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1.
测定西北农林科技大学教学试验农场种猪场健康、繁殖正常的147头长白母猪的窝产活仔猪数（X）、初生窝重（Y1）、断奶窝重（Y2），分别按照窝产活仔猪数分组进行方差分析和性状间的相关回归分析。结果表明：组间差异均呈极显著（P〈0．01），初生窝重的多重比较在窝产活仔猪数为8头和9头，10头和11头，11头和12头之间差异均不显著，其余各组之间差异显著或极显著：断奶窝重在窝产活仔猪数为10、11、12头之间差异均不显著，其余各组之间差异均呈显著或极显著。对窝产活仔猪数（X）与初生窝重（Y1）、断奶窝重（Y2）进行相关分析，其相关系数均达到极显著（P〈0．01）水平。经分析得出窝产活仔猪数在10～12头之间可取得最佳经济效益。 相似文献
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3.
为了研究窝产活仔数对仔猪初生重及断奶重的影响,试验在某国家生猪标准化示范场分别选择窝产活仔数为9~13头仔猪的6窝,共计30窝330头哺乳仔猪,分别测定初生重、断奶头数及21日龄断奶重,并对窝产活仔数进行方差及相关性分析。结果表明：初生重除9头组与11,12,13头组间差异显著外（P〈0.05）,其他各组间均差异不显著（P〉0.05）;断奶重除9头组与11,12,13头组及10头组与12,13头组间差异显著外（P〈0.05）,其他各组间均差异不显著（P〉0.05）。窝产活仔数与初生重及断奶重均呈极强负相关（R=-0.587,-0.734,P〈0.01）。说明当窝产活仔数从9~13头逐渐升高时,初生重及断奶重有呈下降的趋势,且有较强的相关性。 相似文献
4.
以311窝长大母猪所产的3 148头仔猪为研究对象,探讨窝产活仔数对初生重、28日龄断奶重及哺育率的影响。结果表明,随着窝产活仔数的增加,仔猪初生窝重、28日龄断奶窝重增加,而初生个体重、哺育率降低。相近窝产活仔数间的初生重、28日龄断奶重、哺育率差异不显著(P>0.05),而不同梯度间差异极显著(P<0.01)。窝产活仔数与初生窝重、28日龄断奶窝重均成极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.739和0.525;与初生窝均重成显著负相关,相关系数为-0.344;与28日龄断奶个体重成极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.351;与28日龄哺育率成极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.363。本试验条件下,窝产活仔数在10~11头之间可以取得较高的经济效益。 相似文献
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为研究猪窝产活仔数与初生仔猪个体重对21日龄早期断奶仔猪个体重及成活率的相关性,特选择一大型规模猪场2～6胎母猪在1个月内所产的118窝计1350头仔猪作为试验对象,要求所有初生仔猪均由亲本母猪带仔哺乳,且按窝产活仔数不同（6～17头）分组测定仔猪初生个体重和21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重,并观察断奶成活率,同时对其相关性状作方差及回归分析。结果表明,不同组间初生仔猪窝个体均重和21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重及断奶成活率差异显著（P〈0．05）;窝产活仔数对初生仔猪窝个体均重和21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重及断奶成活率呈极显著的负相关（R=-0．802、-0．851、-0．698,P〈0．01）;初生仔猪窝个体均重对21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重及断奶成活率呈极显著的正相关（R=0．837、0．741,P〈0．01）。试验结果表明,窝产活仔数越多,初生仔猪个体就越小,早期断奶也越轻,成活率也低;初生仔猪个体越大,早期断奶就越重,成活率也越高。只要通过科学合理的方法,适当控制猪窝产活仔数并提高初生仔猪个体重,能有效提高早期断奶仔猪的生长速度,并可获得更好的经济效益。 相似文献
6.
《养猪》2015,(6)
以262窝PIC母猪所产的2 396头仔猪为研究对象,探讨窝产活仔数对仔猪初生重、28日龄断奶重及断奶成活率的影响。结果表明,随着窝产活仔数的增加,仔猪初生窝重、28日龄断奶窝重增加,断奶成活率降低。不同窝产活仔数间的初生窝重差异极显著(P0.01),窝产活仔数9~11头间的断奶窝重差异不显著,但极显著大于窝产活仔数6、7头(P0.01),断奶成活率以窝产活仔数6~11头较好(90%以上);不同窝产活仔数间的初生个体重差异不显著(P0.05),窝产活仔数6~10头间的断奶个体重差异不显著(P0.05),极显著大于窝产活仔数11头和12头(P0.01)。窝产活仔数与初生窝重、28日龄断奶窝重呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.917和0.589;与初生个体重呈负相关,相关系数为-0.105;与28日龄断奶个体重及28日龄断奶成活率呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.417和-0.581。本试验条件下,窝产活仔数在10~11头之间可以取得较好的经济效益。 相似文献
7.
研究了下(土布)猪场瘦肉型猪1990年6～10月份的277窝,2974头仔猪资料,计算了初生产活仔数、个体重,30日龄活仔头数、个体重以及60日龄窝重等性状之间的简单相关系数、偏相关系数,并以60日龄窝重为依变量,其余性状为自变量,建立了逐步回归方程。结果表明,初生产活仔数、个体重,30日龄活仔数、个体重与60日龄窝重呈正相关,其中,30日龄头数、个体重与60日龄窝重呈强正相关。欲提高60日龄窝重,必须在提高初生产活仔数和个体重的基础上,着重抓好初生至30日龄阶段仔猪的培育。 60日龄窝重是母猪繁殖性能好坏的一项重要综合经济技术指标。60日龄窝重大,往往表示母猪产活仔数多,泌乳力强,哺育率高;同时,60日龄窝重高,则60日龄个体大,表明仔猪生活力强,体质健康,以此仔猪进行肥育饲养,就会生长快,在较短时间内,消耗最少的饲料和人工。生产出品质优良的猪肉,从而获得最佳的经济效益。因此,60日龄窝重大小在养猪业中具有重要意义。本文试图通过对60日龄窝重与初生产活仔数、个体重,30日龄活仔数、个体重等繁殖性状间的相关情况的研究,找出影响60日龄窝重的主要因素,以便为改进猪的饲养管理工作及为早期选择提供理论依据。 相似文献
8.
为研究猪窝产活仔数与初生仔猪个体重对21日龄早期断奶仔猪个体重及成活率的相关性,特选择一大型规模猪场2~6胎母猪在1个月内所产的118窝计1350头仔猪作为试验对象,要求所有初生仔猪均由亲本母猪带仔哺乳,且按窝产活仔数不同(6~17头)分组测定仔猪初生个体重和21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重,并观察断奶成活率,同时对其相关性状作方差及回归分析。结果表明,不同组间初生仔猪窝个体均重和21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重及断奶成活率差异显著(P0.05);窝产活仔数对初生仔猪窝个体均重和21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重及断奶成活率呈极显著的负相关(R=-0.802、-0.851、-0.698,P0.01);初生仔猪窝个体均重对21日龄早期断奶仔猪窝个体均重及断奶成活率呈极显著的正相关(R=0.837、0.741,P0.01)。试验结果表明,窝产活仔数越多,初生仔猪个体就越小,早期断奶也越轻,成活率也低;初生仔猪个体越大,早期断奶就越重,成活率也越高。只要通过科学合理的方法,适当控制猪窝产活仔数并提高初生仔猪个体重,能有效提高早期断奶仔猪的生长速度,并可获得更好的经济效益。 相似文献
9.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2014,(22)
为了研究窝产活仔数对仔猪初生重及断奶重的影响,试验在某国家生猪标准化示范场分别选择窝产活仔数为9~13头仔猪的6窝,共计30窝330头哺乳仔猪,分别测定初生重、断奶头数及21日龄断奶重,并对窝产活仔数进行方差及相关性分析。结果表明:初生重除9头组与11,12,13头组间差异显著外(P0.05),其他各组间均差异不显著(P0.05);断奶重除9头组与11,12,13头组及10头组与12,13头组间差异显著外(P0.05),其他各组间均差异不显著(P0.05)。窝产活仔数与初生重及断奶重均呈极强负相关(R=-0.587,-0.734,P0.01)。说明当窝产活仔数从9~13头逐渐升高时,初生重及断奶重有呈下降的趋势,且有较强的相关性。 相似文献
10.
《养猪》2020,(5)
为了研究胎次、配种季节和分娩季节对宁乡猪繁殖性能的影响,试验选取1～16胎次宁乡猪母猪3 259窝的生产资料,分析了不同胎次、配种季节、分娩季节对宁乡猪总产仔数、活仔数、育成率、个体重、窝重等繁殖性状的影响。结果表明,胎次、配种季节、分娩季节对宁乡猪母猪繁殖性能均有显著影响(P0.05)。不同胎次母猪产仔性能表现为先增加再稳定后逐步降低的趋势,初生活仔数、21日龄和35日龄活仔数均以第7胎次最高、第16胎次最低,组间差异显著(P0.05);第3、4、5胎次初生窝重分别为9.32 kg、9.42 kg、9.40 kg,显著高于第1、13、16胎次;第9、10胎次21日龄窝重分别为33.42 kg、33.17 kg,显著高于第1～5、13、15、16胎次(P0.05),表明宁乡猪母猪3～9胎次为整个生产胎次的黄金时期。冬季配种组的初生活仔数、21日龄活仔数、35日龄活仔数、21日龄个体重、35日龄个体重、初生窝重、21日龄窝重、35日龄窝重分别为9.45头、8.97头、8.91头、3.44 kg、6.16 kg、9.10 kg、30.59 kg、54.88 kg,显著高于春、夏、秋季配种组(P0.05);春季分娩组的35日龄活仔数、21日龄个体重、35日龄个体重、21日龄窝重、35日龄窝重8.79头、3.44 kg、6.02 kg、30.52 kg、52.92 kg,显著高于其他3组(P0.05),表明冬配春生的母猪会表现出相对更好的繁殖性能。 相似文献
11.
为讨论羔羊自身因素与其超排后卵母细胞数量的关系,选取6～8周龄的健康杜晋绵羊（杜泊羊（o）×晋中绵羊♀）母羔31只,进行超数排卵,手术法收集卵母细胞,统计其卵母细胞数量,分析其与全同胞羔羊数、初生重、超排时体重的相关性.结果表明：全同胞羔羊数与卵母细胞数量呈极显著负相关（P＜0.01）,初生重与卵母细胞数量呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01）;超排时体重与卵母细胞数量相关不显著（P＞0.05）.全同胞羔羊数和初生重是羔羊超排卵母细胞数量的影响因素,但仍需进一步增加羔羊数量来验证. 相似文献
12.
母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度对产仔性能和胎盘脂质氧化代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在探讨母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度对产仔性能和胎盘脂质氧化代谢的影响,以探索母猪妊娠期脂肪沉积与繁殖性能的关系。本试验度量了846头经产大白母猪妊娠第109天时的背膘厚度,并分为3组,背膘厚度≤18 mm的为第1组(母猪192头),背膘厚度为19~22 mm的为第2组(母猪265头),背膘厚度≥23 mm的为第3组(母猪389头)。记录母猪分娩后的产仔性能,测定胎盘组织中脂质、氧化产物水平及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明:1)尽管母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度对总产仔数、产活仔数及木乃伊数无显著影响(P0.05),但显著影响了死胎数、初生窝重、初生头重和胎盘效率(P0.05)。其中,第2组的初生头重、初生窝重及胎盘效率显著高于其他2组(P0.05);第2组的死胎数显著低于第1组(P0.05),与第3组差异不显著(P0.05)。值得注意的是,母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度显著影响每窝初生重≤0.9 kg的仔猪数和每窝初生重≤1.0 kg的仔猪数(P0.05),第3组的每窝初生重≤0.9 kg的仔猪数和每窝初生重≤1.0 kg的仔猪数均显著高于其他2组(P0.05)。2)在第3组的胎盘组织中,不仅甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及游离脂肪酸(FFA)的水平显著高于其他2组(P0.05),而且丙二醛(MDA)和活性氧(ROS)水平也显著高于其他2组(P0.05),同时超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著低于其他2组(P0.05)。3)妊娠末期母猪胎盘组织中ROS水平与总产仔数、初生窝重及胎盘效率呈显著负相关(P0.05),而MDA水平与总产仔数呈显著负相关(P0.05)。由此可知,母猪妊娠末期背膘厚度与产仔性能密切相关。妊娠末期维持背膘厚度在19~22 mm,母猪可获得较高的产仔性能;背膘厚度≤18 mm时,会增加死胎数;而背膘厚度≥23 mm时,会引起胎盘组织中脂质过度沉积,从而加剧胎盘氧化应激的发生。 相似文献
13.
The pregnancy rate and the subsequent litter size were studied in 332 Swedish Yorkshire primiparous sows, fed according to a commercial Swedish feeding regime during lactation. The sows were weighed and backfat depth was recorded at the first farrowing, at weaning, and at mating. Oestrous detection was performed once daily after weaning, and the interval from weaning to first oestrus (IWO) was recorded. Blood samples for determination of plasma progesterone were drawn regularly after the first weaning. Statistical analyses were only performed on sows with an IWO of 3-8 days. Of these 206 sows were mated on their first (OE1 sows) and 87 sows on their second (87 OE2 sows) oestrus after weaning.The pregnancy rate was 85.4% for OE1 sows and 75.9% for OE2 sows (p=0.048). There was no significant difference in pregnancy rate between OE1 sows with an IWO of 3-5 days and OE1 sows with an interval of 6-8 days. OE2 sows with an IWO of 6-8 days, on the other hand, had a significantly lower pregnancy rate compared with OE2 sows with an interval of 3-5 days. The pregnancy rate in sows that lost more than 30 kg during the first lactation period did not differ from that of sows losing less than 30 kg. In sows with a first litter size of more than 9 piglets alive at birth, the pregnancy rate decreases significantly if mating is delayed until the second oestrus after weaning.OE2 sows had a significantly larger second litter size at birth than OE1 sows (+ 2.0). The litter size at six weeks did not, on the other hand, differ significantly (+ 0.4). There was a positive correlation between the IWO and 2nd litter size, although significant only for OE1 sows between the IWO and litter size alive at birth. In the OE1 group, sows losing 20 kg or less during lactation had significantly larger second litters at birth than the sows losing 21-30 kg, but not significantly larger than the sows losing more than 30 kg. One piglet more, at birth, in the first litter resulted in 0.25 piglet more in the second litter. For sows with a large first litter there was a low probability of also having a large second litter. 相似文献
14.
Wittenburg D Guiard V Teuscher F Reinsch N 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2011,128(1):35-43
Reduction in the variability of piglet birth weight within litter and increased piglet survival are key objective in schemes aiming to improve sow prolificacy. In previous studies, variation in birth weight was described by the sample standard deviation of birth weights within one litter, and the genetic impact has been proved. In this study, we additionally considered the sex effect on piglet's birth weight and on its variability. The sample variance of birth weights per litter separated by sex was assigned as a trait of the sow. Different transformations of the trait were fitted by linear and generalized linear mixed models. Based on 1111 litters from Landrace sows, the estimates of heritability for the different measures ranged from 11 to 12%. We analysed the influence of including birth weight of stillborn piglets on the variability of birth weight within litter. With omitted stillborns, the heritability was estimated approximately 2% higher than that in investigations of all born piglets, and the impact of sex on birth weight variability was increased. Because the proportion of intrapartum deaths is rather high, it is recommended to consider the total number of piglets born per litter when analysing birth weight variation. 相似文献
15.
H Van Den Brand LCM Van Enckevort EM Van Der Hoeven B Kemp 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(6):884-888
Effects of dextrose plus lactose in sow’s feed were tested on subsequent reproductive performance and within litter birth weight variation. During the last week of gestation and lactation, sows were either fed a commercial lactation diet (Control: C), or an isocaloric diet containing 25 g/kg dextrose plus 25 g/kg lactose (Treatment: T). In the subsequent weaning‐to‐oestrus interval (WEI), all sows received the same amount of a commercial feed, but T sows were supplemented with 150 g dextrose plus 150 g lactose per day. Weight and backfat changes were recorded as well as litter characteristics during the treatment period and the subsequent parity. No significant effect of treatment was found on the subsequent reproductive performance, including the number of piglets born, although the number of live born piglets was 0.51 larger (p = 0.31) and weight of the live born piglets was 84 g higher in the T sows (p = 0.07) than in the C sows. When sows were categorized in sows with 12 or less and more than 12 total born piglets in the previous litter, treatment of sows with dextrose plus lactose resulted for the group with 12 or less piglets in a strong increase in subsequent total born piglets (13.97), whereas in the untreated sows the subsequent litter size was 11.89. In the group with more than 12 total born piglets, no effect of treatment was found (interaction between previous litter size and treatment p = 0.03). The within litter variation in birth weight in the subsequent litter was numerically lower in the T sows. We concluded that the use of dextrose and lactose during lactation and WEI seems to enhance litter size in sows with low previous litter size and seems to have the potential to reduce the within litter variation in birth weight. 相似文献
16.
为了比较不同规模猪场不同胎次母猪繁殖力的高低,本研究采集了106家不同规模猪场母猪的详细生产数据。按母猪实际存栏头数将猪场划分为<1 000、1 000~5 000、5 000~10 000和≥10 000头4个规模,分析不同规模猪场母猪1~9胎次活仔率、健仔率、畸形仔率、死胎率、木乃伊率、断奶活仔率及窝均产总仔数、窝均产活仔数、窝均产健仔数、窝均产死胎数、窝均断奶活仔数、窝均出生个体重、窝均出生窝重等相关繁殖指标的差异。结果表明,在胎次相同的情况下,猪场活仔率、健仔率和断奶活仔率随着饲养规模的扩大呈逐渐升高的趋势,而畸形仔率、死胎率和木乃伊率则呈相反趋势。母猪实际存栏头数≥10 000头的猪场1~7胎次（第4胎除外）的活仔率、健仔率和断奶活仔率均显著高于<1 000头猪场（P<0.05）,而与其他两个规模猪场差异不显著（P>0.05）。母猪存栏数<1 000头的猪场1、2、3、5、7胎次的死胎率显著高于其他3个规模猪场（P<0.05）。各个胎次的窝均产总仔数、产活仔数、产健仔数、畸形仔数、死胎数、木乃伊数、出生窝重都随着猪场饲养规模的扩大呈逐渐降低的趋势。<1 000头的猪场第2、3胎的母猪窝均产总仔数、产活仔数、产死胎数、窝均断奶活仔数、窝均出生窝重均显著高于其他3个规模猪场（P<0.05）。综上,养殖规模对不同胎次母猪生产力均产生较大影响,中大规模猪场（≥1 000头）的母猪繁殖力整体上低于小规模猪场（<1 000头）,但仔猪的体况和成活率要优于小规模猪场。 相似文献
17.
本研究统计分析了苏钟猪纯系及其杂交系母猪窝产活仔数与初生仔猪整齐度间的相关性,结果表明,随着母猪窝产活仔数的增加,仔猪初生重的平均数逐渐降低,标准差逐渐升高,整齐度不断降低。纯系苏钟猪窝产活仔数与标准差存在正相关,差异达到显著水平 (P<0.05);与平均数存在负相关,差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);杂交系苏钟猪窝产活仔数与标准差存在正相关,差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);与平均数存在负相关,差异也达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。同时,不同产仔区间母猪窝产活仔数对仔猪初生重的标准差和平均数也存在较显著的影响,母猪窝产活仔数与初生仔猪的整齐度间存在一个较优的经济区间。 相似文献
18.
R. Roehe N.P. Shrestha W. Mekkawy E.M. Baxter P.W. Knap K.M. Smurthwaite S. Jarvis A.B. Lawrence S.A. Edwards 《Livestock Science》2009,121(2-3):173-181
Genetic parameters of piglet survival traits and birth weight were estimated on the first generation data of a selection experiment aimed at improving piglet survival using a multiple trait linear and threshold model. Data on 5293 piglets for survival at birth, at day one after birth and during the entire nursing period, as well as individual birth weight and litter size, were recorded in an outdoor production system. Genetic effects of piglet survival traits and birth weight were estimated based on threshold and Gaussian models, respectively, using a Bayesian approach. The statistical model included as fixed effects selection group, parity, gender, fostering, gestation length and month of farrowing and, alternatively, an adjustment for litter size. Direct genetic effects (i.e. the piglet's genetic potential) for piglet survival and birth weight were estimated separately, whereas maternal genetic and environmental effects could only be estimated for the given data structure in a combined litter effect. Posterior means of heritabilities for direct genetic effects of survival at birth, at first day after birth and the entire nursing period, as well as birth weight, were 0.08, 0.07, 0.08 and 0.20, respectively. Genetic correlations among survival traits were in the range of 0.29 to 0.40 and indicate that these traits were mainly attributable to different genetic effects. Genetic correlations between direct effects of survival traits and birth weight ranged between 0.18 and 0.23 and were reduced when weights of stillborn piglets were omitted in the analysis or the traits were adjusted for litter size. The magnitudes of direct genetic effects of survival traits are substantially higher than estimates in the literature, which may indicate that these traits have a higher genetic influence under outdoor conditions. The use of birth weight in the multiple trait estimation provided important information for the estimation of survival traits due to its favourable genetic correlations with survival, its high heritability and its high information content as a continuously measured trait. 相似文献
19.
Genetic relationship of litter traits between farrowing and weaning in Landrace and Large White pigs
Shinichiro Ogawa Ayane Konta Makoto Kimata Kazuo Ishii Yoshinobu Uemoto Masahiro Satoh 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(12):1510-1516
We estimated genetic parameters in Landrace and Large White pig populations for litter traits at farrowing (total number born, number born alive, number stillborn, total litter weight at birth (LWB), and mean litter weight at birth) and those at weaning (litter size at weaning (LSW), total litter weight at weaning (LWW), mean litter weight at weaning (MWW), and survival rate from farrowing to weaning). We analyzed 65,579 records at farrowing and 6,306 at weaning for Landrace, and 52,557 and 5,360, respectively, for Large White. Single‐trait and two‐trait repeatability animal models were exploited to estimate heritability and genetic correlation respectively. Heritability estimates of LSW were 0.09 for Landrace and 0.08 for Large White. Genetic correlations of LSW with MWW were –0.43 for Landrace and –0.24 for Large White. Genetic correlations of LSW with LWW and LWB ranged from 0.5 to 0.6. The genetic correlation of MWW with LWW was positive, but that with LWB was negligible. The results indicate that utilizing LWW or LWB could improve LSW efficiently, despite the antagonistic genetic correlation between LSW and MWW. 相似文献