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采用菌丝生长速率法测定咪鲜胺对绿色木霉（Trichoderma viride）和5个不同品种糙皮侧耳（Pleurotus ostreatus）（平菇）的菌丝生长抑制活性|采用滤纸片抑菌圈法测定了其对绿色木霉分生孢子萌发的影响。结果表明：咪鲜胺能够极显著地抑制绿色木霉菌丝生长和孢子萌发,EC50值分别为2.536 mg·L-1和5.482 mg·L-1。同时咪鲜胺对平菇的菌丝生长也有一定的抑制作用,在咪鲜胺有效浓度为8.333 mg·L-1以下时抑制作用不显著|生料栽培试验也获得了相似的结果。 相似文献
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绿色木霉不仅污染黑木耳菌种,竞争培养料的养分和空间,而且还能分泌毒素抑制木耳菌丝生长,并能直接寄生于菌丝,使已经长好的菌丝逐渐死亡。更为严重的是侵染黑木耳的子实体和耳根,会导致子实体萎缩。条件适宜,传播蔓延很快,造成袋栽黑木耳的绝收。我校1986年春季投料棉子壳500kg 栽培黑木耳,出耳过程中绿色木霉的为害严重,结果只收了一潮耳。为此,我们从1988年春季开始对袋栽黑木耳绿色木霉防治进行了探索。(一)症状和病源菌袋初期受绿色木霉污染后表现不明显,中、后期变绿,菌丝密集如毡,并产生绿色粉状物,较明显,易辩认。严重时木耳菌丝被吃掉。子实体和耳根初期受到绿色木霉的侵染,长出白色纤细的菌丝被吃掉。几天后菌丝变绿并形成分生孢子,一旦分生孢子大量形成和成熟,子实体上的菌落变成绿色粉状,生长受抑制而萎缩死亡。 相似文献
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食用菌主要杂菌——绿色木霉、黑根霉药剂防治试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过室内抑菌力测定和棚内药剂试验，筛选出对绿色木霉、黑根霉的有效药剂为力克霜、多菌灵、甲基托布津；观察测定其对食用菌菌丝生长的生长影响，结果表明，在拌料时加药力克霜2g/L、1g/L，多菌灵、甲基托布津1g/L在拌料时加药对菌丝生长影响较小、菌丝满袋率在90％～100％，多菌灵、甲基托布津2g/L对食用菌菌丝生长速度有较明显的影响，总满袋率77％～86．8％；装袋前各药剂按2g/L、1g/L用药，对食用菌菌丝生长有严重抑制作用。 相似文献
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绿色木霉对平菇的危害非常严重,特别是在连续多年使用的老菇房(场)和高温季节栽培的平菇。为了减轻危害,笔者对此作了研究,现将结果报告如下: 一、绿色木霉对平菇的危害 接种后菌块表面局部出现灰白色菌丝,不久就产生成堆的绿色孢子,形成绿色霉斑。不及时防治,则绿色霉斑迅速扩大、加深。据观察,杂菌菌丝呈絮状,比较透明,纤细,有分隔,生长迅速,分枝繁复;分生孢子梗 相似文献
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采用等差稀释法测定了多菌灵等4种常用杀菌剂对绿霉和金针菇菌丝生长的影响.结果表明,不同浓度的杀菌剂对绿霉和金针菇菌丝生长有不同的抑制作用.其中,多菌灵在稀释倍数为1 000倍使用时,既能抑制绿霉菌丝生长,又对金针菇菌丝生长的抑制作用较弱;稀释倍数在1 000倍以上的代森锰锌对金针菇菌丝的生长有促进作用,但不能抑制绿霉菌丝生长;使百功在所试浓度下既抑制绿霉菌丝的生长又抑制金针菇菌丝的生长.采用等差稀释法测定了不同厂家、不同浓度杀菌刑对绿霉及金针菇菌丝生长的影响. 相似文献
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杂菌为害是发展香菇生产的极大障碍,其中以木霉属的菌类如Trichoderma vir-ide(绿色木霉)、T.Polysporum(多孢木霉)、T.harzianum等是香菇最主要的有害杂菌。它们常常侵害和杀死香菇菌丝体,造成香菇的产量显著下降。木霉菌产生各种抗真菌的物质和酶类,使香菇菌丝体衰萎而起有害作用。木霉是兼性寄生菌,通常是腐生性的,绿色木霉还可寄生在香菇子实体上,直接为害香菇更大。多菌灵是防止木霉、青霉等霉菌的有效杀菌剂。为探讨多菌灵对香菇的菌丝生长、 相似文献
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针对河北地区普遍出现的松树落枝病,将病枝进行病原分离后让其生长得到病原菌,通过采用木霉菌、化学药剂、银杏枝叶内含物与菌丝接种,测定其对菌丝生长的影响。木霉菌对菌丝生长的抑制作用很强,可抑制病原菌丝的生长,并且能穿透病原菌丝,使其萎缩,从根本上阻止了松树落枝病的发生;用化学药剂多菌灵、杜邦易保、瑞毒霉—锰锌、防病1号、防病2号、可杀得6种药剂,分别用200倍、400倍、800倍不同浓度单独与混合应用,对松树落枝病进行室内药效测定。结果表明:800倍可杀得抑制菌丝生长的能力最强,200倍、400倍、800倍多菌灵,200倍、400倍可杀得,400倍、800倍杜邦易保,200倍、400倍防病1号也有一定的杀菌能力;将药剂混合使用时,混合药剂抑制菌丝生长能力普遍增强,400倍可杀得和400倍多菌灵混合,400倍可杀得和400倍防病2号混合抑制效果异常显著;银杏枝叶内含物对菌丝有明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
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制作食用菌菌种时,经常遇到的杂菌有青霉、根霉、毛霉、曲霉、木霉、细菌和酵母菌等。1.青霉:青霉是制种中最常遇的杂菌,它分布极广,菌落呈青绿色,其污染后培养基呈现绿色霉斑。青霉主要靠分生孢子繁殖,菌丝有横隔,菌丝顶端产生直立的分生孢子梗,并进一步分化成小梗,其上产生青绿色分生孢子,使整个菌丝呈扫帚状(图1)。 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献
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HU Zhi-cheng ZHU Jia-yuan ZHU Bin GUO Dong CHEN Bin ZHANG Kai HU Kun-hua LI Ming-tao TANG Bing 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1802-1806
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
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AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
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Duncan Brean W. Boyle Shannon Breininger David R. Schmalzer Paul A. 《Landscape Ecology》1999,14(3):291-309
Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere. 相似文献
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AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis. 相似文献