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1.
退火对掺铟氧化锌薄膜结构及光学性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用溶胶-凝胶法在石英衬底上制备掺铟氧化锌薄膜,研究不同退火温度对薄膜结构及发光性能的影响.结果表明,掺铟氧化锌薄膜仍为六角纤锌矿结构的ZnO相,在大于450 nm的波段薄膜样品的透射率都较高;随着退火温度的升高,透射率先增后减,600℃时达到最大;薄膜样品的光学带隙都小于纯ZnO的理论值(3.37 eV),且随退火温度的升高呈先减后增趋势;样品的结晶度与发光强度随着退火温度的升高而增强. 相似文献
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以二水合乙酸锌和四水合乙酸镁为主要原料,石英玻璃为基片,采用溶胶—凝胶法结合旋涂工艺制备Zn1-xMgxO薄膜(x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3).用XRD和分光光度计分别测量薄膜的晶体结构和透射光谱,并对所得谱线进行分析.XRD分析表明,所制备的薄膜仍保持氧化锌的六角纤锌矿结构,未发现形成MgO杂相;Zn0.7Mg0.3O薄膜沿(002)晶面具有一定的择优取向,Mg2+离子替代Zn2+离子进入ZnO晶格,使晶格常数发生变化;随Mg2+离子掺杂浓度的增加,系列样品(002)晶面衍射峰半高宽增大,平均晶粒尺寸递减,(002)晶面的晶面间距略微减小.透射光谱分析表明,随掺杂浓度增高,薄膜在可见光区域内的透光率增大,光学带隙依次增大. 相似文献
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采用河南农业大学设计的电热式温湿自控密集烤烟箱,研究了淀粉透光率、淀粉含量和结构在烘烤中的变化特征。结果表明：烟草淀粉透光率在烘烤过程中的不同时段（12,24,36,60,72,95,125h）整体上是随着测试温度的升高而上升,在70℃以后显著升高,直到95℃透光率值接近100%;不同测试温度的淀粉透光率与淀粉含量之间均呈现负相关,在干筋阶段（95-125h）,各测试温度淀粉透光率均显著升高至最大值;烟草淀粉颗粒的结构与烟草的透光率等淀粉理化性质有一定的密切关系。烟叶淀粉透光率变化规律和颗粒结构变化的研究结果,可为烟叶在烘烤工艺上的优化提供参考。 相似文献
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不同生物降解地膜对大蒜产量的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以大蒜为试材,研究了4种不同降解地膜的物理性能和降解特性,并测定了蒜头产量和生物产量。结果表明,4种生物降解地膜物理性能和降解期存在显著差异,这些差异对大蒜的生物产量和蒜头产量有显著影响。SND1、SND2两种地膜降解速度较快,降解期不能满足大蒜的需要,大蒜产量比对照低。SND3尽管在大蒜收获前未出现明显降解,但透光率较低、雾度较高,其产量比对照显著降低;SND4在大蒜收获前未出现明显降解,且透光率和雾度与对照接近,产量略高于对照,表明选择功能期满足需要、透光率和雾度适宜的降解地膜,可以实现降解与功能的同步,不仅利于增产,而且可通过降解减少对环境的不良影响。 相似文献
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Maliszewskyj NC Heiney PA Josefowicz JY McCauley JP Smith AB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1994,264(5155):77-79
Thin films of disk-shaped molecules are expected to display anisotropic optical and transport properties, leading to applications in optical display or sensor technologies. Bilayer Langmuir-Blodgett films of monomeric triphenylene mesogens have been studied by atomic force microscopy. The triphenylene cores of the constituent molecules tend to promote the formation of columnar structures in the plane of the substrate and along the direction of deposition of the film. Atomic force microscopy images of bilayer Langmuir-Blodgett films revealed two types of structure, one corresponding to an aligned columnar structure and the other to an unusual square lattice, which may result from the superposition of columnar structures in adjacent layers that intersect at near right angles. Annealing such bilayers near the melting point of the bulk compound improved the structural ordering by reducing the angular spread of orientations associated with the well-developed columnar structure in some areas and by producing a more distinct square lattice in other areas of the sample. 相似文献
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We fabricated transferable gallium nitride (GaN) thin films and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using graphene-layered sheets. Heteroepitaxial nitride thin films were grown on graphene layers by using high-density, vertically aligned zinc oxide nanowalls as an intermediate layer. The nitride thin films on graphene layers show excellent optical characteristics at room temperature, such as stimulated emission. As one of the examples for device applications, LEDs that emit strong electroluminescence emission under room illumination were fabricated. Furthermore, the layered structure of a graphene substrate made it possible to easily transfer GaN thin films and GaN-based LEDs onto foreign substrates such as glass, metal, or plastic. 相似文献
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半纤维素是木质纤维的主要组分之一,但其潜在应用价值远没有得到开发和利用。以毛竹季铵盐半纤维素为原料与羧甲基纤维素通过流延法制备复合膜材料。FT-IR、XRD结果表明,复合膜制备中无新键形成,QH与CMC主要通过氢键和静电吸引结合;由SEM及AFM可知,复合膜表面光滑、结构致密,说明这两种高分子通过这种物理方式结合紧密;复合膜抗拉强度随着CMC的比例增加而增加,且最大值可达65.2MPa。通过UV-vis测试,复合膜透光率均高于80%。由于复合膜具有良好的力学性能和透光率,制备过程工艺简单,并且两种生物质大分子具有生物相容性,因此,复合膜可用于食品包装领域,并为生物质木质纤维的利用开拓新的途径。 相似文献
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不同PE材料遮光下血橙转色期果皮花色苷合成及其相关基因的表达分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用不同透光率的PE袋对转色期血橙果实进行遮光试验,测定了不同遮光处理下血橙果皮总花色苷的动态含量和血橙果皮中12个花色苷合成相关基因的动态表达,深入探究光照与血橙果皮花色苷着色之间的关系,以期为改善生产中血橙果面着色不良问题提供解决思路。结果表明:血橙果实经过PE袋遮光后,果皮在着色时间、着色面积和着色程度上均受到阻碍,阻碍程度与PE袋的透光率相关,遮光促进了血橙果面亮度的增加。自然光照下,8个结构基因GST、ANS、CHS、DFR、F3H、UFGT、PAL、4CL和2个调节基因Ruby、MYBF1在转色期间的表达量快速增加,而不同程度的遮光阻碍了其表达,阻碍程度与PE袋的透光率相关,推测这10个基因属于血橙果皮花色苷合成受光调控的关键基因。将遮光后果皮总花色苷动态含量、关键基因的动态表达量与对应的PE袋透光数据进行综合分析,可以推测光照中调控血橙果皮花色苷合成的可能是其中的UVB、UVC紫外光。根据相关基因的动态测定结果,推测血橙果皮花色苷合成的关键时期在花后249 d开始出现,为保证外观品质,血橙采摘在花后249 d之后进行较为适宜。为预防血橙冬季落果,生产上通常采用冬季树体覆膜技术保果,为减少覆膜对血橙果面花色苷着色的影响,应选用透明PE膜或其他紫外线透过率较高的膜。 相似文献
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Applications of zeolite films benefit from alignment of the integrated channels, but methods for film growth have nearly always introduced orientational randomization in the direction normal to the substrate. We now report facile methods to grow silicalite-1 films and pure silica beta zeolite films on substrates with straight or sinusoidal channels positioned uniformly upright at a thickness of up to 8 micrometers. Precise gel compositions and processing temperatures are critical to promote secondary growth on pre-formed oriented crystal monolayers while suppressing self-crystallization in the bulk medium. Preliminary results highlight the potential of these uniformly oriented films in the nonlinear optical response and separation of xylene isomers. 相似文献
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Prinz GA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,250(4984):1092-1097
Ultrahigh-vacuum growth techniques are now being used to grow single-crystal films of magnetic materials. These growth procedures, carried out in the same molecular beam epitaxy systems commonly used for the growth of semiconductor films, have yielded a variety of new materials and structures that may prove useful for integrated electronics and integrated optical device applications. Examples are given for growth on GaAs and ZnSe, including magnetic sandwiches and patterned structures. 相似文献
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研究了发酵作用对茶汤冷后浑的影响,冷后浑形成量随发酵时间呈抛物线形变化并且取决于发酵基质,鲜叶和干绿茶发酵3h时,冷后浑出现最大值,茶汤透光度的变化与冷后浑形成量相反.发酵过程中冷后浑粒子粒度呈下降趋势,某些非儿茶素类物质在红茶冷后浑形成中起重要作用,而且其溶出量随提取温度升高而增加,在低温中冲泡时溶出量少. 相似文献
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基于水果光特性的无损检测和分级技术正越来越广泛地应用于水果的产后加工和质量评判中.本文介绍了水果内部品质光学特性检测原理及检测系统组成,分析了规则反射、透射和漫反射3种光特性测量方法在水果内部品质检测中的优缺点,并阐述了水果的糖度、酸度、硬度等内部品质光特性无损检测的国内外最新研究进展和应用前景. 相似文献
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Transform faults appear in the process of stretching during freezing of the surface films on liquid wax. These films are composed of a warp yarn of wax fibers with optical anisotropy. This fabric is absent in materials that fail to produce transform faults. The mechanical anisotropy of these wax films (with high tensile strength and low shear strength in the direction of spreading) is responsible for the initiation of the transform faults. It is suggested that the anisotropy of the ocean upper mantle recorded seismically may likewise be responsible for the creation of the ridge-ridge transform faults in the oceans. 相似文献
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[目的]测定不同卷叶性状的水稻(Oryza sativa L.)叶片的透光率,并分析不同透光率对产量性状的影响。[方法]用构建的水稻卷叶近等基因系B6C1和B5C2回交得到B6C2,对B6C2群体进行透光率及产量性状的测定。[结果]在晴天条件下,不同卷叶性状的水稻叶片透光率的变化趋势基本一致:不同生育时期透光率的变化为分蘖期收割期始穗期,即随着生育时期的推进透光率先降低然后升高。在阴天条件下,透光率随不同生育时期的推进逐渐减小。总体上,相同生育时期和相同天气类型下,卷叶叶片的透光率均大于平叶叶片。[结论]透光率变大提高了水稻群体的受光效率,使卷叶植株的干物质积累大于平叶,是水稻增产的重要发展方向。 相似文献
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Berman A Ahn DJ Lio A Salmeron M Reichert A Charych D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1995,269(5223):515-518
Biological matrices can direct the absolute alignment of inorganic crystals such as calcite. Cooperative effects at an organic-inorganic interface resulted in similar co-alignment of calcite at polymeric Langmuir-Schaefer films of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (p-PDA). The films nucleated calcite at the (012) face, and the crystals were co-aligned with respect to the polymer's conjugated backbone. At the same time, the p-PDA alkyl side chains reorganized to optimize the stereochemical fit to the calcite structure, as visualized by changes in the optical spectrum of the polymer. These results indicate the kinds of interactions that may occur in biological systems where large arrays of crystals are co-aligned. 相似文献
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针对空气浮尘造成植物叶片图像颜色失真、细节信息模糊问题,采用一种基于光学成像模型的灰尘去除算法,对退化叶片图像颜色进行恢复。首先根据灰尘颗粒对光线的反射和散射特性,建立叶片图像退化模型;然后利用有尘黑卡对光谱的反射特性计算出灰尘的反射率,在此基础上结合暗元原理和小波变换估计出入射光强及透射率2个模型参数。采用色卡和葡萄叶片图像测试算法的有效性。试验结果表明:本研究算法对叶片颜色有较好的恢复效果,复原后图像a、b分量(CIE Lab颜色模型)的平均绝对误差显著降低,有效地提高了图像的对比度和清晰度。试验还表明,本研究算法对不同天气和照明条件、不同品种的葡萄叶片图像均有较好的颜色恢复效果。 相似文献
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分光光度法快速测算公猪精子密度的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了建立分光光度法测定猪精子密度的标准方法,比较了不同波长(450、550、650 nm)下吸光度(A)、透射比(T)与精子密度(C)的关系。吸光度的检测上限随波长的增加而上升,分别为2.016亿/mL(450 nm)、2.24亿/mL(550 nm)和2.35亿/mL(650 nm),但重复测定的稳定性下降。透射比的观测值随稀释倍数增加,重复测定的稳定性降低,当稀释倍数大于10倍(450 nm)、6倍(550 nm)、4倍(650 nm)时重复测定的观察值之间开始出现差异。试验结果表明,450 nm为最适检测波长,猪精子密度与吸光度、透射比分别呈三次函数和幂函数回归关系,回归方程分别为:C450=0.48A3-0.76A2+0.67A-0.066(R=0.951)和C450=1.657T-0.1068(R=0.940)。 相似文献