共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 642 毫秒
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T-2毒素是由镰刀菌产生的毒性最强的霉菌毒素，广泛存在于动物饲料和贮存的谷物中。T-2毒素理化性质稳定，难以从污染的饲料和谷物中去除，被世界卫生组织列为不可避免的食品污染物，严重威胁人和动物健康。神经系统是T-2毒素攻击的靶系统之一，T-2毒素可通过破坏血脑屏障进入脑组织，诱导氧化应激，造成脑细胞氧化损伤和凋亡。论文系统地总结了T-2毒素神经毒性的研究进展，分析了T-2毒素神经毒性的分子机制及未来研究需要关注的重点和发展趋势，旨在为揭示T-2毒素神经毒性机制提供理论基础，为发掘缓解T-2毒素神经毒性靶标药物提供理论参考。 相似文献
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T-2毒素是一种毒性作用很强的霉菌毒素,是以镰刀菌属为主要产毒菌株所产生的一种A类单端孢霉烯族毒素,在多种谷物中的污染水平较高,通过食物摄入后在人类和动物机体内产生一系列毒性作用,严重威胁人类和动物的健康。论文从T-2毒素的理化性质、产毒菌株、毒性作用及对细胞凋亡的作用机制进行了简述,重点介绍了T-2毒素在免疫系统、消化系统和肝脏毒性、神经和皮肤毒性、血液毒性、生殖毒性方面的研究进展,以及T-2毒素通过线粒体信号通路介导细胞凋亡机制的研究进展,为T-2毒素的深入研究提供参考。 相似文献
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一些高温烹饪的食品中含有丙烯酰胺(acylamide,AA)。AA主要侵害动物和人的神经系统,产生神经毒性,而引起神经系统病变。AA神经毒性的作用机制目前还不是很清楚,但目前研究主要集中在轴突退变、浦肯野细胞(Purkinie)损伤、离子作用、蛋白结合、细胞凋亡、氧化损伤等这几个方面。 相似文献
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Alan S. Hammer Marcia A. Carothers Cheryl L. Harris Deborah A. O'Keefe Rodney D. Ayl Janet L. Peterson Karen A. Shank C. Guillermo Couto 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1994,8(3):240-243
An inexpensive combination chemotherapy protocol containing cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, and 5-fluorouracil was evaluated in dogs with carcinomas. Fifteen dogs were entered in this study, and there were 1 complete response and 2 partial responses among 12 evaluable dogs. However, 6 of 15 dogs (40%) developed neurotoxicity. The neurotoxicity of this protocol was compared with a previous 5-fluorouracil-containing protocol and found to be significantly higher. Due to the unacceptably high rate of neurotoxicity, this protocol cannot be recommended for use in dogs with cancer. 相似文献
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A case of presumptive organophosphate-induced delayed neurotoxicity in a bull is described. All signs were referable to a focal cervical or diffuse spinal cord lesion. These included recumbency with severe symmetrical paresis of all 4 limbs, the hind limb involvement being greater than the forelimbs. CSF analysis was normal. The bull was killed and necropsied. There were no gross CNS lesions. Histopathologic finds are characterized and their resemblance to lesions observed in delayed neurotoxicity caused by organophosphate compounds is discussed. The bull had been treated with organophosphate insecticide (famphur) 43 days prior to the onset of signs. 相似文献
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Stéphane Bissonnette Manon Paradis Isabelle Daneau† David W. Silversides† 《Veterinary dermatology》2009,20(1):60-66
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the multiple drug resistance gene ABCB1 (also known as MDR1 ), is an integral component of the blood brain barrier crucial in limiting drug uptake into the central nervous system. Altered expression or function of P-gp, as seen in dogs of the collie lineage homozygous for the nt228(del4) mutation of the ABCB1 gene ( ABCB1-1Δ ), can result in potentially fatal neurotoxicosis, especially following administration of systemic macrocyclic lactones (SML). Occasionally, dogs from unrelated breeds develop subchronic signs of neurotoxicity when receiving SML to treat generalized demodicosis. It is possible that these dogs are heterozygous carriers of the ABCB1-1Δ mutation, resulting in decreased P-gp activity and central neurotoxicosis. Cheek swabs were collected from 28 dogs with generalized demodicosis that had shown subchronic signs of neurotoxicity following daily oral administration of ivermectin or other SML. Ten of these animals received concurrent systemic treatment with other confirmed or putative P-gp substrates. After DNA extraction, the relevant portion of the ABCB1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and sequenced. Twenty-seven dogs were homozygous normal while one dog was heterozygous for the ABCB1-1Δ mutation. Therefore, with the exception of one dog, the observed neurotoxicity could not be attributed to the ABCB1-1Δ mutation. Possible explanations for the adverse reactions observed include pharmacological interactions (administration of SML with other P-gp substrates or inhibitors), excessively high doses, polymorphisms in P-gp expression, uncharacterized mutations in the ABCB1 gene or in another gene, or phenomena unrelated to the SML–P-gp interaction. 相似文献
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研究了癫痫对幼龄大鼠中枢神经元的损伤以及应用依托咪酯后的影响,旨在探讨依托咪酯对癫痫大鼠神经元的保护作用。大鼠随机分为试验组（72只）和对照组（C组,6只）,试验组分为模型组（KA组）、依托咪酯治疗组（Et组）,采用海仁酸（KA）诱导幼龄大鼠癫痫模型,通过甲酚紫染色观察受损的神经细胞以及热休克蛋白HSP-70的免疫反应阳性结果作为神经元损伤程度的指标,通过电镜观察海马神经元。结果显示,在KA组海马的CA3和DG区两种反应的阳性细胞数明显增多,而注射依托咪酯的大鼠海马相应区域阳性细胞数目明显减少。电镜观察结果显示依托咪酯组海马神经元损伤被抑制。结果表明,依托咪酯具有对海仁酸癫痫模型神经毒性的抑制作用,对海马神经元起到一定的保护作用。 相似文献
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This report describes the history, signs, histopathology, and diagnosis of a delayed neurotoxicity in Suffolk sheep caused by transmission oil. The signs of toxicity included hyperexcitability, a stiff gait, tetraparesis and inability to maintain sternal recumbency. The circumstances involved in exposure to the transmission oil were determined. Histopathology revealed widespread degeneration of axons in the spinal cord, especially their more distal portions. 相似文献
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Isolates were prepared from the sera of 12 horses with acute grass sickness, using methods reported to yield serum fractions associated with neurotoxicity, and their components identified by liquid chromatography and spectroscopy. All isolates were found to contain cortisol and six isolates also contained a degradation product of an analgesic drug, dipyrone. However, no recognised neurotoxin was detected. 相似文献
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Toxicological properties of metaflumizone 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Metaflumizone is a new insecticide developed for crop protection and urban pest control by BASF. Its mammalian toxicological profile was assessed by conducting multiple toxicity studies in the rat, mouse, and dog, covering all relevant endpoints. Metaflumizone is characterized by very low acute toxicity, is not irritating to the eye or the skin and does not possess a potential to induce skin sensitization. The substance also shows relatively low toxicity following subchronic oral or dermal exposure to mammals. In addition, metaflumizone demonstrates low toxicological potential following chronic oral exposure to rats, mice, and dogs. Overall, the lowest no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is 12mg/(kgday) from the 1-year chronic dog study. In a battery of in vitro and in vivo mutagenicity assays, the weight-of-the-evidence indicates a lack of potential genotoxicity for metaflumizone. Furthermore, the compound demonstrated a lack of potential oncogenicity in long-term toxicity studies in rats and mice. Results from the rat multi-generation reproductive toxicity study as well as the rat and rabbit developmental toxicity studies indicate that metaflumizone is not selectively toxic to the offspring or fetus, as compared to the parents. Also, metaflumizone is not teratogenic in the rat or rabbit. Lastly, no neurotoxicity could be detected in acute and subchronic neurotoxicity studies in rats. 相似文献
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Three clinically healthy Labrador puppies developed ataxia, hypermetria and convulsions shortly after eating the burnt crust of maize porridge. Two of the puppies died. Acrylamide toxicity was considered based on the history of all 3 puppies developing nervous signs after being exposed to a starch-based foodstuff that was subjected to high temperature during preparation. Acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity is thought to partially result from a distal axonopathy. 相似文献