共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 578 毫秒
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透皮给药系统是指通过在皮肤表面给药,使药物以恒定速度(或接近恒定速度)通过皮肤各层,进入体循环产生全身或局部治疗作用的一种给药方式,采用这种给药方式的剂型均为透皮剂,我国自古以来就有中药透皮给药治疗疾病的传统,传统的中药剂型为洗剂、搽剂、糊剂、油膏剂。但由于中药多为复方药,药味较多,成分复杂,各种成分含量较低,选择性及专一性较差,大部分透皮制剂属于局部用药,并不具有全身用药的药理作用,而且制备中指控要求低,药物吸收较差,与现代透皮给药系统有一定的差距,后经逐步改进剂型硬膏剂、软膏剂、霜剂、巴布剂。而当今在兽医临床上最常用的透皮剂型为浇泼剂、擦剂等新剂型。 相似文献
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洛美沙星（Lomefloxacin）透皮吸收搽剂中氮酮的最佳浓度 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
应用洛美沙星搽剂作为模型药物，采用离体鼠皮，研究了氮酮（Azone)在0%，1%，3%，5%，7%浓度时对洛美沙星透皮吸收的影响。试验结果表明，氮酮在洛美沙星透皮吸收搽剂中最佳浓度为4.01%。 相似文献
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须癣毛癣菌可引起兔皮肤真菌病,也是人兽共患病的病原。本研究自制中药复方喷剂,通过体内外实验对其抑菌效果进行了研究。结果表明:分离的皮肤致病菌为万博节皮菌(Arthoderma vanbreuseghemii);中药复方Ⅱ体外抑菌效果最好,浓度为0.1 g/mL时抑菌率可达61.4%;动物试验结果显示,中药复方喷剂对患皮肤病兔的治愈率为100%,优于西药组66.7%,用药第3 d患处结痂脱落,第7 d开始新生被毛,与西药组相比,试验组起效快,皮肤患处组织切片观察显示,中药复方可减少炎性细胞浸润,提高毛囊数量,后续观察试验组无复发,西药组有复发现象。本研究自制的中药复方喷剂对患有须癣毛癣菌感染兔有较好的治疗效果,可作为一种治疗兔皮肤真菌病的新药。 相似文献
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Alfredo Andreeta DChem Claudio Verde DVM Maximo Babusci BVetMed Raul Muller BVetMed Maria I. Simpson BVetMed Maria Fabiana Landoni PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2011,31(9):502-505
The aim of this study was to compare the penetration of diclofenac through horse skin in vitro and its efficacy in vivo when applied from five, commercially available, human medical formulations containing 1.16% diclofenac diethylamine. The rate of transdermal penetration of diclofenac varied between formulations. Also, estimated steady-state flux (Jss) was significantly different from that reported for human and rat skin. All the tested formulations produced a very weak and short-lasting antiedematous effect. 相似文献
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复方中药透皮软膏剂的药理与毒理作用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：研究复方中药透皮软膏剂的药理学与毒理学作用.方法：将蒲公英、金银花、连翘、赤芍、黄芩等9味中药组成复方,以水提醇沉法制得干浸膏,再与油相、水相与促渗剂制成O/W型透皮软膏剂,采用局部全封闭斑贴法进行皮肤刺激试验与皮肤致敏试验.将干浸膏加纯水稀释含生药量分别为5g/ml和1g/ml两种浓度的提取液,前者供急性毒性试验用,选用昆明系小白鼠,经口染毒后,观察7 d,用K（a）rber法计算LD50;后者用G3垂熔玻璃漏斗过滤,流通蒸气灭菌20 min,供抗菌试验用,采用试管二倍稀释法,测定提取液体外对6种病原菌的抗菌活性.结果：皮肤刺激平均分值小于0.5,为无刺激物;致敏率为0,属于弱致敏物;对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、牛棒状杆菌、革兰氏阴性小杆菌的MIC分别为31.3、62.5、62.5、62.5、125、125 g/l,MBC分别为62.5、125、62.5、62.5、125、125g/l;小鼠口服LD50为l0 140 g/kg,LD50 95%可信限为8 610～11 940 g/kg,属于实际无毒物质.结论：该方剂提取液具有较强的体外抗菌活性,可作为替代抗生素防治奶牛乳房炎的主药,研制开发的透皮软膏剂用于乳房炎局部治疗安全无毒. 相似文献
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In order to screen the Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was prepared by Foeniculum vulgare, Fructus cnidii and Bauhinia by water alcohol precipitation and distillation extraction methods. To observe the effect on Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was set to high, medium and low concentrations, the content of crude drug were 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 g/mL, respectively. The experiment of killing Demodex canis was carried out by drop method. On this basis, 12 dogs inoculated with Demodex canis were treated. In order to verify the therapeutic effect, 45 clinically diagnosed dogs with Demodex canis were divided into three groups. The results showed that 3 doses of the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit all had strong inhibition effect to kill mites, the high dose group could completely kill Demodex canis only 4 h after treatment, the action of 1% ivermectin control group was 8 h after treatment; 3 weeks later, a large number of new hair grew, rash and skin nodules disappeared, the skin lesion had healed in the affected area of high dose group, in 1% ivermectin treatment group, the dog skin improved, only a small amount of new hair grew, it couldn't cure standard; In the high and middle dose group, the average number of the ratio of skin scraping mites and the recurrence rate after drug withdrawal was 0 in one month later; The average number of mites proportion and recurrence rates of skin scrapings in 1% ivermectin treatment group were 10.63% and 9.17% in one month later; After 3 weeks of treatment, the total average eggs negative rate, cure rate and average cure days were 100.00%, 93.33% and 19.56 d in high dose traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin combined treatment group, the results were better than the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin alone treatment group. The results showed that the effect of the high dose group self-made Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit on killing Demodex canis in vitro, inoculation of Demodex canis and clinical therapeutic effect of natural infection cases were significantly better than 1% ivermectin control group, canine acariasis spirit as a traditional Chinese medicine preparation would have a good market development prospects. 相似文献
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为探讨中药及益生素替代抗生素应用于文昌鸡的临床效果，选用1日龄雌性文昌鸡2．7万只，随机分成2组，每组3个重复，每个重复4500只。基础日粮中添加0．02%的维吉尼亚霉素作为抗生素组，基础日粮中添加0．5％的3个中药复方和0．02%的益生素作为中药益生素组，试验期135d，测定不同日龄文昌鸡生长性能、血生化及血液学指标。结果显示，在整个试验期间，中药益生素组的死亡和淘汰率低于抗生素组，体质量高于抗生素组（P〉0．05），并在文昌鸡100日龄时呈显著性差异（P〈O．05）；中药益生素组的白细胞数在85日龄时显著高于抗生素组（P〈0．05），红细胞数在70，85日龄时显著高于抗生素组（P〈O．05）；日粮中添加中药和益生素在100日龄显著提高血清总蛋白的含量（P〈0．05），100，115，135日龄中药益生素组的白蛋白含量均显著高于抗生素组（P〈0．05）；谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性整体上未见明显变化。结果表明，鸡日粮中添加0．5％的中药复方1和0．02％的益生素能明显降低死亡率和淘汰率；日粮中添加0．5％的中药复方Ⅲ和0．02％的益生素的促生长作用优于抗生素；日粮中添加3种复方中药及益生素对文昌鸡的血液生理学指标和血生化指标无不良影响；中药复方Ⅱ中的组合仍要进行调整。 相似文献
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Birkenfeld B Parafiniuk M Bielecka-Grzela S Klimowicz A Piwowarska-Bilska H Mikołajczak R Listewnik MH Kurzejamska-Parafiniuk M Osowski A Byszewska-Szpocińska E 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2011,14(4):621-627
The properties of hyaluronic acid used for treatment of acute and chronic joint disease are known for many years and this compound is widely used both in humans and animals. To obtain a therapeutic effect of a certain drug, the appropriate concentration in the target organ or tissue is important. The application of labeled compounds is one of the frequently applied techniques to estimate drug penetration into the skin and other body tissues or organs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the penetration of hyaluronic acid labeled with I-131 through the skin and its distribution within the knee joint and other internal organs in rabbits after a topical application of an ointment containing hyaluronic acid. The experiment was performed on 22 albino rabbits divided into control and examined groups. Fifteen rabbits were exposed to the multicomponent ointment containing hyaluronic acid labeled with I-131. Time of exposure was 48 hours. Hyaluronate penetrated to a high degree into the examined tissues. No significant differences in terms of leg tissue activity were observed between a leg tissue exposed to labeled ointment and that unexposed, suggesting that after topical administration, the active component of the ointment is delivered to the joint via the blood stream. Hyaluronate applied topically penetrates through the skin into the rabbit tissues and organs and into the joint fluid of both legs (exposed and not exposed). This route of administration seems to be useful for this drug delivery and allows to avoid unnecessary side effects. 相似文献
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为筛选具有显著治疗犬蠕形螨的中药制剂,试验将中药小茴香、蛇床子、羊蹄根采用水煮醇沉及蒸馏等提取方法制备成中药制剂犬螨灵,并观察其对犬蠕形螨的疗效。将犬螨灵设为高、中、低3个浓度,其生药含量分别为2.0、1.0和0.5 g/mL,采用点滴法进行体外抑杀蠕形螨试验,在此基础上对12只接种蠕形螨的试验犬进行治疗试验,为验证治疗效果,对临床上已确诊的45只患有蠕形螨的病犬分3组进行临床治疗试验。结果显示,中药犬螨灵3种剂量均有较强的体外抑杀螨虫作用,高剂量组作用后4 h即可完全抑杀蠕形螨,1%伊维菌素对照组则为作用后8 h;高剂量组在治疗3周后,患处有大量新毛生长,红疹结节和皮屑消失,患处皮肤已痊愈,1%伊维菌素治疗组患犬皮肤好转,仅有少量新毛生长,不能达到痊愈标准;高、中剂量组皮肤刮取物螨虫数量平均比例及停药1个月后复发率均为0,1%伊维菌素治疗组皮肤刮取物螨虫数量平均比例及停药1月后的复发率分别为10.63%和9.17%。高剂量中药犬螨灵与1%伊维菌素两种药物联合治疗组,对临床上患病犬进行3周治疗,其虫卵平均转阴率、治愈率与平均治愈天数分别为100.00%、93.33%和19.56 d,其效果均优于中药犬螨灵与1%伊维菌素单独治疗组。结果表明,高剂量自制中药制剂犬螨灵对犬蠕形螨体外抑杀作用、接种蠕形螨试验犬与临床自然感染病例均有显著的治疗效果,优于1%伊维菌素对照组,犬螨灵作为中药杀螨虫制剂具有较好的市场开发前景。 相似文献