but not proven that hypersensitivity type I reactions are involved in the pathogenesis of canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The main effector cells in type I hypersensitivity reactions are mast cells (MCs). Canine MCs, as human MCs, can be subdivided into three subtypes according to their content of mast cell-specific proteases: tryptase (MCT), chymase (MCC), or tryptase and chymase bearing MCs (MCTC). In this study, numbers and subsets of mast cells were investigated in biopsies from the gastrointestinal tract of dogs with histopathologically confirmed lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (LPE) (n = 4), lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis (LPC) (n = 1) and eosinophilic gastroenterocolitis (EGE) (n = 11). Paraffin sections of formalin-fixed samples from the stomach, small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) and colon were stained by using a metachromatic staining method (kresylecht-violet; KEV) and a combined enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical technique for chymase and tryptase. Additionally, immunohistochemistry with antibodies against T cells (CD3), macrophages (myeloid/histiocyte antigen) and IgA, IgG and IgM bearing cells was conducted. Quantitative evaluation of mast cells and semiquantitative scoring of immunohistochemically stained cells were performed. Between the two histopathologically defined groups clear differences concerning mast cell numbers were detected. In most affected intestinal tissue locations of dogs with LPE/LPC a decrease in metachromatically (kresylecht-violet) stained granule-containing MCs and immunohistochemically stained MCT,C,TC was found. This reduction could be due to mast cell degranulation, a T helper cell 1 dominated reaction pattern or a “thinning out” due to increasing T cells, IgA and IgG bearing cells. Dogs with EGE displayed higher variability in mast cell numbers but most of the affected large and small intestinal locations had increased numbers of MCs. In these cases, T cells, IgA bearing cells and macrophages also increased. Increased numbers of MCs and eosinophils seen in the intestinal mucosa of dogs with EGE could indicate the presence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction (T helper cell 2 pattern) in response to dietary antigens. Changes in cell numbers occurred also in unaffected locations of dogs with LPE/LPC and EGE which showed reduced MCT,C,TC, increased KEV positive cells and partially increased leucocytes and macrophages.  相似文献   

16.
Background – Recurrent urticaria (RU) is a common skin disease of horses, but little is known about its pathogenesis. Hypothesis/Objective – The aim of this study was to characterize the inflammatory cell infiltrate and cytokine expression pattern in the skin of horses with RU. Animals – Biopsies of lesional and nonlesional skin of horses with RU (n = 8) and of skin from healthy control horses (n = 8) were evaluated. Methods – The inflammatory cell infiltrate was analysed by routine histology. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify T cells (CD3), B cells (CD79), macrophages (MAC387) and mast cells (tryptase). Expression of T‐helper 2 cytokines (interleukins IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13), a T‐helper 1 cytokine (interferon‐γ), IL‐4 receptor α and thymic stromal lymphopoietin was assessed by quantitative RT‐PCR. Results – In subepidermal lesional skin of RU‐affected horses, increased numbers of eosinophils (P ≤ 0.01), CD79‐positive (P ≤ 0.01), MAC387‐positive (P ≤ 0.01) and tryptase‐positive cells (P ≤ 0.05) were found compared with healthy horses. Subepidermal lesional skin of RU‐affected horses contained more eosinophils (P ≤ 0.05) and tryptase‐positive cells (P ≤ 0.05) compared with nonlesional skin. There was no significant difference in infiltrating cells between nonlesional skin and skin of healthy horses. Expression of IL‐4 (P ≤ 0.01), IL‐13 (P ≤ 0.05), thymic stromal lymphopoietin (P ≤ 0.05) and IL‐4 receptor α (P ≤ 0.05) was increased in lesional skin of RU‐affected horses compared with control horses. Expression of IL‐4 was higher (P ≤ 0.05) in lesional compared with nonlesional RU skin. Conclusions and clinical importance – Analysis of cytokine expression and inflammatory infiltrate suggests that T‐helper 2 cytokines, eosinophils, mast cells and presumptive macrophages play a role in the pathogenesis of equine RU.  相似文献   

17.
Canine Merkel cell tumours are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms that show a relatively benign biological behaviour when compared with their human counterparts. To date, little information is available on their immunohistochemical properties. This report describes the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of two such tumours. The tumours’ immunoreactivity profile was studied with respect to different cellular molecules including chromogranin A (CGA), neurone‐specific enolase (NSE), S100 protein, c‐KIT, the cytokeratins (CKs) detected by pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3) antibodies (i.e. high molecular weight CKs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 14, 15 and 16, and low molecular weight CKs 7, 8 and 19) and three markers proposed to correlate with increased malignancy in human tumours: E‐cadherin, β‐catenin and p63 protein. In both lesions, tumour cells were positive for cytokeratins, CGA, NSE, S100 and c‐KIT. No immunostaining was observed for p63 protein, and there was no loss or change in E‐cadherin or β‐catenin immunoexpression. These results suggest that the generally benign behaviour of canine Merkel cell tumours, when compared with their human counterparts, may be partly explained by the conservation of important intercellular adhesion molecules such as E‐cadherin and β‐catenin. Additionally, expression of S100 but not of the p63 protein suggests that these canine tumours present a trend towards neural, rather than basal, epithelial differentiation and do not readily compare with human Merkel cell tumours.  相似文献   

18.
The distribution of cells containing lysozyme, S‐100 protein, CD3, CD4, CD8, major histocompatibility complex class II antigen and immunoglobulin G (IgG) was analysed in the bronchus‐associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) of goats naturally infected with three Mycoplasma species. This study included the immunohistochemical characterization of the pneumonic lesions of 18 goats (3–5 months old) infected with one of the following Mycoplasma species: M. mycoides ssp. mycoides, Large Colony type (goats no. 1–6), M. mycoides ssp. capri (goats no. 7–12) and M. capricolum ssp. capricolum (goats no. 13–18). Microscopically, infected animals showed a moderate bronchointerstitial pneumonia, characterized by lymphoid hyperplasia of the BALT and infiltration of mononuclear cells in the alveolar walls and airways. The main cellular type in the BALT was represented by CD3+ T lymphocytes, and the ratio of CD4+:CD8+ cells was >2. The BALT showed large germinal centres mainly composed of IgG+ B lymphocytes, with numerous S‐100+ follicular dendritic cells. The presence of follicular dendritic cells confirmed the high degree of organization of this lymphoid tissue. The immunohistochemical results showed that activated T lymphocytes, particularly in the CD4 subset, and IgG+ B cells, play a major role in the immune response of the caprine lung infected with these species of mycoplasmas.  相似文献   

19.
In this study, we investigated the effects of oral ingestion of Lactobacillus crispatus KT‐11 strain (KT‐11) on the immune response in an allergic rhinitis mouse model, ovalbumin (OVA)‐sensitized BALB/c mice. Sneezing activity in mice that were administered a KT‐11‐supplemented diet was significantly lower than that in mice administered a KT‐11‐free diet (control diet) at age 11 weeks. We found that serum OVA‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and total number of interleukin (IL)‐4+CD4+ spleen cells in mice that were administered a KT‐11‐supplemented diet were significantly lower than in mice administered a control diet. The ratio of spleen interferon‐γ+CD4+/IL‐4+CD4+ cells was higher in the mice administered the KT‐11‐supplemented diet compared to that in mice administered the control or L. rhamnosus GG‐supplemented diet. In contrast, the number of CD11b+CD80+ and FcεRIα+CD117+ cells was significantly lower in mice administered the KT‐11‐supplemented diet. These results suggested that KT‐11 reduced OVA‐induced allergic symptoms in BALB/c mice via the adjustment of the T helper type 1/T helper type 2 balance, and a decrease in the number of antigen‐presenting cells and high affinity IgE receptor‐positive mast cells.  相似文献   

20.
ENMD‐2076 is an aurora kinase inhibitor that also has multi‐target tyrosine kinase inhibitor properties. In this study, the mRNA and the protein expression of aurora‐A and aurora‐B were evaluated in three canine mast cell tumour cell lines. Dose‐dependent cytotoxicity was seen in the cells treated, and it affected the cell cycle with cells in the G2/M phase being selectively killed. The cells were also evaluated for radiosensitivity with/without ENMD‐2076, and radiosensitization was seen after 3 Gy and 6 Gy exposures with ENMD‐2076 for 48 h. Protein expression of caspase‐3 was gradually increased, and the expression intensity was highest at 24 h post irradiation in cells without ENMD‐2076 treatment, which indicates that radiation exposure with ENMD‐2076‐induced cell death faster than radiation treatment alone. Our study results suggest the potential usefulness of treating canine mast cell tumours with aurora kinase inhibitors alone or in conjunction with radiation therapy.  相似文献   

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