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香蕉枯萎病己成为香蕉的毁灭性病害。该病属于土传性病害,扩散蔓延速度快,难于进行生物控制、药物防治及轮作、浸田等常用防治方法的防治。因此,防治香蕉枯萎病的最佳方法是进行香蕉遗传改良,培育抗病品种。选用从INIBAP[(International Network for the Improvement of Bnana and Plantain,国际香(大)蕉改良网络)]引进的42份香蕉种质资源,采用伤根侵染法,用含2×106个孢子/L的香蕉枯萎病1号和4号小种菌液分别对42份香蕉幼苗进行处理,筛选抗香蕉枯萎病种质。结果表明：在侵染1号小种时,7份材料表现高感,13份感病,22份中抗,无高抗;在侵染4号小种时,25份材料表现高感,12份感病,5份中抗,无高抗。综合分析显示,M11和M25对枯萎病1号和4号小种均表现中抗。 相似文献
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2013～2016年,采用田间人工接种方法,评价300份玉米种质对两种灰斑病菌玉米尾孢(Cercospora zeina)和玉蜀黍尾孢(Cercospora zeae-maydis)的抗性。结果表明,对玉米尾孢表现高抗、抗和中抗的种质分别为10、100和121份,表现感和高感的种质分别为62份和7份;对玉蜀黍尾孢表现高抗、抗和中抗的种质分别为4、33和78份,表现感和高感的种质分别为137份和48份。76.99%的供试种质对玉米尾孢表现为高抗、抗或中抗,61.67%的供试种质对玉蜀黍尾孢表现为感或高感,玉米尾孢对大多数种质的致病力较玉蜀黍尾孢弱。 相似文献
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10份香蕉种质对枯萎病的抗性评价(简报) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用苗期、田间抗性评价方法,对引进的10份香蕉种质(台蕉1号、台蕉3号、台蕉4号、台蕉7号、GCTCV-106、GCTCV-119、GCTCV-247、FHIA-03、FHIA-18、FHIA-25)进行枯萎病4号小种的抗性评价.结果表明:10份香蕉种质中,GCTCV-119、FHIA-18、FHIA-25抗性为高抗;台蕉1号、台蕉4号、GCTCV-247、FHIA-03抗性为抗:台蕉3号、台蕉7号、GCTCV-106抗性为中抗. 相似文献
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随着航天事业的发展,将传统的育种技术与航天诱变技术相结合实现育种目标的方法已经得到育种专家的广泛认可。福建香蕉产业受到病害、寒害和风害的威胁,以及外来或进口香蕉的冲击,种植规模正面临着萎缩的处境,使香蕉新品种的选育成为香蕉产业研究亟需解决的重要课题。本研究前期以巴西蕉为母本,在航天空间诱变的基础上,经过连续栽培、筛选和观察,选育出生物学和形态学特征差异明显的2份材料。为鉴定自主选育的以上2份航天香蕉材料的遗传特异性,本研究采用ISSR分子标记技术,从30条引物中筛选出2条多态性好的引物,对2份航天香蕉种质和18份现有香蕉种质进行分析。结果表明：筛选的2条引物共扩增出17条清晰的DNA条带,其中多态性条带13条,占总条带数的76.47%,在DNA分子水平上显示出较高的多态位点和丰富的遗传多样性。凝胶电泳结果显示,结合ISSR引物UBC881和UBC847,2份航天香蕉材料均存在特异性扩增条带,可区别于其他18份香蕉种质。聚类分析结果显示,20份香蕉种质材料间的遗传相似性系数介于0.545～1.000之间,平均值为0.905;在遗传相似性系数为0.960时,所选育的2份航天香蕉材料之间,2... 相似文献
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在建立切实可行的木薯抗螨性评级标准的基础上,对国家木薯种质资源圃227份核心木薯种质进行抗朱砂叶螨的抗性评价,并探讨抗、感性稳定的8份木薯种质对朱砂叶螨生长发育与繁殖的影响。结果表明:227份被评价的核心木薯种质中对朱砂叶螨高抗的种质2份,抗性种质4份,中抗种质116份,感性种质87份,高感种质18份;抗性木薯种质对朱砂叶螨的发育与繁殖具有显著的影响,取食高抗种质C1115和缅甸种叶片后朱砂叶螨雌雄成螨均不能存活,与取食高感种质ZM9066、CM1210-10、瑞士F21和BRA900相比,取食抗性种质哥伦比亚4D和PII167后,朱砂叶螨的发育历期显著延长,平均每雌螨产卵量显著减少,后代卵的孵化率显著降低,雌、雄成螨寿命均显著缩短。本研究结果为深入开展木薯抗螨性机理、抗螨种质的挖掘及其利用研究提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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R. Velusamy 《Crop Protection》1988,7(6):403-408
Of the 128 wild rices screened, 83 accessions were resistant to the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Resistant accessions were non-preferred and significantly more individuals settled on susceptible TN1 plants than on resistant ones. The quantity of food ingested and assimilated by N. lugens on resistant accessions was less than on susceptible TN1. N. lugens caged on resistant accessions had slow nymphal development, reduced longevity and low fecundity. Two wild rice species, Oryza officinalis and O. punctata, reduced the percentage hatchability of N. lugens eggs. A significant reduction in population growth was observed on resistant accessions compared with susceptible TN1. 相似文献
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This study aimed to determine the resistance/susceptibility to fire blight of apple germplasm resources from the province of Erzincan in eastern Turkey. In total, 32 native apple accessions from four regions within the province were tested under greenhouse conditions by inoculating the shoot tips with pathogenic bacterium. Shoot tips were wounded for inoculation. Genotypical susceptibility index (GSI%) values were computed for each genotype based on the length of the lesion that developed on each shoot. Accessions were grouped into five classes of resistance/susceptibility, as follows: Class A (resistant); Class B (moderately resistant); Class C (moderately susceptible); Class D (susceptible); and Class E (highly susceptible). GSI% values differed significantly among accessions (p < 0.01). Five accessions received a rating of Class A, and 7 accessions received a rating of Class B. This was followed by 9 accessions with a rating of Class C, 5 accessions with a rating of Class D and 6 accessions with a rating of Class E. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to breeding efforts with respect to apple resistance to fire blight. 相似文献
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Field resistances of nine accessions of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) and one rice variety (IR24) were evaluated by using nine strains of bacterial blight pathogen (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) from the Philippines. IR24 was highly susceptible to all the strains, and six common wild rice accessions resisted all the nine strains, with a resistance frequency of 67%. The accessions Yulin and Wanning were only susceptible to PXO280 and PXO71, respectively. The accession Gaozhou was susceptible to the three strains PXO79, PXO99 and PXO339, whereas resistant to the other six strains. It could be concluded that there is at least one resistance gene in each common wild rice accession. The functional markers of the genes xa5, xa13, Xa21 and Xa27 were used to detect the presence of these resistance genes in the nine tested wild rice accessions, and it was found that four wild rice accessions contained heterozygous xa13. Among the nine common wild rice accessions, five were homozygous for Xa27 and three homozygous for xa27, and the accession Laibin contained neither xa27 nor Xa27. In addition, there were no xa5 and Xa21 in all of these accessions. 相似文献
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小麦品种在西藏的抗条锈性变异监测分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解不同小麦品种在西藏的抗锈性表现,于2009-2011年在西藏林芝西藏农牧学院实习农场,对来自全国小麦条锈病菌变异观察圃的46份已知抗性基因小麦品种、45份生产及后备品种和由西藏农牧学院保存的26份西藏小麦种质资源(包括生产品种、引进抗源品种及区试材料)进行了田间自然诱发抗条锈病鉴定。结果表明,在小麦条锈病菌变异观察圃中,46份已知基因品种中33份表现为抗病,3份表现为感病,10份抗性不稳定;45份生产及后备品种中20份表现为抗病,12份表现为感病,13份抗性不稳定;26份西藏种质中,22份表现为抗病,3份表现为感病,1份抗性不稳定。调查表明,大部分材料表现出较稳定的抗病性,但目前在西藏高原麦作区实际生产中应用却较少。为减轻小麦条锈病的发生危害,应进一步加强抗病品种的选育和推广。 相似文献
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采取下胚轴创伤接种法鉴定156份大豆资源对13个不同毒力基因型大豆疫霉菌株的抗性。结果表明,125份资源分别抗1-13个菌株,占鉴定资源总数的80.13%。125份抗性大豆资源对13个大豆疫霉菌株共产生90种反应型。通过与13个鉴别寄主的反应型比较发现,有9份大豆资源产生的5种反应型与含有已知抗病基因的大豆资源的反应型相同;12份大豆资源产生的5种反应型与已知2个抗病基因组合的反应型一致,另外,还有至少抗1个菌株的104份大豆资源产生的80种反应型,既不同于已知单个抗病基因的反应型,也不同于2个已知抗病基因组合的反应型,推测可能含有新的抗病基因或基因组合。 相似文献
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野生大豆抗大豆花叶病毒病评价、聚类及性状间相关分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对来源于河北东部沿海地区的85份野生大豆材料进行田间抗大豆花叶病毒病评价、聚类及性状间相关分析.结果表明:在85份野生大豆中,抗病材料5份,中抗材料14份,中间型材料23份,感病材料43份,分别占供试材料的5.8%、16.4%、27.1%和50.5%;开花到成熟期天数和野生大豆抗SMV反应呈显著正相关,开花到成熟期天数对野生大豆抗SMV反应直接作用最大,通过其它性状所起的作用相对较小.聚类分析表明:Bian0526与其它供试野生大豆的亲缘关系较远,与其杂交有可能产生较大的杂种优势. 相似文献