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以田间发病率和病情指数为指标,在甘肃榆中县品种比较试验田,对12个紫花苜蓿(Medica-go sativa)品种进行了抗霜霉病(Peronospora estioalis)、白粉病(Leueillula leguminosarum)、褐斑病(Pseudopeziza medicaginis)的调查。结果表明,不同苜蓿品种对抗霜霉病的表现为甘农5号、苜蓿王、驯鹿、游客、中兰1号的病情指数分别为8.1、8.1、8.0、2.5、1.1,属高抗品种;哥萨克的病情指数为45.0,发病率为75.6%,属高感品种。对抗白粉病的表现,驯鹿的病情指数4.2,为高抗品种;阿尔冈金、甘农5号为抗性品种;而哥萨克、苜蓿王、德宝的病情指数分别为25.6,23.9和15.6,均属感病品种。对抗褐斑病的表现,新疆大叶、甘农3号、皇后的发病率分别为90.0%,88.9%和76.7%,为高感品种。 相似文献
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R. Lavoué J.J. Van Der Lugt M.J. Day M. Georges V. Busoni A.C. Merveille A. Poujade D. Peeters 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(2):314-322
Background: Familial juvenile glomerulonephropathy (JGN) is reported in several breeds of dogs. The mode of inheritance and spectrum of pathological lesions vary among breeds. A progressive JGN was detected in a pedigree of French Mastiff (FM) dogs. Objectives: To describe clinical, laboratory, and histopathologic findings in related FM dogs suffering from progressive JGN and to determine the mode of inheritance of this condition. Animals: Sixteen affected and 35 healthy related FM dogs Methods: FM dogs <24 months of age and diagnosed with chronic kidney disease with evidence of proteinuria entered the study. Clinical, laboratory, histopathologic findings, and pedigree data were recorded. Results: Clinical signs were typical of progressive glomerulopathy with resultant renal failure. Increased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and total cholesterol concentrations, and proteinuria were found in all patients. Affected dogs had abnormal kidney structure on abdominal ultrasound examination. Histopathologic examination revealed extensive cystic glomerular atrophy, glomerular hypercellularity, and capillary wall thickening without immune complex deposition when tested with immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. Electron microscopy did not disclose specific primary glomerular lesions. Mean age at death was 20 months and mean length of survival after diagnosis was 6 months. Both males and females from healthy parents were affected. An autosomal recessive mode of transmission is suspected, but a more complex mode of inheritance cannot be excluded. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Progressive familial JGN occurs in FM dogs. Characterization of the pathogenesis and mode of inheritance of this disease warrants additional study. 相似文献
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鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、传染性法氏囊病三联弱毒疫苗的试制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用同胚培养的鸡新城疫Lasota株和传染性支气管炎H120（或H52）株以及用鸡胚成纤维细胞增殖的传染性法氏囊弱毒株以适当比例混合为抗原,用蔗糖脱脂乳作保护剂,经真空冷冻干燥制成三联弱毒疫苗。通过三批疫苗室内外各项指标的测试,表明该三联疫苗安全性能可靠,免疫效果确实,使用方法简便。在实验室进行的物理性状检验、无茵检验、支原体检验、剩余水分检验、真空度检查均符合国家标准;用10倍大剂量接种15日龄雏鸡无不良反应;以常规量颈部皮下接种免疫后,7d产生免疫力,免疫后14d抗鸡新城疫、鸡传染性支气管炎、鸡传染性法氏囊病三株强毒攻击的保护率均为,100％。对15日龄雏鸡首免,其免疫期至少为30d,在-25℃保存期为1年。 相似文献
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Skelly BJ Franklin RJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(2):133-141
Lysosomal storage diseases are rare, inherited disorders caused by the deficiency of 1 or more enzymes within the lysosomes of cells or by the deficiency of an activating protein or cofactor necessary for enzyme activity. The enzyme deficiency leads to a catabolic blockade and subsequent accumulation of storage material, and this in turn leads, albeit indirectly, to a wide array of clinical signs. Many features of storage diseases make them difficult to recognize and diagnose. In this review, we summarize the clinical features of these diseases and outline the steps required to confirm a diagnosis. 相似文献
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马立克氏病的发病机理及马立克氏病疫苗的免疫机理 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文综述了马立克氏病（MD）的发病机理和MD疫苗的免疫机制，表明IFN-γ的NO在MD致病机理中具有重要作用，它们在MDV溶细胞感染过程和潜伏感染过程中抑制了病毒的复制；特异性和非特异性免疫反应参与了疫苗免疫的过程，细胞毒性T细胞（CTLs）在特异性免疫反应中具有特别重要的作用。 相似文献
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前文报道了原核生物界薄壁菌门中引发桑疫病、桑青枯病、桑枝软腐病、桑枯萎病、桑叶斑病的病原细菌及其病害的研究进展。本文介绍原核生物界软壁菌门中引发桑萎缩病、桑皱褶花叶病和疵壁菌门中引发桑叶日灼病等的病原菌分类演变及其侵染循环,桑树发病规律与病害防治方面的主要研究进展,其中对桑萎缩病进行了重点介绍,内容涵盖国内外学者近一个世纪的研究成果。 相似文献
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Evans J Katz ML Levesque D Shelton GD de Lahunta A O'Brien D 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2005,19(1):44-51
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are inherited neurodegenerative diseases characterized by accumulations of autofluorescent lipopigments within cells of the nervous system. Nine related American Bulldogs demonstrated dysmetria in all limbs and paraparesis. Nonambulatory tetraparesis was observed only in the later stages of the disease. The clinical signs developed between 1 and 3 years of age and were slowly progressive over several years, which is inconsistent with most reports in other breeds. Results from blood tests for 8 different lysosomal storage diseases on 4 affected and 6 related but unaffected dogs were negative. Four affected dogs were euthanized and histopathologic examinations showed diffuse accumulations of periodic acid-Schiff-positive inclusions in neurons and axonal spheroids along the entire neuraxis and retinae. The most severe lesions were in the brainstem proprioceptive nuclei and spinal cord, consistent with clinical signs. The storage material was autofluorescent and immunohistochemically positive for products of lipid peroxidation. Ultrastructural analysis was consistent with NCL. Pedigree analysis supports an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. NCL has not been previously reported in the American Bulldog and these findings suggest a variant form of the canine disease. 相似文献
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A.J. Brown E. Davison M.M. Sleeper 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(4):850-854
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in dogs carries a poor prognosis. Sildenafil increases exercise capacity and improves hemodynamics in people with PAH. Hypothesis/Objectives: Dogs receiving sildenafil will have lower pulmonary arterial pressure, increased exercise capacity, and better quality of life (QOL) than dogs receiving placebo. Animals: Thirteen dogs with echocardiographic evidence of PAH. Methods: Prospective short‐term, randomized, placebo controlled, double‐blind, crossover study. Dogs with PAH were randomly allocated to receive sildenafil or placebo for 4 weeks, followed by the alternative treatment for 4 weeks. Results: Dogs receiving sildenafil had a significantly lower estimated pulmonary arterial pressure (median, 56 mmHg; range, 34–83 mmHg) than at baseline (median, 72 mmHg; range, 61–86 mmHg; P= .018), but not significantly lower than those receiving placebo (median, 62 mmHg; range, 49–197 mmHg). Exercise capacity was significantly greater in dogs receiving sildenafil than those receiving placebo (mean activity count per minute: 101 ± 47 versus 74 ± 32; P= .05). QOL scores were significantly higher in dogs receiving sildenafil than dogs receiving placebo. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Sildenafil decreases systolic pulmonary arterial pressure from baseline in dogs with PAH and is associated with increased exercise capacity and QOL when compared to treatment with placebo. 相似文献
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Abstract— Decreased levels of total body zinc can lead to profound effects on both the immune and integumentary systems. Unfortunately, accurate measurements of total body zinc are difficult because the mineral is ubiquitous in the environment and many endogenous and exogenous factors can falsely elevate or depress measurements. In man, various dermatologic and non-dermatologic diseases have been associated with low serum zinc levels. The objective of this study was to analyse by atomic absorption and compare the serum zinc levels of healthy dogs, dogs with non-dermatologic diseases, dogs with allergic skin diseases and dogs with other dermatologic diseases. Using the Student-Newman-Keuls test, no significant differences in the mean serum zinc levels were demonstrated among any of the four groups (P > 0.05). Résumé— Une diminution des taux zinc total dans le corps peut avoir de profondes répercussions sur la réponse immunitaire et les systèmes tégumentaires. Malheureusement, La mesure du taux global de zinc corporel ets difficile car ce miniral est ubiquitaire dans l'environnement et de nombreux facteurs endogènes ou exogènes peuvent élever ou diminuer de façon erronnée les dosages. Chez l'homme, quelques maladies, dermatologiques ou non, ont été associées à des zincémies faibles, objectif de cette étude était d'analyser par absorptio atomique et comparer les zincémies plasmatiques de chiens sains, atteints de maladies générales et de maladies cutanées. En utilisant le test de Student-Newman-Keuls, aucune difference significative n'a été retrouvée entre les 4 groupes (P > 0.05). Resumen Niveles bajos de zinc pueden conducir a profundos efectos en tanto el sistema inmunitario, como en el integumentario. Desafortunadamente la medida de la cantidad total de zinc en el organismo es compleja debido a la ubicuidad del mineral en el medio ambiente, y a la gran cantidad de factores endógenos y exógenos que pueden producir medidas falsas del mismo. En medicina humana se han asociado varias enfermedades dermatólogicas y sistémicas con bajos niveles de zinc. El objetivo de éste estudio es el análisis por medio del método de absorción atómica y la comparación de los niveles de zinc en el suero de perros sanos, perros con enfermedades de tipo general, perros con enfermedades de piel de tipo alérgico, y perros que presentaban enfermedades cutáneas de tipo no alérgico. Utilizando el test de Student-Newman-Keuls no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la cantidad media de zinc en suero delos cuatro grupos (P > 0.05). 相似文献
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2010-2012年期间,应用衣原体间接血凝试验和布鲁氏菌病试管凝集试验对采自海北州所属4县的部分牦牛血清进行了衣原体和布鲁氏菌病的检测,结果在3351份牦牛血清中,检出衣原体阳性血清94份,阳性率2.8％;另从采集的6303份牦牛血清样品,检出布鲁氏菌病阳性血清388份,阳性率6.15％.表明,海北州的牦牛群中存在衣原体病和布病的感染. 相似文献
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Bisphosphonates (BPs) are drugs widely used in various bone diseases, mainly for their skeletal antiresorptive effect. Nowadays, they are also used to treat degenerative pathologies such as arthritis because of their particular anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Since the sixties, BPs with different characteristics and biological activity profiles have been studied, although most of the pharmacologic and clinical trials have been carried out in humans. By 2002, however, tiludronate was granted a marketing license in France for use in horses. The objective of this article is to review the literature available on BPs and apply this knowledge, either experimentally or clinically, to equine osteoarticular disease therapy. 相似文献
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A.E. Schultze R.K. Jensen 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1989,18(4):93-97
A preliminary investigation was performed to evaluate the use of a new, noninvasive technique for the localization of canine renal lesions by electrophoresis of urinary proteins. Urine specimens from six clinically healthy, nonproteinuric dogs and 12 dogs with persistent proteinuria were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE). Urine electrophoretic patterns of proteinuric dogs were classified as glomerular (n=4), tubular (n=2), or mixed (glomerular and tubular) (n=6), based on the number and molecular weight of the silver-stained protein bands. Renal tissues from biopsies or necropsies were obtained from eight of the dogs with proteinuric disease. Interpretation of seven of eight electrophoretograms agreed with the histologic interpretation of renal lesions. We concluded SDS PAGE is a potentially valuable technique for detection and localization of renal lesions in dogs with proteinuric disease. 相似文献
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《Veterinary parasitology》2015,207(1-2):140-143
Cryptosporidium spp. is the most important parasitic diarrheal agent in the world, is among the top four causes of moderate-to-severe diarrheal disease in young children in developing nations, and is problematic as an opportunistic co-infection with HIV. In addition, Cryptosporidium is a persistent challenge for livestock production. Despite its zoonotic potential, few studies have examined the ecology and epidemiology of this pathogen in rural systems characterized by high rates of overlap among humans, domesticated animals, and wildlife. To improve our understanding of the zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium species in the rural tropics, we screened humans, livestock, peridomestic rodents, and wildlife using PCR-RFLP and sequencing-based approaches to distinguish species of Cryptosporidium in rural southeastern Madagascar. Cryptosporidium of multiple species/genotypes were apparent in this study system. Interestingly, C. suis was the dominant species of Cryptosporidium in the region, infecting humans (n = 1), cattle (n = 18), pigs (n= 3), and rodents (n = 1). The broad species range of C. suis and the lack of common cattle Cryptosporidium species (Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium andersoni) in this system are unique. This report represents the fifth confirmed case of C. suis infection in humans, and the first case in Africa. Few rural human and livestock populations have been screened for Cryptosporidium using genus-specific genotyping methods. Consequently, C. suis may be more widespread in human and cattle populations than previously believed. 相似文献
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RL Sanson 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):223-233
AIM: To quantify the numbers and extent of movements off sheep and cattle farms in New Zealand, in order to construct more realistic simulation models to investigate how infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) might spread. METHODS: Farmers from 500 randomly selected farms, comprising 100 from each of the following sectors, viz beef, dairy, grazing/dairy heifer rearing, sheep, and mixed sheep and beef, were asked to fill in diaries in which they recorded the movements of all animals, products, people, vehicles and equipment coming on to or leaving their farms during two separate 3-week periods, representing relatively ‘busy’ and ‘quiet’ times of the year with respect to livestock movements. Where possible, the destination of each movement was identified and geo-coded, to allow the distance travelled to be calculated. Each movement was then classified according to the risk of transfer of FMD virus (FMDV), should the disease have been present on the study farm at the time of the movement. The data were then analysed to establish movement frequencies and distributions of distances travelled, by the different pastoral livestock sectors. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventeen farmers returned one or more diaries. One hundred and ninety-three farmers completed a Busy-period diary, recording a total of 12,052 movements off their farms, a crude average of 62.4 per 3-week period, or 2.97 per day. Of these, 4.0% involved the transport of livestock, equating to 0.12 livestock consignments per day. In contrast, 186 Quiet-period diaries were returned, recording a total of 10,885 movements off, representing a crude average of 58.5 during the 3-week period, or 2.78 per day. Of these, 2.1% involved livestock, equating to 0.06 livestock consignments per day. The mean and median distances travelled during the Busy periods were 30.9 km and 13.1 km, respectively (range 0–1,167 km). In comparison, the mean and median distances travelled during Quiet periods were 41.3 and 14 km, respectively (range 0.4–1,203 km). CONCLUSIONS: People, vehicles, livestock and other items can travel off pastoral livestock farms in New Zealand to other farms either directly or via saleyards over extensive distances. This has implications for the potential spread of infectious diseases such as FMD. Movement parameters intended for use in the InterSpread Plus inter-farm simulation model of FMD were established, which will facilitate the prediction of likely spread and efficacy of controls in the unlikely event of a real-life outbreak. 相似文献
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Zhang Q Li D Liu X Liu Z Cai X Wu G Qi S Yang S Yan X Shang Y He J Ma J Li J Ma W Han R Liu X Zhang J Xie Q Zhang Z 《Research in veterinary science》2008,85(2):368-371
This study was carried out to investigate the biological characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus strain Asia-1 China/2005, which is responsible for the 2005 epidemic in China. The result showed that this strain is not host restricted, and could not only cause FMD in cattle and sheep but also in pigs by either inoculation or direct contact. 相似文献
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John M. Losonsky DVM MS Donald E. Thrall DVM PhD Robert E. Lewis DVM MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1983,24(3):120-123
Thoracic radiographs of 200 dogs with spontaneously occurring heartworm disease were reviewed. Radiographs of 28 dogs (14%) were normal. In the remaining 172 dogs various combinations of cardiopulmonary abnormalties were found. The most frequently observed combination, noted in 61 of 200 dogs, was right ventricular, main pulmonary, and right cranial lobar pulmonary artery enlargemetn. Dogs with severe increse of one parameter generally had severe increase of the other two parameters also. One hundred five of the 200 dogs had a right cranial lobar pulmonary artery of normal size. Thus, right cranial lobar pulmonary artery size, when normal, is not a sensitive indicator of the absence of heartworm disease. There was a statistically significant positive relation between the size of the caudal vena cava and that of the right ventricle. 相似文献