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1.
尼罗罗非鱼的胆碱需要量 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为测定尼罗罗非鱼的胆碱需要量进行了两次试验。基础饲料含粗蛋白３２ ％，其中１０．１ ％为酪朊和凝胶，２１．９ ％为晶体氨基酸混合物；饲料中含硫氨基酸总含量０．２８ ｇ／１００ ｇ，蛋氨酸与胱氨酸之比为８９ ∶１１。试验饲料在基础饲料中分别添加蛋氨酸０．２８、０．５０、０．７５、１．０ ｇ／１００ ｇ，蛋氨酸与胱氨酸之比分别为８９：１１、９４∶６、９６∶４、９７∶３，每种饲料分别添加胆碱０～１ ｇ。测出鱼体增重、饲料效率和血清蛋氨酸浓度受饲料含硫氨基酸含量影响显著，适宜需要量为０．５ ｇ／１００ … 相似文献
2.
日粮中添加硫酸钠对肉兔生产性能及肉品品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择４５日龄太行山兔１００只，研究在含硫氨基酸水平不同的日粮中添加硫酸钠对其生产性能及肉质的影响。结果表明：在含硫氨基酸达到需要量８０％～９６％的日粮中添加０．２％～０．４％硫酸钠，均能明显提高肉兔的日增重、饲料转化率、屠宰率及经济效益。其中以含硫氨基酸为需要量的９６％时添加０．２％硫酸钠效果最佳，日增重，饲料转化率，屠宰率及经济效益分别提高２１．０２％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、１７．５６％、１２．３０％ 相似文献
3.
进行两个试验，测定杂交幼鳍鱼日粮胆碱需要量和日粮胆碱，对肝脂沉积的影响。试验日粮含０．７３克总含硫氨基酸／１００克日粮（０．４７ 克蛋氨酸＋０．２６克半胱氨酸／１００克日粮），满足而没有超过需要量。试验１和试验２的基础日粮中分别添加等级水平的重酒石酸胆碱和氯化胆碱，每个试验分成８个日粮处理组，日粮处理含０、２５０、５００、１０００、２０００、４０００、６０００和８０００ｍｇ胆碱／Ｋｇ干日粮，试验１ 相似文献
4.
艾维茵肉种鸡产蛋高峰期蛋氨酸添加试验 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
１材料与方法１９９９年３月１０日至５月１０日 ,对石河子绿洲肉种鸡场的３１周龄、健康无病、产蛋率为８１%的８６０套艾维茵肉种鸡饲喂６０ｄ。试验用蛋氨酸从德国进口 ,生物活性９９%。采用１×４因子试验设计 ,将８６０套艾维茵肉种鸡随机分为４组 ,接受同一基础日粮处理 ,其中一组为对照组 ,喂基础日粮 ,蛋氨酸水平为０．２６ % ;Ⅰ ,Ⅱ ,Ⅲ组为试验组 ,蛋氨酸添加量分别为０．１０ % ,０．１４%和０．１８% ,四组除蛋氨酸水平不同外 ,其它均一致。每千克基础日粮含代谢能为１１．８４ＭＪ／ｋｇ、粗蛋白１７．８%、钙３．０３%、有效… 相似文献
5.
选择４５日龄太行山兔１００只，研究在含硫氨基酸水平不同的日粮中添加硫酸钠对营养物质利用率的影响。结果在含硫氨基酸达到需要量８０％～９６％的日粮中添加０．２％～０．４％的硫酸钠，能明显提高氮的利用率，同时对提高干物质和有机物质的消化率也有作用，但未达显著水平（Ｐ＞０．０５）。其中以含硫氨基酸为需要量的９６％时添加０．２％硫酸钠效果最佳。摄入氮和可消化氮的沉积率分别提高１９．８０％和１８．７９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明：在含硫氨基酸不足的ａ粮中添加适量的硫酸钠，可以提高氮及其它营养物质的利用率，从而促进生长。 相似文献
6.
本试验以低胆碱、低蛋氨酸饲粮为基础饲粮,通过两因子二次回归正交旋转组合设计,旨在研究 １～２１日龄肉仔鸡胆碱和蛋氨酸的最佳需要量。试验选用 １日龄爱拔益加（ＡＡ）肉仔鸡 ４８０只,随机分为 １２个组,其中 １～８组为试验组,９～１２组为中心组,每组 ４个重复,每个重复 １０只鸡,公母各占 １／２。分别以胆碱和蛋氨酸为自变量,以反映肉仔鸡生长性能和屠宰性能的各项指标为因变量拟合回归方程,估计 １～２１日龄肉仔鸡胆碱和蛋氨酸需要量。试验期２１ｄ。结果表明：一定水平的胆碱和蛋氨酸可显著改善 １～２１日龄肉仔鸡的平均日增重、料重比、屠宰率和腹脂率。从响应面图可以看出,当蛋氨酸水平为 ０．５０％ ～０．７０％时,随着胆碱水平的降低,肉仔鸡 平 均 日 增 重 逐 渐 降 低;当 蛋 氨 酸 水 平 为 ０．４２％ ～０．５０％,胆 碱 水 平 为 １３００～１７３８ｍｇ／ｋｇ时,肉仔鸡的料重比达到最低;蛋氨酸水平为 ０．５０％ ～０．７０％时,屠宰率随着蛋氨酸水平的升高而下降,蛋氨酸为 ０．３６％ ～０．５０％时,随着胆碱水平的升高,屠宰率呈上升趋势;随着胆碱水平的升高,腹脂率逐渐降低,当胆碱水平为 １３００～１９２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ时,腹脂率随蛋氨酸水平的降低而下降。在本试验条件下,当胆碱水平为１４３４～１６３１ｍｇ／ｋｇ,蛋氨酸水平为０．４７％时,肉仔鸡可达到最佳生长性能;当胆碱水平为 １９８４ｍｇ／ｋｇ,蛋氨酸水平为 ０．４９％时,肉仔鸡可达到最佳屠宰性能。 相似文献
7.
肉兔日粮中添加硫酸钠对营养物质利用率影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
选择４５日龄太行山兔１００只，研究在合硫氨基酸水平不同的日粮中添加硫酸钠对营养物质利用率的影响。结果在含硫氨基酸达到需要量８０％～９６％的日粮中添加０．２％～０．４％的硫酸钠，能明显提高氮利用率，同时对提高干物质和有机物质的消化率也有作用，但未达显著水平（Ｐ＞０．０５）。其中以含硫氨基酸为需要的９６％时添加０．２％硫酸钠效果最佳。摄入氮和可消化氮的沉积率分别提高１９．８０％和１８．７９％（Ｐ＜０． 相似文献
8.
矮小型褐壳蛋鸡蛋白质和含硫氨基酸需要量的研究Ⅱ代谢试验和血浆游离氨基酸测定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
将２７０只矮小型褐壳蛋鸡随机分成９组，饲喂９种不同蛋白质和含硫氨基酸水平日粮。９种试验日粮分别含有１１．５０ＭＪ／ｋｇ代谢能和１６．５２％、１７．２９％、１８．１７％粗蛋白质以及０．６２％、０．６６％、０．７２％含硫氨基酸，研究矮小型褐壳蛋鸡蛋白质和含硫氨基酸的需要量。代谢试验结果表明，４０周龄矮小型褐壳蛋鸡每日采食１４．１３ｇ蛋白质和０．５５８ｇＳ—氨基酸时，氮存留量达到最大值。血浆游离氨基酸测定结果证实，３６周龄矮小型褐壳蛋鸡每日采食０．５５６ｇ含硫氨基酸时，可满足产蛋需要。此结果和饲养试验对蛋白质和含硫氨基酸的估测量相一致 相似文献
9.
在蛋种鸡和肉种鸡日粮中添加核黄素的效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在３６８只京黄肉种鸡父母代和５３５只京白蛋种鸡父母代日粮中按每天每只２．５ｍｇ添加核黄素，经４５天饲养试验，其结果表明：试验组京黄肉种鸡种蛋的合格率和受精蛋孵化率分别比对照组提高４．４％（ｐ＜０．０５）和７．２３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；京白蛋种鸡分别比对照组提高４．３％和４．０４％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。试验组的产蛋率和种蛋受精率也较对照组有所提高，料蛋比有所下降（Ｐ＞０．０５）。 相似文献
10.
11.
本试验通过研究日粮粗蛋白质（CP）水平对大午金凤商品代蛋鸡产蛋高峰期生产性能和蛋品质的影响,确定其CP需要量。试验选取31周龄大午金凤商品代蛋鸡480只,随机分入4个处理组,每组12个重复,每个重复10只蛋鸡,4个处理CP水平分别为13.5%、14.5%、15.5%、16.5%。预试期7 d,正试期63 d。试验期间每天记录蛋鸡产蛋数、蛋重和不合格蛋数,每2周以重复为单位统计采食量,计算平均日采食量（ADFI）和料蛋比（F/E）;试验第6周时,每个重复取3枚鸡蛋测定蛋品质。结果表明：①日粮CP水平对蛋鸡日产蛋量、日采食量、料蛋比有显著影响（P<0.05）。16.5% CP组的日产蛋量、平均日采食量均显著高于13.5%和14.5% CP组（P<0.05）,且随着日粮CP水平的提高日产蛋量呈线性增加（P<0.05）;16.5% CP组的料蛋比显著低于13.5%、14.5%和15.5% CP组（P<0.05）。②日粮CP水平对蛋壳占比、蛋黄颜色有显著影响（P<0.05）,13.5% CP组的蛋壳占比显著高于16.5% CP组（P<0.05）,且随着日粮CP水平的提高呈线性降低（P<0.05）;13.5% CP组的蛋黄颜色显著高于16.5% CP组（P<0.05）,且随着日粮CP水平的提高蛋黄颜色呈线性降低（P<0.05）。建立料蛋比与日粮CP水平之间的回归曲线（y＝275x2-86.4x+8.7356）,经计算,获得最小料蛋比的日粮CP需要量为15.7%。结合本试验生产性能和蛋品质,推荐大午金凤商品代蛋鸡产蛋高峰期CP需要量为15.7%。 相似文献
12.
3～6周肉仔鸡苏氨酸、色氨酸需要量的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本试验研究 3～ 6周肉仔鸡苏氨酸 (Thr)和色氨酸 (Trp)的需要量。Thr和Trp各设四个水平 ,日粮总Thr的含量为 0 .66%、0 .70 %、0 .74 %和 0 .78%,真可消化Thr的含量为 0 .57%、0 .61 %、0 .65%和0 .69%;日粮总Trp的含量为 0 .1 7%、0 .1 8%、0 .1 9%和 0 .2 0 %,真可消化Trp的含量为 0 .1 5%、0 .1 6%、0 .1 7%和 0 .1 8%。采用两因子完全随机设计。对体增重、饲料转化率、氮表观存留率和血清尿酸浓度等指标进行了测定。结果表明 :3～ 6周肉仔鸡粗蛋白水平降到 1 8%仍有较好的饲养效果 ;Thr和Trp间存在交互作用 ,且对体增重和饲料转化率有显著影响 ;综合考虑各项指标 ,日粮总Thr和Trp的需要量为0 .66%和 0 .1 8%～ 0 .1 9%,真可消化Thr和Trp的需要量为 0 .57%和 0 .1 6%～ 0 .1 7%。 相似文献
13.
1. Two experiments were carried out to examine the possibility of replacing a part of the methionine content with choline in a layers’ diet.
2. In the first a low methionine diet with 2.6 g methionine/kg was supplemented with 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g DL‐methionine/kg. Choline at 1.12 g/kg was added to the diets, which contained 5.4, 6.0 and 6.6 g TSAA.
3. In the second diets with 3.02, 3.80, 4.53, 5.30, 6.04 and 6.51 g TSAA/kg were used and 0.94 g choline/kg was added to these diets.
4. Supplemental methionine increased egg production but not egg weight in the first experiment. When the low TSAA diet was supplemented with choline, egg output increased slightly but not significantly.
5. When supplemental methionine was added to the low protein and TSAA diets in experiment 2 it increased egg production and egg weight. Added choline did not increase egg production or egg weight, even with the diet very low in protein and TSAA. Body weight gain, food intake and feed conversion efficiency of food utilisation were improved by supplemental methionine but not choline. 相似文献
14.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2014,23(4):729-734
The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional requirement of digestible Trp for white egg layers in the period from 60 to 76 wk of age. A total of 180 Dekalb White layers with an average weight of 1,345 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with 5 increasing levels of digestible Trp (0.167, 0.175, 0.183, 0.191, and 0.199%), 6 replicates, and 6 birds per experimental unit. The diets of the treatments contained 0.759% of digestible Lys, which was obtained using the prediction equation of the Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine, and each treatment consisted of a digestible Trp-to-Lys ratio of 22, 23, 24, 25, or 26%. The digestible Trp levels in the diet had a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass, and conversion per mass and per dozen eggs, and a linear effect on egg weight. In conclusion, a diet with 0.192% digestible Trp, in a 25.33% ratio with digestible Lys or 212 mg/bird per day, can be recommended for white egg layers of 60 to 76 wk of age. 相似文献
15.
1. The aim of this study was to determine the nitrogen balance and the performance of laying hens fed on diets with a protein content lower than the diets currently used in commercial practice but with adequate concentrations of lysine, sulphur amino acids, tryptophan and threonine. 2. Ninety-six Hy-Line Brown hens, 24 weeks old, were divided into 3 groups of 8 replicates and received, for 16 weeks, diets formulated to have 3 different protein concentrations: 170 (control), 150 and 130 g/kg CP and the same energy content. For each protein concentration, the contents of lysine, methionine, methionine+cystine, tryptophan and threonine were maintained at minimum requirement concentrations by supplying synthetic amino acids. 3. In the first half of the trial, egg production and egg weight were similar in all groups. From the 9th week onwards group 150 CP laid heavier eggs and had a slightly lower egg deposition and total mass. Food conversion ratio was best in the control group. 4. Nitrogen intake was related to the protein concentration of the diet, the food intake being almost the same in the 3 experimental groups. Faecal nitrogen content significantly and linearly decreased with reduction in dietary protein content and was about 50% of the intake. Considering the nitrogen faecal/intake ratio, the 150 CP group showed better nitrogen utilisation at each sampling time. 相似文献
16.
Nitrogen balance in barrows fed low-protein diets supplemented with essential amino acids 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
D. Deng R.L. Huang T.J. Li G.Y. Wu M.Y. Xie Z.R. Tang P. Kang Y.M. Zhang M.Z. Fan X.F. Kong Z. Ruan H. Xiong Z.Y. Deng Y.-L. Yin 《Livestock Science》2007,109(1-3):220-223
This study was conducted to determine the effect of addition of essential amino acids (EAA) to low-protein diets on N balance in barrows. Thirty barrows (Duroc × Yorkshire) with an initial BW of 36 kg were fed 5 corn- and soybean meal-based diets containing 13.6 to 18.2% crude protein (CP) for 10 d in a randomized complete block design. The 18.2% CP diet was formulated without addition of EAA (Lys, Met or Thr). The other diets contained 13.6 to 16.5% CP and were supplemented with EAA to provide 0.83% true digestible lysine equal to that in the 18.2% CP diet. Fecal, urinary, and total N excretion as well as N retention (g/d) decreased with decreasing dietary CP level (P < 0.01). The apparent digestibility of N was almost the same for the 18.2 and 16.5 CP diets, but the value was 2% higher (P = 0.07) than that for the 13.6% CP diet. These findings indicate that, compared with the 18.2% CP diets, supplementation with three EAA to the lowest-protein diets (13.6 CP) is inadequate for maximum intestinal protein digestion, amino acid absorption, or tissue protein deposition in growing barrows. 相似文献
17.
Four nursery experiments were conducted using a methionine (Met)-deficient feather meal-corn-soybean meal-dried whey basal diet (20% CP; 3,250 kcal of ME/kg, .11% choline, .19% Met, 1.00% cystine) supplemented with lysine, tryptophan, and histidine to determine the Met requirement of 5- to 10- and 10- to 20-kg pigs. Based on a true Met digestibility value of 81.6% estimated by a pig ileal digestibility assay, the Met-deficient basal diet contained .155% of digestible Met. A preliminary experiment (Exp. 1) indicated that pigs fed the Met-deficient basal diet when fortified adequately with Met could produce weight gains similar to those of pigs fed a 20% CP practical corn-soybean meal-dried whey diet. In Exp. 2 and 3, crossbred pigs weighing 5.8 kg initially were fed diets containing graded levels of digestible Met between .195 and .355%. Average daily gain increased quadratically (P less than .05) as the level of Met increased. When the data of Exp. 2 and 3 were examined together, the digestible Met requirement of 5- to 10-kg pigs was estimated to be .255% of the diet. In Exp. 4 and 5, crossbred pigs averaging 10 kg were fed digestible Met concentrations ranging from .155 to .315%. Average daily gain increased quadratically (P less than .05). The digestible Met requirement of 10- to 20-kg pigs was estimated at .255% for maximal weight gain, which was similar to that of 5- to 10-kg pigs. Assuming an 89% digestibility of Met in practical corn-soybean meal diets, the total Met level needed in practice would be .29%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
18.
M. B. de Lima E. P. da Silva R. Pereira G. G. Romano L. W. de Freitas C. T. S. Dias J. F. M. Menten 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(3):780-788
Choline is an essential nutrient in poultry diets because it performs various important metabolic functions. The objective of this study was to re‐evaluate the choline requirements of male broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age at two levels of methionine. Two assays using 2,160 Cobb® chickens (1,080 in each assay) were conducted. The study design was completely randomized and consisted of six treatments and six replicates, with 30 animals per experimental unit. The semipurified basal diet was formulated with corn, soya bean meal, soya protein concentrate, starch and sugar, providing 390 mg/kg choline and 0.593% digestible methionine (requirement level) in Assay 1 and a reduction of about one‐quarter in the requirement level of digestible methionine (0.440%) in Assay 2. Choline chloride (62.5%) was added by a supplementation technique to both basal diets to compose crescent levels of choline supplementation (715, 1,040, 1,365, 1,690 and 2,015 mg/kg). The weight gain responses were fitted using quadratic polynomial (QP) and broken‐line (BL) models. The ideal intake of choline (mg/bird.day) was estimated from the first intercept of the QP with the BL plateau (BL + QP). The results showed that the diet with the 25% reduction in digestible methionine limited the maximum weight gain by approximately 10%. The choline requirements of broilers from 1 to 7, 1 to 14 and 1 to 21 days of age were 27,013, 44,458 and 62,535 mg/bird.day, respectively, for the requirement level of digestible methionine and 26,796, 41,820 and 56,578 mg/bird.day for the broilers receiving the diet with the 25% reduction in digestible methionine. 相似文献
19.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2007,16(2):234-239
This study examined hatchery feeding of starter diets differing in amino acid density and moisture on live performance measurements up to 37 d and processing measurements at 38 d. Eggs from a Cobb × Cobb 500 slow-feathering cross broiler strain were set in a common incubator and hatched. Chicks were feather-sexed, placed in 36 chick trays (25 chicks of each sex), and weighed by tray. One of 4 dietary treatments was administered (454 g/tray) in crumble form: 1) no feed; 2) feed containing 1.24% digestible Lys, 0.84% digestible TSAA, 0.80% digestible Thr, 23.2% CP, and 3,080 kcal/kg of ME; 3) feed containing 1.45% digestible Lys, 0.94% digestible TSAA, 0.84% digestible Thr, 26.0% CP, and 3,080 kcal/kg of ME; and 4) treatment 3 plus 100 mL of potable water added to the crumbles 5 min before administration in the trays. Chicks received feed treatments in trays in the hatchery, during transportation to the research facility, and in the research facility until placement (5 h of total tray feeding). Body weight gain at d 7 was increased in birds fed the high density diet alone or in combination with water as compared with birds that were fasted. Subsequent live performance, processing, and small intestine weights, however, did not differ among treatments. Lack of 37-d improvements (average 4.6-lb birds) to early feed allocation may be a result of diet composition, duration of diet allocation, and the genetic strain of bird used, because much literature has pointed to the importance of posthatch nutrition of broilers. 相似文献
20.
1. Supplemental methionine (MET) did not improve the reproductive performance of Medium White female breeder turkeys fed on maize‐soyabean diets of equal energy content, containing 100, 120 or 140 g crude protein (CP)/kg.
2. Egg production was significantly improved by feeding diets containing 120 or 140 g GP/kg compared with 100 g/kg, and egg weight was significantly improved by feeding 140 g CP/kg compared with 120 g/kg.
3. These results indicate that an amino acid(s) other than MET was limiting in diets from which hens obtained 16 g CP, 0.3 g MET and 0.6 g total sulphur amino acids (TSAA)/bird d, and that MET was not limiting at 24 g CP, 0.4 g MET and 0.8 g TSAA/bird d. 相似文献