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1.
广西岑溪田间自然诱发稻瘟病圃的建立及水稻品系的抗瘟性评价 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了明确即将推广的水稻新品种对稻瘟病的抗感特性以及筛选一批抗性育种材料,在岑溪设立自然诱发病圃,对南方稻区国家水稻区试新品种、广西水稻区试新品种及部分水稻育种材料进行抗性鉴定。结果显示,参加国家区试、广西区试的1171个水稻新品种未有抗级以上的,中抗水平也只有极少数品种,大多数新品种都是感病或高感品种;11236份水稻育种材料表现高抗的有82份、抗级473份、中抗987份,筛选出一批抗性材料供抗病育种用。自然诱发病圃不仅可以用于推广品种的抗性监测,还可作为抗病育种筛选基地。 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2015,(8)
明确甘蔗栽培原种对黑顶柄锈菌的抗性水平,了解Bru1基因在甘蔗栽培原种资源中的分布状况,可以帮助筛选甘蔗原种抗源种质,提高抗褐锈病育种效率。本研究于2013年对中国国家甘蔗种质资源圃保存的34份甘蔗栽培原种进行苗期抗褐锈病鉴定和抗褐锈病基因Bru1的分子检测。苗期抗性鉴定结果表明,34份供试材料中,1级高抗至3级中抗的有26份,占76.5%。其中13份材料表现1级高抗,占38.2%,6份材料表现2级抗病,占17.6%,7份材料表现3级中抗,占20.6%。分子检测结果显示:34份供试材料中25份抗病材料含有抗褐锈病基因Bru1,出现频率为73.5%;其余1份抗病材料和8份感病材料不含抗褐锈病基因Bru1。本研究结果显示了中国国家甘蔗种质资源圃保存的甘蔗栽培原种资源中褐锈病抗性主要由Bru1控制,这一发现为利用Bru1防治由黑顶柄锈菌引起的甘蔗褐锈病提供了重要信息和参考依据。 相似文献
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摘 要：为了明确黑龙江省大豆种质资源的抗灰斑病情况，本研究于2019年在黑龙江省农科院佳木斯分院大豆灰斑病病圃内，采用孢子悬浮液人工喷雾接种鉴定方法在大豆R 3 ～R 4 阶段对黑龙江省2019年新育成的大豆新品系进行抗大豆灰斑病鉴定筛选研究，为抗病品种的审定提供理论依据。本研究共鉴定出18份高抗大豆灰斑病的品系，占供试材料的2.7%；抗病材料100份，占供试材料的15%；中抗材料458份，占供试材料的68.9%；感病和高感材料占供试材料的13.4%。结果表明特用豆的抗病材料比例明显低于普通品种。 相似文献
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2005-2006年对东北春麦区主要推广应用的54个品种（系）进行了抗秆锈病、白粉病和叶枯病鉴定。结果表明,在参鉴品种中,3份材料对白粉病表现抗病,占供试材料的6%;46份材料对秆锈病表现抗病,占供试材料的85%;11份材料对叶枯病表现中等抗病,占供试材料的20%。东北春麦区生产品种对秆锈病抗性表现较好,但也存在品种抗锈性下降的威胁;生产品种中普遍缺乏对白粉病的抗性,在育种中应加强新抗源的导入和应用;叶枯病发生普遍并且有逐年加重的趋势。针对以上情况,提出了解决办法。 相似文献
6.
采用大田品种诱发结合自然发病的方法,鉴定2020—2021年参加贵州省小麦区域试验的小麦品种（系）对锈病和白粉病的抗病性情况,分析11个品种对锈病和白粉病的抗性与表型性状的相关性,为评估区试小麦品种对锈病和白粉病的抗性及小麦白粉病和锈病抗性育种提供支持。在11个参加小麦区试材料中,表现为抗白粉病的有10个品种,占11份鉴定材料的90.91%,其中7个品种表现为免疫或高抗病性、3个品种表现为中抗病性;11个品种都表现为抗条锈病,占鉴定品种的100%,其中1个品种表现为免疫、9个品种表现为高抗、1个品种表现为中抗;11个品种都表现为抗叶锈病,占鉴定品种的100%,其中1个品种表现为完全免疫、6个品种表现为高抗、4个品种表现为中抗;在参加试验的11个品种中有10个品种对叶锈病、条锈病和白粉病均表现抗性,占鉴定品种的90.91%,11个区试小麦品种的抗病性存在较小差异。筛选鉴定出对3种病害表现高抗性的5个品种,分别为贵农麦1803、贵农麦20-1、黔1104、贵农19(CK)和贵农麦19-9,可作为抗病育种的优异备选材料。 相似文献
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野生大豆资源对灰斑病抗性鉴定与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
开展野生大豆资源对灰斑病抗性鉴定,旨在为拓宽大豆灰斑病抗病的新基因资源和鉴定新的抗病种质,用于抗灰斑病育种工作。在大豆生育阶段R3-R4时期对104份野生大豆材料进行人工接种灰斑病菌。结果表明：抗病材料有29份,占供试材料的27.9%;中抗材料有45份,占供试材料的43.3%;感病材料有30份,占供试材料的28.8%。用灰斑病菌多菌株接种于104份野生大豆材料进行抗病性指数测定,结果表明：有86份材料抗性指数较高,对不同来源的菌株均表现了一定的抗病性,这些材料可用于水平抗性育种工作。野生大豆资源中有丰富的抗灰斑病基因资源,即有单一抗性资源还有广谱抗性资源。 相似文献
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应用相对抗病性指数评价胡萝卜种质资源黑腐病抗性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究旨在建立胡萝卜苗期黑腐病品种抗病性鉴定方法,并筛选出胡萝卜黑腐病抗病种质资源。通过连续2年同一地块苗期人工喷雾接菌方法对胡萝卜种植资源进行胡萝卜黑腐病抗性鉴定,应用相对抗病性指数和聚类分析方法建立品种抗病性评价标准,对供试品种进行品种抗病性分析。依据相对抗病性指数进行聚类分析,确定胡萝卜黑腐病品种抗性类型划分标准为：高抗(HR),RRI≥1.4;抗病(R),1.1≤RRI＜1.4;中抗(MR),0.5≤RRI＜1.1;感病(S),0.1≤RRI＜0.5;高感(HS),RRI＜0.1。供试11个品种中高抗品种2个、抗性品种3个、中抗品种3个、感病品种1个、高感品种2个。试验建立了胡萝卜品种田间抗病性鉴定方法和评价标准,可为胡萝卜抗病育种研究和田间种植品种选择提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为了获得具有抗马铃薯晚疫病的品种,本研究以100份马铃薯种质资源为试材,采用室内离体叶片接种法和室内成株接种法进行晚疫病抗性评价,用高感品种Favorita接种后的症状为对照。室内离体接种鉴定结果为:‘CIP09-2’、‘CIP09-13’、‘DR-6’、‘DR-9’、‘花云’、‘R1R3’、‘云薯501’、‘R2’、‘BE13-3’等9份材料表现为高抗,占供试材料的9%;其它的15份表现中抗、44份表现抗病、23份表现感病和9份表现高感。欧氏距离类平均法聚类分析表明,聚为抗性品种的种质最多,其来源与马铃薯晚疫病的抗性没有太大关系。本研究对其中4份材料进行室内成株接种,结果表明:‘青薯10号’的抗病性高于离体叶片接种的抗性,为高抗品种;‘青薯9号’、‘2017ch-6’和‘费乌瑞它’抗性表现与离体叶片接种抗性鉴定结果一致。本研究发现所有供试马铃薯种质资源的抗性材料较丰富,可为抗病育种提供优质的亲本材料。 相似文献
11.
豌豆白粉病是由白粉菌（Erysiphe pisi D. C.）引起的豌豆最重要的病害之一,控制豌豆白粉病最经济有效且环保的方法是种植抗病品种。在温室条件下对400份豌豆种质资源进行白粉病抗性鉴定,同时利用7个与已知豌豆抗白粉病基因连锁的分子标记进行基因型鉴定。结果表明,在400份资源中,有8份表现免疫,3份表现抗病,5份表现抗感分离,其余384份均为感病;16份抗性资源中有10份来自于四川省中部不同纬度地区,其余6份为国外引进资源;7个分子标记将400份种质资源分为39个标记基因型,其中16份抗性资源分为7个标记基因型。上述抗性资源及其标记基因型可有效应用于豌豆白粉病抗性育种的研究中。 相似文献
12.
Search for novel genes for resistance to powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginae) in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary The current powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuligninea) resistant cucumber varieties suffer from leaf chlorosis during autumn, winter and early spring cultivation in the Netherlands. Therefore screening was carried out for novel powdery mildew resistance genes. From 177 accessions, derived from different sources, 108 accessions proved to be partially resistant to S. fuliginea. Crosses were made with 53 resistant accessions to distinguish the presence of novel genes. It is likely that the accessions C. sativus 2145, C. sativus LV 41, PI 188807, Vladivostokij, White and Yellow 1 have one or more recessive powdery mildew resistance genes, different from powdery mildew resistance genes of the line NPI, which was used for variety breeding. Powdery mildew resistance tests with S. fuliginea give similar results in different regions of the world.Abbreviations pmr
powdery mildew resistance 相似文献
13.
规模化定位小麦品种携带的抗白粉病基因对于抗病性种质创新和新品种选育具有重要的意义。本研究采用Illumina Infinium iSelect 90k SNP芯片结合集群分离分析法(bulked segregate analysis,BSA)对36个河南省小麦新品系携带的抗白粉病基因进行了定位。SNP芯片检测表明,在24个小麦品系构建的抗、感池DNA间可检测到一个明显富集的SNP峰,表明其可能携带单一主效抗白粉病基因;在其他12个小麦品系构建的抗、感池DNA间可检测到多个SNP峰,推测其可能含多个抗白粉病基因。有26个小麦品系在2AL染色体上检测到的SNP数目最多,推测其携带位于2AL染色体上的Pm4b抗白粉病基因。开发出与2AL染色体上抗白粉病基因紧密连锁的分子标记Xwggc116,可用于这些小麦品系中抗白粉病基因的分子检测。研究结果表明高通量SNP分析技术平台可以用来规模化定位小麦品种中的抗白粉病基因,明确了河南省抗白粉病小麦品系中携带Pm2、Pm4b、Pm21和新1BL/1RS易位等有限的抗白粉病基因,抗病基因资源非常狭窄,亟需引进新的多样化抗病基因资源,拓宽遗传基础,培育抗病小麦新品种。 相似文献
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Two-hundred and thirty-two accessions of barley landraces collected from Tunisia were screened for resistance to powdery mildew. A number of race-specific genes were detected using the detached leaf technique. Among the 232 accessions tested, 169 were susceptible to powdery mildew, 20 were resistant and 43 showed differential reactions to the three isolates of powdery mildew used. An attempt was made to determine the number of genes, the types of gene, the types of gene action and the gene loci in 20 resistant accessions. Three types of cross were made: (1) the accessions were crossed to the susceptible variety ‘Pallas’, (2) the accessions were crossed with ‘Pallas’ isolines, and (2) accessions with identical powdery mildew reaction patterns were intercrossed. Three isolates of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei were used: Bzm-1, KM 18-75, R13C. A number of different resistance genes were detected among the 19 resistant accessions. Surprisingly, segregation indicating single genes only were detected with the isolates used. Some of these genes could be associated with loci already known. In 19 cases a dominant and in one a recessive mode of inheritance was detected. The recessive gene was not located at the mlo locus. This investigation represents the first systematic study of race-specific genes for powdery mildew resistance in Tunisian landraces. The newly identified sources of resistance may be used in many strategies of breeding for disease resistance. 相似文献
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Screening of pea germplasm for resistance to powdery mildew 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J. C. Rana D. K. Banyal K. D. Sharma Manish K. Sharma S. K. Gupta Satish K. Yadav 《Euphytica》2013,189(2):271-282
Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe pisi DC results heavy losses in the yield and quality of pods and seeds of pea crop. Germplasm comprising 701 accessions of garden and field pea originating from 60 countries were screened for powdery mildew resistance under natural epiphytotic conditions and 64 accessions found resistant in field screening for 2?years at one location were further screened both in field at two locations and artificially in laboratory to four isolates. The information was also obtained on the amount of genetic diversity and agronomic superiority in resistant accessions. Fifty-seven accessions showed resistant reaction for 3 consecutive years in field screening but only 14 accessions originating from 10 countries showed resistant reaction in laboratory screening against the four most prevalent isolates of E. pisi collected from different places in the area of experiment. Germplasm lines showed both complete and incomplete levels of resistance and variable reactions to different isolates. There was sufficient genetic diversity and agronomic superiority in the resistant accessions e.g. EC598655, EC598878, EC598704, IC278261, and IC218988, which may serve as useful genetic material to plant breeders for breeding pea varieties for powdery mildew resistance and high yield. 相似文献
16.
Susana T. Leitão Nuno F. Almeida Ana Moral Diego Rubiales Maria Carlota Vaz Patto 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(6):654-657
Portugal has a diverse common bean germplasm, which is still grown in farmers' fields. In this work, we searched for resistance to rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe diffusa) in a representative collection of the Portuguese common bean germplasm. Despite many accessions depicting intermediate levels of resistance when compared to the susceptible check, 24 and 13 accessions showed low levels of infection, in spite of a compatible interaction (disease severity (DS) values lower than 5% and infection type (IT) of 4), to rust and powdery mildew, respectively, indicative of partial resistance. Moreover, a resistant reaction was observed in 11 accessions when inoculated with powdery mildew (IT = 0–1) and in additional 11 accessions (one in common) when inoculated with rust (IT = 0–2). The levels of resistance found in this report anticipate great potential of the Portuguese national germplasm, recently reported as genetically closer to the Andean common bean gene pool, for disease resistance breeding of this important crop. 相似文献
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豌豆抗白粉病资源筛选及分子鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
由豌豆白粉菌引起的白粉病是豌豆生产上的重要病害,利用抗病品种是防治该病害最经济有效的方法。本研究在控制条件下苗期接种鉴定了396份豌豆资源对2个不同地理来源的豌豆白粉病菌分离物EPBJ和EPYN的抗性,用4个与豌豆抗白粉病基因er1连锁的SCAR标记对66份免疫或抗病资源进行标记基因型鉴定。结果表明,在鉴定的396份资源中,有101份资源表现免疫或抗病,其中对分离物EPBJ和EPYN免疫的资源分别为59份(14.9%)和60份(15.2%),对2个分离物均免疫的资源有54份(13.6%);在鉴定的82份中国资源中,有8份对2个分离物均表现免疫。分子标记将66份免疫或抗病资源鉴定为13个标记基因型,同一地理来源的抗性资源分属不同的标记基因型,其中8份来自中国云南的抗性资源分属7个标记基因型。研究表明,中国存在有效的豌豆白粉病抗源,抗性资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。 相似文献
19.
C. Silvar A. M. Casas D. Kopahnke A. Habekuß G. Schweizer M. P. Gracia J. M. Lasa F. J. Ciudad J. L. Molina-Cano E. Igartua F. Ordon 《Plant Breeding》2010,129(1):45-52
The Spanish Barley Core Collection comprises 159 landrace-derived inbred lines and 16 cultivars adapted to Southern European conditions. The collection was screened for resistance to powdery mildew ( Blumeria graminis ), scald ( Rhynchosporium secalis ), leaf rust ( Puccinia hordei ), net blotch ( Pyrenophora teres f. teres ), Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV). Resistance to powdery mildew was outstanding, with 58 lines presenting mean overall resistance, among them seven landrace-derived lines resistant to all seven isolates tested. About 26% of the Spanish lines were resistant to scald. Resistance to leaf rust and to net blotch was scarce, though a few accessions showed resistance levels as good as the checks. Thirteen accessions (12 Spanish) were totally resistant to BaMMV and c. 20% of accessions showed moderate tolerance to BYDV. Landrace-derived lines from the Mediterranean Coast and Southern regions of Spain were the most resistant to powdery mildew and leaf rust, but the most susceptible to viruses. Potential sources of resistance might be preserved in some accessions subjected to selective pressure in the region of origin. 相似文献
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过氧化物酶同工酶电泳技术在冬小麦抗白粉病鉴定中的应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
通过对１４个抗白粉病、２３个感白粉病的冬小麦品种、品系功能叶过氧化物酶同工酶分析证明，由于对白粉病反应不同，在拔节至抽穗期，抗、感品种功能叶的过氧化物酶酶谱有明显差别，据此可以对田间大量育种材料进行早期预测，以防使用感病材料接种花药和进行杂交。用叶片同工酶鉴定抗病性，不影响植株生长发育，可与育种试验同时进行，是一种简便易行的鉴定方法。 相似文献