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1.
AIM: To investigate the nature and cause of a progressive ataxia in three 20-month-old Huntaway dogs that were litter mates. METHODS: Affected dogs were examined before they were humanely killed and submitted to necropsy. Selected formalin-fixed tissues were examined by light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: The lesions were those of axon and myelin degeneration within sensory, proprioceptive and motor tracts of the spinal cord and to a lesser degree some peripheral nerves. CONCLUSION: A progressive myelopathy and neuropathy, tentatively described as a central-peripheral distal axonopathy, was present in all 3 dogs. The cause was not determined but was likely to be either genetic or nutritional. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In the early stages of this disease, careful examination may be necessary to distinguish the signs of ataxia from orthopaedic disease such as hip dysplasia. Affected animals are unlikely to be of use as working dogs. 相似文献
2.
R.D. Jolly F.J. Allan M.G. Collett T. Rozaklis V.J. Muller J.J. Hopwood 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):144-148
Aim: To investigate the nature of a progressive ataxia in a New Zealand Huntaway dog. Methods: The affected dog was examined clinically before being humanely killed and necropsied. Selected tissues were submitted to light and electron microscopy and to biochemical analyses. Results: The histological lesions were interpreted as indicative of one of the forms of mucopolysaccharidosis type-III (dMPS-III), a lysosomal storage disease. Biochemically there was a deficiency of heparan sulphamidase. All the heparan sulphate chains had non-reducing-end glucosamine-N-sulphate residues. Conclusion: The disease is dMPS-IIIA (Sanfilippo syndrome). An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance can be provisionally assumed from the nature of this disease in other species. 相似文献
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AIMS: To describe the histopathological lesions of a new canine disease characterised by progressive ataxia, head tremor and seizures, and to deduce the cause of the lesions. METHODS: Formalin-fixed tissues were processed into paraffin wax and epoxy resin for light and transmission electron microscopy of variously stained tissue sections. RESULTS: Significant lesions relevant to the disease were found only in the brain. They consisted of hypoplasia of the cerebellum and the presence of large pale inclusions in the perikaryon of neurons in the neocortex and in macrophages. The inclusion material was not compartmentalised and did not stain for carbohydrate, mucopolysaccharide or lipid. This material displaced nuclei to the periphery of the cells where they were seen as basophilic distorted crescent-shaped structures. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusions were probably made of polymerised protein similar, though not identical, to those of Pick, Lewy and Collins bodies that characterise a variety of chronic neurodegenerative diseases of humans. A genetic basis to this disease was considered probable. 相似文献
5.
Abstract CASE HISTORY: A 5-year-old entire female Huntaway from a sheep and beef farm was one of four dogs that developed clinical signs including hypersalivation, depression, blindness and ataxia after the death of another dog. A 4-year-old female Huntaway farm dog from a second farm was observed to be sitting down more often than usual on the day after being fed part of a calf carcass that had been treated with an abamectin pour-on. CLINICAL FINDINGS: The first dog was ataxic and depressed but did respond to sound. The second dog presented with an acute onset of blindness, mydriasis, absence of a menace response, hypersalivation, gait abnormalities (e.g. high stepping gait and ataxia), and depression. Other presenting signs included muscle tremors, dehydration and difficulty eating. No abnormalities were detected from routine haematology and biochemistry. Analysis of samples of plasma from both dogs revealed concentrations of abamectin of 0.149 mg/L and 0.260 mg/L for the first and second dogs, respectively. Buccal swabs taken from the first dog for DNA testing for the ABCB1 gene mutation, gave a negative result. DIAGNOSIS: In addition to the presenting signs which suggested a toxicosis, both dogs had measurable concentrations of abamectin in plasma confirming exposure. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Farm dogs exposed to concentrated pour-on products containing abamectin have been poisoned and recover or die. The product labels do not carry any warnings as to the risk of poisoning to dogs. This paper discusses two incidents affecting six farm dogs, but the authors are aware of more toxicoses in farm dogs exposed to abamectin. 相似文献
6.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of laryngeal paresis within a selected population of dogs and identify some of the distinguishing characteristics of affected dogs. DESIGN: A prospective study involving laryngoscopic examination of 250 dogs. PROCEDURE: The laryngeal movements of 250 dogs undergoing general anaesthesia were observed. The severity of laryngeal paresis in these dogs was graded (0 = normal laryngeal movements, 4 = bilateral laryngeal paralysis). The following information was also recorded for each dog: age, sex, weight, breed, condition score, anaesthetic protocol, clinical suspicion of disease and observer. RESULTS: Twenty five percent of the dogs examined had some degree of laryngeal paresis. Affected dogs were significantly older than unaffected dogs (P < 0.001). There was a trend for the severity of laryngeal paresis to increase with age. There was no difference between the sexes. Dogs with laryngeal paresis were significantly heavier than normal animals (P < 0.02). Overweight animals had a significantly higher laryngeal grade than those with a normal condition score (P < 0.05). Labrador Retrievers and Rottweilers had a significantly higher risk of having laryngeal paresis (P < 0.05). Clinical suspicion was found to have high diagnostic value. An intra-class correlation coefficient for inter-rater reliability between the two observers was 0.95. CONCLUSIONS: Laryngeal paresis had a high prevalence in the animals surveyed and was strongly associated with age and breed. The results of this study are consistent with the concept of a progressive degenerative disease with a breed susceptibility. Clinical suspicion for the presence of the disease was a reliable indicator. The grading system used had a high degree of inter-observer agreement. 相似文献
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R. J. Slappendel I. van der Gaag J. J. van Nes Th. S. G. A. M. van den Ingh R. P. Happé 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(1):30-40
Summary A newly recognised disease, which we have given the provisional name of familial stomatocytosis‐hypertrophic gastritis (FSHG), is described in two families of dogs of the Drentse patrijshond breed. The affected dogs consisted of 3 females and 5 males, 3 to 19 (mean 9.5) months of age at admission. The main clinical problems were diarrhoea, icterus, and ataxia and paresis of the pelvic limbs. Laboratory evaluation revealed abnormal red cell shape (stomatocytosis), increased osmotic fragility, haemolytic anaemia, and increased liver enzymes and serum bilirubin. Gastroscopic and histopathologic examination of the gastric mucosa revealed hypertrophic gastritis resembling Ménétrier's disease in man. Histologic findings in the liver were suggestive of progressive liver disease. Cysts were found in the kidneys of the five oldest patients. Electroneurography in 2 dogs revealed polyneuropathy. In the parents of 2 patients (sister and brother), there were no clinical or laboratory abnormalities. An autosomal recessive hereditary defect of lipid metabolism is suspected. 相似文献
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F.J. van Sluijs B.E. Sjollema G. Voorhout T.S.G.A.M. van den Ingh A. Rijnberk 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3):113-116
Summary A total of 38 adrenocortical tumours were removed from 36 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism. The surgical approach was by way of a unilateral flank laparotomy (32 dogs; 14 left and 18 right), a bilateral flank laparotomy (3 dogs) or a midline celiotomy (1 dog). Two dogs were euthanized during surgery because their tumours could not be resected. Eight dogs died from post‐operative complications. Pancreatic necrosis with peritonitis was the most common cause of death. Eight of the 26 dogs that survived had signs of recurrence of hyperadrenocorticism. Unsuppressible hyperadrenocorticism was found in four dogs; one dog had probably pre‐existent pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism, and adrenocortical function could not be re‐examined in the remaining three dogs. Among the 37 tumours examined microscopically expansion of neoplastic tissue into blood vessels was found in 22 of them. Four adrenal glands with adrenocortical tumours also contained phaeochromocytomas. Necropsy was performed in eight dogs. Metastases were found in the lungs of two dogs and in the lungs and liver in one dog. In combination with the data of previous reports, it is suggested that histological findings in surgery specimens are not good predictors for the clinical outcome. 相似文献
9.
Anderson PD Parton KH Collett MG Sargison ND Jolly RD 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1999,47(3):112-114
AIM: To determine the cause and nature of a disease in newborn New Zealand Romney lambs characterised by progressive weakness and premature death. METHODS: Affected lambs were examined clinically, humanely killed and submitted to necropsy. Selected fonmalin-fixed tissues were examined histologically. Data on the parentage of the lambs were collected. RESULTS: The principle lesions found were degeneration and loss of neurons in ventral horns of the spinal cord and brain stem and Wallerian degeneration of motor nerves and denervation atrophy of skeletal muscles fibres. CONCLUSION: The lesions are those of a lower motor neuron disease which appeared to have a genetic cause. 相似文献
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Bichsel P Vandevelde M Lang J Kull-Hächler S 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1983,183(9):998-1000, 965
Three closely related, Siberian Husky dogs had chronic progressive paresis and ataxia with muscle atrophy in the hindlimbs. Radiologic and myelographic examination of the spine revealed no abnormalities. On histologic examination, disseminated degeneration of the white matter, particularly in the thoracic segments, was seen. The clinical and pathological findings were similar to those described in aging large dogs with so-called degenerative myelopathy. The cause of this disease is unknown but the fact that these 3 Huskies were closely related suggest that hereditary factors may play a role. 相似文献
11.
Clinical and pathologic features of ceroid lipofuscinosis in two Australian cattle dogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D B Sisk D C Levesque P A Wood E L Styer 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,197(3):361-364
A lysosomal storage disease was diagnosed in 2 Australian Cattle Dog siblings, using light and electron microscopic evaluation. Both dogs developed clinical signs of disease at about 1 year of age. Vision and motor function deteriorated over several months; by 2 years of age, the dogs were blind and had progressive ataxia. Cytoplasmic inclusions with ultrastructural patterns characteristic of ceroid lipofuscin were observed in most neurons examined and in the cells of several other parenchymatous tissues. Biochemical studies, including determination of lysosomal enzyme activities, excluded several other lysosomal storage diseases. In these dogs, the clinical and pathologic features of the disease were similar to those of the juvenile subtype of ceroid lipofuscinosis (Batten disease) in human beings. 相似文献
12.
Abstract AIM: To determine whether canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) and canine influenza virus (CIV) are present in dogs in New Zealand. METHODS: Serum samples from 251 dogs of varying age, breed and clinical histories were tested for the presence of antibodies to CRCoV and CIV, using indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) analysis. The population sampled represented a wide geographic area but principally encompassed the central and lower North Island of New Zealand. RESULTS: Seventy-three of the 251 samples (29%) were seropositive for CRCoV. Dogs <2 years old were less likely to be seropositive for CRCoV than older dogs. None was seropositive for CIV. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the presence of antibodies to CRCoV in dogs in New Zealand. Young dogs are less likely to be seropositive than older dogs, probably due to increased opportunity for exposure to CRCoV over time. Serum antibodies to CIV were not detected in any of the dogs sampled, suggesting that this virus is unlikely to be present in dogs in New Zealand. CLINICAL RELEVENCE: Canine respiratory coronavirus is present in New Zealand. Although the role of this virus in canine infectious tracheobronchitis has not been fully elucidated, evidence suggests that it may have a causal role in this disease. Veterinarians should consider CRCoV as a differential diagnosis in cases of respiratory disease in dogs in New Zealand. While CIV appears not to be currently present in New Zealand, veterinarians should consider infection with this virus as a differential diagnosis in dogs presenting with respiratory signs. 相似文献
13.
R. Lavoué J.J. Van Der Lugt M.J. Day M. Georges V. Busoni A.C. Merveille A. Poujade D. Peeters 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(2):314-322
Background: Familial juvenile glomerulonephropathy (JGN) is reported in several breeds of dogs. The mode of inheritance and spectrum of pathological lesions vary among breeds. A progressive JGN was detected in a pedigree of French Mastiff (FM) dogs. Objectives: To describe clinical, laboratory, and histopathologic findings in related FM dogs suffering from progressive JGN and to determine the mode of inheritance of this condition. Animals: Sixteen affected and 35 healthy related FM dogs Methods: FM dogs <24 months of age and diagnosed with chronic kidney disease with evidence of proteinuria entered the study. Clinical, laboratory, histopathologic findings, and pedigree data were recorded. Results: Clinical signs were typical of progressive glomerulopathy with resultant renal failure. Increased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and total cholesterol concentrations, and proteinuria were found in all patients. Affected dogs had abnormal kidney structure on abdominal ultrasound examination. Histopathologic examination revealed extensive cystic glomerular atrophy, glomerular hypercellularity, and capillary wall thickening without immune complex deposition when tested with immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. Electron microscopy did not disclose specific primary glomerular lesions. Mean age at death was 20 months and mean length of survival after diagnosis was 6 months. Both males and females from healthy parents were affected. An autosomal recessive mode of transmission is suspected, but a more complex mode of inheritance cannot be excluded. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Progressive familial JGN occurs in FM dogs. Characterization of the pathogenesis and mode of inheritance of this disease warrants additional study. 相似文献
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A clinicopathological study of a neurologic disease in Rottweiler dogs was conducted. Clinical data were available on 16 dogs, 11 of which were examined pathologically. All dogs had a history of progressive gait abnormalities, which had commenced insidiously at an age varying from 1.5 to 3.5 years. In most dogs the fore limbs were affected prior to the hind limbs. At neurologic examination ataxia of all 4 limbs was seen, in some instances accompanied by an apparent paresis. Proprioceptive positioning was delayed whereas spinal reflexes were often hyperactive. Plain and contrast radiographs of the spine did not reveal any compressive lesions in 5 dogs examined. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 4 dogs was normal. Electrodiagnostic testing in 3 dogs revealed no abnormalities. At pathologic examination demyelinating lesions were found in the central nervous system. These were largely confined to the cervical spinal cord and brain stem and had a rather characteristic more or less symmetric distribution. Pedigree data suggested that the disease is transmitted genetically. 相似文献
15.
A neurologic syndrome in Golden Retrievers presenting as a sensory ataxic neuropathy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jäderlund KH Orvind E Johnsson E Matiasek K Hahn CN Malm S Hedhammar A 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(6):1307-1315
BACKGROUND: A sensory ataxic neuropathy has been observed in Swedish Golden Retrievers recently. ANIMALS: Twenty-one affected Golden Retrievers. METHODS: Clinical and neurologic status, electrophysiologic, and pathologic status as well as pedigree analyses were evaluated. RESULTS: Clinical signs had an insidious onset between 2 and 8 months of age and a slowly progressive course. Affected dogs were ataxic and dysmetric. They had abnormal postural reactions and decreased spinal reflexes but no apparent muscle atrophy. Clinical pathology, radiography, and electrophysiology of motor systems were all within reference values. Sensory nerve conduction results of affected dogs were significantly different from those of a group of control dogs. Necropsy revealed a chronic progressive central and peripheral sensorimotor axonopathy; the proprioceptive pathways were most severely affected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: This disease in these Golden Retrievers is distinct from other canine breed-related neurodegenerative diseases or hereditary neurodegenerative diseases described in humans. Pedigree analyses indicated a hereditary background, but the mode of inheritance could not be established. 相似文献
16.
Investigations on the role of flea antigen in the pathogenesis of German Shepherd dog Pyoderma (GSP)
M.A. Wisselink J.P. Koeman T. S. G. A. M. van den Ingh A. Willemse 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(1):21-28
Summary Skin reaction patterns to the intradermal injection of a whole‐body flea extract were examined in five physically healthy dogs and in 24 dogs with German Shepherd dog Pyoderma (GSP) at 15 and 30 minutes and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the injection. In 10 out of 24 GSP dogs a positive skin reaction was observed macroscopically after 15 minutes. Delayed reactions at 24 or 48 hours were not observed. In the control group neither immediate nor delayed reactions were observed. The histopathologic skin changes were basically the same in both groups: an initial polymorphonuclear reaction followed by a mononuclear cell reaction. In the GSP dogs, however, these changes occurred earlier and were more prolonged than in the normal dogs. No flea‐antigen‐specific IgGd antibodies could be demonstrated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. It is concluded that delayed type hypersentitivity to flea antigen does not play a role in the pathogenesis of GSP. Immediate type hypersensitivity may contribute to the disease in some cases. 相似文献
17.
Skeen TM Olby NJ Muñana KR Sharp NJ 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2003,39(3):271-282
The medical records of 17 dogs diagnosed with spinal arachnoid cysts at North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital were retrospectively examined to identify trends in signalment, history, neurological status, treatment, and short- and long-term prognosis. The typical case was that of a nonpainful, progressive ataxia frequently characterized by hypermetria and incontinence. Cysts typically occurred in the dorsal subarachnoid space at the first to third cervical vertebrae of young, large-breed dogs or the caudal thoracic vertebrae of older, small-breed dogs. Although 14 of 15 dogs treated surgically did well in the short term, long-term successful outcomes were achieved in only eight of the 12 dogs that were followed for >1 year. Significant predictors of good, long-term outcome were not identified; however, factors associated with a trend toward a good outcome included <3 years of age, <4 months' duration of clinical signs, and marsupialization as the surgical technique. 相似文献
18.
Poma R Parent JM Holmberg DL Partlow GD Monteith G Sylvestre AM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(1):60-64
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate use of transcranial magnetic motor evoked potentials for assessment of the functional integrity of the cervical spinal cord in large-breed dogs with cervical spinal cord disease. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, masked study. ANIMALS: 10 healthy large-breed control dogs and 25 large-breed dogs with cervical spinal cord diseases. PROCEDURE: Affected dogs were allocated to 3 groups on the basis of neurologic status: signs of neck pain alone, ambulatory with ataxia in all limbs, or nonambulatory. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was performed on each dog with the same standard technique. Motor evoked potentials (MEP) were recorded from electrodes inserted in the tibialis cranialis muscle. Following the procedure, each dog was anesthetized and cervical radiography, CSF analysis, and cervical myelography were performed. The MEP latencies and amplitudes were correlated with neurologic status of the dogs after correction for neuronal path length. RESULTS: Mean MEP latencies and amplitudes were significantly different between control dogs and dogs in each of the 3 neurologic categories, but were not significantly different among dogs in the 3 neurologic categories. A linear association was evident between MEP latencies and amplitudes and severity of neurologic deficits; the more severe the neurologic deficits, the more prolonged the latencies and the more decreased the amplitudes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Transcranial magnetic MEP are useful to assess severity of cervical spinal cord disease in large-breed dogs. Impairment of the functional integrity of the cervical spinal cord was found even in dogs with neck pain alone. 相似文献
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CASE HISTORY: A skeletal disease characterised by dwarfism, limb deformity and sometimes sudden death occurred over a period of 5 years in lambs born on a commercial sheep farm in Southland. The disease showed variable expression and occurred in crossbred sheep. A genetic aetiology was supported by the birth of affected lambs over two seasons in a flock of putative carrier and affected sheep transported to Massey University. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Affected lambs appeared normal at birth but showed evidence of dwarfism, wide-based stance and exercise intolerance as early as 1 week of age. Most died within the first 3 months of life, often after developing bilateral varus deformity of the forelimbs. Some severely-affected lambs died suddenly of respiratory embarrassment, probably due to tracheal collapse. Mildly-affected individuals had a short, blocky stature and some survived to breeding age. PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Gross and microscopic lesions of variable severity were present in the tracheal, articular, epiphyseal and physeal cartilages. In severe cases, articular cartilage in major joints was eroded from weight-bearing surfaces. The trachea was flaccid, abnormally kinked, and had thickened cartilaginous rings and a narrow lumen. Affected sheep that survived to breeding age eventually developed severe degenerative joint disease. Histologically, chondrocytes were disorganised, surrounded by concentric rings of abnormal fibrillar material, and the matrix often contained focal to coalescing areas of chondrolysis. DIAGNOSIS: Inherited chondrodysplasia of Texel sheep. CLINICAL RELEVANCE AND CONCLUSIONS: This chondrodysplasia differs from those previously described in sheep and is considered to be a newly-recognised, recessively-inherited genetic disease of the Texel breed. A defect in the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans in cartilage matrix is suspected. This disease of sheep may provide a suitable model for studying various forms of therapy for human chondrodysplasias. 相似文献
20.
R L Schulman B C McKiernan D J Schaeffer 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1999,214(9):1345-1348
OBJECTIVE: To examine use of corticosteroids in treating dogs with airway obstruction secondary to hilar lymphadenopathy caused by chronic histoplasmosis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 16 dogs. PROCEDURE: Records for dogs with airway obstruction examined from January 1979 through December 1997 were reviewed. Dogs were included in the study if they had hilar lymphadenopathy documented radiographically and bronchoscopically, had serum antibodies against Histoplasma capsulatum, and did not have organisms in any cytologic or histologic samples. Dogs were assigned to groups on the basis of treatment given (5 dogs, corticosteroids only; 5 dogs, corticosteroids and antifungal medication; 6 dogs, antifungal medication only). RESULTS: Clinical signs resolved in < 1 week in dogs treated only with corticosteroids. In dogs treated with corticosteroids and an antifungal medication, improvement was evident in a mean of 2.6 weeks. In 5 of 6 dogs treated with only an antifungal medication, clinical signs resolved in a mean of 8.8 weeks. Dogs receiving corticosteroids did not develop active or disseminated histoplasmosis. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Corticosteroids can be used successfully in the treatment of dogs with hilar lymphadenopathy secondary to histoplasmosis. Affected dogs must be carefully evaluated for active infection. Specimens obtained by means of bronchoalveolar lavage, tracheal washing, or other methods should be examined to exclude the possibility of an active infection, which could result in corticosteroid-induced dissemination of disease. 相似文献