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莱克多巴胺属于β-兴奋剂,在动物性产品中残留量过高会危害人类健康。本试验采用酶联免疫法来检测甘肃部分地区猪肉中莱克多巴胺的残留量,根据酶联免疫试剂盒检测出猪肉中莱克多巴胺的检出限为24 μg/kg,以莱克多巴胺的6种标准品测得莱克多巴胺的标准曲线,以此检测甘肃部分地区猪肉中莱克多巴胺的残留量是否超出检出限,并分析不同地方莱克多巴胺残留量存在差异性的原因。 相似文献
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Geórgia Camargo Góss Fabricio Desconsi Mozzaquatro Raphaela Vanhove Lilian Pinto Camargo Gabriela Döwich Pradella Carla Teixeira Leite Etiele Maldonado Gomes Ana Luisa Moreira Carneiro Gabriel Feix Heckler Claudia Acosta Duarte 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(3):493-499
The physiological measurements of collateral ligaments of distal interphalangeal joint (CL-DIPJ) differ in the literature. The factors that influence these differences are not well described. The aims of this study are to compare CL-DIPJ sizes in equines with different withers height, as well as to correlate body weight and hoof size to the size of these ligaments. In total, 52 horses were used in the study. They were divided into two groups according to wither height: Group 1 (G1) - 21 animals with up to 147 cm - and group 2 (G2) - 21 animals with greater than 148 cm. CL-DIPJ was ultrasonographically measured in order to find the mean of dorso-palmar (DPD) and latero-medial (LMD) diameters and the cross-sectional area (CSA). Hoof width and length were measured, and the results were used to calculate the hoof surface area. Withers height and body weight were also measured. Groups were statistically compared by Student's t test and Pearson's correlation application to each group. Groups were different in body size, HS and CL-DIPJ size when p < .05, except for the LMD of the medial collateral ligament of left thoracic limb. Withers height and body weight did not show significant correlations to CL-DIPJ size in G1, but they had little influence on the size of CL-DIPJ on G2. No correlation between the hoof size and the CL-DIPJ was noted in any of the two groups. In conclusion, the CL-DIPJ were larger in taller horses and their sizes were correlated to their height and weight, but they were not correlated to hoof size. 相似文献
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Activation of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) leads to the formation of superoxide, which is in turn dismutated to H2O2 by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and is partly responsible for oxygen-dependent microbicidal activity. However, no comparative information is available on the effect of SOD inhibition before PMN activation to allow simulation of the SOD defects that are known to occur in some ruminants. This paper attempts to examine the degranulative and phagocytic responses in buffalo, cattle and goat PMNs exposed to diethyldithiocarbamate, a known SOD inhibitor. The activity of glutathione peroxidase and reductase was increased in the presence of SOD inhibitor. On activation, H2O2 production increased significantly (p<0.01), while SOD inhibition before the activation of PMNs caused a significant decline in the production of H2O2 (p<0.05) in all the species studied. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the phagocytosis of Candida albicans spores by buffalo PMNs activated with opsonized zymosan. Activation of bovine PMNs after exposure to the SOD inhibitor resulted in a significant decline (p<0.05) in phagocytic activity; in the other species, the two values only approached significance. Among the activators, opsonized zymosan caused a significant increase in phagocytic activity as compared to lipopolysaccharide, particularly in the PMNs of buffaloes (p<0.05). Increased fungicidal activity (p<0.05) occurred with opsonized zymosan-activated PMNs of all the species studied. The fungicidal activity was found to decline in PMNs exposed to SOD inhibitor before activation (p<0.05). Interestingly, the phagocytic activity of caprine PMNs was found to be lower than that of PMNs from cattle (p<0.05). 相似文献
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李斯特氏菌因子血清的制备及食品检测的免疫磁性分离-PCR(MIPA)方法的建立 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
首先进行了李斯特氏菌因子血清的研制，制备出了可对所有李斯特氏菌分型的 １５ 个 Ｏ 抗原因子和４ 个 Ｈ 抗原因子的因子血清。利用复合因子血清的多克隆抗体包被磁性球，对食品中的单核细胞增多性李斯特氏菌进行免疫磁性分离，并与 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 方法相结合，建立了检测食品中单核细胞增多性李斯特氏菌的 Ｍ Ｉ Ｐ Ａ方法（免疫磁性分离—聚合酶链反应方法，ｍ ａｇｎ ｅｔｉｃ ｉｍ ｍ ｕｎｏｐｏｌｙｍ ｅｒａｓｅ ｃｈａｉｎ ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ ａｓｓａｙ）。对菌液、模拟样品的检测表明，本方法能够有效地克服食品基质、培养基成分和杂菌对 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 检验的干扰作用。食品样品在 Ｅ Ｂ增菌液中增菌 １２ ｈ 后，检测的敏感度达 ５ Ｃ Ｆ Ｕ／ｍ Ｌ，可以在 ２０ ｈ 内完成检测。本方法对实际食品样品的检测结果，与国家标准检验方法检测的结果一致。 相似文献
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J.M. Winterbottom 《African Zoology》2013,48(1):83-90
Many white-faced whistling ducks (Dendrocygna viduata) have responded to European colonization by overwintering on irrigation and stock-watering ponds in the semi-arid interior of South Africa. I studied the body condition, diet, behaviour and moult intensity of whitefaced whistling ducks prior to departure for breeding areas during spring 1995. Other than higher protein levels in immature males than immature females, there were no sexual differences in body mass or levels of lipid, protein, or ash in adults or immatures. Adults were heavier than immatures and had higher levels of ash. There were no sex- or age-related differences in the proportion of individual food items consumed, 96.6% of which was maize. By foraging on neighbouring agricultural fields, birds were able to spend large portions (80%) of the day/night in comfort-related activities (preen, loaf, sleep) and little time foraging (8.8%) while on ponds. There were no sex- or age-related differences in overall moult intensity score or intensity of moult in 20 feather areas. With exception of primaries and secondaries, birds were moulting moderately to heavily in all feather regions. Agricultural ponds permit whitefaced whistling ducks to overwinter close to breeding areas, while the high availability and energy content of maize enables them to attain higher spring fat levels than birds that overwinter on traditional sites closer to the coast. Intensive agriculture has probably contributed to the population increase and range expansion of white-faced whistling ducks in South Africa. 相似文献
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为了解不同地区球虫对地克珠利(DIC)与盐霉素(SAL)的耐药情况,收集了来自江苏、山东、福建、安徽、河南地区共13个鸡场的球虫样本,对其进行了DIC与SAL的耐药性分析。试验时对每个虫株分别设药物防治组、感染不用药组和空白对照组,以抗球虫指数、病变记分减少率、相对卵囊产量、最适抗球虫活性百分率为指标进行综合评定。结果:来自江苏南通地区虫株中有85%对DIC表现出不同程度的耐药性,100%对SAL耐药;河南开封分离株对2种药物表现完全耐药;山东地区仅有1株对DIC轻度耐药,剩余虫株对2种药物均敏感。研究表明,目前南通与开封地区应避免使用DIC和SAL进行球虫病的防治,而山东、福建、安徽可放心使用这2种药物。 相似文献
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内蒙古牧区放牧羊的福利养殖现状分析 《畜牧与饲料科学》2020,41(5):86-90
内蒙古牧区放牧羊来自天然大草原, 以其肉质鲜美、多汁、无膻味、绿色无污染而享誉国内外。面对发达国家日益加剧的“动物福利”贸易壁垒, 打造内蒙古福利肉羊品牌, 打破世界贸易壁垒, 提高内蒙古肉羊产业的国际竞争力已迫在眉睫。对内蒙古牧区放牧羊的福利养殖现状进行分析评估, 以期为加速推进内蒙古牧区放牧羊福利养殖提供参考。 相似文献
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通过在公鸡日粮中添加不同水平的亚硒酸钠,研究硒在公鸡心肌组织中的沉积量和对其组织结构功能的影响,以期为亚硒酸钠在禽类生产中的应用提供参考依据。试验选取80只体重接近、健康无疾病的海兰白成年公鸡,随机分成4组,每组20只,分别在日粮中添加0、0.3、0.6和1.0 mg/kg的亚硒酸钠。试验结束时,采集心组织样本,测定硒含量,并通过HE染色观察组织细胞结构。结果表明,公鸡心肌组织中硒含量随日粮硒含量的增加而升高。由此得出,公鸡心肌组织的硒含量随着日粮硒水平的增加而逐渐升高,高硒日粮对心肌组织的结构有一定影响,但由于硒在心肌组织中的沉积能力与其他组织相比较差,因此影响并不明显。 相似文献
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Brucellosis not only represents an important health restraint on livestock but also causes high economic losses in many developing countries worldwide. Despite considerable efforts made for the control of brucellosis, the disease is still spreading in many regions (such as the Middle East) where it represents one of the most important health hazards impacting both animals and humans. The present review aims to investigate the efficacy of veterinary control programs regarding brucellosis, with a special focus on current prevention, control, and eradication approaches. The reasons for unsuccessful control programs such as the absence of highly effective vaccines and non-certified bulls are also debated, to understand why the prevalence of brucellosis in livestock is not decreasing in many areas despite considerable efforts taken to date. The importance of governmental and regional investment in brucellosis control remains one of the main limiting factors owing to the limited budget allocated to tackle this disease. In this context, one health concept has generated novel comprehensive approaches with multiple economic implications across the livestock industry and public health. However, the implementation of such global preventive strategies appears to be a key issue for many endemic and low-income countries. According to the collected data, epidemiological contexts including management and trade systems along with well-defined agro-ecological zones should be evaluated in brucellosis endemic countries to improve milk production and to enhance the sustainability of the livestock sector at both national and regional levels. 相似文献
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苜蓿的起源与传播,既是一个历史问题,也是一个理论问题,不仅是草学界和草史界的重要研究课题,也是农学界乃至农史界的重要研究课题。苜蓿作为一种古老的栽培作物,其起源与传播一直受到人们的关注。伊朗(波斯)为苜蓿的起源中心得到广泛认可。苜蓿有两个不同的起源中心,一是外高加索山区,现代欧洲型苜蓿就来源于此,另一个为中亚细亚,是有史以来的灌溉农业区,夏季酷热干燥,这点和外高加索一样,但不同的是冬季温暖。在伊朗考古遗址中发现的炭化苜蓿种子足以证明苜蓿是一种古老的作物,大约在8000年之前人类就开始利用苜蓿了,在公元前1300年的土耳其和公元前700年的巴比伦人的教科书中就出现了有关苜蓿的记载。像其他作物的传播一样,苜蓿的传播也是通过航海贸易和军队入侵,苜蓿是战马的主要饲料,约在公元前490年,波斯人入侵希腊时,苜蓿种子也随之被带入希腊,苜蓿传入意大利的时间还不确定,可能是公元前200年。在苜蓿传入意大利的同时,公元前126年由汉武帝派往西域的使者张骞将苜蓿种子带入中国。到1550年,苜蓿从西班牙扩展到法国,1565年到比利时和荷兰,1650年到英国,大约在1750年到德国和奥地利,1770年到瑞典,18世纪传到俄罗斯,之后,大约1800年又由欧洲传入新西兰,1806年引入澳大利亚。苜蓿于1535年被传入秘鲁,直到18世纪,苜蓿才被引入阿根廷,从秘鲁又传入智利。苜蓿于1736年,从墨西哥传入美国。 相似文献
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随着规模化养猪业的发展及人工授精技术的普及,公猪繁殖性能已是影响猪场经济效益的重要因素。如何准确评定公猪的繁殖能力,保证人工授精效果,进而保证母猪的繁殖性能的发挥,是养猪人工作中的重要环节。生产实践中最常用的是通过显微镜对猪精细胞水平进行检测。科研人员也在一直研究影响人工授精效果的因素,将精液的检测从细胞水平上升至分子水平,再用分子标记手段将公猪繁殖性能由检测提前至预测,最大限度地保证公猪的繁殖性能,保证优良公猪的性能得到最大程度的发挥。文章从精液品质、人工授精效果、分子水平检测、标记物等几个方面介绍公猪繁殖性能评价时需要衡量的指标,为公猪繁殖性能评定提供参考。 相似文献
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对浙江省缙云县80家转地蜂场养蜂生产成本进行了调查,结果表明:2008年养蜂生产总成本598.45元/群,比2007年增长14.22%。2007～2008年转地蜂场年平均生产总成本561.19元/群,与2005～2006年相比,增长6.36%。2007年和2008年,养蜂生产总成本分别占总收入的72.62%和78.72%。转地蜂场生产成本高,尤其是运费开支。蜜蜂授粉对生态农业的发展起到了巨大的作用,促进了农业的增产。养蜂业亟需政府的关注和支持。 相似文献
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西藏草地畜牧业发展战略的调整 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文分析并提出西藏草地畜牧业发展战略调整应:从传统的纯牧区逐步向半农半牧区和农区过渡,形成牧区繁育,农区、半农半牧区育肥,城镇加工的分布格局;开发东部林芝地区草地载畜潜力,稳定、提高中部拉萨市、山南地区草地畜牧业的生产经营水平,保护西部那曲与阿里地区草地,划定禁牧区,建设西部自然保护区;建植人工草地,实施退耕还草、农田种草,实现以草定畜;在青藏铁路沿线,选择低海拔城镇,建设牦牛肉、肥羔肉小包装、分割肉加工基地,以此带动东部、中部绿色牦牛肉、肥羔肉生产和季节草地畜牧业的发展;建设西部绒山羊基地和"一江两河"流域奶牛业;努力扩大边境畜产品贸易,提高畜产品商品率. 相似文献
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