共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
为研究碱胁迫下种子引发对萌发及幼苗生长的影响,以甜高粱杂交种‘通甜1号’为试验材料,利用500 μmol/L γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对种子进行引发处理。采用盆栽土培试验,将NaHCO3:Na2CO3=5:1的混合碱胁迫液设3个水平(0、50、100 mmol/L)模拟碱胁迫,研究GABA种子引发处理对碱胁迫下高粱种子萌发状况及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：随着碱胁迫强度增加,无论是经过引发处理的种子还是未经过引发处理的种子,其吸水量、萌发指数、出苗率和成苗率显著下降,幼苗生长受到限制,生物量积累降低。同等碱胁迫浓度下,经过引发处理的种子与未经过引发处理的种子相比,种子吸水量、萌发指数、胚的生长及幼苗叶面积均显著提高。低浓度碱胁迫条件下,经过引发处理的种子与未经过引发处理的种子相比,幼苗的出苗率和存活率较高、生长至第7天的株高和茎粗及总生物量均显著增加。试验表明,经过引发处理的种子可以不同程度地提高碱胁迫下甜高粱种子萌发指数,缓解碱胁迫对幼苗的不利条件,促进幼苗生长,提高耐碱性。 相似文献
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This investigation tested the influence of thermal treatment of seeds at various stages of imbibition on the germination percentage, speed and growth response of seeds and seedlings. Seeds of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L Moench) were treated in 2, 4 or 6 g NaCl l?1 solutions and exposed for 2 h to 45 °C during the first, second or third days of imbibition. Thereafter, the seeds were dried and germinated at 42/19 °C (day/night temperature). Salt treatments did not improve the final germination percentage but increased germination speed over untreated seeds. The higher the salt concentration used, the greater the dry weights of plumules and radicles. Thermal treatment on the third day of imbibition yielded higher germination percentages than untreated seeds, while thermal treatment on the second day gave faster germination. Both the second and third day thermal treatments gave superior germination indices and higher plumule‐to‐radicle ratios. It is concluded that thermal treatment may assist in acclimating seeds to heat stress. 相似文献
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Nidhi Shukla Himani Kuntal Asheesh Shanker SatyendraNath Sharma 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2018,21(2):137-146
Seed priming is a commercially applied technique for improving seed vigor under variable field conditions. The present study was carried out to optimize the methods (direct: soaking in water 1:1 W/V and indirect: preconditioning under high RH ≥ 85%) and duration (hours)of hydro-priming, attempting to correlate the critical seed water content with priming-induced metabolic-restart in dry mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)seeds. Although the rate of water absorption and the amount of water absorbed was more by direct compared to the indirect imbibition method, the priming-induced germination responses were identical after 6hof priming treatment. The seed water content absorbed during this period was crucial for initiating the chain of biochemical events, required for early synchronized germination in primed seeds which was evident by improved membrane permeability, high activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, and more integrated chloroplast and mitochondria in primed seeds. We demonstrate that the critical water content, required for priming-induced benefits for germination vigor, is a relative unit with respect to the duration of priming and the rate of water absorption. Seed priming is a co-ordinately regulated mechanism for controlling germination capacity of seeds by modifying the permeability characteristics of biological membranes and enzyme activity. This study helps to enhance our understanding on the potential of seed priming for synchronized germination and early seedling establishment in the field and beneficial for the resource poor farming community for better return of their limited financial/farm resources under variable environmental/field conditions. 相似文献
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油松浸种处理水温与浸种时间研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了摸清浸种水温、浸种时间对油松种子吸水量及生命活力的影响,进行了不同水温及时间的浸种试验。通过不同浸种温度、浸种时间以及浸种温度与时间组合分别对油松种子进行处理,测定处理种子的吸水量和生命活力。结果表明：种子吸水量随浸种温度或浸种时间的增加而不断增加;在浸种温度20~50℃,浸种时间6~12 h的条件下,油松种子的生活力较高。油松种子的浸种水温宜在50℃以下,在这个温度范围内,不同温度油松种子达到最高生命活力所需的浸种时间不同。水温为20~30℃时,浸种6 h;水温为40~50℃时,浸种4 h。 相似文献
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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) seeds were examined to determine the influence of exposure to ascending and descending imbibition temperature regimes on plumule and radicle axes behaviour of seed after treatment. Treatments included soaking in distilled water, 4.5 % NaCl or 4.5 % KCl for 3 days at three ascending or descending temperatures ranging from 11 to 21 °C. Root growth was enhanced by descending temperatures (21, 16 and 11 °C) over the 3‐day period, whereas ascending temperatures (11, 16 and 21 °C) increased growth differences between shoots and roots. Shoot–root growth was affected by imbibition temperature to a greater extent than germination. However, seed soaking treatments in NaCl or KCl did not improve root or shoot growth, but did improve germination rates. 相似文献
6.
SPP引发对大豆种子吸胀损伤的防护作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作为新引发剂的交联型聚丙烯酸钠(SPP),应用于大豆种子引发具有显著防护吸胀损伤的效果.经SPP引发的种子,子叶破裂率下降,畸形苗减少,种子活力提高.SPP引发使种子细胞膜结构完整性得以恢复,表现在种子渗漏物质减少.SPP引发防护种子吸胀损伤与其降低种子吸水速率有密切联系.本文就此进行了讨论. 相似文献
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The effect of priming sorghum and pearl millet seeds with fertilizers was investigated. Two experiments were conducted on M35–1 (sorghum) and ICMH 356 (pearl millet), and ICSV 745 (sorghum) and Barmer (pearl millet) seeds, respectively. Treatments included nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium-based treatments which showed that 7.5 g l−1 of urea substantially enhanced the final germination percentage of seeds. The second experiment included 10 priming treatments with 7.5 g l−1 urea mixed with other fertilizers. Results indicated that soaking seeds for 3 days in urea + one of several fertilizers including N, P or K-based nutrient compositions or micro elements significantly increased germination percentage and speed but did not affect seedling growth at 15 or 60 days after sowing. It is concluded that seed priming treatments with fertilizers may serve as an appropriate treatment for advancing germination of the species studied. 相似文献
8.
Darryl G. Stout 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1998,181(4):263-266
Experiments were conducted to determine if diurnal temperature variation could be used to prime cicer milkvetch ( Astragalus cicer L.) seed and thereby shorten the time for seed germination. For untreated cicer miikvetch seed at constant 20°C, 50% of the seeds germinated in 8.2 days and 90% of the seeds germinated in 10.5 days. In contrast, seed that was first primed for 7 days with a diurnal temperature variation (35 (8h)/5 (16h) °C) had values of 1.9 days and 3.3 days, respectively. A second experiment evaluated priming of seed in bulk to test if a procedure might be developed that could be scaled up to prime commercial quantities of seed. A bulk sample of seed was soaked in water for 5h at room temperature and then kept in a high humidity atmosphere during 7 days of priming at 35/5°C. Hydrated seed from the bulk sample had 50% germination in 2.7 days and 90% germination in 5.3 days. When the bulk sample was dried for 8 days at room temperature, the benefit of priming on shortening germination time was retained. It is likely that diurnal temperature priming could be adapted to large volumes of seed. 相似文献
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A. Yang S. S. Akhtar S. Iqbal Z. Qi G. Alandia M. S. Saddiq S.‐E. Jacobsen 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2018,204(1):31-39
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a facultative halophyte of great value, and World Health Organization has selected this crop, which may assure future food and nutritional security under changing climate scenarios. However, germination is the main critical stage of quinoa plant phenology affected by salinity. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to improve its performance under salinity by use of saponin seed priming. Seeds of cv. Titicaca were primed in seven different solutions with varying saponin concentrations (i.e. 0%, 0.5%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 25% and 35%), and then, performances of primed seeds were evaluated based on mean germination time and final germination percentage in germination assays (0 and 400 mM NaCl stress). Saponin solutions of 10%, 15% and 25% concentration were found most effective priming tools for alleviating adverse effects of salt stress during seed germination. Performances of these primed seeds were further evaluated in pot study. At six‐leaf stage, plants were irrigated with saline water having either 0 or 400 mM NaCl. The results indicated that saline irrigation significantly decreased the growth, physiology and yield of quinoa, whereas saponin priming found operative in mitigating the negative effects of salt stress. Improved growth, physiology and yield performance were linked with low ABA concentration, better plant water (osmotic and water potential) and gas relations (leaf photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance), low Na+ and high K+ contents in leaves. Our results suggest that saponin priming could be used as an easy‐operated and cost‐effective technology for sustaining quinoa crop growth on salt‐affected soils. 相似文献
11.
Effects of salinity on the isozyme activities of α -amylase in germinating sorghum seeds were studied under laboratory conditions. Seeds were imbibed in NaCl solutions at concentrations ranging from 0–500 nM (osmotic pressure: 0–2.28 MPa) for 0–24 h and the isozymes activities were estimated after disc-gel electrophoresis.
Seed germination of sorghum was not affected by NaCl concentrations less than 100 nM (0.46 MPa). Germination was reduced by 50% at 300 nM NaCl (1.31 MPa), and completely inhibited at 500 nM (2.28 MPa). The α -amylase activity in the treated seeds followed a similar pattern to that of germination.
At least five isozyme patterns of a-amylase were observed in germinating sorghum seeds. The activities of the respective isozymes were enhanced with increasing duration of imbibition in distilled water. When treated with 100 nM NaCl, the activities of isozymes 2 and 5 decreased, but this was compensated by the increased activity of isozyme 1. The sensitivity of isozymes to the salinity treatments varied where isozyme 1 was the most tolerant. The isozyme activities were completely inhibited by 500 nM NaCl.
The results indicate that sorghum seeds could germinate well in saline environments up to 0.46 MPa. Higher osmotic pressure or saline concentrations could be detrimental to the seed germination of sorghum. The salinity tolerance could be attributable to the compensation of loss of activities of certain isozymes of α -amylase by the other types. 相似文献
Seed germination of sorghum was not affected by NaCl concentrations less than 100 nM (0.46 MPa). Germination was reduced by 50% at 300 nM NaCl (1.31 MPa), and completely inhibited at 500 nM (2.28 MPa). The α -amylase activity in the treated seeds followed a similar pattern to that of germination.
At least five isozyme patterns of a-amylase were observed in germinating sorghum seeds. The activities of the respective isozymes were enhanced with increasing duration of imbibition in distilled water. When treated with 100 nM NaCl, the activities of isozymes 2 and 5 decreased, but this was compensated by the increased activity of isozyme 1. The sensitivity of isozymes to the salinity treatments varied where isozyme 1 was the most tolerant. The isozyme activities were completely inhibited by 500 nM NaCl.
The results indicate that sorghum seeds could germinate well in saline environments up to 0.46 MPa. Higher osmotic pressure or saline concentrations could be detrimental to the seed germination of sorghum. The salinity tolerance could be attributable to the compensation of loss of activities of certain isozymes of α -amylase by the other types. 相似文献
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为优化解除菜豆种子硬实的条件,本试验以盛冠硬实种子为材料,通过比较不同温度的温水浸种、热水浸种和低温贮藏处理不同时间对解除种子硬实的影响,筛选出最佳的硬实破除条件。结果表明,盛冠菜豆种子含水量为14.28%时,种子硬实率为38%;未处理的硬实种子发芽率、发芽势和活力指数分别为26.5%,17%和23.17;经温水浸种、热水浸种和低温贮藏处理后的硬实种子均能一定程度解除种子硬实进而促进种子萌发,其中,各自处理的最佳条件分别是：60℃恒温浸种30 min,80℃恒温浸种 2 min以及-20℃贮藏7天。最后,比较3个处理间最佳的硬实破除条件,同时,考虑到菜豆种植的实际情况和硬实破除的最佳效果,对硬实率较高的盛冠菜豆种子用60℃恒温浸种30 min较适宜。 相似文献
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Salt stress is a major yield‐limiting factor in crops by reducing nutrient uptake and plant growth. Under salt stress, decreased water and nutrient uptake results in nutrient imbalance in plants. In addition, at high pH in saline conditions, solubility of minerals is also reduced leading to low availability of certain nutrients. Perspectives to overcome these limitations by Zn seed priming were studied with maize plants exposed to NaCl as salt stress. Maize seeds were primed for 24 hr in deionized water and 4 mm ZnSO4·7H2O solution (ZnP) and subsequently air‐dried at room temperature before further use. The DTZ (diphenylthiocarbazone) staining method was used for showing Zn2+ localization in the seeds. Zn2+ and other nutrient concentrations in unprimed, water and ZnP seeds and maize plants were analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP‐MS). Maize plants (cv. Sun star L.) were grown for 3 weeks in complete nutrient solution with or without salt stress (100 mm NaCl) under glasshouse conditions. Seed Zn2+ contents were increased after ZnP treatment by 600%. In maize seeds, most of the primed Zn2+ accumulated in the outer tissues (particularly, aleurone layer) of maize seed. Zn priming decreased the injurious effects of salt stress on plant growth. Under salt stress conditions, biomass production of plants from ZnP treatments was 25% higher compared to water priming treatment. Zn seed priming also improved mineral nutrient status of plants grown in both control and salt stress conditions. Plants from ZnP treatments also showed higher accumulation of Na+ in the shoots. This offers perspectives for using Zn seed priming for improving early seedling development and plant nutrient status of maize under salt stress conditions. 相似文献
16.
水分逆境下PEG诱导引发种子对糯玉米芽苗的生理调控 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用种子引发技术在不同土壤水分逆境条件下对糯玉米的出苗和幼苗生理调节进行了研究。结果表明,采用PEG诱导引发种子技术可拓宽糯玉米种子对水分逆境的适应范围,显著提高水分逆境下种子的发芽率和种子活力指数,并增强幼苗的根系活力,根尖更为明显。种子引发可增强幼苗抗氧化系统中APX、CAT、POD和SOD活性,尤其是APX和CAT变化更为活跃;另外,种子引发可改善游离氨基酸、还原糖、脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量等渗透调节物质,较未引发处理减少膜质过氧化。PEG引发种子技术是应对土壤水分逆境下糯玉米种子发芽受阻和出苗困难的有效措施,可提高种子对水分逆境的耐受能力。 相似文献
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种子引发对水分胁迫下水稻发芽及幼苗生理性状的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
不同基因型稻种经水引发及聚乙二醇(PEG)渗透胁迫引发处理均能降低稻种丙二醛(MDA)含量,促进可溶性总糖(SS)降解,加快稻种内部糖代谢进程,提高相溶性溶质脯氨酸(Pro)及可溶性蛋白质(SP)含量,也有利于提高苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,引发效果较明显。且适度PEG引发稻种的效果明显好于水引发,杂交籼稻在PEG浓度为20%的条件下引发效果最优,而常规粳型水稻在PEG浓度为10%~15%的引发条件下效果较好,但超出最高PEG引发浓度的阈值,会对稻种产生危害,影响其正常萌发。引发处理后的稻种对不同程度水分胁迫程度的响应表明,适当强度的引发处理利于激发稻种物质代谢、利于各水稻品种的萌发、幼苗形态指标及保护性酶等生理指标的显著提高,而严重的水分胁迫均不利于稻种萌发;表明引发处理虽能提高水分胁迫条件下种子活力,但稻种激发自身对外界萌发环境的协调能力有限,且不同品种间存在明显差异,籼稻优于粳稻。 相似文献
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辣椒种子引发技术优化试验 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文对辣椒种子引发方法进行了优化。以不同品种的辣椒种子为试材,利用振荡器作引发工具,用不同化学药剂和H2O作引发剂,通过测定引发过的辣椒种子的发芽特性,筛选最佳引发剂配方和引发时间。实验结果表明,引发后的种子发芽特性和抗逆性均增强,处理（1）‘1.8% KNO3+0.2% ZnSO4,处理4天’的综合表现最佳,处理（4）‘10% PEG+1.8% KNO3+0.2% ZnSO4,处理6天’的种子在半个月内发芽特性最好,但3个月后发芽率明显下降。由此可见,处理（1）‘1.8% KNO3+0.2% ZnSO4,处理4天’为最佳引发方法。 相似文献
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多胺对玉米种子吸胀期间耐冷性和种子发芽能力的影响 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18
以玉米耐寒自交系黄C和低温敏感自交系Mo17为材料, 研究了亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)引发对玉米种子吸胀中的耐冷性和种子发芽能力的影响。种子经0.25 mmol L-1的Spd和Spm引发72 h后, 在5℃下低温吸胀不同时间(12、24、36和48 h)。结果表明, Spd和Spm引发提高了胁迫期间两自交系胚内过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性, 以及可溶性蛋白质和脯氨酸(Pro)含量, 降低了胚渗出液的核苷酸含量, 同时显著提高发芽率, 并显著缩短平均发芽时间。低温吸胀48 h后, 与对照相比, Spd和Spm处理分别提高两自交系种子的平均发芽率18.5%和14.0%, 分别缩短平均发芽时间1.21 d和1.14 d。黄C在种子吸胀期间的耐冷性强于Mo17。总之, Spd和Spm处理能提高玉米种子吸胀期间的耐冷性, 提高低温胁迫下种子发芽能力。 相似文献
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用PEG-6000溶液引发处理中杂9号(大果型)和美味樱桃(小果型)番茄种子,设置不同的时间和渗透势,以筛选出不同类型种子的最佳处理水平和方法。结果表明,中杂9号种子,渗透势最佳水平为-0.75 MPa,时间最佳水平为14 d,最佳处理方法为-0.75 MPa下处理7 d。美味樱桃种子,渗透势最佳水平为-0.75 MPa,时间最佳水平为21 d,最佳处理方法为-0.75 MPa下处理21 d。 相似文献