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Nathaniel Kapaldo Rose McMurphy David Hodgson James Roush Kara Berke Emily Klocke 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(4):493-500
ObjectiveTo assess laryngeal function in normal dogs administered isoflurane following partial clearance of alfaxalone or propofol.Study designRandomized experimental crossover study.AnimalsA group of 12 purpose-bred, male Beagle dogs.MethodsDogs were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: alfaxalone–isoflurane (ALF-ISO) or propofol–isoflurane (PRO-ISO) and anesthetized for three video laryngoscopy examinations. The alternate treatment occurred after ≥ 14 days interval. Examinations were performed after induction of anesthesia (LS-A), after 20 minutes of breathing isoflurane via a facemask (LS-B) and after a further 20 minutes of isoflurane (LS-C). Parameters of objective laryngeal function included inspiratory rima glottidis surface area (RGSA-I), expiratory rima glottidis surface area (RGSA-E) and % RGSA increase, calculated from three consecutive respiratory cycles in the final 15 seconds of each video laryngoscopy examination. The % RGSA increase was calculated using [(RGSA-I – RGSA-E)/RGSA-E] × 100. Subjective laryngeal function was evaluated independently by two experienced surgeons blinded to treatment.ResultsThe % RGSA increase within each treatment was greater for LS-B and LS-C than for LS-A (ALF-ISO: p = 0.03, PRO-ISO: p = < 0.001). There was no difference within each treatment from LS-B compared with LS-C. RGSA-I increased within each treatment from LS-A to both LS-B and LS-C (ALF-ISO: p = 0.002) and to LS-C (PRO-ISO: p = 0.006). Subjective laryngeal function scores improved from LS-A to LS-C.Conclusions and clinical relevanceLaryngeal function improved from postinduction examination following either 20 or 40 minutes of anesthesia with isoflurane via facemask. This study demonstrates that isoflurane may have a lesser effect on arytenoid abduction activity compared with more commonly used intravenous induction anesthetics (alfaxalone and propofol). 相似文献
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Hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis (HYPP) is a relatively new genetic disease that, so far, appears to be confined to descendants of the American Quarter Horse Impressive, a stallion identified as the link between the pedigrees of all affected horses, and that predominantly affects Quarter Horses but also Paint horses, Appaloosas and Palominos. This study suggests that an episode of muscle weakness, which was reported in a Criollo Argentino genetically unrelated to Impressive, was related to marked hyperkalaemia. The symptoms in this case were reproducible following a KCI challenge test although DNA testing for HYPP was negative. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of a HYPP‐like syndrome was made. 相似文献
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Rob W. Furneaux 《Research in veterinary science》2010,89(2):272-274
This paper describes the novel approach of transverse cordotomy and cuneiform cartilage amputation for the surgical management of laryngeal paralysis in a dog. 相似文献
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Heike Rudorf DMV Frances J. Barr MB PhD J. Geoffrey Lane BVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(4):338-343
Forty dogs with clinical signs suggestive of upper respiratory tract disease underwent echolaryngography and laryngoscopy. Laryngoscopy was used as the definitive technique to diagnose laryngeal paralysis. The ultrasound investigation accurately indicated the presence of the paralysis and confirmed the uni- or bilateral nature of the disorder. Findings indicative of laryngeal paralysis included asymmetry or absence of motion of the cuneiform processes (30/30), abnormal arytenoid movement (16/30), paradoxical movement (9/30), caudal displacement of the larynx (2/30) and laryngeal collapse (1/30). Thirty dogs were found to be afflicted with laryngeal paralysis and ten had normal laryngeal motility. 相似文献
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自发性瘫痪猕猴的血液生化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定分析了四自发性后肢瘫痪猕猴和十例正常猴的三十条项血液生化指标，比较研究了养条件下瘫痪猕猴的血液生化代谢特征。结果表明：瘫痪猕猴的血钙、血锰、血糖和血铁均明显低于正常猕猴（Ｐ＜０．０５）；血清碱性磷酸酶活性也明显高于正常猕猴（Ｐ＜０．０１）；与心、脑血管系统栓塞性病变有关的酶及血脂均与正常猴无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；血清免疫球蛋白（ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＡ）及补体（Ｃ３和Ｃ４）均明显高于正常猴（Ｐ＜０ 相似文献
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Differences between acceleromyography and electromyography during neuromuscular function monitoring in anesthetized Beagle dogs 
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下载免费PDF全文 Daniel M Sakai Manuel Martin‐Flores Emily A Tomak Matthew J Martin Luis Campoy Robin D Gleed 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2015,42(3):233-241
ObjectiveQuantitative neuromuscular monitoring is essential for studies of potency and duration of neuromuscular blocking agents, and for detecting residual paralysis in anesthetized patients. This investigation evaluates whether there are systematic differences between acceleromyography (AMG) and electromyography (EMG); two quantitative methods for monitoring neuromuscular block.Study designProspective.AnimalsTen healthy Beagle dogs.MethodsDogs were anesthetized with isoflurane and dexmedetomidine. Both ulnar nerves were stimulated with a train-of-four (TOF) pattern every 15 seconds. The magnitude of the first twitch (T1) and the TOF ratio (magnitude of T4/T1; TOFR) were quantified simultaneously with AMG and EMG, applied randomly to each extremity. The extent of maximal block (T1 depression) and onset time were measured by AMG and EMG during TOF monitoring after the administration of cisatracurium (0.05 mg kg−1). In addition, recovery of T1 to 25% and 75%, the recovery index (time between T1 of 25% and 75%), and recovery of the TOFR to 0.9 were used to characterize recovery from cisatracurium and were compared between monitors. Regression and Bland-Altman plots for T1 and TOFR were also created.ResultsMaximal block and onset time were not different between monitors. Time to recovery of T1 to 25% and 75%, and time to TOF ratio 0.9 was significantly shorter with AMG. The recovery index was not different between monitors. When the TOFR returned to 0.9 with AMG, EMG still measured considerable residual block (TOFR 0.47).Conclusions and clinical relevanceElectromyography consistently detected residual NMB when recovery from NMB was complete as assessed by AMG. 相似文献
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K. J. Allen 《Equine Veterinary Education》2010,22(4):182-186
A 13‐year‐old Irish Draught cross gelding was referred for abnormal respiratory noise at low level exercise. Bilateral laryngeal paralysis was observed during the resting endoscopic examination. Blood samples revealed lead toxicosis and subsequent soil analysis confirmed high lead levels. Treatment with the lead chelating agent calcium disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid was successful in rapidly reducing blood lead levels; however, complications were observed during this treatment. Despite bilateral laryngeal paralysis, the horse maintained a good quality of life and following placement of a tracheostomy tube was able to continue ridden exercise. Two years after treatment right sided laryngeal function appeared normal; however, a grade 5 (of 5) left laryngeal hemiplegia was still present. Prolonged time periods are required for improvements in peripheral neuropathy subsequent to lead toxicosis to occur. 相似文献
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Kurosawa TA Ruth JD Steurer J Austin B Heng HG 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2012,53(3):329-332
A 13-year-old neutered female Labrador retriever had inspiratory dyspnea secondary to bilateral laryngeal paralysis. Radiographically, there was pectus excavatum with a mediastinal shift to the right. Arytenoid lateralization was performed, relieving the upper respiratory obstruction, and the sternal deformity also resolved. Chronic upper respiratory obstruction should be considered in dogs with pectus excavatum. Furthermore, correction of upper respiratory obstruction has the potential to result in resolution of pectus excavatum. 相似文献
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蜜蜂KBV和APV病毒RT-PCR检测技术研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据蜜蜂克什米尔病毒(Kashmir bee virus．KBV)和急性麻痹病毒(Acute paralysis virus，APV)的RNA聚合酶基因序列，参照Don Stoltz报道的引物KBV1、KBV2，美国农业部提供的引物DC62F、DC682R，对美国农业部惠赠的标准KBV和APV的RNA聚合酶基因片段，以及2001—2002年收集到的中国21个省市的180份疑似KBV和APV病蜂RNA聚合酶基因片段进行RT—PCR。对以KBV1、KBV2和DC62F、DC682R为引物扩增出的RNA聚合酶基因片段进行克隆、转化，并对克隆结果测序，证明其可靠性。建立了用分子生物学方法检测蜜蜂KBV和APV病毒的技术，有一定的应用前景。检测结果表明：到目前为止，我国蜜蜂群中未发现KBV和APV病毒病。 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of IV doxapram on glottic size and arytenoid motion in normal dogs and in dogs with laryngeal paralysis. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective experimental and clinical trials. ANIMALS: Six healthy dogs weighing 24.5 +/- 3.9 kg and six dogs weighing 27.4 +/- 11.5 kg suspected of having laryngeal paralysis. METHODS: Dogs were pre-medicated with acepromazine and butorphanol, and a light plane of anesthesia was induced with isoflurane by mask. Videoendoscopic examination of laryngeal function was recorded before (baseline) and after IV doxapram administration. Normalized glottal gap area (NGGA) at maximal inspiration and expiration, and percentage change in height, width, area, and NGGA were calculated with measurements from digitized images of the glottal gap. RESULTS: Active arytenoid motion was present in all normal dogs at baseline. After doxapram administration, depth of respiration appeared greater, but arytenoid motion, as measured by percentage change in NGGA, and in area and width, did not significantly increase in normal dogs. No arytenoid motion was detected in dogs with laryngeal paralysis at baseline; however, rima glottidis NGGA of dogs with laryngeal paralysis was greater at inspiration and expiration than normal dogs. After doxapram administration, dogs with laryngeal paralysis developed paradoxical arytenoid motion and significant, negative percentage change in area (-61%) and NGGA (-145%) because of inward collapse of the arytenoids during inspiration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of doxapram during laryngeal examination is useful for differentiating normal dogs from dogs with laryngeal paralysis. Dogs with laryngeal paralysis may suffer extreme glottic constriction with vigorous respirations, and may require intubation during examination. 相似文献
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This Case Report describes a 5‐year‐old Standardbred gelding that was referred to the Equine Hospital of ONIRIS Veterinary School of Nantes, France for a surgical procedure under general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained intravenously and the horse was placed in left lateral recumbency with a padded halter. On post operative Day 1, a post anaesthetic distal facial nerve branch paresis was diagnosed based on clinical signs. The horse was discharged on post operative Day 2 with medical treatment based on anti‐inflammatory drug administration locally and systemically. The horse was re‐examined 2 weeks after the surgery; the left partial facial paralysis was still present and associated with amyotrophy of the muscles supplied by the buccal branches of the facial nerve. In accordance with the owner, the horse was hospitalised to start an electrostimulation treatment. The horse was treated every day for the first 4 days, then every 2 or 3 days during the following 3 weeks, for a total of 11 sessions. At the end of the second week of treatment, the horse was able to normally prehend the food and atrophy seemed reduced. The horse was discharged from hospitalisation at the end of the third week of treatment with specific recommendations. One month after discharge from the hospital just a slight asymmetry could be noticed at rest. Six months later, the training season began and the horse was able to perform. Facial paralysis due to nerve compression is a well‐known complication of anaesthesia. Gradual recovery of function over the weeks of treatment suggests that electroacupuncture may promote recovery and may hasten time of recovery. 相似文献
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Mihyun Choi Namsoon Lee Ahyoung Kim Seoyeon Keh Jinsoo Lee Hyunwook Kim Mincheol Choi 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(1):102-108
Diagnosis of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis in dogs is currently based on fluoroscopic detection of unequal movement between the crura. Bilateral paralysis may be more difficult to confirm with fluoroscopy because diaphragmatic movement is sometimes produced by compensatory abdominal muscle contractions. The purpose of this study was to develop a new method to evaluate diaphragmatic movement using M‐mode ultrasonography and to describe findings for normal and diaphragmatic paralyzed dogs. Fifty‐five clinically normal dogs and two dogs with diaphragmatic paralysis were recruited. Thoracic radiographs were acquired for all dogs and fluoroscopy studies were also acquired for clinically affected dogs. Two observers independently measured diaphragmatic direction of motion and amplitude of excursion using M‐mode ultrasonography for dogs meeting study inclusion criteria. Eight of the clinically normal dogs were excluded due to abnormal thoracic radiographic findings. For the remaining normal dogs, the lower limit values of diaphragmatic excursion were 2.85–2.98 mm during normal breathing. One dog with bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis showed paradoxical movement of both crura at the end of inspiration. One dog with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis had diaphragmatic excursion values of 2.00 ± 0.42 mm on the left side and 4.05 ± 1.48 mm on the right side. The difference between left and right diaphragmatic excursion values was 55%. Findings indicated that M‐mode ultrasonography is a relatively simple and objective method for measuring diaphragmatic movement in dogs. Future studies are needed in a larger number of dogs with diaphragmatic paralysis to determine the diagnostic sensitivity of this promising new technique. 相似文献
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Holland CT 《Australian veterinary journal》2008,86(10):377-384
OBJECTIVE: To describe basic epidemiological features, clinical characteristics and outcomes of asymmetrical focal neurological deficits identified in dogs and cats with naturally occurring tick paralysis (Ixodes holocyclus). DESIGN: A retrospective study. PROCEDURE: Computer records were reviewed for all dogs and cats treated for tick paralysis between July 1999 and June 2006 at a suburban veterinary hospital in Newcastle, New South Wales. RESULTS: Neurological deficits were identified in 17/197 dogs and 10/89 cats and included unilateral facial paralysis (14 dogs; 2 cats), anisocoria (4 dogs; 7 cats), unilateral loss of the cutaneous trunci reflex (1 dog; 1 cat) and Horner's syndrome in 2 cats with anisocoria. Occurrence of deficits was not linked to season, severity of tick paralysis, breed, age, sex or body weight. With facial paralysis and anisocoria, the site of tick attachment was invariably on the head or neck and always ipsilateral to the facial paralysis. By contrast, with anisocoria alone, no consistent relationship was noted between any one pupillary dimension and the side of tick attachment. With cutaneous trunci deficits the site of tick attachment was the ipsilateral caudal axilla. Compared with recovery times from generalised signs of tick paralysis, those for facial paralysis were significantly longer (days to weeks; P < 0.001), those for anisocoria showed no significant difference (P = 0.25) and those for cutaneous trunci deficits lagged by 6 and 7 days. CONCLUSIONS: Asymmetrical focal neurological deficits are a consistent finding in a proportion of dogs and cats with naturally occurring tick paralysis due to I. holocylcus. 相似文献
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奶牛产后瘫痪是母牛分娩前后突然发生的一种严重的代谢性疾病。本文统计了伊犁某荷斯坦奶牛场2015年4月至2018年3月1 200头分娩奶牛生产瘫痪发病情况,分娩奶牛发生产后瘫痪104头,产后瘫痪平均发病率为8.65%,以1月、12月、2月发病率较高,为11.11%～13.89%;而4月、9月、10月发病率低,为6.61%～6.71%。高产奶牛在5胎以上产后瘫痪发病率达10.30%～11.79%,而第2胎发病率很低,在3.59%。本文着重对1例典型病例发病原因、临床症状及发病特点进行详细论述,采取补钙、补糖及结合乳房送风治疗效果明显,从而得出了一些治疗预防的方法,为减少养殖场奶牛产后瘫痪发病率提供了参考。 相似文献
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Until the late 1980s, specific viral infections of the honey bee were generally considered harmless in all countries. Then, with the worldwide introduction of the ectoparasite mite Varroa destructor, beekeepers encountered increasing difficulties in maintaining their colonies. Epidemiological surveys and laboratory experiments have demonstrated that the newly acquired virulence of several viruses belonging to the family Dicistroviridae (acute bee paralysis virus, Kashmir bee virus and Israeli acute paralysis virus) in Europe and the USA had been observed in relation with V. destructor acting as a disseminator of these viruses between and within bee colonies and as an activator of virus multiplication in the infected individuals: bee larvae and adults. Equal emphasis is given to deformed wing virus (DWV) belonging to the Iflaviridae. Overt outbreaks of DWV infections have been shown to be linked to the ability of V. destructor to act not only as a mechanical vector of DWV but also as a biological vector. Its replication in mites prior to its vectoring into pupae seemed to be necessary and sufficient for the induction of a overt infection in pupae developing in non-viable bees with deformed wings. DWV in V. destructor infested colonies is now considered as one of the key players of the final collapse. Various approaches for combating bee viral diseases are described: they include selection of tolerant bees, RNA interference and prevention of new pathogen introduction. None of these approaches are expected to lead to enhanced bee-health in the short term. 相似文献