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骡鸭生长模型的比较研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
畜禽生长曲线的分析和拟合是研究畜禽生长发育规律的主要方法之一,生长曲线可用于判别动物生长发育的基本模式,还可以与动物摄食量的数据结合,用于预测动物各生长期的体质量、生长率、饲料消耗量、饲料转化率,研究营养、温度等多种因素对生长的影响等.在家禽生长曲线研究方面国外已经有不少报道,但对鸭的生长曲线的研究国内报道很少见,骡鸭的相关研究未见报道.现根据不同杂交组合的骡鸭的生长数据,采用3种生长曲线模型--Logistic模型、Gompertz模型和Von Bertalanff模型对不同杂交组合骡鸭的生长进行拟合分析,寻找出最适拟合骡鸭的生长曲线用于骡鸭生长发育预测,为骡鸭的生产提供理论指导,提高骡鸭饲养的经济效益. 相似文献
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动物生长曲线拟合方法的探讨 总被引：49，自引：0，他引：49
本文提出了一种近似估计生长曲线参数的方法,即先用差商代替导数(或),由生长曲线的微分模型估计出部分参数,剩余参数在原模型中通过最小二乘加权处理法求得。并以肉鸡的体重生长资料为例,拟合了指数生长曲线,Logistic方程和Gom-pertz三种常用的动物生长模型。拟合结果(拟合度)分别为:0.9342,0.9796,0.9554,而高精度法(Marquardt法)的拟合度对应是:0.9314,0.9988,0.9941。可见,两种方法的拟合结果顺序一致,精度相差并不太大。若追求更高的拟合精度,近似估计法可作为Marquardt法确定参数初值的方法。 相似文献
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五指山猪(WZSP)近交系生长曲线分析与拟合的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
畜禽生长曲线的分析和拟合是研究畜禽生长发育规律的主要方法之一。生长曲线可描述动物体重随年龄增加而发生的规律性及连续性变化过程。生长曲线模型（growth curve model，GC）是在研究生物的某指标随时间的增长而变化建立的一种模型，在生物中有广泛的应用。Brody（1954）提出了生长曲线的二阶段性，即生长前期自加速阶段和生长后期自抑制阶段，并分别用不同的数学模型加以描述。以后又建立了Logistic模型、Gompertz模型和Richards模型。 相似文献
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太湖鸡生长发育与曲线拟合情况分析 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13
运用Logistic、Gompertz和Bertallanffy3种曲线模型对太湖鸡母鸡0~12周龄生长情况进行了分析和非线性拟合研究。结果表明:3种曲线模型均能较好地拟合太湖鸡的早期生长曲线(R2均为0.999)。分析发现:Logistic生长曲线对禽类早期生长的拟合效果较佳,而对早期生长发育较慢的地方禽种的生长后期拟合效果较差。经比较,3种生长曲线中以Gompertz曲线模型对太湖鸡母鸡的生长拟合效果最佳。通过生长曲线的拟合还能发现饲养管理中存在的问题。 相似文献
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采用Logistic非线性动物生长模型拟合泰顺黑鸡初生到20周龄的平均体重,进行生长曲线分析.结果表明:①根据Logistic生长曲线方程原理,确定泰顺黑鸡生长曲线方程参数A=1799.398,B=24.908,并对方程进行了拟合,建立了泰顺黑鸡生长曲线方程Y=1799.398/(1+24.908e-0.281t)(P<0.05);②Logistic方程能较好拟合泰顺黑鸡的生长过程,拟合度在0.99以上,生长拐点时间为11.3周龄.拐点体重为899.699 g,极限体重参数1799.398g. 相似文献
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<正>动物生长曲线的拟合和分析是研究动物生长发育规律的主要方法之一,理想的动物生长曲线模型,有助于判断与分析饲养、管理、防疫上的成功与失败。常见的非线性生长模型有Logistic、Gompertz、和Richards等[1]。家禽内脏器官的发育具有一定的规律,研究其规律,对家禽培育中调控性成熟、提高生产效益具有重要的理论和现实意义[2]。 相似文献
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本文采用Logistic非线性动物生长模型拟合海狸色獭兔从出生到6月龄的平均体重,进行生长曲线拟合分析,结果表明:①利用Logistic生长曲线方程,确定獭兔生长曲线方程各参数为a=23.08,b=1.39,k=2 718.65,拟合后,建立海狸色獭兔生长曲线方程为y=2718.65/(1+23.08 e-1.39x)(P<0.05);②Logistic方程能够很好地拟合海狸色獭兔生长过程,拟合度达到0.98,并计算出生长拐点时间为2.81月龄,拐点体重为1 359.33g。 相似文献
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塞北兔生长发育及生长曲线的拟合 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用Logistic非线性动物生长模型拟合塞北兔初生到6月龄的平均体重,进行生长曲线分析．结果表明：①根据Logistic生长曲线方程原理,确定了塞北兔生长曲线方程参数a=24．2593,b=0．9297,并对方程进行了拟合,建立了塞北兔生长曲线方程y^^=6596．5589／（1＋24．259 3e^-0.9297x）（P〈0．05）;②Logistic方程能很好的拟合塞北兔的生长过程,拟合度均在0．95以上,生长的拐点时间为3．43月龄,拐点体重为3298．28g,极限体重参数6596．5589g。 相似文献
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为探究新疆褐牛种公牛生长发育规律,利用SAS 8.1软件中的Logistic、Gompertz、Brody和Bertallanffy 4种常用的生长曲线模型对344头次新疆褐牛种公牛体重生长曲线进行拟合。结果表明,4种模型均能较好的拟合新疆褐牛种公牛体重生长,拟合度R2分别为 0.9217、0.9263、0.9176和0.9261,其中Gompertz模型对新疆褐牛种公牛体重生长发育的拟合效果较好,Logistic、Gompertz和Bertallanffy模型生长曲线的拐点分别为(0.4937岁、502.10 kg)、(1.3168岁、379.54 kg)和(1.0477岁、311.25 kg)。本研究对实际生产具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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Thinh Nguyen Hoang Huong T. T. Do Doan H. Bui Dang K. Pham Tuan A. Hoang Duy N. Do 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13483
Understanding of animal growth is important for the improvement of management and feeding practices; however, little is known about the growth curve in Vietnamese indigenous chicken. This study was performed to determine the most appropriate models for describing the growth curve of Vietnamese Mia chicken. The study evaluated the performances of the Logistic, Gompertz, Richards, and Bridges models of body weights in 224 Mia chickens. Models were fitted using minpack.lm package in R software and Akaike’s information criterion and Bayesian information criterion were used for model comparison. Based on these criteria, the Gompertz and Bridges were the best models for males and females, respectively. Estimated asymmetric weights (α) were ranged from 2,241.91 ± 14.74 (g) (Logistic) to 2,623.86 ± 30.23 (g) (Gompertz) for males and from 1,537.36 ± 10.97 (g) (Logistic) and 1,958.36 ± 72.92 (g) (Bridges) for females, respectively. The age at the inflection point was estimated from 9.32 to 10.5 weeks and from 8.51 to 9.86 weeks for males and females, respectively. In conclusion, the Gompertz model is the most suitable model for describing the growth curve of Mia chicken. The parameters obtained from growth models could help define feeding programs to meet nutritional needs from hatching to the age of maximum growth, reproduction programs, and marketing strategies. 相似文献
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Forni S Piles M Blasco A Varona L Oliveira HN Lôbo RB Albuquerque LG 《Journal of animal science》2007,85(12):3189-3197
The objective of this work was to evaluate the Nelore beef cattle, growth curve parameters using the Von Bertalanffy function in a nested Bayesian procedure that allowed estimation of the joint posterior distribution of growth curve parameters, their (co)variance components, and the environmental and additive genetic components affecting them. A hierarchical model was applied; each individual had a growth trajectory described by the nonlinear function, and each parameter of this function was considered to be affected by genetic and environmental effects that were described by an animal model. Random samples of the posterior distributions were drawn using Gibbs sampling and Metropolis-Hastings algorithms. The data set consisted of a total of 145,961 BW recorded from 15,386 animals. Even though the curve parameters were estimated for animals with few records, given that the information from related animals and the structure of systematic effects were considered in the curve fitting, all mature BW predicted were suitable. A large additive genetic variance for mature BW was observed. The parameter a of growth curves, which represents asymptotic adult BW, could be used as a selection criterion to control increases in adult BW when selecting for growth rate. The effect of maternal environment on growth was carried through to maturity and should be considered when evaluating adult BW. Other growth curve parameters showed small additive genetic and maternal effects. Mature BW and parameter k, related to the slope of the curve, presented a large, positive genetic correlation. The results indicated that selection for growth rate would increase adult BW without substantially changing the shape of the growth curve. Selection to change the slope of the growth curve without modifying adult BW would be inefficient because their genetic correlation is large. However, adult BW could be considered in a selection index with its corresponding economic weight to improve the overall efficiency of beef cattle production. 相似文献
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Ward CJ 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,138(3-4):247-267
Mathematical models were constructed to simulate the effect of Ostertagia ostertagi infections on the growth of young cattle. The equations are based on System Dynamics using the DYSMAP 2 software package in their construction. A pasture and animal growth model simulates the growth of pasture and the influences of management and climate on it; cattle feed intake and conversion into energy for maintenance and liveweight gain; the effect of the parasite burden on feed intake and utilization of energy. This model was then combined with one of the life cycle of O. ostertagi in order to determine the effect of worm burdens on animal growth rate in a range of farm conditions, such as stocking rate, grazing history of the pasture, and rainfall. By converting the resultant liveweight gain into a monetary value, an economic assessment of alternative worm control strategies can be made. In this paper the construction of the models with equations and assumptions is given in detail. 相似文献
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The use of genomic selection for changing the growth curve shape of animals, acting simultaneously on the 3 parameters of a Gompertz growth curve, was studied using computer simulation. Results showed that genomic selection modified the growth curve. Responses to all selection criteria were accompanied with a correlated response in mature weight due to the high genetic correlations between mature weight and the 2 rate parameters. Responses to selection were affected by the loss of accuracy over generations of genomic selection due to the loss of gametic disequilibrium between SNP and genes determining the parameters. In conclusion, genomic selection can be used for changing growth curve parameters. However, changing the whole curve (birth weight, adult BW, and curve shape) is not easy due to the correlation between all BW along the growth of the animal. Applying genomic selection will require a constant reevaluation of the associations between SNP and genes determining the curve parameters. 相似文献
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为揭示马岗鹅的生长发育规律,挖掘马岗鹅的生长潜力,本研究通过测定马岗鹅0~12周龄的体重和体尺性状,并用Logistics、Von Bertalanffy和Gompertz 3种模型进行生长曲线拟合。结果表明:马岗鹅体重生长曲线最佳模型为Gompertz模型(R2=0.999),拐点周龄是4.31周龄,拐点体重是1459.01g,2~8周龄的周增重都在320 g以上,相对生长率都在16%以上,8周龄前为马岗鹅体重迅速增长时期。胸深、龙骨长、颈长的最佳拟合模型为Gompertz,拐点周龄分别为0.65、3.71、2.28周龄;体斜长、半潜水长的最佳拟合模型为Von Bertalanffy,拐点周龄分别为0.53、0.47周龄;胸宽、骨盆宽、胫长、胫围的最佳拟合模型为Logistic,拐点周龄分别为3.81、1.39、0.91、0.51周龄;7周龄前为马岗鹅体尺性状迅速增长时期。本研究结果可为马岗鹅的生产和饲养管理提供理论指导。 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a metallothionein/bovine GH transgene on duration and rate of growth of lean and fat in mice. Mice were produced by mating hemizygous transgenic males to nontransgenic females. Ten weights and six measurements of total body electrical conductivity to estimate body composition were taken on 147 progeny between birth and 84 d of age. Growth traits for fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat mass (FM) were obtained by fitting FFM and FM to a logistic curve y = A/(1 + exp(k(b - t))), where y is FFM or FM, A is asymptotic mass, k and b are curve parameters, and t is time in days. The function and its first, second, and third derivatives for FFM and FM were used to model growth. A mixed model was used with animal and litter as random effects and trans-genotype, sex, and transgenotype x sex as fixed effects in analyses of growth traits. Estimates of transgeno-type and transgenotype x sex interaction were tested by using their corresponding standard errors. Males had greater response to the transgene than females in final FFM and growth rate during the entire growth period. Transgenic males and females had greater duration of lean growth than nontransgenics. Transgenic males began to accumulate fat later, but they eventually gained more fat than transgenic females. 相似文献
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F. Baldi L.G. Albuquerque M.M. Alencar 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2010,127(4):289-299
The objective of this work was to estimate covariance functions for direct and maternal genetic effects, animal and maternal permanent environmental effects, and subsequently, to derive relevant genetic parameters for growth traits in Canchim cattle. Data comprised 49 011 weight records on 2435 females from birth to adult age. The model of analysis included fixed effects of contemporary groups (year and month of birth and at weighing) and age of dam as quadratic covariable. Mean trends were taken into account by a cubic regression on orthogonal polynomials of animal age. Residual variances were allowed to vary and were modelled by a step function with 1, 4 or 11 classes based on animal’s age. The model fitting four classes of residual variances was the best. A total of 12 random regression models from second to seventh order were used to model direct and maternal genetic effects, animal and maternal permanent environmental effects. The model with direct and maternal genetic effects, animal and maternal permanent environmental effects fitted by quadric, cubic, quintic and linear Legendre polynomials, respectively, was the most adequate to describe the covariance structure of the data. Estimates of direct and maternal heritability obtained by multi‐trait (seven traits) and random regression models were very similar. Selection for higher weight at any age, especially after weaning, will produce an increase in mature cow weight. The possibility to modify the growth curve in Canchim cattle to obtain animals with rapid growth at early ages and moderate to low mature cow weight is limited. 相似文献
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Baguley J 《Australian veterinary journal》2011,89(9):352-359
OBJECTIVE To examine the potential impact of household demographic and pet ownership trends on the demand for and revenue from companion animal veterinary services in Australia. DESIGN The size of the market for companion animal veterinary services was estimated by creating a model using assumptions derived from the revenue equation. The model was verified and validated through sensitivity analyses and comparisons between model outputs and available industry data. RESULTS The model provided outputs similar to alternative industry estimates and suggested that revenue growth in recent years has been much stronger than demand growth. Under the assumptions used in this model, forecast changes to household numbers and types are less important than pet ownership trends in determining the potential demand for and revenue from companion animal veterinary services. Forecast trends in household types and relatively stable pet ownership in the future will lead to growth in demand for companion animal veterinary services in real terms of approximately 1.2% per annum to 2026. CONCLUSION The market for companion animal veterinary services in Australia is mature and growth in demand is expected to remain low over the forecast period. For most veterinary practices within this environment, growth in revenue will be a function of growth in average client fees. 相似文献
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内蒙古肉羊产业发展预测及研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综述了内蒙古肉羊产业发展现状及特点,并以计量模型的方式分析了肉羊存栏数与畜牧业产值的相关性。采用ARIMA模型,对2010—2014年肉羊存栏量进行趋势预测,得出肉羊存栏下降会对内蒙古畜牧业产值增长带来负面效应的结论。提出了解决畜牧业产值负增长的对应措施。 相似文献