共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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母猪卵巢皮质上存在大量卵泡，卵泡由原始卵泡向初级卵泡、次级卵泡逐步发育为排卵前的成熟卵泡时，伴随着卵泡闭锁的发生。目前认为颗粒细胞凋亡是导致卵泡闭锁的主要因素，并且已经证实。卵泡成熟后会破裂排卵，如果卵子未受精，则黄体会发生萎缩并退化，形成称作白体的结缔组织，最终被组织吸收。细胞凋亡受到多基因严格控制，随着分子生物学技术的发展，已经证明存在多个信号通路。本文以猪卵巢为模型，综述了卵泡闭锁期间颗粒细胞凋亡和黄体退化过程中黄体细胞凋亡的调控机制，以期为深入研究卵巢细胞凋亡提供理论基础。 相似文献
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微小核糖核酸(microRNA,miRNA)是一类内源性非编码RNA,具有广泛的基因表达调控作用,可以在转录后水平通过影响靶基因来调控相应蛋白质的表达,进而调节细胞的生命活动。miRNA在哺乳动物卵泡颗粒细胞中表达,并调控颗粒细胞的凋亡。颗粒细胞作为卵巢卵泡中数量最多的细胞群,在卵泡发育过程中起着至关重要的作用,不仅为卵母细胞提供营养物质,还调控其发育和成熟。颗粒细胞凋亡是导致卵泡闭锁的重要原因,影响卵泡的数量和质量从而影响雌性动物的繁殖性能。颗粒细胞凋亡过程受多种因素的调控。文章简述了miRNA对卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡的调控作用及其机制,其中包括miRNA通过调控激素分泌和细胞凋亡相关因子的表达进而调节颗粒细胞的凋亡,miRNA对颗粒细胞凋亡相关信号通路的影响,miRNA调控颗粒细胞凋亡导致的卵巢相关疾病,并总结了对颗粒细胞凋亡有调控作用的miRNA,以及miRNA在疾病诊断和治疗中的潜在作用,以期为后续相关卵巢疾病的发病机制和治疗方案研究,以及提高雌性哺乳动物生殖性能提供指导和参考。 相似文献
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研究表明颗粒细胞凋亡是卵泡闭锁的重要原因,调控颗粒细胞凋亡的因素是多种的,而生殖激素如生长激素、抑制素、活化素、卵泡抑素等间接地和直接地对卵巢卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡发挥重要的综合调控作用,这些激素通过多种信号转导途径调节颗粒细胞的凋亡,成为卵泡的存活因子和死亡因子.这些途径相互交联,构成信号网络,与卵巢的旁分泌、内分泌、自分泌途径一起参与卵泡闭锁和颗粒细胞的凋亡. 相似文献
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鹅卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡及其与生殖激素间的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用正处于产蛋期的扬州鹅10只，取其卵泡分离颗粒层细胞，用70％乙醇固定后，应用流式细胞术分析颗粒细胞凋亡情况。同时，用连续采血的方法，每3h采血一次，分离血浆，用放射免疫分析法测定血浆促卵泡素（FSH）、促黄体素（LH）、雌激素（Ez）水平，用以分析激素水平与凋亡间的关系。结果表明：（1）无论是健康卵泡还是闭锁卵泡，颗粒细胞90％以上均处于G1期，2％～6％处于G2期，S期比例最小；（2）闭锁卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡率极显著高于健康卵泡（P〈0．01）；（3）随着健康卵泡直径的增加，颗粒细胞的凋亡呈降低趋势；（4）健康组鹅的FSH、E2水平要高于闭锁组，而LH水平要低于闭锁组。 相似文献
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The mammalian ovary is an extremely dynamic organ in which a large majority of follicles are effectively eliminated throughout their reproductive life. Due to the numerous efforts of researchers, mechanisms regulating follicular growth and atresia in mammalian ovaries have been clarified, not only their systemic regulation by hormones (gonadotropins) but also their intraovarian regulation by gonadal steroids, growth factors, cytokines and intracellular proteins. Granulosa cells in particular have been demonstrated to play a major role in deciding the fate of follicles, serving molecules that are essential for follicular growth and maintenance as well as killing themselves by an apoptotic process that results in follicular atresia. In this review, we discuss the factors that govern follicular growth and atresia, with a special focus on their regulation by granulosa cells. First, ovarian folliculogenesis in adult life is outlined. Then, we explain about the regulation of follicular growth and atresia by granulosa cells, in which hormones, growth factors and cytokines, death ligand-receptor system and B cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 (BCL2) family members (mitochondria-mediated apoptosis) are further discussed. 相似文献
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生殖激素控制卵泡细胞凋亡的研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
研究表明颗粒细胞凋亡是导致卵泡闭锁的重要原因，而颗粒细胞凋亡涉及许多因素，其中生殖激素，如GnRH、FSH、LH、P4、E、A、GH、Mel、inhibin、activin、follistatin等间接地和直接地对卵巢卵泡细胞凋亡发挥重要的综合控制作用，因此正确理解激素对体内、外卵泡及颗粒细胞发育和衰亡的调节网络具有很重要的理论和实践意义。 相似文献
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In the mammalian ovary, more than 99% of follicles degenerate without ovulation and few oocytes ovulate and succeed to the next generation. Granulosa cell apoptosis plays a critical role in this process, follicular atresia. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the regulation of granulosa cell apoptosis have not been clarified. Death ligand and receptor systems are major apoptosis-inducing factors. This review describes the granulosa cell apoptosis via death ligand and receptor systems during follicular atresia in the porcine ovary. 相似文献
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Expression of Mitochondria‐Associated Genes (PPARGC1A,NRF‐1, BCL‐2 and BAX) in Follicular Development and Atresia of Goat Ovaries 
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下载免费PDF全文 G Zhang Y Wan Y Zhang S Lan R Jia Z Wang Y Fan F Wang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(3):465-473
Most follicles undergo atresia during the developmental process. Follicular atresia is predominantly regulated by apoptosis of granulosa cells, but the mechanism underlying apoptosis via the mitochondria‐dependent apoptotic pathway is unclear. We aimed to investigate whether the mitochondria‐associated genes peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma, coactivator1‐alpha (PPARGC1A), nuclear respiratory factor‐1 (NRF‐1), B‐cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL‐2) and BCL2‐associated X protein (BAX) played a role in follicular atresia through this pathway. The four mitochondria‐associated proteins (PGC‐1α, which are encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, NRF‐1, BCL‐2 and BAX) mainly expressed in granulosa cells. The mRNA and protein levels of PPARGC1A/PGC‐1α and NRF‐1 in granulosa cells increased with the follicular development. These results showed that these genes may play a role in the regulation of the follicular development. In addition, compared with healthy follicles, the granulosa cell in atretic follicles had a reduced expression of NRF‐1, increased BAX expression and increased ratio of BAX to BCL‐2 expression. These results suggested that changes of the mitochondria‐associated gene expression patterns in granulosa cells may lead to follicular atresia during goat follicle development. 相似文献
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Matsuda-Minehata F Inoue N Goto Y Manabe N 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(6):695-705
In the mammalian ovary, follicular development and atresia are closely regulated by cell death and survival-promoting factors, including hormones (gonadotropins) and intraovarian regulators (gonadal steroids, cytokines, and intracellular proteins). Several hundred thousand primordial follicles are present in the mammalian ovary; however, only a limited number of primordial follicles develop to the preovulatory stage and ovulate. The others, more than 99% of follicles, will be eliminated via a degenerative process known as "atresia". The endocrinological regulatory mechanisms involved in follicular development and atresia have been characterized to a large extent, but the precise temporal and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of these events have remained largely unknown. Recent studies suggest that the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells plays a major role in follicular atresia. In this review, we provide an overview of development and atresia of follicles, and apoptosis of granulosa cells in mammals. 相似文献
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Yuru Luo Ruiqi Zhang Jing Gao Yali Wang Weimin Zhang Suzhu Qing 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(7):822-832
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is one of the important regulatory factors of EGF family. EGF has been indicated to effectively inhibit the apoptosis of follicular cells, to promote the proliferation of granulosa cells and the maturation of oocytes, and to induce ovulation process via binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, little is known about the distribution and expression of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary especially during oestrous cycle. In this study, the localization and expression rule of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovaries of follicular phase and luteal phase at different time points in oestrous cycle were investigated by using IHC and real-time qPCR. The results showed that EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary were mainly expressed in granulosa cells, cumulus cells, oocytes, zona pellucida, follicular fluid and theca folliculi externa of follicles. The protein and mRNA expression of EGF/EGFR in follicles changed regularly with the follicular growth wave both in follicular and in luteal phase ovaries. In follicular phase ovaries, the protein expression of EGF and EGFR was higher in antral follicles than that of those in other follicles during follicular growth stage, and the mRNA expression of EGFR was also increased in stage of dominant follicle selection. However, in luteal phase ovaries, the growth of follicles was impeded during corpus luteum development under the action of progesterone secreted by granular lutein cell. The mRNA and protein expressions of EGF and EGFR in ovarian follicles during oestrous cycle indicate that they play a role in promoting follicular development in follicular growth waves and mediating the selection process of dominant follicles. 相似文献
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