共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 609 毫秒
1.
《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2015,(4)
对青海省海西州都兰县海拔2 800 m以上的荒漠、半荒漠、沼泽草场放牧的牛、羊同盘吸虫感染情况进行调查,用解剖法对牛、羊瘤胃解剖,获取虫体,结果同盘吸虫牛、羊感染率分别为45%和78.33%。 相似文献
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采用寄生虫学完全剖检法,对默勒镇老日根村、才仕土村和海浪村的共60只绵羊进行了同盘吸虫感染情况调查,其中老日根村和海浪村各25只绵羊、才仕土村10只绵羊。结果:老日根村绵羊同盘吸虫感染率68.0%(17/25),才仕土村感染率20.0%(2/10),海浪村感染率为0(0/25),平均感染率为31.67%,平均感染强度187.1条,感染范围0~577条。检出鹿同盘吸虫(Paramphistomum.cervi)、后藤同盘吸虫(P.gotoi),隶属于同盘科(Paramphistomatidae)同盘属(Paramphistomum);鹿同盘吸虫感染率26.7%,平均感染强度282.9条,感染范围61~405条;后藤同盘吸虫感染率8.3%,平均感染强度87.2条,感染范围32~172条。结果显示默勒地区因村间草场类型存在一定区别,绵羊同盘吸虫感染情况也有差异,以鹿同盘吸虫寄生数量为多,后藤同盘吸虫寄生数量较少。 相似文献
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为了解福建省山羊蠕虫病的流行情况,对来自福建省各地送检的308只山羊所检出的蠕虫按照不同日龄、不同月份以及不同饲养模式进行分类统计。6月龄内山羊感染的主要蠕虫有捻转血矛线虫、莫尼茨绦虫;6~12月龄山羊感染的主要蠕虫有捻转血矛线虫、莫尼茨绦虫、肝片吸虫、同盘吸虫和食道口线虫;12~18月龄山羊感染的主要蠕虫有捻转血矛线虫、肝片吸虫、同盘吸虫和食道口线虫;18月龄以上山羊感染的主要蠕虫有同盘吸虫、肝片吸虫、食道口线虫和阔盘吸虫。一年四季均可感染,下半年感染率略高于上半年。舍内饲养的山羊蠕虫感染率较低;山上放牧的山羊易感染捻转血矛线虫、食道口线虫和阔盘吸虫;在荒田或河边放牧的山羊易感染肝片吸虫、莫尼茨绦虫和同盘吸虫。羊群在不同阶段、不同季节、不同饲养模式条件下,蠕虫的感染情况有所不同。调查结果为福建省山羊蠕虫病的防控提供依据。 相似文献
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李连芳 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2012,(4):28-29
作者对1991—2005年期间对青海省牛羊吸虫感染染情况进行了调查统计。结果表明:15年间肝片吸虫发病羊111299只,发病率为11.03%,死亡4323只,致死率为3.88%;双腔吸虫病发病羊48630只,发病率4.30%,死亡6863只,致死率为14.11%。肝片吸虫病呈地方性流行,有明显的季节性,病畜和带虫动物是该病的感染源。双腔吸虫是我省优势虫种,全省各地牛、羊普遍感染,灌木草甸草场、沼泽草场双腔吸虫感染严重。吸虫病多发在成年牛羊,没有品种、性别差异。 相似文献
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褚明德 《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2010,(4):26-27
对门源县大滩地区不同放牧条件下的200头犊牛和400只羔羊感染牛羊绦虫病的情况进行了调查。结果表明:在阴湿和低洼地带放牧的牛羊绦虫感染率分别为76%和82%,明显高于舍饲圈养和高山地带放牧的牛羊绦虫感染率4%和12%,且羔羊和犊牛对绦虫的感染率明显高于成年牛羊。 相似文献
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为了掌握雷山县羊绦虫、肺丝虫、肝片吸虫、捻转血矛线虫4种主要蠕虫的感染情况,为相关寄生虫病防治提供参考,2019年对万城屠宰场中来自雷山县境内的羊采用解剖观察、粪便检查及粪便恒温培养后再检查、血清学ELISA检测方法进行调查。结果:(1)4种寄生虫在全县羊群中常年均有感染,绦虫、肺丝虫、肝片吸虫、捻转血矛线虫感染率分别为:45.11%、31.47%、27.27%、18.18%。绦虫感染率最高,与其他3种虫体比较差异极显著(P<0.01)。(2)乡镇间和乡镇内4种寄生虫总体感染率比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)规模场和散养户感染率比较,散养户感染率较高,差异极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)。其中:散养户的单一感染率和混合感染率比较差异极显著(P<0.01),散养户混合感染较严重。规模场和散养户的单一感染率比较差异极显著(P<0.01),规模场单一感染较严重。结论:绦虫、肺丝虫、肝片吸虫、捻转血矛线虫在雷山县养殖羊群中感染率均较高,其中散养户的感染率显著高于规模场;4种寄生虫呈混合感染的现象比较普遍。 相似文献
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石头沟地区放牧的牛羊每年一到秋末或冬季便出现消瘦、贫血、浮肿、被毛脆弱,容易脱落。为此笔者进行调查,走访14户农户,采集了58头牛羊粪便。结果表明,牛羊的胃肠线虫种类很多,往往混合感染,对牛羊危害极大。结果检查出牛羊的线虫感染率为39.01%。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(3)
为了初步了解内蒙古中部地区典型草原的轮牧方式对绵羊主要蠕虫病流行病学是否有影响以及常用抗蠕虫药的驱虫效果,试验在西乌珠穆沁旗巴彦花镇地区进行了绵羊群主要蠕虫病流行病学调查及驱虫效果比较试验。首先针对试验区域不同草场类型和放牧方式划分采样点,随机采集一定数量绵羊新鲜粪样,采用寄生虫学粪便虫卵定性和定量检查法对各样品的虫卵种类和数量进行检测。在掌握该地区绵羊蠕虫病流行情况和优势虫种的基础上,选取一定数量的感染程度较强的绵羊,给予伊维菌素、阿苯达唑、双羟萘酸噻嘧啶、硝碘酚腈以及盐酸左旋咪唑等驱虫药进行驱虫效果比较试验。结果表明:该地区绵羊群消化系统蠕虫总感染率为73.5%,其中线虫感染率为70.9%,绦虫感染率为3.5%,吸虫感染率为0.6%。草场类型对该地区绵羊蠕虫感染率的影响不大,其线虫、绦虫和吸虫的感染率分别为40.3%～59.1%、1.5%～3.4%和0～1.7%。放牧方式对绵羊蠕虫感染率有明显影响,轮牧和定居放牧方式绵羊线虫的感染率分别为37.8%和72.5%,绦虫的感染率分别为1.5%和2.4%,吸虫的感染率分别为1.2%和0.6%。伊维菌素已完全失去对绵羊消化道线虫的驱虫作用,阿苯达唑和双羟萘酸噻嘧啶的驱虫效果亦很差,而硝碘酚腈和盐酸左旋咪唑对线虫具有较强的驱虫效果。说明西乌珠穆沁旗巴彦花镇地区绵羊消化道线虫感染比较严重,且所流行的优势虫种已对目前广泛应用的伊维菌素和阿苯达唑均产生了高度耐药性,轮牧方式对绵羊线虫病具有积极的预防作用。 相似文献
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[目的]了解内蒙古部分地区放牧牛羊弓形虫病感染情况。[方法]采用间接血凝试验(IHA)对阿拉善盟及呼伦贝尔市随机采集的286份放牧牛羊血清样本进行弓形虫抗体检测。[结果]绵羊血清弓形虫抗体总阳性率为1.68%,其中,阿拉善盟阳性率为4.84%,呼伦贝尔市阳性率为0.56%;经统计学分析,两个地区的绵羊血清弓形虫抗体阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05);牛血清弓形虫抗体总阳性率为0。[结论]内蒙古主要牧区放牧绵羊存在弓形虫感染,应引起足够的重视,并制定相应的弓形虫病防治措施。 相似文献
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禾草/白三叶(Trifolium repens)草地是中国南方喀斯特地区主要刈牧地之一,探究不同家畜放牧下禾草/白三叶草地植被构成和群落稳定性,可一定程度揭示其植被演替特征。本研究定量分析了多年放牧牛(grazing cattle pasture,GC)、放牧羊(grazing sheep pasture,GS)的禾草/白三叶草地群落特征、物种多样性、生物量构成及群落稳定性。结果显示:1)草地死物质量及植物物种数为GC>GS,植物物种Simpson指数为GS>GC;2)草地禾草[多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)及原生禾草]、原生双子叶(马鞭草科、车前科、酢浆草科和十字花科)及适口性中等植物地上生物量组分为GC>GS,播种白三叶地上生物量组分为GS>GC;且GC草地地上生物量以禾草为主(77.20%),GS草地地上生物量以禾草(51.79%)和豆科(28.02%)为主;3)草地土壤K含量为GC>GS;4)GC草地植物种Raunkiaer频度直方图呈反J型,群落演替度(37.08)比GS草地(45.45)的低。研究认为,GC草地群落处于相对稳定状态,而GS草地群落处于更高演替阶段,牛放牧更利于禾草/白三叶草地群落稳定性和物种多样性的维持。因此,放牧时可实行牛、羊混牧制,或牛、羊轮牧制,以提高禾草/白三叶草地的稳定性和生产力。 相似文献
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Marley CL Fraser MD Davies DA Rees ME Vale JE Forbes AB 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,142(1-2):134-141
An experiment was conducted over two successive years (2002 and 2003) to investigate the effects of grazing improved permanent pasture (mainly perennial ryegrass/white clover) by cattle or sheep, either sequentially or mixed, on the faecal egg counts and growth rates of weaned lambs when treated with anthelmintics. The grazing season was divided into two parts, May-July then July-October, relating to the pre- and post-weaning of the lambs. Four grazing regimes, replicated three times, were compared: (1) sheep only from May to October (SS); (2) cattle May to July followed by lambs until October (C/S); (3) cattle and sheep May to July followed by lambs until October (C+S/S); and (4) cattle and sheep May to July followed by cattle and lambs until October (C+S/C+S). Sward height was maintained at 6 cm using a "put and take" stocking system. At weaning, lambs were weighed and treated with an anthelmintic (0.08% ivermectin drench, Oramec) before being allocated to plots. They were then weighed and drenched every 28 days until the end of the experiment (Day 84). Faecal egg counts (FEC) were measured in all lambs immediately prior to each anthelmintic treatment. In 2002 and 2003, there were differences between the groups in FEC, with the SS lambs having the highest values and C/S lambs the lowest (P<0.01). There were also differences in the rate of liveweight gain of the lambs in each of the study years: for this parameter SS lambs had the lowest growth rate but the fastest growth was in C+S/C+S lambs not C/S lambs (P<0.01), indicating that these differences were due to factors other than parasite infection. Overall, sequential grazing of pastures with cattle then sheep reduced the faecal egg counts in lambs regularly treated with anthelmintics when compared with lambs grazing in mixed systems with cattle and sheep or with sheep only systems, however, the highest growth rates were observed in lambs in the mixed cattle/sheep grazing system throughout. 相似文献
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P J Waller J R Donnelly R J Dobson A D Donald A Axelsen F H Morley 《Australian veterinary journal》1987,64(11):339-343
The pre-weaning production of ewes and lambs in spring on pastures grazed during the previous autumn and early winter by either weaner sheep, adult sheep, or cattle was investigated together with estimating the benefits of pre- and post-lambing drenches to ewes. These treatments were compared with one in which parasitism was uncontrolled in ewes lambing on pastures grazed previously by untreated weaner sheep, and another where parasitism was suppressed by 2-weekly drenching of the weaner sheep and also of the ewes and their lambs. Prior grazing by cattle effectively eliminated infection of pastures with intestinal Trichostrongylus and Nematodirus spp, but less so for Ostertagia spp. Worthwhile reductions in contamination were also achieved by grazing by adult sheep compared with grazing by undrenched weaners. Despite differences in the parasitological status of the pastures, there were no indications that pre-weaning growth rates of lambs were affected. However, wool growth in ewes was reduced by 10 to 20% by parasite infection. Wool growth of ewes on pastures grazed by cattle during the pre-experimental period exceeded that on any other treatment, and was significantly greater than that of ewes on pastures grazed by undrenched weaners. There was no production benefit in giving a pre-lambing drench to ewes on plots contaminated by weaners, or in giving the additional post-lambing drench to ewes grazing on plots contaminated by weaners, adult sheep or cattle. 相似文献
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The current study reviews a 3-year record of slaughtered animals in Arusha abattoir to determine the causes of carcasses and
organ/offal condemnations. A total of 115,186 cattle, 61,551 sheep, 37,850 goats and 13,310 pigs were slaughtered. Out of
the slaughtered cattle, 8.6% were pregnant. Up to 125 (0.108%), 39 (0.063%), 40 (0.106%) and 132 (0.992%) of all cattle, sheep,
goats and pig carcasses, respectively, were totally condemned. Cysticercosis was the leading cause of total carcass condemnations
in cattle (0.051%) and in pig (1.397%), while emaciation accounted for 0.045% and 0.074% of carcass condemnations in sheep
and goats, respectively. Livers and lungs were the most condemned organs in all four animal species. The main cause of condemnations
of cattle livers was fasciolosis (8.6%), while stilesiosis in sheep and goats accounted for 8.1% and 7.3%, respectively. Ascariasis
(4.03%) was the only cause of liver condemnation in pigs. Pneumonia was the leading cause of lung condemnations at the rates
of 3.99%, 2.43% and 2.83% in cattle, sheep and goats, respectively. Because of their zoonotic nature, occurrences of hydatidosis,
cysticercosis, fasciolosis and tuberculosis may pose a public health risk. Thus, there is a need to introduce appropriate
control measures of livestock diseases to minimise the rate of infection and reduce economic losses. 相似文献
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为掌握青海省海北州藏羊群中牛病毒性腹泻病毒和羊边界病毒的感染情况,本研究采用RT-PCR方法分别对青海省海北州的161份健康藏羊血清样品和34份腹泻藏羊组织样品进行了BVDV和BDV的抗原核酸检测。结果显示：195份样品中BVDV和BDV总阳性率分别为29.74 %和14.36 %;161份健康藏羊血清样品中BVDV和BDV平均阳性率分别为26.71 %和11.80 %,BVDV/BDV混合感染率为4.35 %;34份腹泻藏羊组织样品中BVDV和BDV平均阳性率分别为44.12 %和26.47 %,BVDV/BDV混合感染率为17.65 %。本研究表明青海省海北州健康藏羊群和腹泻藏羊群中均存在BVDV、BDV的单独感染以及混合感染,且感染情况在个别养殖场(户)较为严重,本研究为青海藏羊的综合防控措施提供了指导依据,丰富了我国羊群中BVDV和BDV的流行病学资料。 相似文献
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根据高原地区＂春乏＂期间,牛、羊因胃肠道线虫病引起死亡严重的突出情况,自列项目,在全州范围划为三大区域,以项目区为中心,在牛、羊发病率和死亡率相对高的乡（镇）、村设点,将93330头（只）牛、羊分为三个组,作为高原地区牛、羊胃肠道线虫病防治技术模块,结果3个试验组用药前胃肠道寄生虫感染率均为100%,早晨在放牧前投喂赛爱吉夏结、克虫特和丙硫苯咪唑等药物后,7 d粪检EPG,虫卵转阴率和虫卵减少数均为100%。间隔7 d重复驱虫1次,防治效果显著。有计划的用驱虫药丙硫咪唑,克虫特、伊维菌素。在每年春季2~3月,秋季8~9月份进行两次驱虫。可提高牛、羊有机体的免疫力,降低牛、羊胃肠道线虫病的发病率和死亡率,减轻对养殖业的危害。 相似文献
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Body condition scoring is widely used for sheep and cattle but the practice is included in only one Code of Practice for the welfare of goats in Australia. There is no published scientific evidence to support or defend its use in the assessment of welfare risks to farmed goats. PROCEDURE: The significance of stocking rate, grazing system, body condition score (CS) and live weight were investigated in explaining the risk of mortality of individual and flocks of grazing Angora goats from hypothermia following a severe weather event in April. This event occurred 5 weeks after shearing the goats. Angora goats and Saxon Merino sheep were grazed alone, or mixed together in equal numbers at each of three stocking rates. RESULTS: There was no mortality amongst Angora goats provided they grazed at the lowest stocking rate even when their CS was < or = 2.0. Mortality in flocks of Angora goats was most related to the CS reached during the preceding 2 months. For flocks of Angora goats there was no mortality at CS > or = 2.5 and mortality increased sharply at mean CS < 2.0. For individual Angora goats, mortality increased as CS declined and stocking rate and grazing combinations were additive in effect on mortality. Grazing with sheep increased mortality of Angora goats at higher stocking rates. The individual goat mortality rate was not dependent on individual plot effects suggesting that these results are applicable widely. Live weight loss was not related to mortality rates of goats once CS had been accounted for. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that CS and stocking rate were highly significant determinants of welfare risk in Angora goats. 相似文献
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摘要：按照当地典型的放牧模式以及单位时间单位面积放牧的羊单位划分极重度放牧区（E，0.51羊单位/hm2）、重度放牧区（H，0.43羊单位/hm2）、中度放牧区（M，0.32羊单位/hm2）、轻度放牧区（L，0.26羊单位/hm2）和无牧区（U，0羊单位/hm2）5个放牧梯度，探讨了新疆新源县山地草原白羊草（Bothriochloa ischcemum）+杂类草草地植被、草地植物营养在不同放牧强度下的反应特征。结果表明，2009年6月1日的草地产量达到最高（1 008 g/m2）。随着放牧强度的增加，群落生境逐渐恶化，草地的物种多样性和结构简单化，生产力下降。极重度放牧区的粗蛋白含量最高(10.6%)，中性洗涤纤维含量最低（50%）;中度放牧区酸性洗涤纤维含量最低（30.8%）。 相似文献