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1.
低温对马铃薯块茎呼吸及糖代谢的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验测定了两个马铃薯品种在４℃和１０℃低温贮藏条件下块茎的呼吸强庶糖、还原糖的含量。ＮＤ８６０－２品种在４℃和１０℃条件下，还原糖含量变化差异不大，而Ｎｏｒｃｈｉｐ品种在４℃下还原糖含量远远高于１０℃的处理。两个品种块茎中蔗糖含甚微。呼吸强度与还原糖含量的变化的相关性不明显。结果表明，两个品种在低温条件下糖代谢机理不同。 相似文献
2.
通过对不同贮藏温度下马铃薯块茎的还原糖含量及加工品质色泽指数的测定，筛选出在简易库房贮藏条件下（４～１０℃）适于加工的品种为国引ｌ、１１、１３、２、１２号，这些品种经过３个月的低温贮存还原糖积累水平较低（＜０．５％），色泽指数小（＜２０），加工品质好．冷贮（０～２℃）和冷贮一回暖（１５～１７℃）处理结果表明，冷贮导致块茎中还原糖含量大幅度提高，色泽指数显著增大．而经过回暖处理后，还原溏含量下降，色泽指数变小，但不同的品种经不同的处理时间回暖效果不一。国引１、２号经过３０天的回暖处理，加工品质达到商业要求． 相似文献
3.
贮藏期间马铃薯几个主要加工品质指标的变化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以宁夏南部山区近几年几个主栽品种为试验材料,测定了不同贮藏时期几个主要加工品质指标。结果表明:其加工所要求的主要的品质指标干物质、淀粉含量在收获时最高,随着贮藏时间的延长,不同品种马铃薯块茎干物质、淀粉含量均有不同程度的下降趋势。贮藏中期下降最多,贮藏末期各品种干物质、淀粉含量有所回升。还原糖等含量的变化与淀粉磷酸化酶、蔗糖转化酶的活性息息相关。随着低温贮藏天数的延长,不同品种马铃薯还原糖含量呈上升趋势。因此,在马铃薯加工利用时,对于低温长时间存贮的马铃薯根据加工利用目的如淀粉加工、食品加工必须进行升温贮藏,以降低淀粉磷酸化酶的活性,增加淀粉合成酶的活性,使糖转化为淀粉,提高块茎的淀粉含量,降低还原糖含量。 相似文献
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5.
《中国马铃薯》2017,(3):138-143
马铃薯块茎低温糖化现象除了直接受到淀粉和糖代谢相关酶如淀粉酶、酸性转化酶的活性影响外,也可能间接受到赤霉素和脱落酸等植物激素的调控。以马铃薯品种‘大西洋’块茎为试验材料,采用50 mmo L GA_3处理12 h后置于低温((4±0.5)℃)和室温((22±1)℃)条件下贮藏10 d,测定薯块的炸片色泽、还原糖含量、淀粉酶和酸性转化酶活性,研究赤霉素对马铃薯块茎低温糖化的影响。结果表明,GA_3处理使马铃薯块茎的炸片色泽加深,还原糖含量增加121.1%;同时,GA_3处理提高了淀粉酶的活性,而对酸性转化酶的活性没有影响。由此表明,GA_3可能通过提高马铃薯块茎淀粉酶的活性而使还原糖积累,从而导致炸片色泽加深即增强了低温糖化现象。 相似文献
6.
后期灌溉对宿根蔗蔗糖分积累的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在广西干旱条件下对两个甘蔗品种的宿根蔗,于生长后期分别进行灌溉和不灌溉（对照）处理。结果表明灌溉处理的甘蔗蔗糖分明显高于对照。对甘蔗叶片的生理生化分析结果表明,与对照相比,灌溉处理的过氧化物酶、ＮＡＤＰ－苹果酸酶、ＡＴＰ酶、酸性转化酶活性及水生蛋白质和蔗糖含量均有所提高,还原糖含量降低。对干旱相对较敏感的桂糖１１号,叶片的呼吸强度和叶绿素含量也以灌溉处理的较高。 相似文献
7.
筛选适应于低温贮藏的马铃薯加工品种 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
通过对不同贮藏温度下马铃薯块茎的还原糖含量及加工品质色泽指数的测定，筛选出在简易库房贮藏下知于加工的品种为国引１、１１、１３、２、１２号，这品种经过３个月的低温贮存还原糖积累水平较低，色泽指数小，加工品质好，冷贮和冷贮一回暖处理结果表明，冷贮导致块茎中还原糖含量大幅率提高，色泽指数显著增大，而经过回暖处理后，还原糖含量下降，色泽拽数变小，但不同的品种经不同的处理时间回暖效果不一。 相似文献
8.
本试验以高淀粉品种晋薯2号、中淀粉品种内薯3号和低淀粉品种紫花白为试验材料,设置了小区试验,在生育期间从还原糖和可溶性糖的代谢与块茎淀粉含量积累变化的相关关系进行了研究,其结果:(1)块茎淀粉含量的积累变化与叶片可溶性糖含量变化呈显著正相关关系.因此,叶片可溶性糖含量可做为马铃薯高淀粉育种早期选择和品质预测的重要生理指标;(2)块茎淀粉含量积累变化与叶片还原糖含量变化呈正相关,故叶片还原糖含量亦可做为马铃薯高淀粉育种早期选择和品质预测的生理指标;(3)块茎淀粉含量积累变化与茎秆、块茎可溶性糖、还原糖含量变化相关性不强,但生育后期与茎秆可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关. 相似文献
9.
为探讨荔枝品种资源果实成熟期间的糖、酸变化特点,对15份荔枝品种资源果实成熟进程中假种皮的糖、酸含量变化及其完熟果的还原糖、蔗糖含量进行分析。结果表明,15份荔枝资源果实成熟进程中的糖的变化可分为还原糖积累型和蔗糖积累型2大类,其中还原糖积累型又可分为4个亚类;不同品种资源间,完熟果的还原糖、蔗糖含量差异显著,还原糖的含量在67.50~118.63 mg/g,蔗糖的含量在13.60~93.27 mg/g,大部分的荔枝资源其果实主要积累还原糖;荔枝果实假种皮的可滴定酸含量在成熟的前期急剧下降,后期变化趋缓;以完熟果的各糖分指标进行聚类分析可将15份荔枝资源分为2个类群5个组群。 相似文献
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低温胁迫对木薯幼苗叶片转化酶及可溶性糖含量的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
以华南124(SC124)、华南8号(SC8)和阿根廷7号(ARG7)3个木薯品种为材料,研究在持续低温胁迫下木薯幼苗叶片转化酶活性(SAI,NI)及可溶性糖含量的变化。结果表明:可溶性酸性转化酶(SAI)在木薯耐寒品种中(ARG7)活性较高;低温胁迫均能提高3个品种木薯中SAI酶的活性,但是在耐寒品种ARG7中表现为稳定提高。中性转化酶(NI)在木薯耐寒品种中(ARG7)活性较高,低温胁迫也能提高3个木薯品种中的NI酶活性,而NI酶活性均表现为短期提高。初步推断,SAI活性与木薯的抗寒存在一定的正相关。低温胁迫后3个木薯品种叶片蔗糖、还原糖和可溶性总糖的含量均升高,且抗寒品种ARG7叶片的还原糖、蔗糖和可溶性总糖含量极显著高于SC124和SC8。 相似文献
11.
探讨切段式联合收割机收获的甘蔗茎段糖分变化情况,为今后糖厂合理安排机械砍收顺序和入榨时间提供参考。分别对两个甘蔗品种粤糖94-128和粤糖00-236采取人工收获和机械化收获,分析其放置过程中（5 d内,自然条件下）蔗糖分、还原糖、重力纯度变化情况。结果表明：与人工收获方式相对比,两个品种在机械化切段式收获方式下的蔗糖分、还原糖、重力纯度在收获当天转化不显著,而从收获后第二天开始,糖分开始变化,具体为蔗糖分、重力纯度下降,还原糖分升高,粤糖00-236的糖分转化损失速度大于粤糖94-128。因此建议切段式收获的甘蔗茎段应该安排当天入榨,而在同一天砍收这两个品种的情况下应该优先安排粤糖00-236入榨。 相似文献
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The response of four potato cultivars to various temperatures was evaluated in respect to respiration, sugar and phenolic content, and ion leakage from cut tissue sections. Respiration decreased with decreasing temperature from 20° to 0°C but after 24 hours at 0°C began to increase and reached a maximum after 10 days at 0°C, then drifted downward. No distinct break in an Arrhenius plot of the respiration data from 20° to 0°C was observed. Reducing and non-reducing sugars did not change initially between 20° and 0°C and did not increase until after 6 or 7 days at 0°C. The magnitude of the increase in sugars varied between cultivars. Only one cultivar significantly increased in phenolic content during chilling. Ion leakage remained constant from 20° to 0°C then showed a transient increase within 24 hours at 0°C. A sustained increase in leakage did not occur until after 10 days at 0°C. Cultivars varied in the rate and magnitude of the increase. The respiratory rise could not be attributed to an increase in sugar content or an increase in membrane permeability. Also, the initial increase in sugars preceded the sustained increase in ion leakage. Differences observed between cultivars in the parameters measured were not considered sufficient to explain differences in chilling sensitivity. 相似文献
13.
Stephen L. Love Joseph J. Pavek Asunta Thompson-Johns William Bohl 《American Journal of Potato Research》1998,75(1):27-36
Forty-four potato cultivars, released in the period between 1876 and the present were grown concurrently in field trials, stored simultaneously in three different environments, then evaluated for chip quality. They represented cultivars historically used and/or bred for potato chip production. Quality factors measured were tuber solids, chip color, reducing sugar levels, sucrose levels, and percent of defect-free chips. Tuber solids tended to increase in the late period cultivars, but trends were erratic. The release of Lenape marked the beginning of an increase in tuber solids that has continued to the present. There was a significant trend for lower reducing sugars and better chip color that corresponded to increasingly later cultivar release dates. Since about 1960, progress toward lower reducing sugars and better chip color has been constant, regardless of whether tubers were stored at 4.4 C, stored at 4.4 C and reconditioned, or stored at 10 C. Late period cultivars tended to have a greater percentage of defect-free chips in comparison to those released earlier, with most of the improvement coming during the last few years. This study provided evidence that potato breeders have made significant progress in developing cultivars with good chip quality. Evidence was also found that Lenape was a landmark cultivar and has been an important contributor to the observed breeding progress 相似文献
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为给小麦氮肥管理提供理论依据,选用强筋小麦品种郑麦9023和弱筋小麦品种郑麦004为材料,在大田试验条件下研究了增铵营养对不同专用型小麦旗叶、籽粒可溶性糖含量与籽粒中淀粉及其组分含量的影响。结果表明,增铵营养条件下,两种小麦旗叶、籽粒中可溶性糖含量与籽粒淀粉及其组分含量在灌浆期间的变化趋势基本一致,但在灌浆中后期差别较大,与郑麦9023相比,郑麦004对增铵营养的响应更为显著。在NO3-∶NH4+为50∶50时小麦旗叶、籽粒可溶性糖含量变化及淀粉积累增加最显著。在此处理下,花后24d郑麦9023和郑麦004旗叶可溶性糖含量分别增加了7%和21%;增铵营养对两个小麦品种淀粉组分支/直比例影响不一,与对照相比,增铵营养导致郑麦9023下降了3.2%,使郑麦004增长了1.1%。增铵营养可能主要通过增加小麦旗叶中可溶性糖含量促进籽粒淀粉积累,与强筋小麦品种郑麦9023相比,弱筋小麦品种郑麦004的各项指标表现更为优异。 相似文献
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Changes in sugar content and invertase activity in tubers of some Indian potato varieties stored at low temperature 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Summary Significant differences were found in sugar content and invertase activity of tubers of 8 Indian cultivars stored at 3–5°C.
Freshly harvested tubers of all the cultivars had low amounts of sugars, which increased during storage, and little or no
basal invertase activity but both basal and total invertase activities in all the cultivars increased during storage. There
were significant correlations between the reducing sugar content and basal and total invertase activities.
Publication no. 116, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla. 相似文献
16.
荔枝果实发育过程中果皮颜色形成的相关分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以着色较差的妃子笑(LitchichinensisSonn.cv.Feizixiao)和着色较好的白糖罂(LitchichinensisSonn.cv.Baitangying)果实为材料,研究了二者果实发育过程中叶绿素、花色素苷、可滴定酸、pH和糖的变化规律,探讨了这些指标与果实着色之间的关系。结果表明:果实发育中后期,白糖罂果实的着色指数一直高于同期的妃子笑果实。白糖罂花色素苷含量增加早且含量高,叶绿素含量下降快且含量低,花色素苷与叶绿素含量比值高。果实发育过程中,2个品种果皮的可滴定酸、可溶性糖、还原性糖、葡萄糖含量总体呈下降趋势,而pH、果糖含量呈上升趋势。果实发育后期,白糖罂可溶性糖、蔗糖含量比妃子笑低。可滴定酸和pH与果皮着色指数极显著相关,果糖、葡萄糖及还原性糖分别与妃子笑果皮色素的1种或几种及着色指数显著或极显著相关,但糖的变化与白糖罂色素含量及着色指数没有显著相关关系。 相似文献
17.
Summary Trials were carried out in 1984, 1985 and 1986, on a sandy loam soil with an average content of 133 mg/l available potassium
in which the effect of source (KCl, K2SO4) and rate (0, 300, 600, 900 kg K2O/ha) of potassium fertilizer on yield, tuber size, dry matter, reducing sugar, fry test colour and finish fried quality was
examined for two cultivars (Pentland Dell, Maris Piper).
The results indicate a strong influence of cultivar on all measured characters, the rate of potassium fertilizer also gave
significant changes in quality and yield and there were significant year effects. The effect of source of potassium was not
significant. 相似文献
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马铃薯贮藏过程中其还原据含量受温度、体积、时间以及通风量和光照条件的影响。用夏·薛·哈(Somogyi—Shaffer—Hartmarin)三氏法测定了8541至8545、东北白和紫花白7品种(系)的马铃薯还原糖在贮藏期随温度、体积、品种以及不同时期的含量;并对正交试验数据进行了处理,得到了贮藏期还原糖含量受诸多因素影响的变化关系,结果表明,正交试验法是一种行之有效的研究方法。 相似文献