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1.
低氧烟道环境制备污泥活性炭 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为降低污泥制备活性炭的成本,以高温低氧烟道气为媒介,研究了活化时间、温度、蒸气含量以及氧含量对污泥活性炭性能的影响规律,结果表明：活化温度、活化时间及水蒸气流量的最佳值分别为800°C、90 min和34.8%,该条件下污泥活性炭比表面积、产率、甲基橙及亚甲基蓝吸附值分别为：246.3 m2/g、46%、14.8 mg/g、18.1 mg/g。因而,高温低氧烟气直接用于物理活化法制备污泥活性炭,活化气量（水蒸汽）不够,产品活性炭的性能差,活化温度高达800°C,运行成本仍偏高。将湿污泥用ZnCl2按1∶1浸渍16 h后活化炭化,在活化温度、活化时间、氧含量分别为550°C、90 min、2%时,污泥活性炭的产率为59%,其比表面积和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别达516.1 m2/g和129.8 mg/g,孔体积为0.29 cm3/g,微孔体积为0.16 cm3/g,平均孔径为3.95 nm,性能较好。氧气能促进活性炭微孔的形成与发展,最佳的氧含量为2%~4%。与无氧条件下制备的污泥活性炭相比,氧含量为4%时制得的污泥活性炭的比表面积增加了6.82%,亚甲基蓝吸附值提高了2.75倍。该研究表明：高温烟气作为热源、保护气和活化气,结合化学活化法,可将脱水湿污泥直接制成污泥活性炭。该结果可为低成本制备污泥活性炭、实现污泥处理的资源化利用提供一定的参考。 相似文献
2.
在600 oC的热解温度下通过添加不同比例的碳酸钾制备活性生物炭。对比分析了碳酸钾活化生物炭（KBC）和普通生物炭（BC）的特性,包括生物炭红外光谱特征、表面官能团、比表面积和孔径分布及吸附动力学过程等。结果表明,经碳酸钾活化的生物炭比表面积大为提高,最高达到566 m2?g-1（KBC-2-600）,而普通生物炭（BC600）的比表面积仅为86.8 m2?g-1,KBC600系列的介孔孔容和微孔孔容均显著的高于BC600,介孔孔容平均扩大了16倍,微孔孔容平均扩大了4倍,同时提高了微孔率。经碳酸钾活化的生物炭表面官能团的数量和饱和度发生改变,在1 256 cm-1～3 414 cm-1处,官能团的总体含量均低于普通生物炭,酯类羰基消失,形成氢键的能力减弱,非饱和醚类增加,芳香性和非极性提高,此表面特征更有利于吸附非极性芳香类污染物。对萘吸附的动力学实验表明,BC600和KBC-4-600均适合拟二级动力学模型拟合,经碳酸钾活化后,生物炭的吸附性能提高,颗粒内扩散模型拟合结果表明,经碳酸钾活化后,生物炭内部孔隙复杂程度和数量均得到提高。碳酸钾活化的生物炭表面性质优良,作为高效吸附剂用于修复非极性芳香类污染有很大潜力。 相似文献
3.
为评价花生壳生物炭农业与环境领域应用价值与潜力,该研究分别在100~800℃条件下制备花生壳生物炭,测定其孔隙参数,以期了解花生壳生物炭在不同热解温度条件下的孔结构变化规律。结果表明,在100~500℃条件下制备的花生壳生物炭以中孔和大孔为主,其吸附解析等温线为Ⅱ类吸附等温线,迟滞回线属于H3型,孔隙结构主要由狭缝孔构成;600~800℃条件下制备的生物炭以微孔为主,其吸附解析等温线为Ⅰ类吸附等温线,迟滞回线属于H4型,孔隙结构主要是锥形孔。当热解温度从100℃上升至600℃过程中,BET比表面积、比孔容均呈上升趋势,同时t-Plot微孔比表面积、t-Plot微孔孔容、中孔比表面积、中孔孔容也均在600℃时基本达到最高水平。花生壳生物炭的孔径分布随温度的变化非常明显,孔峰主要在3~5 nm处,100~600℃条件下峰值表现为升高趋势,600~800℃条件下峰值逐渐降低,与比表面积分布图结果相一致。花生壳生物炭孔隙表面分形维数D1和体积分形维数D2均在600~800℃条件下水平较高,高热解温度导致孔隙结构的复杂程度有所增加,生物炭表面更加粗糙。根据花生壳生物炭在不同热解温度条件下的孔结构变化规律,为花生壳生物炭制备及应用提供参考依据,有利于实现花生壳综合高效利用。 相似文献
4.
稻壳炭提取SiO2及制备活性炭联产工艺 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
为了利用气化发电的固体产物稻壳炭,通过单因素试验,研究了稻壳炭同时提取二氧化硅及制备活性炭工艺技术,得出优化的工艺条件:质量分数20%的K2CO3溶液与稻壳炭原料的液固比为15mL/g,煮溶温度100℃,煮溶时间3.5h;稻壳炭的炭化温度是450℃,活化温度850℃,活化时间2h;SiO2的陈化温度为3℃、陈化时间3h。此条件下制备的稻壳基活性炭得率39.34%、碘吸附值978.35mg/g、亚甲基兰吸附值12mL/0.1g;二氧化硅得率25.77%、白度89.91%。试验表明该工艺制备出的稻壳基活性炭及二氧化硅产品的质量均达到了国家标准的要求,同时为稻壳炭的高效、无公害及资源化利用提供了一条可循的途径。 相似文献
5.
秸秆微波水热炭和活性炭理化及电化学特性 总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0
为了解秸秆微波酸催化水热炭和碱活化活性炭形成机制和理化特性演变规律,该研究开展了不同柠檬酸质量分数下的秸秆微波水热和活性炭的制备试验,并研究了水热炭和活性炭理化及其电化学特性。结果表明,随柠檬酸质量分数的增加,秸秆水热炭的产率、挥发份和H含量减少,而其灰分、固定碳、C和高位热值增加,且酸质量分数为10%后趋于稳定。柠檬酸质量分数为10%时,水热炭的碳微球结构最丰富,其比表面积和孔体积最大,且以中孔为主。10%柠檬酸水热炭在900℃下经KOH活化后的活性炭产率为8%～11%,活化气体产率为32%～35%,且以CO和H_2为主。900℃活性炭的比表面积为1 250～1 570 m~2/g,总孔体积为1.00～1.20 cm3/g,孔径为3.55～4.10 nm,且以中孔和微孔为主。当电流密度为1 A/g,水稻、玉米和油菜秸秆活性炭的比电容分别为160.54、150.12和155.17 F/g,且循环5 000次后的电容保持率分别为91.04%、88.12%和89.06%,表现出较好的循环稳定性。水稻秸秆水热炭和活性炭的产率、灰分、碳转化率、能量转化率、比表面积、总孔体积、比电容和电容保持率最大。 相似文献
6.
为了满足人们对新型储能设备的需求,以生物质尤其是农林废弃物基炭材料作为电极材料的超级电容器备受关注。该研究以农业废弃物材料刀豆壳作为前驱体,采用KOH活化方法制备高比面积活性炭并作为超级电容器电极材料。以材料比电容为响应值,活化温度和活化比例为试验因素,采用中心复合设计方法(CCD,Central Composite Design)进行响应面优化研究,并探究在最佳工艺条件下制备的活性炭的电化学性能。研究结果表明:活化温度和活化比例对刀豆壳活性炭材料的比电容均具有显著影响。优化得到的最优工艺参数为活化温度694℃,活化比例4.17∶1。验证试验得到刀豆壳活性炭材料的平均比电容为254 F/g,与预测值基本吻合。同时对活性炭进行了性能表征,采用扫描电镜(SEM,Scanning Electron Microscope)和透射电镜(TEM,Transmission Electron Microscope)观察活性炭的形貌特征,通过氮气吸-脱附测试研究了炭材料的孔隙结构,结果表明:刀豆壳活性炭材料表面分布大量纳米孔,最大比表面积可达3 129 m~2/g,总孔容达1.68 cm~3/g,微孔孔容达0.96 cm~3/g,有利于电解液流通和电解质离子吸附。 相似文献
7.
利用废弃物互花米草厌氧发酵渣为原料,以H3PO4为活化剂,于N2保护下,在不同的活化温度（400~700℃）和剂料质量比（0.5~3.0）条件下制备活性炭,以低温液氮（N2/77.4 K）吸附测定活性炭的比表面积、孔容及孔径分布,以FTIR、pHPZC测定分析活性炭表面化学性质;以亚甲基蓝为特征污染物,考察所制备的活性炭成品的吸附能力。结果表明,随着剂料质量比的增大,活性炭孔径分布变宽,中孔所占比例增大;在所考察的活化温度范围内,活性炭N2吸附容量大小与BET比表面积呈现相同的趋势。活化温度为500℃、剂料质量比为2.0条件下所制备的活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能良好,最大吸附容量可达243.90 mg.g-1,符合Langmuir吸附等温模型。亚甲基蓝Langmuir最大吸附容量与活性炭BET比表面积存在一定的线性关系。该活性炭制备方法为互花米草厌氧发酵渣的综合利用找到了新的途径。 相似文献
8.
为实现农业废弃物的资源化利用,该文以稻壳为原料、K2CO3为活化剂制备稻壳基活性炭。采用Plackett-Burman(P-B)和中心复合设计(central composite design,CCD)法对影响稻壳基活性炭得率和碘吸附性能的5个工艺因素进行筛选和优化,确定样品得率和碘吸附值的预测模型,并进行验证。结果表明,所建立的稻壳基活性炭得率和碘吸附值回归方程的决定系数R2分别为0.90和0.85,影响样品得率的主要因素为:活化温度活化时间K2CO3浓度,影响样品碘吸附值的主要因素为:活化温度K2CO3浓度活化时间,浸渍体积比和浸渍时间影响不显著;经CCD法建立的稻壳基活性炭得率和碘吸附值的预测模型极显著(P0.0001,P0.01),决定系数R2可达0.92和0.90,活化温度和活化时间之间存在较强的交互作用。优化后的工艺条件为:活化温度1029.17 K、K2CO3浓度1.95 mo L/L、活化时间1.17 h、浸渍体积比3,浸渍时间11 h,其得率和碘吸附值的预测值分别为13.61%、1058.83 mg/g,与实测值(14.53%、1021.30mg/g)的误差仅为6.33%、3.67%,拟合性良好,说明运用CCD法对稻壳基活性炭制备工艺的优化是准确可靠的。该结果可为K2CO3活化法制备稻壳基活性炭的工业化生产提供一定的参考。 相似文献
9.
文冠果壳基活性炭制备工艺优化与性能表征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
文冠果壳为文冠果榨油后的废弃物,为避免环境污染,充分利用这种废弃物制成高附加值的活性炭,该研究以文冠果壳为原料,采用磷酸活化法制备活性炭,以固液比、磷酸浓度、活化时间和活化温度为自变量,活性炭的碘吸附值为因变量,经响应面试验优化制备工艺,探究文冠果壳活性炭的吸附性能。结果表明,通过响应面试验优化得到最佳工艺条件：固液比1∶1 g/mL,磷酸浓度71%,活化时间158 min,活化温度540℃,此时碘吸附值为(1 127.377±2.406) mg/g,与预测的碘吸附值误差仅为0.390%。与文冠果壳相比,经活化得到的活性炭水分和灰分明显降低,C元素质量分数升高至69.702%;活性炭的比表面积为841.438 m2/g,总孔容为0.593 cm3/g,平均孔径为4.361 nm,孔隙结构发达,主要以介孔为主,且官能团主要为羰基。因此可以用文冠果壳制备出吸附性能好的活性炭,该结果可为磷酸活化法制备文冠果壳基活性炭的工业化生产提供一定参考。 相似文献
10.
为了探究热解终温对油茶壳热解产物特性的影响,实现油茶壳热解多联产产物的有效利用,该文研究了油茶壳300～700℃热解过程中气、液、固的得率,特性和能量分布规律,讨论了油茶壳热解炭制备活性炭的工艺条件。研究表明,随着热解终温的升高,生物质炭得率下降,不可凝气体得率上升,生物质油得率则呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势。生物质炭的能量产率高达47.21%～81.59%,是油茶壳热解的主要产物,随着热解终温的升高,其固定碳含量增大,BET比表面积先增加后减小,在600℃达到最高值278 m2/g。油茶壳活性炭制备的最佳工艺条件活化温度850℃,活化时间1.5 h,水蒸气用量与炭的比2.0,此条件下的活性炭得率为37.47%,碘吸附值为825 mg/g,BET比表面积为736 m2/g。该研究为油茶壳热解多联产工艺及产物的综合有效利用提供参考依据。 相似文献
11.
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
15.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献
17.
Electron donor and pH relationships for biologically enhanced dissolution of chlorinated solvent DNAPL in groundwater 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Biologically enhanced dissolution offers a method to speed removal of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) sources such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichoroethene (TCE) from aquifers. Bioremediation is accomplished by adding an electron donor to the source zone where fermentation to intermediates leading to acetic acid and hydrogen results. The hydrogen and possibly acetic acid are used by dehalogenating bacteria to convert PCE and TCE to ethene and hydrochloric acid. Reductive dehalogenation is thus an acid forming process, and sufficient alkalinity must be present to maintain a near neutral pH. The bicarbonate alkalinity required to maintain pH above 6.5 is a function of the electron donor: 800 mg/L of bicarbonate alkalinity is sufficient to achieve about 1.2 mM TCE dechlorination with glucose, 1.7 mM with lactate, and a much higher 3.3 mM with formate. Laboratory studies indicate that in mixed culture, formate can be used as an electron donor for complete conversion to ethene, contrary to pure cultures studies indicating it cannot. Various strategies can be used to add electron donor to an aquifer for DNAPL dehalogenation while minimizing pH problems and excessive electron donor usage, including use of injection-extraction wells, dual recirculation wells, and nested injection-extraction wells. 相似文献
18.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
19.
Three slow-growing legume trees used for desert reforestation and urban gardening in the Sonoran Desert of Northwestern Mexico
and the Southwestern USA were evaluated whether their growth can be promoted by inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria
(Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus), unidentified arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (mainly Glomus sp.), and supplementation with common compost under regular screenhouse cultivation common to these trees in nurseries. Mesquite
amargo (Prosopis articulata) and yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla) had different positive responses to several of the parameters tested while blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida) did not respond. Survival of all tree species was over 80% and survival of mesquite was almost 100% after 10 months of cultivation.
Inoculation with growth-promoting microorganisms induced significant effects on the leaf gas exchange of these trees, measured
as transpiration and diffusive resistance, when these trees were cultivated without water restrictions. 相似文献
20.
Y. Bashan J. J. Bustillos L. A. Leyva J.-P. Hernandez M. Bacilio 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,42(4):279-285
Inoculation of wheat seedlings with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd was immobilized in alginate microbeads and, without applying any stress, significantly increased the quantity of several
photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the auxiliary photoprotective pigments violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, antheroxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, and β-carotene.
This resulted in greener plants with no apparent visible stress. After monitoring the quantity of photosynthetic pigments
for 4 weeks, we observed that inoculated plants had higher quantities of pigments in shoot and stem. The greatest difference
in the quantity of all pigments between inoculated and noninoculated plants occurred in the first week of growth. Regardless
of treatment, the quantity of pigments in stems was three to four times less than the quantity of these pigments in shoots.
Application of Azospirillum, either as liquid inoculant or as alginate microbeads, did not alter the positive effect of the bacteria on pigment production
or the positive response of the plants towards A. brasilense Cd inoculation. 相似文献