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1.
对闽江河口原生植被芦苇沼泽,以及由其转化的不同其它土地利用类型(滩涂养殖地、水田、草地、撂荒地和池塘养殖地)的表层(0-50 cm)沉积物(或土壤)有机碳和活性有机碳含量的研究,结果表明,滩涂养殖地、水田、池塘养殖地、草地和撂荒地的土壤有机碳含量分别比芦苇沼泽地低27%,75%,67%,1%,60%;在有机碳储量方面,滩涂养殖地、水田、池塘养殖地和撂荒地比天然芦苇沼泽地分别低11%,50%,37%,24%,草地有机碳储量比芦苇高44%;草地土壤有机碳含量和储量随土层加深而递减的幅度比芦苇地大;水田有机碳含量和储量垂直变化不明显,弃耕后,表层有机碳含量提高,垂直变化明显。不同土地利用方式间土壤活性有机碳含量的差异比有机碳的差异大,与芦苇地相比,滩涂养殖地、水田、池塘、草地活性有机碳含量分别低24%,83%,84%,42%;撂荒10年的弃耕地与水稻田土壤相比,活性有机碳含量提高了47%。  相似文献   

2.
李龙  秦富仓  姜丽娜  姚雪玲  王晓军 《土壤》2019,51(2):406-412
以内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗为研究对象,以实地调查数据为基础,结合土地利用方式与地形的变化,对敖汉旗0～100 cm深度土壤有机碳含量的空间分布特征进行了研究,旨在对地区碳储量的估算和科学利用土地资源起到积极的借鉴作用。结果表明,敖汉旗土壤有机碳含量在0～100 cm深度的土壤剖面内的变化范围为0.23～20.71 g/kg,主要集中在40 cm以上土层,且随着土层深度的增加土壤有机碳平均含量逐渐降低;各土地利用方式下土壤有机碳含量均表现为:林地农地草地。土壤有机碳含量主要富集在高海拔区的平缓地段;受土壤侵蚀的影响,当坡度10°后,不同土地利用类型的有机碳含量均显著降低。  相似文献   

3.
Managing soil carbon requires accurate estimates of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and its dynamics, at scales able to capture the influence of local factors on the carbon pool. This paper develops a spatially explicit methodology to quantify SOC stocks in two contrasting regions of Southern Spain: Sierra Norte de Sevilla (SN) and Cabo de Gata (CG). Also, it examines the relationship between SOC stocks and local environmental factors. Results showed that mean SOC stocks were 4·3 kg m−2 in SN and 3·0 kg m−2 in CG. Differences in SOC in both sites were not significant, suggesting that factors other than climate have a greater influence on SOC stocks. A correlation matrix revealed that SOC has the highest positive correlation with clay content and soil depth. Based on the land use, the largest SOC stocks were found in grassland soils (4·4 kg m−2 in CG and 5·0 kg m−2 in SN) and extensive crops (3·0 kg m−2 in CG and 5·0 kg m−2 in SN), and the smallest under shrubs (2·8 kg m−2 in CG and 3·2 kg m−2 in SN) and forests soils (4·2 kg m−2 in SN). This SOC distribution is explained by the greatest soil depth under agricultural land uses, a common situation across the Mediterranean, where the deepest soils have been cultivated and natural vegetation mostly remains along the marginal sites. Accordingly, strategies to manage SOC stocks in southern Spain will have to acknowledge its high pedodiversity and long history of land use, refusing the adoption of standard global strategies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

4.
土地利用和管理方式对农牧交错带土壤碳密度的影响   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  
为研究农牧交错区土地利用和管理方式对土壤碳库的影响,以农牧交错区未扰动自然土壤的天然草地和扰动自然土壤的开垦农田为研究对象,测定了不同土地利用和管理方式下0～50 cm土层的土壤体积质量、土壤有机碳含量及土壤有机碳密度。结果表明,5种土地利用和管理方式下的土壤有机碳密度在8.21～11.30 kg/m2之间,土壤有机碳主要分布在土壤表层,随着土层深度增加,土壤有机碳含量和密度减小。未扰动自然土壤的天然草地,0～50 cm的土壤有机碳含量及碳密度高于扰动自然土壤的开垦农田及撂荒地,以草地围封刈割利用下的土壤有机碳密度最高,草地自由放牧利用下的土壤有机碳密度最低。扰动自然土壤的农田撂荒10 a后与开垦农田相比,0～50 cm土层的有机碳含量及碳密度显著提高。土地利用及管理方式的变化改变了土壤体积质量及土壤有机碳含量,进而影响了土壤有机碳密度。围封割草或控制放牧,是适宜农牧交错区增加生态系统土壤碳贮量的利用途径。  相似文献   

5.
Land‐use change often affects the sizes of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and the activities of soil enzymes. Responses of relevant soil quality indices caused by farmland conversion to orchard are largely unknown in the semiarid loess regions. This study was conducted at orchard sites, which have been under very intensive cultivation, to evaluate the impacts of farmland conversion to apple (Malus domestica) orchard on SOC stocks and soil enzyme activities in the semiarid loess region of Weibei, Shaanxi province, China. The spatial and temporal changes in a variety of soil quality indices were measured for the 0–100 cm soil profile in apple orchards of three age groups (< 10 y, juvenile; 10–15 y, mature; > 15 y, over‐mature) and adjacent farmlands (control). After farmland conversion, total SOC (TOC) content and density and soil alkaline phosphatase activity significantly decreased, while soil catalase activity increased for the 0–100 cm soil profile. The labile SOC (LOC) content, its proportion to TOC content, and carbon management index (CMI, changes in the total content and lability of SOC) significantly increased in the 0–40 cm soil layer, whereas soil urease and invertase activities only increased in the 0–20 cm layer (P < 0.05). With increasing age of apple orchards, SOC stocks significantly increased after 10 y, being more than 10% larger in mature and over mature orchards than in adjacent farmlands. The LOC content and CMI value also had an increasing trend, while soil enzyme activities showed different response patterns. There were significant correlations between soil enzyme activities, SOC fractions, and CMI value (P < 0.05). We concluded that farmland conversion to apple orchard affected soil quality by reducing SOC stocks in the soil profile and changing SOC content as well as soil enzyme activities at various depth intervals. Long‐term apple cultivation was effective to restore SOC stocks, although it took over a decade to rebuild a new increasing trend after farmland conversion.  相似文献   

6.
通过野外采样与室内实验相结合的方法,对川西典型亚高山不同海拔处暗针叶林、针阔混交林和常绿-落叶阔叶林3种森林类型表层土壤总有机碳（SOC）和活性有机碳的含量特征进行分析,旨在为亚高山生态系统土壤碳循环研究提供理论和数据支撑。结果表明：3种森林类型土壤中总有机碳含量（SOC）在44.21～179.98g·kg-1,表层（0-15cm）SOC含量大小顺序为针阔混交林＞常绿-落叶阔叶林＞暗针叶林,0-5cm土层SOC含量与活性有机碳含量均高于5-15cm土层,说明土壤有机碳具有土壤表聚现象。3种森林类型间SOC密度差异不显著,但不同森林类型土壤SOC密度沿土层的分布具有差别：与常绿-落叶阔叶林和暗针叶林相比,针阔混交林5-15cm土层SOC密度较高。土壤溶解性有机碳（DOC）、轻组分有机碳（LFOC）和微生物（MBC）含量均以针阔混交林最高,但其相对于SOC的比例则以暗针叶林最高,说明高海拔生态系统土壤活性有机碳有更大的累积,同时也暗示在气候变化背景下,高海拔生态系统可能具有更大的CO2排放风险。  相似文献   

7.
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important component in agricultural soil, and its stock is a major part of global carbon stocks. Estimating the SOC distribution and storage is important for improving soil quality and SOC sequestration. This study evaluated the SOC distribution different land uses and estimated the SOC storage by classifying the study area by land use in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that the SOC content and density were affected by land use. The SOC content for shrubland and natural grassland was significantly higher than for other land uses, and cropland had the lowest SOC content. The effect of land use on the SOC content was more significant in the 0-10 cm soil layer than in other soil layers. For every type of land use, the SOC content decreased with soil depth. The highest SOC density (0-60 cm) in the study area was found in shrublandII (Hippophae rhamnoides), and the other land uses decreased in the SOC density as follows: natural grassland > shrublandI (Caragana korshinskii) > abandoned cropland > orchard > level ground cropland > terrace cropland > artificial grassland. Shrubland and natural grassland were the most efficient types for SOC sequestration, followed by abandoned cropland. The SOC stock (0-60 cm) in this study was 23,584.77 t with a mean SOC density of 4.64 (0-60 cm).  相似文献   

8.
喀斯特石漠化区不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳分布特征   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  
为探究喀斯特土壤有机碳分布特征及其对人为干扰的响应,挖掘了2 854个土壤剖面,采集了22 786个土壤样品,分析了贵州省不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳分布规律;并结合贵州省石漠化防治规划,初步估算了石漠化防治工程的土壤碳增汇贡献。结果表明:贵州省土壤有机碳呈现含量高、密度小的特征。表层土壤(0-20cm)有机碳平均含量25.07g/kg,平均密度仅为4.27kg/m~2。不同用地类型土壤表层有机碳含量大小为灌木林地乔灌木林地灌草地乔木林地弃耕地与荒地草地水田园地旱地与坡耕地;表层碳密度大小为水田灌木林地乔木林地乔灌木林地弃耕地与荒地灌草地旱地与坡耕地草地园地。0-60cm土层土壤有机碳含量对人为干扰较为敏感,60-100cm土层土壤有机碳含量差异较小。实施退耕还林,人工种草及人工造林等石漠化防治工程会明显促进土壤有机碳的积累,到2050年,贵州省0-10,0-20,0-30,0-100cm土层土壤有机碳将增加1.99×10~(13),3.37×10~(13),4.45×10~(13),6.29×10~(13) g。可见,喀斯特地区土壤有机碳具有含量高、密度低的显著特征,石漠化治理能有效增加喀斯特地区土壤碳汇。  相似文献   

9.
基于土壤剖面测定数据计算中国土壤有机碳贮量   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
Soil organic carbon (SOC) storage under different types of vegetations in China were estimated using measured data of 2 440 soil profiles to compare SOC density distribution between different estimates, to map the soil organic carbon stocks under different types of vegetation in China, and to analyze the relationships between soil organic carbon stocks and environmental variables using stepwise regression analyses. Soil organic carbon storage in China was estimated at 69.38 Gt (1015 g). There was a big difference in SOC densities for various vegetation types, with SOC distribution closely related to climatic patterns in general. Stepwise regression analyses of SOC against environmental variables showed that SOC generally increased with increasing precipitation and elevation, while it decreased with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the important factor controlling SOC accumulation for forests was elevation, while for temperate steppes mean annual temperature dominated. The more specific the vegetation type used in the regression analysis, the greater was the effect of environmental variables on SOC. However, compared to native vegetation, cultivation activities in the croplands reduced the influence of environmental variables on SOC.  相似文献   

10.
贾豪  严宁珍  程永毅  刘洪斌 《核农学报》2019,33(6):1256-1263
为评价区域农田土壤肥力及优化农业生产管理措施,选取渝东南地区黔江区为研究区域,基于重庆市测土配方施肥的615个表层(0~20 cm)土样数据,运用地统计学和地理信息系统(GIS)相结合的方法分析黔江区土壤有机碳(SOC)的空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明,研究区土壤表层SOC含量为13.27 g·kg-1,变异系数为31.44%,具有中等程度的空间变异且空间自相关范围较大。块金效应为45.59%,空间分布受结构性因素和随机性因素的共同影响。研究区SOC分布呈斑块状,总体表现为东高西低。方差分析和回归分析表明,成土母质、土壤类型、土地利用方式及坡度、坡向对SOC的空间分布的影响极显著(P<0.01),土壤质地、海拔高度的影响显著(P<0.05)。随着海拔的增加,土壤中SOC含量也逐渐增加。而随着坡度增加,土壤中SOC含量呈先降低后增加的趋势。本研究结果为渝东南农田SOC管理及农作物合理施肥提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

11.
以干旱区典型绿洲农田区——玛纳斯县中部农田为研究区,以土壤有机碳为研究对象,结合野外土壤调查及实验室分析数据研究了土壤有机碳的垂直分布特征,并分析土壤质地、地形、土地利用、作物类型等不同因子对农田土壤有机碳的影响。结果表明:玛纳斯县中部农田土壤有机碳是自然环境综合因素的结果,土壤有机碳含量随着土壤深度的增加不断减小;不同土壤质地土壤有机碳含量的特征为:粘壤土粉壤土沙壤土;不同地形因子中坡向与农田0~30、30~60 cm层的土壤有机碳含量呈显著正相关,海拔与农田60~100 cm层的土壤有机碳含量呈显著正相关;不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳含量有较大差异,果园的土壤有机碳含量最高,荒地的土壤有机碳含量最低;不同作物类型土壤有机碳含量特征为:玉米地酒葡萄地棉花地,且差异显著。  相似文献   

12.
Introduction of conservation practices in degraded agricultural land will generally recuperate soil quality, especially by increasing soil organic matter. This aspect of soil organic C (SOC) dynamics under distinct cropping and management systems can be conveniently analyzed with ecosystem models such as the Century Model. In this study, Century was used to simulate SOC stocks in farm fields of the Ibirubá region of north central Rio Grande do Sul state in Southern Brazil. The region, where soils are predominantly Oxisols, was originally covered with subtropical woodlands and grasslands. SOC dynamics was simulated with a general scenario developed with historical data on soil management and cropping systems beginning with the onset of agriculture in 1900. From 1993 to 2050, two contrasting scenarios based on no-tillage soil management were established: the “status quo” scenario, with crops and agricultural inputs as currently practiced in the region and the “high biomass” scenario with increased frequency of corn in the cropping system, resulting in about 80% higher biomass addition to soils. Century simulations were in close agreement with SOC stocks measured in 2005 in the Oxisols with finer texture surface horizon originally under woodlands. However, simulations in the Oxisols with loamy surface horizon under woodlands and in the grassland soils were not as accurate. SOC stock decreased from 44% to 50% in fields originally under woodland and from 20% to 27% in fields under grasslands with the introduction of intensive annual grain crops with intensive tillage and harrowing operations. The adoption of conservation practices in the 1980s led to a stabilization of SOC stocks followed by a partial recovery of native stocks. Simulations to 2050 indicate that maintaining “status quo” would allow SOC stocks to recover from 81% to 86% of the native stocks under woodland and from 80% to 91% of the native stocks under grasslands. Adoption of a “high biomass” scenario would result in stocks from 75% to 95% of the original stocks under woodlands and from 89% to 102% in the grasslands by 2050. These simulations outcomes underline the importance of cropping system yielding higher biomass to further increase SOC content in these Oxisols. This application of the Century Model could reproduce general trends of SOC loss and recovery in the Oxisols of the Ibirubá region. Additional calibration and validation should be conducted before extensive usage of Century as a support tool for soil carbon sequestration projects in this and other regions can be recommended.  相似文献   

13.
Soils are the third biggest sink of carbon on the earth. Hence, suitable land uses for a climatic condition are expected to sequester optimum atmospheric carbon in soils. But, information on how climatic conditions and land uses influence carbon accumulation in the soils on the Himalayan Mountains is not known. This study reports the impact of four climatic conditions (sub-tropical, altitude: 500–1200 m; temperate 1200–2000 m; lower alpine 2000–3000 m; upper alpine, 3000–3500 m) and four land uses (forest, grassland, horticulture, agriculture) on the concentrations and stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) in upper (0–30 cm) and deeper (30–100 cm) soil depths on the western Himalayan Mountains of India. The study also explored the drivers which influenced the SOC stock build up on the mountains. Rainfall and soil moisture showed quadratic relations, whereas temperature declined linearly with the altitude. SOC stock as well as concentration was the highest (101.8 Mg ha− 1 in 0–30 cm, 227.97 Mg ha− 1 in 0–100 cm) in temperate and the lowest in sub-tropical climate (37 Mg ha− 1 in 0–30 cm, 107.04 Mg ha− 1 in 0–100 cm). Pattern of SOC stock build up across the altitude was: temperate > lower alpine > upper alpine > sub-tropical. SOC stocks in all land uses across the climatic conditions, except agriculture in lower alpine, was higher (0.7 to 41.6%) in the deeper than upper soil depth. SOC stocks in both the depths showed quadratic relations with soil temperature and soil moisture. Other factors like fine soil particles, land-use factor and altitude influenced positively whereas slope and pH, negatively to the SOC stocks. In all climatic conditions, other than temperate, SOC stocks were greater in natural ecosystems like forests and pastures (112.5 to 247.5 Mg ha− 1) than agriculture (63 to 120.4 Mg ha− 1). In temperate climate, SOC stock in agriculture (253.6 Mg ha− 1) on well formed terraces was a little higher than forest (231.3 Mg ha− 1) on natural slope. These observations, suggest that land uses on temperate climate may be treated as potential sinks for sequestration of the atmospheric carbon. However, agriculture in subtropical climate need to be pursued with due SOC protection measures like the temperate climate for greater sequestration of the atmospheric carbon.  相似文献   

14.
The conversion of tropical forests to agricultural land use is considered as a major cause for a decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. However, the extent and impact of different land uses on SOC stock development is highly uncertain, especially for tropical Africa due to a lack of reliable data. Interactions of SOC with the soil mineral phase can modify the susceptibility of SOC to become mineralized. Pedogenic Fe‐, Al‐oxides and clay potentially affect SOC stabilization in highly weathered soils typically found in the humid tropics. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of different land uses on SOC stock on such soils. For that purpose, 10 pedologically similar, deeply weathered acidic soils (Acrisols, Alisols) in the Eastern Usambara Mountains (Amani Nature Reserve, NE Tanzania) under contrasting land use were sampled to a depth of 100 cm. The calculated mean SOC stocks were 17.5 kg C m?2, 16.8 kg C m?2, 16.9 kg C m?2, and 20.0 kg C m?2 for the four forests, two tea plantations, three croplands, and one homegarden, respectively. A significant difference in mean SOC stock of 1.3 kg C m?2 was detected between forest and cropland land use for the 0–10 cm depth increment. No further significant impacts of land use on SOC stocks were observed. All soils have a clearly clay‐dominated texture. They are characterized by high content of pedogenic oxides with 29 to 47 g kg?1 measured for the topsoils and 36 to 65 g kg?1 for the subsoils. No positive significant relationship was found between SOC and clay content. Statistically significant positive relationships existed between oxalate‐extractable Fe, Al, and SOC content for cropland soils only. Compared to data published in literature the SOC stocks determined in our study were generally high independent of the established land use. It appears that efficient SOC stabilization mechanisms are counteracting the higher disturbance regime under agricultural land use in these highly weathered tropical soils.  相似文献   

15.
Soil aggregates and organic matter are considered to be important indicators of soil quality. The objective of this study was to determine land-use effects on the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) associated with aggregate-size fractions. Bulk soil samples were collected from incremental soil depths (0–10, 10–20 20–40, 40–70, and 70–100 cm) under three land-use types: fruit tree orchards established in 1987, cropland, and forage field. Soil samples collected from these plots were analyzed for aggregate stability after wet sieving into four aggregate-size classes (>2000, 250–2000, 53–250, and <53 μm), and the concentration of SOC was determined in each size fraction. Cropland and forage field soils were significantly more alkaline than the fruit tree soil. Bulk densities were greater in cropland and forage field (1.40–1.52 g cm?3) than in fruit tree orchards (1.33–1.37 g cm?3). The total weight of soil aggregates varied in the order of forage field > cropland > fruit tree orchard. Aggregate stability was greater in cropland and forage field than under fruit tree orchards. Soil organic C decreased with increasing soil depth but was greater under fruit tree orchards than others and was mainly concentrated in the topsoil layer (0–20 cm). Sieved fraction (<53 μm) had a greater SOC concentration, regardless of soil depth or land use. Our data supported the hypothesis that perennial vegetation (fruit tree orchard) and the proportion of aggregates with diameter <53 μm are suitable indicators of SOC accumulation and may therefore have a greater potential for SOC sequestration than the cropland.  相似文献   

16.
This research investigates the impact of human activities on carbon (C) dynamics in a mountainous and semi‐arid environment. Despite the low C status of drylands, soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest C pool in these systems and therefore may offer significant C sequestration potential in systems recovering from degradation. Nevertheless, quantification of this potential is limited by lack of knowledge concerning the magnitude of and controls on regional SOC stocks. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) investigate the variability of soil organic carbon in relation to recovery period and key soil and topographical variables, and (ii) quantify the effects of recovery period following abandonment on SOC stocks. Soil profiles were sampled in the Sierra de los Filabres (southeast Spain) in different land units along geomorphic and degradation gradients. SOC contents were modelled using recovery period and soil and topographical variables. Sample depth, topographic position, altitude, recovery period and stone content were identified as the main factors for predicting SOC concentrations. SOC stocks in 1 m depth of soil varied between 3.16 and 76.44 t/ha. Recovery period (years since abandonment), topographic position and altitude were used to predict and map SOC stocks in the top 0.2 m. The results show that C accumulates rapidly during the first 10–50 yr following abandonment; thereafter, the stocks evolve towards a steady‐state level. The erosion zones in the study area demonstrate greater potential to increase their SOC stocks when abandoned. Deposition zones have greater SOC values, although their C accumulation rate is lower compared with erosional landscapes in the first 10–50 yr following abandonment. Therefore, full understanding of the C sequestration potential of land use change in areas of complex topography requires knowledge of spatial variability in soil properties and in particular SOC.  相似文献   

17.
High heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in grasslands causes uncertainty in estimating its content and storage. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of SOC content and storage in the prairies of southern Alberta, Canada, and how it is affected by land use such as irrigated cropping and other environmental conditions such as cattle grazing, slope landscape position and dominant plant species. The mean SOC content was determined to be 11.5 g kg–1 (range: 8.9 to 22.4 g kg–1) in the 0–10 cm layer and 6.8 g kg–1 (range: 4.0 to 13.3 g kg–1) in the 10–30 cm layer; mean SOC storage was 1.59 kg C m–2 (range: 1.23 to 2.78 kg C m–2) in the 0–10 cm layer and 2.07 kg C m–2 (range: 1.21 to 3.62 kg C m–2) in the 10–30 cm layer. The SOC content was significantly affected by slope position in both the 0–10 and 10–30 cm layers, in the following order: bottom >middle > top position. Moreover, SOC storage was higher in sites dominated by shrubs than graminoid/forb communities. Thus, SOC content and storage had distinctly clustered spatial patterns throughout the study area and were significant differences between the 0–10 and 10–30 cm soil layers. Prior land-use change from arid grassland to irrigated cropland increased SOC content and storage in bulk soils.  相似文献   

18.
Changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in agricultural land are an important part of the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry component of national greenhouse gas emission inventories. Furthermore, as climate mitigation strategies and incentives for carbon farming are being developed, accurate estimates of SOC stocks are essential to verify any management-induced changes in SOC. Based on agricultural mineral soils in the Danish soil-monitoring network, we analysed management effects on SOC stocks using data from the two most recent surveys (2009 and 2019). Between 2009 and 2019, the average increase in SOC stock was 1.2 Mg C ha−1 for 0–50 cm despite a loss of 1.2 Mg C ha−1 from the topsoil (0–25 cm), stressing the importance of including deeper soil layers in soil-monitoring networks. Comparing all four national surveys (1986, 1997, 2009, 2019), the mean SOC stock of mineral soils in Denmark appears stable. The change in SOC stock between 2009 and 2019 was analysed in detail in relation to management practices as reported by farmers. We found that the effects of single management factors were difficult to isolate from co-varying factors including soil parameters and that the use of farm management data to explain changes in SOC stocks observed in soil-monitoring networks appears limited. Uncertainty in SOC stock estimates also arises from low sampling frequency and statistical challenges related to regression to the mean. However, repeated stock measurements at decadal intervals still represent a benchmark for the overall development in regional and national SOC storage, as affected by actual farm management.  相似文献   

19.
岩溶峡谷区不同退耕还林地土壤有机碳库差异分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为揭示岩溶区不同退耕还林地对土壤有机碳库及碳库管理水平的影响,探讨花江峡谷地区耕地和5种典型退耕还林（草）地（撂荒、车桑子、花椒、椿树和油桐）土壤剖面有机碳质量分数、密度以及碳库管理指数的变化情况.结果表明：1）与耕地相比,退耕还林明显提高了有机碳质量分数和密度（P＜0.05）,0 ～ 20 cm土层总有机碳质量分数为13.00 ～ 34.07 g/kg,其中耕地最低,椿树林地最大;土壤剖面中有机碳密度大小表现为椿树林＞油桐林＞撂荒地＞车桑子地＞花椒地＞耕地.2）6种样地土壤有机碳质量分数和密度均随土层深度的增加而降低,O ～ 20cm土层总有机碳质量分数分别是剖面均值的1.11 ～1.37倍,0～ 20 cm土层有机碳密度占整个剖面的35.68％～46.45％,显著高于其他各层,具有明显的表聚性.3）以耕地为参照,除花椒地外,其他4种退耕还林地碳库管理指数均明显大于1,即退耕能有效提高土壤碳库管理水平,且以椿树和油桐林地效果最佳.此外,土壤活性有机碳比率的变化与总有机碳质量分数的变化一致,土壤活性有机碳比率可以作为反映土壤碳库管理水平的重要指标.退耕具有提升土壤碳库及其质量的潜力,该区在生态恢复中要注意选择合适的退耕模式,增加植被盖度、减少人为扰动.  相似文献   

20.
The native vegetation in the Tropics is increasingly replaced by crops, pastures, tree plantations, or settlements with contradictory effects on soil organic carbon (SOC). Therefore, the general objective was to estimate the SOC stock depth distribution to 100-cm depth in soils of Costa Rica and to assess their theoretical carbon (C) sink capacity by different management practices. A study was established in three ecoregions of Costa Rica: the Isthmian-Atlantic Moist Forest (AM), the Pacific Dry Forest (PD), and the Montane Forest (MO) ecoregions. Within each ecoregion, three agricultural land uses and a mature forest were sampled to 100-cm depth. The SOC stock in 0–100 cm depth was 114–150 Mg C ha?1 for AM, 76–165 Mg C ha?1 for PD, and 166–246 Mg C ha?1 for MO. Land use had only weak effects on SOC concentrations and stocks except at PD where both were lower for soils under mango (Mangifera indica) and pasture. This may indicate soil degradation which was also supported by data on SOC stratification. However, it was generally unclear whether differences among land uses within each ecoregion already existed particularly at deeper depths before land-use change, and whether the sampling approach was sufficient to investigate them. Nevertheless, about 26–71% of Costa Rica's total C emissions may be offset by SOC sequestration in agricultural and forest soils. However, ecoregion-specific practices must be implemented to realize this potential.  相似文献   

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